Now you can follow VOA on Twitter! As always, VOANews.com, with its community
site USAVotes2008.com, will continue to provide you with coverage on the
transition from President Bush to President Obama. And be sure to contact VOA
to receive your free copy of the 2009 VOA Calendar! (You may also request a
copy by sending an email to [email protected].)
Military Leaders in Guinea Claim They Have Taken Power
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But civilian government in Conakry says it is still in charge after death of
long-time president Lansana Conte
Military leaders in Guinea say they have taken power, following the death of
long-time President Lansana Conte. The civilian government in Conakry says it
is still in charge.Military leaders in Guinea say they have dissolved the
government and constitution.
National Council for Democracy says it is in charge Guinea President Lansana
Conte (file photo)The coup attempt by soldiers from the newly-formed National
Council for Democracy followed an early morning broadcast announcing President
Conte's death. In that broadcast, the head of Guinea's armed forces and other
military leaders stood beside the head of the national assembly, Aboubacar
Sompare, who called on the supreme court to follow the constitution and make
him president.The coup announcement that followed said the National Council for
Democracy would take charge of the destiny of the Guinean people. Government
ministers were ordered to report immediately to a military barracks which has
been the scene of several unsuccessful mutinies against the Conte government.
Prime minister denies claimGuinean Prime Minister Ahmed Tidiane Souare says his
government has not been dissolved. He told French radio that those behind the
coup attempt have not used force and the government is calling for
understanding and compassion from all Guineans, especially the military.Former
colonial power France says it will oppose any military take-over in Guinea.
Assembly Speaker Sompare told French television that there are negotiations
underway between officers and soldiers backing the coup attempt and those
supporting constitutional rule.Announcing the coup, Captain Moussa David Camara
said the military was taking power to stop what he called widespread
corruption, impunity, anarchy, and a catastrophic economic situation. Camara
said members of the Conte government are, in large part, responsible for what
he called an "unprecedented economic and social crisis." He said a joint
civilian-military council reflecting the nation's ethnic balance would run the
country until new elections.
President died after long illnessA reporter for VOA in Conakry says the capital
remains calm, and most people are following orders to stay at home.President
Conte had been ill for some time. The nation's second president was thought to
be in his 70's and was a heavy smoker who suffered from diabetes. He ruled
Guinea since a 1984 coup that followed the death of post-independence leader
Ahmed Sekou Toure.President Conte first won election in 1993 in a vote
protested by political opponents because some results were canceled. He
survived a February 1996 army mutiny over pay. At least 40 people were killed
and the president was captured by mutineers who later freed him when he
promised to raise salaries for troops.President Conte was re-elected in 1998
after his main challenger was jailed for sedition. A referendum changing the
constitution to remove term limits allowed President Conte to run again in
2003. Most opposition parties boycotted that ballot, and he was re-elected with
more than 95 percent of the vote.President Conte survived an assassination
attempt by dissident soldiers in January of 2005.Following his death, Guinea's
constitution calls for presidential elections within 60 days. Legislative
elections had already been planned for next year.
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UN Security Council Extends Protection for Iraqi Assets
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Vote means assets cannot be seized by foreign governments or others seeking
damages from Baghdad
UN Security CouncilThe United Nations Security Council has voted to
extend U.N. protection for Iraq's assets, a measure that shields Iraq from
international lawsuits.
Security Council members unanimously adopted a resolution Monday to continue
protecting Iraqi assets until December 31, 2009. The measure was due to expire
at the end of this month.
Iraq's oil revenues and other financial assets are held in a U.N.-monitored
account, known as the Development Fund for Iraq, to ensure they are used for
the country's reconstruction. The assets cannot be seized by foreign
governments or others seeking damages from Baghdad.
Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari welcomed the Security Council vote.
After attending the session, he said the resolution is a strong signal that
Iraq no longer poses a threat to the world, as it did under ousted leader
Saddam Hussein.
In another development, Iraq's parliament delayed a vote that was expected
Monday on whether to allow non-American foreign troops to operate in Iraq
beyond this month.
Iraqi lawmakers instead held a special session to discuss removing Parliament
Speaker Mahmoud al-Mashhadani. Some lawmakers accuse Mashhadani of making
comments last week that insulted the parliament.
It is not clear when the assembly will vote on a resolution allowing troops
from Britain, Australia, El Salvador, Estonia and Romania to operate in Iraq
until July 2009.
If the measure is not passed before a U.N. mandate expires on December 31st,
the non-U.S. foreign troops will have no legal basis to operate in Iraq next
year. Some Iraqi lawmakers say it is important to pass a resolution quickly to
prevent such a scenario.
Washington already has signed an agreement with the Iraqi government that
allows U.S. troops to operate in Iraq until the end of 2011.
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Taliban Leader Denies Talks With Kabul
http://enews.voanews.com/t?ctl=212682C:2DA063D257D43931BC7387D922A3C68F70AD7039DCD7B7E4&;
Mullah Mohammad Omar says Taliban has not held negotiations with government in
Saudi Arabia, UAE or elsewhere
Afghan President Hamid Karzai (File)Taliban leader Mullah Mohammad Omar is
refuting reports that his group is planning talks with the Afghan
government.Omar said in a statement Tuesday, the Taliban has not held
negotiations on the issue in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates or
elsewhere.
Mullah Omar may be hiding in PakistanThe Taliban leader is believed to be in
hiding in western Pakistan. The United States has offered a $10 million reward
for his capture, and has signaled its opposition to negotiations between Omar
and the Afghan government.Afghan President Hamid Karzai has said he would be
willing to protect Omar if he entered peace talks. President Karzai traveled to
Khost province Tuesday to join a memorial ceremony attend by hundreds of people
for three Afghans killed in a U.S. raid last week.The U.S. says the victims
were linked to al-Qaida, but Afghan officials say they were civilians.
US asked to investigate incident involving civilian deathsOn Monday, Mr. Karzai
asked the top U.S. military official, Admiral Mike Mullen, to fully investigate
the incident.Afghanistan's Independent Human Rights Commission released a
report Tuesday saying night raids stoke anger and resentment among Afghans
against foreign forces. The Afghan president's office says Mr. Karzai also told
Mullen the Afghan government must be consulted about the activities of the
30,000 extra U.S. troops expected to arrive in the country next year.The extra
troops aim to control the Taliban insurgency U.S.-led forces have been fighting
since late 2001. The U.S.-led coalition said Tuesday its forces killed six
suspected militants and detained three others about 60 kilometers east of Kabul
Monday.
Some information for this report was provided by AFP, AP and Reuters.
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Nepal Media Protests Attack by Maoist Activists
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Dozens of activists belonging to labor union affiliated to Maoists attacked
Sunday Himal Media, one of country's biggest publishing houses
Nepalese journalists protest against Maoist government, demanding it to stop
attack on press freedom, in Katmandu, 22 Dec 2008 Nepal's leading newspapers
are protesting an attack on a prominent media house by Maoist activists.
Maoists, who gave up an armed revolution two years ago, now lead the country's
coalition government.In Nepal Tuesday, any English and Nepali-language
newspapers left editorial spaces blank, some with bold black borders.The
newspapers are protesting the Sunday attack on one of the country's biggest
publishing houses, Himal Media by dozens of activists belonging to a labor
union affiliated to the Maoists.The protesters attacked journalists and
property, demanding the reinstatement of Maoist-affiliated employees who had
been sacked. Several people were injured. Reports say the attackers also
expressed anger at coverage critical of the Maoist government. The Media
Society and Editors Alliance in Nepal is calling the assault a serious threat
to media freedom. Kunda Dixit is editor of Nepali Times, which is published by
Himal Media. "We saw the attack as an attack on press freedom, on
the values of democracy for which we fought, the media has fought, along with
civil society and the democratic parties in the past… and now the threat comes
from an elected Maoist government, and we thought we had to make a strong
statement," he said.Former Nepalese rebel leader and chairman of Communist
Party of Nepal, Maoist Pushpa Kamal Dahal, known as Prachanda (file photo)The
Maoists, who emerged as the biggest political party in elections this year, now
head a coalition government. Maoist Prime Minister Prachanda has denied any
role by his party in the attack and blames it on people "engaged in giving a
bad a name to the party in the guise of Maoists." He has promised an
investigation and says the guilty will be punished.But leading editors, like
Dixit, say they are not convinced that the government will act. He says they
had earlier problems from Maoist activists, who have burned or blocked
distribution of publications.Dixit says Nepalese journalists will fight any
effort by the Maoists to control media."This has really has gone too far, and
most of us think enough is enough and we have to do something. And, the blank
editorials is just a beginning. We have said we will now escalate our
protests. We will see what else we can do," he said.The attack has been
condemned by Nepal's main political parties, the United Nations and media
freedom groups.
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3 Chinese Ships to Head to Somali Coast
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Military says unprecedented deployment will help with international efforts to
combat pirates
Photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency shows Chinese crew member igniting
fire bomb to defend against pirate attack in Gulf of Aden, 17 Dec 2008 China is
sending three ships to the waters off Somalia this week, to help with
international efforts to combat pirates. Officials with China's military say
this unprecedented deployment of the Chinese navy shows the country's
commitment to its international obligations. Preparations are almost complete
for Chinese navy ships to head to the Gulf of Aden, to help with international
efforts to fight pirates off the coast of Somalia.Rear Admiral Xiao Xinnian,
deputy chief of staff of the People's Liberation Army Navy, says China believes
the mission is significant and has major implications.Xiao says this
demonstrates that the Chinese government is committed to its international
obligations and that China is a responsible major country.Ships armed with
missile cannon systems, light weaponsThe Chinese grouping will include two
destroyers, one supply ship, two helicopters and special operations forces.
The ships will leave Friday from southern Hainan Province.The ships are armed
with missile cannon systems and the troops will carry light weapons. Xiao
says the Chinese ships are ready to work with the other international military
ships in the region and learn from their experiences. The Chinese Foreign
Ministry says none of its officials will accompany the Chinese ships.Xiao says
the mission also demonstrates what he calls "the resolve and capability" of the
Chinese navy to deal with multiple security threats, although he did not
specify the other threats.Military escorts prepared to provide rescue services
for Taiwan shipsOne potential flashpoint is Taiwan, a separately-governed
island Beijing considers part of Chinese territory. China has vowed to retake
Taiwan by force, if necessary, and has hundreds of missiles aimed at the
island.PLA official Ma Luping says the Chinese military escorts in Africa are
prepared to provide rescue services to Taiwan ships that encounter
difficulties.Ma says the two cross-Straits organizations are discussing what
would be the quickest and most effective line of communication, so that Chinese
navy ships can protect Taiwanese ships in the area.Meanwhile, ministry of
national defense spokesman Huang Xueping says China is considering developing
an aircraft carrier.Huang says an aircraft carrier would be a symbol of a
country's overall strength and the competitiveness of its naval force.He adds
that, with China's long coastline, the Chinese navy's "sacred duty" is to
safeguard the country's maritime security and uphold the sovereignty of its
coastal waters.
------------------------------------------------------
S. Korean Automakers Implement 'Emergency Management' Plan
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Move follows sharp slowdown in global economy, faltering car sales
South Korea's two largest automakers say they are implementing "emergency
management" amid a sharp slowdown in the global economy. The outlook for South
Korea's auto industry is sobering.Hyundai Motors and its affiliate, Kia, have
slashed the number of cars they were aiming to sell this year by more than 12
percent as part of their strategy to weather the global recession. The
companies say they have also frozen salaries for managers.South Korean
President Lee Myung-bak, left, inspects assembly line as GM Daewoo Auto &
Technology President Michael Grimaldi, right, looks on, 19 Dec 2008They are not
the only South Korean car makers putting on the brakes. The South Korean unit
of French automaker Renault SA says it will shut down its only South Korean
plant until next year. GM Daewoo has halted production at a plant in South
Korea's second largest city, Pusan, until January 4. Auto companies across the
board say they plan to cut factory working hours in the future.Workers informed
they will not be paid this weekSouth Korea's Ssangyong Motors, owned by a
Chinese company, is having trouble making its payroll due to lagging sales.
Choi Ki-min is a policy director at the Ssangyong labor union.He says managers
informed the workers without any discussion that they would not be able to pay
salaries due this week. The workers say they will consider strikes and protest
action if the wages are not paid soon.South Korea's auto industry troubles
mirror the economic crisis in the United States, where the collapse of several
financial institutions under a mountain of bad debt pulled the keystone on a
global recession. U.S. President George Bush announced an emergency loan for
two of the top three U.S. auto makers last week, but their future after three
months remains unclear. Will S. Korean auto bailout be needed?Last week, the
Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association predicted South Korean auto exports
would drop by more than 5.5 percent next year. Domestic car sales are forecast
to drop nearly 9 percent, to the lowest point since South Korea suffered its
own financial crisis 11 years ago.South Korean President Lee Myung-bak toured
the GM Daewoo plant last week, calling on the industry to change its economic
fundamentals. South Korea's government has slashed an auto consumption tax by a
third in hopes of spurring domestic demand for cars. Officials are now
considering whether South Korean car makers will require an infusion of public
cash, similar to the bailout plan that was considered in Washington.
------------------------------------------------------
Rebel Training Camp Discovered in Niger Delta
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Joint Military Task Force says new recruits being trained in long range
shooting, use of explosives
The Nigerian army says militant groups are preparing to launch fresh
hostilities in the oil-rich Niger Delta by training 1,000 new recruits at a
camp in South-west Ondo state. According to the Joint Military Task Force
deployed to the restive Niger Delta, the new recruits are being trained "in
long range shooting, handling of various sophisticated weapons and the use of
explosives."
Arugbo community denies link with oil rebelsThe allegation could not be
independently confirmed but the Arugbo community, which was named as hosting
the training camp, has denied any link with the oil rebels.A spokesman for the
Niger Delta military task force, Lieutenant Colonel Rabe Abubakar, told VOA the
army had implicit confidence in its intelligence."We are not saying all the
communities are militants. What we are saying specifically is information about
putting up of militants' camp outside; it could be in the bush. But that is the
name of the general area we are picking," he said.
Militant group warns it may end cease-fireThe allegation preceded a warning by
Nigeria's main militant group it may end a three-month unilateral cease-fire
and resume attacks on the country's oil industry.The Movement for the
Emancipation of the Niger Delta launched what it described as an "oil war" in
the Delta, a vast network of mangrove creeks in southern Nigeria in September
in response to what it said were unprovoked attacks by the security forces on
one of its bases.The group is holding two British hostages as leverage for the
release of its suspected leader, Henry Okah, who is in jail for gun-running and
treason. Defense lawyers say Okah suffers from kidney complications and
requires treatment abroad. Nigerian authorities have rejected the request,
prompting a stern rebels warning of grave consequences if he dies in jail.There
has been violent unrest in the Niger Delta, where militants have kidnapped more
than 250 local and foreign oil workers and destroyed several oil and gas
pipelines and other facilities. Efforts are being made by the government to
increase the speed of development in the region.
------------------------------------------------------
Poor Marks, High Fees Keep Students Away in Sierra Leone
http://enews.voanews.com/t?ctl=2126831:2DA063D257D43931BC7387D922A3C68F70AD7039DCD7B7E4&;
But despite the many challenges, there are also inspiring success stories
Schoolgirls in Makeni, Sierra LeoneSchool administrators in Sierra Leone
say they are worried by high dropout rates and poor exam results. They say
having few graduates is not good for the future of a country still struggling
to recover from civil war. But in the town of Makeni, despite the many
challenges, there are also inspiring success stories.
Mohamed is a high-school dropout who drives a motorcycle taxi, known as an
okada, to get by.
Rebels killed his father during the decade long civil war that began in 1991.
Mohamed says he was previously being sponsored as a high-school student by
Catholic priests in the northern town of Kabala. But when they recently
returned to Europe, he says he had no choice but to look for money to survive.
Students say fees are too highRiding a motorcycle he rents, he makes a
few dollars a day. But, he says, it is not enough to pay for school fees. With
textbooks and school supplies, these can run to more than $100 per year. "I am
saving the money but the money will not be enough. So if I pay the fee, how can
I support myself again. And the money will be less, so there is no way. So I
only strike (work) for my feeding and to clothe myself, to take care of my
health," he said.
A former student comes into the office of school administrator Victor
Campbell, looking for his results. Campbell says results from the last school
year were some of the worst in the country's history, and he is still trying to
find out why. "These are some of the questionnaires I put across for the poor
performance of candidates. So I tried to prepare some questions. At least we
will know from everybody, not only the teachers, the general public and
education officials, principals and even the students, so that we will see what
is the reason why we have such poor results. So at least when I compile them,
we can find a way forward," he said.
Until he gets his answers, though, Campbell, the exam controller for northern
Sierra Leone, is putting most of the blame on students. "The pupils, of course,
they are not actively engaged in their academic work. They do not study, in
fact (that is) one of the complaints we have from the various principals. I am
sure if they were going to school, and they were concentrating on their
studies, they would (do) better," he said.
Students say teachers sell notesBut students, like those at the Sierra
Leone Muslim brotherhood, blame teachers. They say teachers do not really teach
in class, and that they sell class notes so only those who have extra money can
buy the material needed to pass exams.
One 18-year-old female student in her final high school year says it is very
challenging to stay in school and succeed. "The teachers, some teach, some do
not teach properly. It is very difficult . We are thinking about this poverty.
Most of our parents do not provide for us the materials so that is why it is so
difficult. If you come to school, if your teachers do not teach, if you do not
have money to buy books it is difficult for you to go through your exams and
pass."
History teacher Aime Camara acknowledges poorly-paid teachers try to make
extra money off students. He says a compromise should be found, so children can
learn and teachers can earn a living. "Sometimes some teachers print pamphlets,
they only dish out these pamphlets and they collect the money, but they fail to
go into these pamphlets so that they can explain the difficult areas for the
children. And if that happens, of course, the children will not be able to get
anything out of it," he said.
Despite all these challenges, there are success stories.
Al-Hassan Kamara is a second-year student at Makeni's Fatima Institute. When
he was nine, he saw rebels execute his father, a diamond miner, in front of him.
He fled to refugee camps in Guinea, where he went to classes taught by aid
workers. "It is because of my effort in school, because I was clever in school,
so someone went for me in Guinea and brought me back to Sierra Leone."
Now, a friend in Makeni, an okada driver, helps him pay his school fees. "He
knows that in the future, if he helps me, I will help him because I am very
clever in my books. He too wants to go to school but because there is no
support, he has to help me so that both of us we do not sit down like that. I
will go further and help him in return later."
Students say exams are too difficultEven though he is succeeding, Kamara
says it is a constant struggle. "Looking to higher (learning) institutions,
they are making things difficult. The exams are very tedious. No one can get
ahead. For the school fees, they are very, very, high. So there is a need to
change all the system so that people will be more in schools, not less. There
should be a lot of scholarship grants to students so that there will be more
intellectuals in the country," he said.
Kamara also complains that elites send their children to study abroad, rather
than trying to improve their country's schooling system. "The ministers, the
president's people, they are all taking their children to go and learn
out(side), they are leaving the country. There is a need for a change in the
education system here. They are making their own children richer in education
and leave others, the lower people. That is not fine for the development of the
country," he said.
Kamara says he believes his own father would be proud of him. "He normally
beat us to go to school. I was struck at that age. He would take things from
me, trying to chase me to school, but I was stubborn. But now I realize what he
was doing, it was very nice for me."
Kamara says his grandparents were illiterate, and that despite the poverty and
war of his generation, he is already much more educated than they were, which
is what he hopes for all Sierra Leoneans.
------------------------------------------------------
Chinese Pandas Arrive in Taiwan
http://enews.voanews.com/t?ctl=2126832:2DA063D257D43931BC7387D922A3C68F70AD7039DCD7B7E4&;
Endangered animals are goodwill gesture from Beijing, symbol of improving
relations
Photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency, show Taiwanese breeder You Xueyin
feeding giant pandas Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan, 22 Dec 2008Two giant pandas from
China have arrived in Taiwan. The endangered animals are a goodwill gift from
Beijing and a symbol of improving relations between the two historic foes.
Eva Airways, a Taiwan airline, transported the two pandas Tuesday afternoon
from Chengdu in China's southwestern Sichuan Province.
Pandas will remain in quarantine until late JanuaryOnly caretakers,
conservationists and veterinarians accompanied the shy animals on the special
Boeing 747 flight.They were immediately taken to the Taipei Zoo, where they
will be held in quarantine until late January.Andrew Yang is an analyst with
the Taipei Council of Advanced Political Studies. He says Taiwanese people
appreciate the gift and that the pandas will create some goodwill, especially
among children."It's a good gesture, it's creating a better atmosphere," he
explained, "showing China as having sincerity and Taiwan is accommodating the
process. And hopefully that will make a better life for both sides."
Beijing aiming to get Taiwan back under its political controlChina has viewed
self-ruled Taiwan as part of its territory since the island broke away from
Beijing at the end of a civil war in 1949. Beijing makes clear that it wishes
to bring Taiwan back under its political control and has threatened to take the
island by force if its leaders move to declare formal independence. Relations
between the two sides have improved over the past several months. Beijing and
Taipei have signed numerous economic and trade agreements since Taiwan
President Ma Ying-jeou took office in May. Yang, however, says he does not
think the arrival of the pandas will build necessarily public support for Mr.
Ma. "I think people are still very much concerned again, [about] whether his
[Ma's] policy will be actually making some benefits for the Taiwanese economy.
The economy is much more important than pandas," Yang said.
Pandas names mean reunionThe pandas are named "Tuan Tuan" and "Yuan Yuan",
which mean "reunion" when spoken together in Mandarin. China promised to send
them three years ago, but the offer was held up by the previous Taiwan
president, who opposed closer relations with Beijing.About 1500 pandas live in
the bamboo forests of central and western China. They are picky eaters, so 480
kilograms of their favorite Sichuan bamboo were brought along on the flight.
Taipei Zoo keepers plan to gradually mix in more local bamboo as the pandas
adjust to their new environment.In exchange for the pandas, Taiwan will donate
rare native deer and goats to China.
------------------------------------------------------
'Redefining Christmas' Puts New Twist on Holiday Giving
http://enews.voanews.com/t?ctl=2126833:2DA063D257D43931BC7387D922A3C68F70AD7039DCD7B7E4&;
Campaign suggests charitable donations rather than 'loathsome' excess
There's a Christmas controversy this year. And for a change, it has nothing to
do with Santa Claus or keeping the birth of Jesus in the forefront of the
holiday celebration.There may be an alternative to the Christmas rush that
still enables people to give to each other, while helping others as wellBut it
does have something to do with the old argument that the season has become far
too commercialized.Through their foundation, the wealthy Dalio family of
Connecticut bought advertisements in six of the largest American newspapers,
extolling an idea called Redefining Christmas. And the family kicked in $2
million to get the campaign going.And what does redefining Christmas
mean?Santa's off the hook for the latest flap about ChristmasThe idea is that
instead of spending a lot of money on gifts, family and friends should give
donations to each other's favorite charities. A lot more money would go to
people who need it, one advertisement reads. It describes the holiday shopping
rush as loathsome and argues that giving would be more in keeping with the
Christmas spirit.This redefinition of Christmas has provoked strong, and quite
mixed, reactions. Many columnists, letter writers and online bloggers say it's
a wonderful idea - a concrete way to reduce the grubby commercial excesses of
the holiday.Salvation Army bell ringers are a familiar sight during the
holidays, but there is another way to give besides dropping a dollar in a red
pailBut others say the purchase and exchange of holiday gifts isn't loathsome
at all, but rather, provides critical support to small businesses - and
hundreds of thousands of workers - who are struggling during the current
economic recession. Others argue that while giving to charities sounds warm and
wholesome, some charitable organizations sop up huge portions of donations for
administrative costs, and a relatively small share goes to those needing
help.There's no easy way to tell whether the Redefining Christmas idea has
increased charitable giving. But it certainly has stirred up public debate
over a timely and important issue this holiday season.
Read more of Ted's personal reflections and stories from the road on his blog,
Ted Landphair's America.
------------------------------------------------------
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