The PWM definitely causes the power supply to sag in my clock too. The output 
voltage also briefly sags, but quickly pulls itself back. As I mentioned, 
removing, or lessening the ripple has no appreciable effect.

> On Feb 23, 2019, at 2:59 PM, Terry Kennedy <terry-gro...@glaver.org> wrote:
> 
>> On Saturday, February 23, 2019 at 7:22:59 AM UTC-5, Paul Andrews wrote:
>> None of my other tubes exhibit this behavior (with a caveat I will get into 
>> in a moment). My theory on this was that the large cathodes on the CD47 
>> could vibrate at lower frequencies than any other tube in my collection, 
>> which might explain why the default PWM frequency I was using would have no 
>> effect on any of my other tubes. The next largest tube I have is a CD27, and 
>> there is a significant difference between the size of the cathodes in these 
>> two tubes - 135mm for the CD47 and 55mm for the CD27. One experiment that 
>> this suggests is to lower the PWM frequency on the CD47 until it stops 
>> singing. Unfortunately, even if I lower it to the point that I can see 
>> visible flicker, it still sings. Another experiment would be to increase the 
>> PWM frequency on one of my other tubes. I did this for an IN-18, and was 
>> indeed able to make this tube sing too!
>> 
>> Apart from just being interesting, this is all of some concern as I assume 
>> that this vibration of the cathodes, when they are dimmed or fading, will 
>> cause some mechanical stress, which I obviously want to avoid on a tube like 
>> the CD47. I am wondering if vibration could be reduced, or even eliminated, 
>> by smoothing out the square wave - i.e. by gradually allowing more current 
>> to flow as a cathode is pulled to ground and vice-versa as the cathode is 
>> 'released'. I would be grateful for any ideas on how to do this. I am using 
>> an HV5523 to control the cathodes.
> 
> The B7971's in the MOD-SIX tended to sing as well and are also large tubes, 
> but not as big as the CD47. Interestingly, changing from the original power 
> supply to the potted supply used in the newer versions of the MOD-SIX stops 
> those tubes from singing as well (simple swap of the PSU board, same tubes / 
> CPU board / setup options). I'm not sure why changing the power supply made a 
> difference. My guess is that the potted supply has a large-value integral cap 
> in there, and that the PWM cycling was causing the original power supply to 
> sag in time with the PWM duty cycle.
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