The staining should be completely environmentally determined and not
related to differences in species or species behavior. So, it should not be
a reliable way to differentiate the swan species. Better ways to
differentiate the species beside field marks include calls and flock size.
Both species are quite vocal and Sibley mobile eBird guide plays
vocalizations and will be right there when needed to compare calls.
Trumpeters move about in family groups typically of 2 to 8 birds.
Tudras migrate in flocks of 20 to 100. So if you see a smattering of small
groups of swans, they are probably Trumpeters and if you see a flock of 20
or more, they are probably Tudras. You can still see several family groups
of Trumpeters together or when out of peak migration a small group of 10 to
20 Tundras.

Steve Weston
On Quigley Lake in Eagan, MN
swest...@comcast.net


On Wed, Apr 21, 2021 at 12:44 AM Keith Carlson <keitheca...@gmail.com>
wrote:

> Can anybody tell me if coral or pinkish brown staining of the head is a
> reliable way to distinguish tundra swans from trumpeter swans.  Saw quite a
> few with those colored heads on the wildlife drive at the Sherburne
> National Wildlife Refuge last Saturday and I was guessing they were tundra
> but was uncertain.  They weren't very vocal so that didn't help.
>
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