Why on earth would you think, even using your own analysis, that words not acted on are less significant than deeds; that the work building a building across the way is LESS significant than you class room lecture? ellen starbird >Ricardo writes notes that I wrote > that depending on one's definitions one >may separate >thought and language. That's true, but some definitions are closer to the >truth than others. Even if we define thinking per se as something that >"occurs within an individual's brain" (a very liberal view, I might add) >such private thinking still requires the use of language. < > >What's a different, and more accurate, definition of thinking than the one >I provided? What's a non-liberal definition of thinking? Why was my >(admittedly incomplete) definition of thinking liberal? do we reject all >things liberal? > >> Just try thinking without words. Chess too involves language; how can you >play (think) without knowing the rules (words, symbols) of chess?< > >This misses the point. Thinking -- including that involved with >chess-playing -- definitely _uses_ words, so that thinking _without_ words >is probably impossible. But that doesn't mean that language is the only >tool that thinking uses, which would make thinking and language well-nigh >identical. In fact, I bet that if one doesn't use language to define the >spatial relationships between the pieces on the chessboard, it makes it >easier to play chess. ("the white King is at Queen Knight's third, there's >a friendly pawn immediately past it, etc., etc.) > >In addition to words, our minds use intuition, spacial vision, etc. Just >as, according to Howard Gardner, there are 8 kinds of intelligence, the >mind is multi-dimensional. It can't be reduced to one dimension, such as >language. > >> No words can be expressed without thinking; all words carry meaning. It >is just that some people think little when they talk. < > >I agree. But there's more going on that simply thinking. > >>I agree that ideas which are not put into action have little effect on >history. But this does not mean that you can separate actions from words; >it simply means that some ideas are put into actions whereas others are not. < > >I agree with this. > >In addition, a clarifying note: the expression of words (on paper or in >speech or electronically) is a kind of action (social practice). There are, >however, some types of action that are more important in terms of their >impact on the historical process than others. My lecturing in the >classroom, for example, is less important than the work being done outside >my office window (at this moment) digging the foundation for a new building. > >in pen-l solidarity, > >Jim Devine [EMAIL PROTECTED] >http://clawww.lmu.edu/fall%201997/ECON/jdevine.html >Econ. Dept., Loyola Marymount Univ. >7900 Loyola Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90045-8410 USA >310/338-2948 (daytime, during workweek); FAX: 310/338-1950 >"Segui il tuo corso, e lascia dir le genti." (Go your own way >and let people talk.) -- K. Marx, paraphrasing Dante A.