jamesfredley commented on code in PR #16695:
URL: https://github.com/apache/grails-core/pull/16695#discussion_r4342063827


##########
grails-data-hibernate7/core/src/main/groovy/org/grails/orm/hibernate/cfg/domainbinding/util/CreateKeyForProps.java:
##########
@@ -62,20 +62,49 @@ public void createKeyForProps(HibernatePersistentProperty 
grailsProp, String pat
 
             List<Column> keyList = new ArrayList<>();
             keyList.add(new Column(columnName));
-            List<String> propertyNames = mappedForm.getUniquenessGroup();
-            GrailsHibernatePersistentEntity owner = 
grailsProp.getHibernateOwner();
-            for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
-                HibernatePersistentProperty otherProp = 
owner.getHibernatePropertyByName(propertyName);
-                if (otherProp == null) {
-                    throw new MappingException(
-                            owner.getJavaClass().getName() + " references an 
unknown property " + propertyName);
-                }
-                String otherColumnName =
-                        
columnNameForPropertyAndPathFetcher.getColumnNameForPropertyAndPath(otherProp, 
path, null);
-                keyList.add(new Column(otherColumnName));
-            }
-
+            addGroupColumns(grailsProp, mappedForm, path, keyList);
             uniqueKeyForColumnsCreator.createUniqueKeyForColumns(table, 
keyList);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates the unique key of a property that spans several columns, such 
as one mapped with a composite user
+     * type, when the property is unique: one key across all of its columns 
and, when it is unique within a group,
+     * the columns of the other properties of the group. None of the columns 
is unique on its own, since two
+     * different values of the property can share the value of one of them, so 
a property that is unique on its
+     * own needs the key as well.
+     *
+     * @param grailsProp the property
+     * @param path the path of the property within its entity
+     * @param table the table that holds the columns
+     * @param columnNames the names of the columns of the property
+     */
+    public void createKeyForColumns(
+            HibernatePersistentProperty grailsProp, String path, Table table, 
List<String> columnNames) {
+        PropertyConfig mappedForm = grailsProp.getMappedForm();
+        if (!mappedForm.isUnique() || columnNames.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        List<Column> keyList = new ArrayList<>(columnNames.size());
+        columnNames.forEach(name -> keyList.add(new Column(name)));
+        if (mappedForm.isUniqueWithinGroup()) {

Review Comment:
   `amount unique: 'fee'` where `fee` is another composite property still goes 
through a helper that resolves one column per group property. An explicit 
multi-column mapping throws `Cannot treat multi-column property as a 
single-column property`. A default mapping names a column that does not exist.
   
   Expand each group property to all of its bound columns in the same unique 
key. Please cover a composite property unique within another composite property.



##########
grails-data-hibernate7/core/src/main/groovy/org/grails/orm/hibernate/cfg/domainbinding/binder/CompositeUserTypeBinder.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+/*
+ *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ *  or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ *  distributed with this work for additional information
+ *  regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ *  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ *  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ *  with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ *  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ *  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ *  KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ *  specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ *  under the License.
+ */
+package org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.binder;
+
+import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+
+import org.hibernate.MappingException;
+import org.hibernate.boot.spi.MetadataBuildingContext;
+import org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.BasicValue;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.Column;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.Component;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.PersistentClass;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.Property;
+import org.hibernate.mapping.Table;
+import 
org.hibernate.property.access.internal.PropertyAccessStrategyCompositeUserTypeImpl;
+import org.hibernate.property.access.spi.PropertyAccessStrategy;
+import org.hibernate.usertype.CompositeUserType;
+import org.jspecify.annotations.NonNull;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
+import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
+
+import org.grails.datastore.mapping.model.config.GormProperties;
+import org.grails.datastore.mapping.reflect.ClassPropertyFetcher;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.ColumnConfig;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.GrailsHibernateUtil;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.PersistentEntityNamingStrategy;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.PropertyConfig;
+import 
org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.hibernate.HibernatePersistentProperty;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.util.BackticksRemover;
+import 
org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.util.ColumnNameForPropertyAndPathFetcher;
+import org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.util.CreateKeyForProps;
+import 
org.grails.orm.hibernate.cfg.domainbinding.util.DefaultColumnNameFetcher;
+
+/**
+ * Binds a property mapped with a Hibernate {@link CompositeUserType} as a 
{@link Component}.
+ * <p>
+ * Hibernate resolves the type of a {@link BasicValue} as a {@link 
org.hibernate.type.BasicType} or a
+ * {@link org.hibernate.usertype.UserType} only. A composite user type spans 
one column per attribute of its
+ * {@linkplain CompositeUserType#embeddable() embeddable class}, so it is a 
component whose type name is the
+ * user type, as Hibernate binds a {@link 
org.hibernate.annotations.CompositeType}: one property per attribute,
+ * in alphabetical attribute order, read through {@link 
CompositeUserType#getPropertyValue(Object, int)} with the
+ * index of the attribute in that order and assembled through
+ * {@link 
CompositeUserType#instantiate(org.hibernate.metamodel.spi.ValueAccess)}. The 
columns of the property
+ * mapping are assigned to the attributes in the same order; an attribute 
without a configured column is named
+ * after the property and the attribute. The component class is the 
{@linkplain CompositeUserType#returnedClass()
+ * value class} of the user type, not its embeddable class. A unique property 
has one unique key across all of its
+ * columns, together with the columns of its uniqueness group, rather than a 
unique key per column.
+ *
+ * @since 8.0.1
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("PMD.DataflowAnomalyAnalysis")
+public class CompositeUserTypeBinder {
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(CompositeUserTypeBinder.class);
+    private static final String UNDERSCORE = "_";
+
+    private final MetadataBuildingContext metadataBuildingContext;
+    private final PersistentEntityNamingStrategy namingStrategy;
+    private final ColumnConfigToColumnBinder columnConfigToColumnBinder;
+    private final ColumnBinder columnBinder;
+    private final CreateKeyForProps createKeyForProps;
+    private final BackticksRemover backticksRemover;
+
+    public CompositeUserTypeBinder(
+            MetadataBuildingContext metadataBuildingContext,
+            PersistentEntityNamingStrategy namingStrategy,
+            JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment) {
+        this(
+                metadataBuildingContext,
+                namingStrategy,
+                new ColumnConfigToColumnBinder(),
+                new ColumnBinder(namingStrategy, jdbcEnvironment.getDialect()),
+                new CreateKeyForProps(new ColumnNameForPropertyAndPathFetcher(
+                        namingStrategy, new 
DefaultColumnNameFetcher(namingStrategy), new BackticksRemover())),
+                new BackticksRemover());
+    }
+
+    protected CompositeUserTypeBinder(
+            MetadataBuildingContext metadataBuildingContext,
+            PersistentEntityNamingStrategy namingStrategy,
+            ColumnConfigToColumnBinder columnConfigToColumnBinder,
+            ColumnBinder columnBinder,
+            CreateKeyForProps createKeyForProps,
+            BackticksRemover backticksRemover) {
+        this.metadataBuildingContext = metadataBuildingContext;
+        this.namingStrategy = namingStrategy;
+        this.columnConfigToColumnBinder = columnConfigToColumnBinder;
+        this.columnBinder = columnBinder;
+        this.createKeyForProps = createKeyForProps;
+        this.backticksRemover = backticksRemover;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Binds the property as a component of its composite user type.
+     *
+     * @param property the property, mapped with a composite user type
+     * @param parentProperty the embedded property that holds the property, or 
{@code null}
+     * @param path the path of the property within its entity
+     * @return the component
+     * @throws MappingException when the property maps more columns than its 
embeddable class has attributes
+     */
+    public Component bindCompositeUserType(
+            @NonNull HibernatePersistentProperty property,
+            HibernatePersistentProperty parentProperty,
+            String path) {
+        PersistentClass owner = property.getPersistentClass();
+        Class<? extends CompositeUserType<?>> userTypeClass = 
property.getCompositeUserType();
+        if (userTypeClass == null) {
+            throw new MappingException("Property [" + property.getName() + "] 
of class [" + owner.getClassName() +
+                    "] is not mapped with a " + 
CompositeUserType.class.getSimpleName());
+        }
+        CompositeUserType<?> userType = instantiate(userTypeClass);
+        Class<?> embeddable = userType.embeddable();
+        PropertyConfig propertyConfig = property.getHibernateMappedForm();
+        Table table = property.getTable();
+
+        Component component = new Component(metadataBuildingContext, owner);
+        component.setRoleName(GrailsHibernateUtil.qualify(
+                property.getHibernateOwner().getJavaClass().getName(), 
property.getNameForPropertyAndPath(path)));
+        component.setTypeName(userTypeClass.getName());
+        // The component describes the value class, as Hibernate's own binding 
of a composite type does: the
+        // embeddable class only supplies the attributes, so whole-value 
queries and parameters see the value class.
+        component.setComponentClassName(userType.returnedClass().getName());
+
+        Properties typeParams = propertyConfig.getTypeParams();
+        if (typeParams != null && !typeParams.isEmpty()) {
+            LOG.warn("Property [{}] of class [{}] sets typeParams, which 
Hibernate does not pass to the composite " +
+                    "user type [{}]", property.getName(), 
owner.getClassName(), userTypeClass.getName());
+        }
+
+        List<Attribute> attributes = attributesOf(embeddable);
+        List<ColumnConfig> columns = 
Optional.ofNullable(propertyConfig.getColumns()).orElseGet(List::of);
+        if (columns.size() > attributes.size()) {
+            throw new MappingException(String.format(
+                    "Property [%s] of class [%s] maps %d columns, but the 
embeddable class [%s] of its composite " +
+                            "user type [%s] has %d attributes: %s",
+                    property.getName(), owner.getClassName(), columns.size(), 
embeddable.getName(),
+                    userTypeClass.getName(), attributes.size(), 
attributes.stream().map(Attribute::name).toList()));
+        }
+
+        List<String> attributeNames = new ArrayList<>(attributes.size());
+        List<Type> attributeTypes = new ArrayList<>(attributes.size());
+        List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>(attributes.size());
+        PropertyAccessStrategy accessStrategy =
+                new PropertyAccessStrategyCompositeUserTypeImpl(userType, 
attributeNames, attributeTypes);
+        for (int i = 0; i < attributes.size(); i++) {
+            Attribute attribute = attributes.get(i);
+            ColumnConfig columnConfig = withName(
+                    i < columns.size() ? columns.get(i) : null, 
defaultColumnName(property, path, attribute.name()));
+
+            BasicValue value = new BasicValue(metadataBuildingContext, table);
+            value.setTypeUsingReflection(embeddable.getName(), 
attribute.name());
+
+            Column column = new Column();
+            columnConfigToColumnBinder.bindColumnConfigToColumn(column, 
columnConfig, propertyConfig);
+            columnBinder.bindColumnWithoutUniqueness(
+                    property, parentProperty, column, columnConfig, path, 
table, userTypeClass.getName());
+            if (table != null) {
+                table.addColumn(column);
+            }
+            value.addColumn(column);
+            columnNames.add(column.getName());

Review Comment:
   `column.getName()` drops quoting. `createKeyForColumns` then builds new 
unquoted `Column` objects. A unique composite property whose columns are 
quoted, mixed-case, or reserved words gets a unique key on different 
identifiers, or invalid SQL.
   
   Keep the original column objects, or collect `getQuotedName()`. Please add a 
regression with a quoted or reserved-word column name and assert the unique-key 
DDL uses that name.



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