Robert, I changed the subject line to emphasize the word element, Which is Peirce's own word for the constituents of the phaneron. In fact, the word element, which occurs over 800 times in CP, is one of Peirce's favorite words. He replaced the term speculative grammar with Stechiology (from the Greek stoicheia for elements). But stechiology does not discover elements; it is the practice of naming and organizing the elements that have already been discovered.That passage you quoted is important: CSP: an obvious principle which is as purely a priori as a principle well can be, since it is involved in the very idea of the Phaneron as containing constituents of which some are logically unanalyzable and others analyzable, promptly reduces that subjective possibility to an absurdity. I mean the principle that whatever is logically involved in an ingredient of the Phaneron is itself an ingredient of the Phaneron; for it is in the mind even though it be only implicitly so. (EP2:364) Another important quotation that explicitly uses the word element: CSP: Phenomenology is that branch of science which is treated in Hegels Phenomenologie des Geistes (a work far too inaccurate to be recommended to any but mature scholars, though perhaps the most profound ever written) in which the author seeks to make out what are the elements, or, if you please, the kinds of elements, that are invariably present in whatever is, in any sense, in mind. (EP 2:267, 1903) The categories and hypoicons, the foundation for semeiotic, are derived from the phaneron by applying the three branches of pure mathematics: formal logic; discrete mathematics (arithmetic, graphs, and discrete sets); and continuous mathematics (geometry, topology, and uncountable sets). We must also distinguish the term formal logic, which occurs 119 times in CP, from logic proper, which occurs just 7 times in CP. DeMorgan coined the term formal logic, and Peirce adopted it for every logic notation developed by himself or others. Note its importance: CSP: The little that I have contributed to pragmatism (or, for that matter, to any other department of philosophy), has been entirely the fruit of this outgrowth from formal logic, and is worth much more than the small sum total of the rest of my work, as time will show. (CP 5.469, R318, 1907) CSP: My trichotomy is plainly of the family stock of Hegels three stages of thought, an idea that goes back to Kant, and I know not how much further. But the arbitrariness of Hegels procedure, utterly unavoidable at the time he lived, and presumably, in less degree, unavoidable now, or at any future date, is in great measure avoided by my taking care never to miss the solid support of mathematically exact formal logic beneath my feet.... (EP 2:428, R318, 1907) Summary: Phaneroscopy without formal logic is Hegelism. John
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