Having said in an earlier post that it is unlikely that there will be a plunge of the dollar or of any other of the big three currencies (what constitutes a plunge is obviously a matter of debate), let me note that it is not totally impossible. Indeed, in Chapter 16 of the 1991 edition of my _From Catastrophe to Chaos: A General Theory of Economic Discontinuities_ I discussed exactly such a case involving the dollar and a possible European currency. My discussion actually drew on some work of Paul Krugman, one of the places where he actually did something more or less original. The story is that it is not hard to have nonlinear demand curves for currencies with multiple equilibria resulting. Thus, it is possible for the system to jump discontinuously from one basin of attraction to another at a certain point, with the result being a very sudden and sharp change in the relative values of the currencies. The obvious mechanism in this case would be a sudden shift from using the dollar as a major reserve currency and/or medium of exchange for international trade transactions to using the euro. However, I do not think such a shift is likely at this time. Possible, but not very likely. So, I think we are more likely to see the usual "swinging" behavior. The euro went down, too far down, so now it will go up again, too far up. BTW, although I am giving credit to Krugman, it was Alfred Marshall who first posited the possibility of multiple equilibria in foreign exchange rate models. Barkley Rosser Professor of Economics MSC 0204 James Madison University Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA website: http://cob.jmu.edu/rosserjb also Incoming Editor, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization MSC 5505 James Madison University Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA journal email address (can submit papers there) [EMAIL PROTECTED]