Obama called Kim's son a few weeks ago, on Father's Day, after he heard that the son did not want to move to Washington DC. He wanted to stay at Dartmouth with his friends. Obama said he'd be there for him to talk to during this rough transition. Kim is way too close to imperial power. His history as a progressive is checkered, as a Marxist it is nowhere. He domesticates Paulo Freire who he claims lineage to. This is the same with Farmer. They both trumpet a praxis of charity care with social justice. . .and the version of social justice is not Marx. http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/jim-yong-kim-will-face-the-world-banks-culture-of-economists-lets-hope-it-wont-be-pretty/2012/06/29/gJQAKkbyBW_story_1.html Jim Yong Kim will face the World Bank’s culture of economists. Let’s hope it won’t be pretty. By Galit A. Sarfaty The Washington Post Published: June 29, 2012 | Updated: Sunday, July 1, 2012 The World Bank is facing an identity crisis that threatens its mission of poverty reduction. And that identity wears the suit of an economist. Jim Yong Kim, a doctor and anthropologist who took office as the Bank’s newly elected president on July 1, will soon see what I mean. The World Bank’s organization is so top heavy with economists that a culture has developed where quantity trumps quality and the measurable trumps the effective. And what the Bank has lost in this calculus is the protection of human rights. Human rights are inextricably linked to the Bank’s mission and critical for the agency’s legitimacy, and yet internal obstacle after internal obstacle has marginalized the issue. In order for the Bank to effectively respond to pressing development challenges abroad, Kim must first show leadership on this challenge at home. If Kim gets it right, the collision between new Bank leader and old Bank culture won’t be pretty—but it will set in motion the only organizational shift that could make the World Bank successful at reducing poverty worldwide. No, it won’t be pretty. And it also won’t be easy. A major institutional obstacle is the staff incentive system that emphasizes lending targets rather than results on the ground. Staff members are not held accountable for the detrimental social and environmental effects a loan can have long term on communities. Currently, rather than being promoted based on the quality of their projects’ effectiveness, World Bank employees are instead rewarded based on the sheer quantity of loans they get approved. Another internal obstacle is a clash between experts within the organization. While the 10,000-plus employees come from a variety of professional groups, it is the economists who dominate the Bank—not in terms of their numbers, but in terms of their status within the hierarchy. Economists are often appointed to the top management positions and are considered the intellectual leaders of the institution. As a result, non-economists have struggled to elevate issues such as human rights that cannot be easily quantified. Based on more than 70 interviews with Bank officials and fieldwork over a span of four years, I found that many employees do not treat the protection of human rights as a valued priority but rather as a costly burden that inhibits the Bank’s business of lending. Yet for an institution committed to poverty reduction, it is unacceptable that the Bank has done so little in the area of human rights. If the Bank finances projects that hinder the rights of the vulnerable in a country (the Yacyretá dam project, for instance, forcibly displaced over 50,000 people in Argentina and Paraguay) or channels investments to state governments that do so, the Bank harms its own reputation and relevance as a global leader in fighting poverty. Not to mention, it compromises the outcomes of its projects. Despite the Bank’s rhetoric that protecting human rights is critical for development, its employees do not consistently take human rights into consideration in lending. Many employees even consider it taboo to discuss the topic in everyday conversation. One World Bank lawyer I spoke with described a dilemma he faced in Swaziland, which has one of the world’s worst AIDS problems and also one of its most repressive regimes. Should the Bank stop lending to the country because it unfairly locked up 500 dissidents, even if that would mean closing down its AIDS project, which was significantly helping its poor population? This is a difficult question, and one that World Bank employees currently are not trained to answer. Human rights education among staff would be a necessary first step before this issue could even be integrated into operations. To be clear, pursuing a human rights strategy at the Bank does not mean turning the institution into a human rights enforcement agency. We are not talking about changing the World Bank’s mission, we are talking about how to fulfill it—and this means helping a country’s citizens gain the both the economic and social capacity to emerge from poverty. The marginality of human rights at the Bank is due not only to bureaucratic obstacles but also to an intransigent board of executive directors. Board members have argued that human rights is a political consideration that is restricted under the Bank’s articles of agreement, which only permit economic considerations. Yet the line between what is considered “economic” or “political” is not so black and white. In fact, the Bank currently works on such issues as legal and judicial reform that were once considered too “political” under a strict interpretation of the articles. Challenging the board to enhance institutional accountability and dismantling bureaucratic relics such as the employee incentive system are just two of the opportunities Kim has to revive leadership at the Bank. It’s time to reform preconceived notions of development to include social as well as economic dimensions, and the World Bank is the right place—and perhaps only place—that can lead this change. Galit A. Sarfaty, a lawyer and anthropologist, is an assistant professor at the Faculty of Law at the University of British Columbia. Her book, Values in Translation: Human Rights and the Culture of the World Bank, was recently published by Stanford University Press.
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