>For a class I am taking (Applied Linguistics) the class has just been
>given an assignment from a guest lecturer involving python and the
>Natural Language Toolkit (NTLK). I need to do the work on my Xubuntu
>14.04 laptop, as I have no computers with any kind of current Windows.

Here are my thoughts starting from the probable easiest...

Option 1:
---------
I see that Ken Stephens has already suggested checking to see if 
your upstream distribution (Fedora, OpenSUSE, Ubuntu) has 
packaged NLTK already.  (In my own stock upstream, I did not find 
the NLTK packaged.)

Possible downside:  Might be a slightly older version of the NLTK 
package.

Option 2:
---------
See if there's a third-party repository published for your 
distribution that has the python-nltk package:

  http://software.opensuse.org/package/python-nltk?search_term=python-nltk
  http://packages.ubuntu.com/uk/trusty/all/python-nltk/download

Possible downside:  Might be a slightly older version of the NLTK 
package.

Option 3:
---------
Use pip.  Yes, Python is a programming language.  Python has tools 
that support downloading, installing and managing different Python 
packages directly from PyPi.  The standard tool at the moment is 
called 'pip' for Python install packages (I think).

The pip tool itself may already be installed on your system.  If not 
it is VERY likely to be available via your usual package manager.  
So, if you try typing "pip --help" and you get a command-not-found 
error, then try using your usual package manager tool to install 
'python-pip' or 'python3-pip'.

Possible downside:  Your system-management tools, like rpm or dkpg 
will not know about the installation.

Oh, yes, and another item about the reference to 'data'.  The NLTK 
itself is software, but the project also has put a great deal of 
effort into independently versioned data sets that can be used by 
the software.  So, I'd suggest the following:

  Step 1:  Install python-nltk (or python3-nltk).
  Step 2:  Find the data corpus.

Good luck,

-Martin

-- 
Martin A. Brown
http://linux-ip.net/
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