Greg,
I don't think you can translate the construct relationship as 'simple ones in
Judah' as you attempt. Where the Qumran author(s) intend a geographical
location this is specified through the particle beth. Thus in 4QTestimonia
I:27 you have the clearly geographical reference "...horrible thing in Ephraim
(b'prym) and in Judah (byhwdh)." More specifically in 4QpPsB II:6,10 twice the
author refers to the "men of the scoffer who are in Jerusalem" ('sr byrwslym).
Had the Qumran author wished to suggest such a thing as the "simple ones in
Judah", i.e. as a geographical expression, he could simply have written pt'ym
byhwdh, a simple plural form followed by beth etc., or used asher, rather than
a more obscure reference using the construct state.
I do agree, however, that care needs to be taken to ensure a difference
between the subset and the larger group. In your example from 4QpPsA it seems
clear that 'the ruthless ones of the covenant' are a subset as it were of the
House of Judah, rather than the House of Judah itself (which is not 'wicked'
or 'ruthless'). I would interpret 'simple ones of Judah' similarly, i.e. as a
subset of the 'Judah' group. Indeed my own research argues that the simple
ones of Judah are synonymous with those who are led astray by the Man of
Falsehood elsewhere in the pesharim.
Regards etc.
Marcus Wood
Dept of Theology
University of Durham
Greg Doudna wrote:
>
> This is said a lot but I don't know where in 1QpHab that would be.
> At 8.1 you have 'all the doers of the law in the house of Judah'.
> That is BBYT YHWDH (with a B- preposition). The
> 'doers of the law' would be the sect. They are present in Judah
> (B-, 'in' Judah), just as the Wicked Priest and Jerusalem
> are also present in Judah, in the world of Pesher Habakkuk
> (12.7-9).
>
> At 12.4 there is 'the simple ones of Judah, the doers of the law'.
> Here there are two 'righteous group terms' in apposition.
> The first expression, 'the simple ones of Judah', PT'Y YHWDH
> is a construct expression in which 'Judah' modifies 'simple ones'.
> It is a statement of location, saying that these 'simple ones'
> (who are also doers of the law) are in Judah. It is not saying
> they are 'Judah'. For that you need to find the word 'Judah'
> in apposition to a righteous group term, not in construct.
> PT'Y is grammatically a construct expression, not a noun
> in absolute form followed by 'Judah' which would be
> apposition suggesting identity of nature.
> Compare 4QpPsA 1-10 ii 14, 'ruthless
> ones of the covenant who are in the house of Judah', etc.,
> same point. That is not calling the wicked ones 'the house
> of Judah'.
For private reply, e-mail to marcusemwood <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
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