Thanks for the new patch.  As a general note, please be sure to run
pgindent on patches.  My review is still rather surface-level, sorry.

On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 02:04:11PM -0400, Greg Burd wrote:
> -     id_attrs = RelationGetIndexAttrBitmap(relation,
> -                                                                             
>   INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_IDENTITY_KEY);
> [...]
> +     rid_attrs = RelationGetIndexAttrBitmap(relation, 
> INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_IDENTITY_KEY);

I'm nitpicking, but it took me a while to parse the
replica-identity-related code in heap_update() until I discovered that this
variable was renamed.  I think we ought to leave the name alone.

>       /*
>        * At this point newbuf and buffer are both pinned and locked, and 
> newbuf
> -      * has enough space for the new tuple.  If they are the same buffer, 
> only
> -      * one pin is held.
> +      * has enough space for the new tuple so we can use the HOT update path 
> if
> +      * the caller determined that it is allowable.
> +      *
> +      * NOTE: If newbuf == buffer then only one pin is held.
>        */
> -
>       if (newbuf == buffer)

Sorry, more nitpicks.  In addition to the unnecessary removal of the blank
line, I'm not sure the changes to this comment are needed.

> -     /*
> -      * If it is a HOT update, the update may still need to update summarized
> -      * indexes, lest we fail to update those summaries and get incorrect
> -      * results (for example, minmax bounds of the block may change with this
> -      * update).
> -      */
> -     if (use_hot_update)
> -     {
> -             if (summarized_update)
> -                     *update_indexes = TU_Summarizing;
> -             else
> -                     *update_indexes = TU_None;
> -     }
> -     else
> -             *update_indexes = TU_All;

So, the "HOT but still need to update summarized indexes" code has been
moved from heap_update() to HeapUpdateHotAllowable(), which is called by
heap_update()'s callers (i.e., simple_heap_update() and
heapam_tuple_update()).  That looks correct to me at a glance.

> -simple_heap_update(Relation relation, const ItemPointerData *otid, HeapTuple 
> tup,
> +simple_heap_update(Relation relation, const ItemPointerData *otid, HeapTuple 
> tuple,

nitpick: This variable name change looks unnecessary.

> @@ -944,8 +946,13 @@ ExecSimpleRelationUpdate(ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
>               if (rel->rd_rel->relispartition)
>                       ExecPartitionCheck(resultRelInfo, slot, estate, true);
>  
> +             modified_idx_attrs = ExecUpdateModifiedIdxAttrs(resultRelInfo,
> +                                                                             
>                                 estate, searchslot, slot);
> +
>               simple_table_tuple_update(rel, tid, slot, estate->es_snapshot,
> -                                                               
> &update_indexes);
> +                                                               
> modified_idx_attrs, &update_indexes);
> +             bms_free(modified_idx_attrs);

I don't know how constructive of a comment this is, but this change in
particular seems quite out of place.  It feels odd to me that we expect
callers of simple_table_tuple_update() to determine the
modified-index-attributes.  I guess I'm confused why this work doesn't
belong one level down, i.e., in the tuple_update function.

> - *   INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_SUMMARIZED    Columns included in summarizing indexes
> + *   INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_INDEXED               Columns referenced by indexes
> + *   INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_SUMMARIZED    Columns only included in summarizing 
> indexes

> -     Bitmapset  *summarizedattrs;    /* columns with summarizing indexes */
> +     Bitmapset  *indexedattrs;       /* columns referenced by indexes */
> +     Bitmapset  *summarizedattrs;    /* columns only in summarizing indexes 
> */

As before, the comment changes for the summarized-attr-related stuff seem
unnecessary.

>               if (indexDesc->rd_indam->amsummarizing)
>                       attrs = &summarizedattrs;
>               else
> -                     attrs = &hotblockingattrs;
> +                     attrs = &indexedattrs;

> +     /*
> +      * Record what attributes are only referenced by summarizing indexes. 
> Then
> +      * add that into the other indexed attributes to track all referenced
> +      * attributes.
> +      */
> +     summarizedattrs = bms_del_members(summarizedattrs, indexedattrs);
> +     indexedattrs = bms_add_members(indexedattrs, summarizedattrs);

The difference between hotblockingattrs and indexedattrs seems quite
subtle.  Am I understanding correctly that indexedattrs is essentially just
hotblockingattrs + summarizedattrs?  And that this is all meant for
INDEX_ATTR_BITMAP_INDEXED?

-    INJECTION_POINT("heap_update-before-pin", NULL);
+    INJECTION_POINT("simple_heap_update-before-pin", NULL);

Why was this changed in heap_update()?

-- 
nathan


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