Hi Rob,
On 23-Mar-23 02:32, Rob Wilton (rwilton) wrote:
Hi Jürgen, Netmod, & rfc6874bis interested parties,
In my AD review of draft-ietf-netmod-rfc6991-bis-15, Jurgen has proposed a
change to definition of the zone-id in the ip-address, ipv4-address, and
ipv6-address types. These changes move the definition somewhat closer to what
is in rfc6874bis, but they are still different enough that we don't have wide
compatibility.
I think that it may be useful to have a discussion to see if we can find a
technical solution that works both for YANG models and that is compatible with
being used in URIs. Hence, I've separated my AD review comments for these two
specific issues into this separate thread to try and ensure that interested
parties can be involved in the discussion:
(2) In RFC 6991:
typedef ipv6-address {
type string {
pattern '((:|[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}):)([0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}:){0,5}'
+ '((([0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}:)?(:|[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}))|'
+ '(((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9]?[0-9])\.){3}'
+ '(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9]?[0-9])))'
+ '(%[\p{N}\p{L}]+)?';
In draft-ietf-netmod-rfc6991-bis-15, p 27, sec 4. Internet Protocol Suite Types
typedef ipv6-address {
type string {
pattern '((:|[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}):)([0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}:){0,5}'
+ '((([0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}:)?(:|[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}))|'
+ '(((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9]?[0-9])\.){3}'
+ '(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9]?[0-9])))'
+ '(%[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-\._~/]*)?';
I'm not saying that this change is wrong, but this technically looks to be a
non-backwards-compatible change (depending on whether interface names could
ever use non-ASCII characters). Where is the set of allowed characters for
zone-ids defined? I couldn't find them in an RFC, RFC 4007 section 11.2 seems
to indicate that there is no restriction.
RFC 4007 is woefully vague, but it does limit the character set to ASCII. The
failings I have noted so far include:
1) No length limit - i.e. exposed to buffer overrun bugs and exploits;
2) NULL is not disallowed - i.e. exposed to NULL-terminated string bugs and
exploits;
3) In fact, no statement about non-alphanumeric characters at all;
4) No statement about case sensitivity or case folding;
[It's clear to me that RFC 4007 needs to be revisited after we have settled the
current issues.]
All of these are problematic in the URI context, not to mention the poor choice of
"%" as a delimiter.
The above doesn't tell me what is intended about case sensitivity, and it does include
"/" which is troublesome in URIs.
Maybe you could consider an even more complex definition that distinguishes
general zone identifiers from URI-friendly zone identifiers? The latter would
be something like
'(%[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\-\._~]*)?'
Then there could be a general recommendation to use the restricted character
set if, and only if, there is an operational requirement to generate URIs for a
given interface.
draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis, which I'm currently holding a 'discuss' ballot
position on, effectively limits the usable character set of zone-ids to the
unreserved set in URIs, which seems to match those above except for '/' that is
allowed above (and used in many interface names), but not in the URI's
unreserved character set. A further difference is that upper case characters
are allowed in this typedef but are not allowed when used in the host part of
URIs.
Well, more precisely they will almost certainly be normalized to lower case by
the URI parser.
Update - I've now seen the thread 'ipv6-address in RFC 6991 (and bis)', and
Jürgen has put together a useful blog post, thanks!
Given that "interface-name" in RFC 8343, and the text in RFC 4007 section 11.2, then
arguably the safest thing here would be to allow the zone-id to be unrestricted, i.e.,
"(%.*)?" However, this would leave draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis as only being able to
support a small fraction of interface names as zone-ids in URLs. The authors of
draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis seem to indicate that it works for all interface names that currently
matter for their use case.
That appears to be correct, as noted in the newly proposed text at
https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~brian/draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis-06X.html#section-1-5
<https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~brian/draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis-06X.html#section-1-5>
An alternative solution could be to somewhere define the zone-ids in YANG to
match the restrictive set in draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis (i.e., lower case only,
and disallow '/'). I think that this would then require that we recommend a
conversion of interface names into draft-ietf-6man-rfc6874bis compatible
zone-ids interface-names. E.g., such a conversion could take the interface
name, and change any uppercase characters to lower case, and replace any symbol
that isn't in the allowed character set with '_'. This conversion is
effectively one way, and there is a theoretical risk that the converted
interface names could collide, but this may be unlikely in practice.
Obviously, this conversation doesn't handle non-ASCII interface names, but I'm
not sure how realistic it is that they would be used anyway.
Remember there is a browser between the URI and the operating system, and the
browser communicates with the operating system via a socket interface. So such
a conversion is useless unless the socket interface in the device concerned is
fully aware of the mapping. So even if there is a use case, there are a lot of
moving parts here.
Personally I think allowing non-ASCII would be disastrously complex and would
have no real advantage for netops staff. Езернет1/0/1 instead of Ethernet1/0/1
doesn't seem worth all the resultant hassle.
This general comment also applies for the same change for 'ipv4-address'.
Fortunately this is 100% out of scope for the 6man draft.
(3) draft-ietf-netmod-rfc6991-bis-15, p 28, sec 4. Internet Protocol Suite
Types
The canonical format of IPv6 addresses uses the textual
representation defined in Section 4 of RFC 5952. The
canonical format for the zone index is the numerical
format as described in Section 11.2 of RFC 4007.";
Would it make sense to also change the canonical format for the zone index to
be interface name (or converted interface name) rather than numeric id (when
used in YANG models)?
Please not. In a completely different context (RFC 8990) I've written code
handling link local addresses and multiple interfaces, and driving it by
interface index rather than by name is definitely the way to go. Humans may
like the names, but the numbers are much better for programs.
Regard
Brian
This comment also applies for the same change for 'ipv4-address'.
Thoughts and comments on these two issues are welcome.
Regards,
Rob
