http://www.upi.com/International_Security/Emerging_Threats/Analysis/2007/12/
12/
analysis_india_intel_fails_to_halt_terror/3715/

Analysis: India intel fails to halt terror


Published: Dec. 12, 2007 at 11:21 AM


By KUSHAL JEENA
UPI Correspondent
NEW DELHI, Dec. 12 (UPI) -- India says its state intelligence departments
are not equipped to take on terrorism following failures that have put their
efficiency in doubt.

"The repeated intelligence failures of SIDs have put their efficiency in
handling terrorism in doubt," said Interior Minister Shivraj Patil.

Patil said officials in the state intelligence departments should be
retained for sufficient periods and given incentives to improve the bodies'
functioning. SIDs were criticized following the serial bomb blasts at courts
in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and others across the nation.

"Intelligence collection of all state agencies is not at fault. But the
problem lies with human intelligence gathering, which is believed to be more
accurate and requires skill," said Nikhil Kumar, an intelligence expert and
former head of the National Security Guard, an elite national security
agency.

The state intelligence agencies, however, have argued they don't have a
dedicated staff and are running short of funds. They are viewed as places to
dump reluctant officials.

According to a federal Interior Ministry official, the government is
thinking of formulating a comprehensive action plan to rejuvenate the state
intelligence departments to equip them with modern gadgets, adequate funding
and a proper and effective staff. The draft action plan is expected to be
deliberated upon Dec. 20 when Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is expected to
chair a meeting of state chief ministers to discuss issues relating to
internal security and the functioning of state intelligence departments.

The Interior Ministry set up an inter-ministerial group on security-related
issues within the ministry. The group was assigned the task of formulating a
plan to tackle terrorism. The group, which held its fifth meeting Tuesday,
reportedly drafted a plan that is expected to be presented before the chief
minister-level meeting. 

Factors affecting the motivation and performance of the state intelligence
departments are a lack of continuity in tenures, absence of executive powers
and negligible recognition in society. The Interior Ministry has advised
state governments to grant longer tenures to officials so they can cultivate
informers and sharpen intelligence gathering.

"The officials at the state intelligence departments have not been working
effectively. In fact, they are apathetic to their responsibilities and
duties. Their source of intelligence-gathering is local police," said Ajai
Sahani, executive director of Center for Conflict Management, a
non-governmental organization that deals with security and terrorism-related
matters.

Sahani said increasing the numbers of officials in state intelligence
agencies would not help improve their functioning, as what matters in
intelligence is the quality and dedication of the officials, not their
numbers. Generally, officials in SIDs are given a term of three years and in
many cases they were transferred even before completing their terms due to
political pressure. A parliamentary standing committee attached to the
Interior Ministry in its report suggested that a term of at least five years
should be given to the officials.

"What we need is to develop the concept of double-agents, which is not much
in use. We need to expand our telephone and e-mail-interrupt systems and
integrate them with the intelligence gathering and the investigating
agencies," said Y.P. Singh, a former officer of the Indian Police Service.

There is a lack of trust between the federal and state intelligence agencies
and police. This sometime leads to a serious clash among them. In a few
cases where central intelligence agencies try to plant a mole in a terrorist
outfit or insurgent group, police arrest the mole. The police argued that
intelligence agencies do not give them prior information about their plans.

India has a four-tier intelligence setup, which includes special branches
with local police, state intelligence departments, the Intelligence Bureau
at the national-level and Research and Analysis Wing, responsible for
foreign intelligence. All these agencies have a common grievance that their
successes are not acknowledged while failures are magnified.




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