Wasn't a compiler problem. I built gcc 4.6.3 at my home directory and 
rebuilt sage. The problem persisted. 

The problem is very similar to what Dmitrii described here:

https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!msg/sage-devel/Gj3cbdcPqKo/ROV39CTFbI4J

The problem is that my home directory is:

/files3/home/sahosse/

but I only have execution permission to the directory "home": 

[sahosse@msx0 ~]$ ls -ld /files3/home
drwx--x--x 192 root msstaff 4096 Feb 15 13:23 /files3/home
[sahosse@msx0 ~]$ ls -l /files3/home
ls: /files3/home: Permission denied

Off course I have access to my home directory but (directory) function of 
ecl always return NIL as long as "home" appears in the path of the 
requested directory, which means it fails on my entire home directory:

[sahosse@msx0 ~]$ ~/sage/local/bin/ecl
ECL (Embeddable Common-Lisp) 11.1.1 (git:UNKNOWN)
Copyright (C) 1984 Taiichi Yuasa and Masami Hagiya
Copyright (C) 1993 Giuseppe Attardi
Copyright (C) 2000 Juan J. Garcia-Ripoll
ECL is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; see file 'Copyright' for details.
Type :h for Help.  
Top level.
> (directory "/*")

(#P"/.autorelabel" #P"/.autofsck" #P"/.rnd")
> (directory "/files3/*")

NIL
> (directory "/files3/home/sahosse/*")

NIL
> (directory "/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/*")

(#P"/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/spkg-install~" 
#P"/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/spkg-install"
 #P"/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/.hgtags" #P"/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/.hgignore"
 #P"/tmp/maxima-5.23.2.p3/spkg-dist")

So, for the ecl step of maxima to be successful, I copied the maxima 
package directory to /tmp , run the rest of the script there, then 
commented Maxima out from the install script in spkg:

Build finished.  The built documents can be found in 
/files3/home/sahosse/sage/devel/sage/doc/output/html/ru/tutorial
[sahosse@msx0 sage]$ sage
----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Sage Version 4.8, Release Date: 2012-01-20                         |
| Type notebook() for the GUI, and license() for information.        |
----------------------------------------------------------------------
sage: maxima(1+1)
2

This is a bug of ecl and they need to fix it. It seems to me a poor 
implementation of directory function that can not handle such a common 
permission situation. I do not know how to report bug to ecl, but if sb 
knows please do. It is easily reproducible and I checked and it persists in 
the latest stable (12.2.1).

בתאריך יום שני, 5 במרס 2012 20:31:20 UTC-7, מאת Dima Pasechnik:
>
> Well, I don't see what goes wrong there (except that the compiler you 
> use is so outdated that surely Sage is not tested with it --- version 
> alone does not say this, as the same version on MacOSX is a different 
> beast). You mention "people talking about this error on Lion". 
> Any links to any posts/forums on this? 
>
> I guess it is an ECL bug (or feature :)). I'll cc'in this to the ECL 
> list, just in case they are aware of these issues. 
>
>
>
> On Mar 5, 1:26 pm, "syd.lavas...@gmail.com" <syd.lavas...@gmail.com> 
> wrote: 
> > Hello Dmitrii, 
> > 
> > Thank you very much for looking to my case. 
> > 
> > I have uploaded it here, good luck with this 90Mb file: 
> > 
> > http://payamban.com/install.log 
> > 
> > Moreover, maybe this information is also useful: 
> > 
> > ~/sage $ cat /etc/redhat-release 
> > Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga) 
> > ~/sage $ gcc --version 
> > gcc (GCC) 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-52) 
> > Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
> > This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is 
> NO 
> > warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
> PURPOSE. 
> > 
> > Thank you very much. 
> > 
> > Cheers, 
> > Syd 
> > 
> > בתאריך יום שישי, 2 במרס 2012 19:43:14 UTC-7, מאת Dima Pasechnik: 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > > Please make sure to follow this part of the instruction: 
> > 
> > > "and including the relevant part of the log file 
> > >   /files3/home/sahosse/sage/spkg/logs/maxima-5.23.2.p3.log 
> > > Describe your computer, operating system, etc. " 
> > 
> > > All one can see from your report so far that your Linux kernel is kind 
> > > of old. We do not see at all what e.g. your compiler is, or what 
> > > flavour of Linux you're running. 
> > 
> > > Could you perhaps upload the complete install.log somewhere and post a 
> > > link to it here? 
> > > Thanks, 
> > > Dmitrii 
> > 
> > > On Mar 2, 5:03 pm, "syd.lavas...@gmail.com" <syd.lavas...@gmail.com> 
> > > wrote: 
> > > > Hi there, 
> > 
> > > > I saw people talking about this error on Lion. But this machine is 
> > > > linux, so it might be a new error. 
> > 
> > > > uname - a 
> > > > Linux msx0 2.6.18-274.12.1.el5 #1 SMP Tue Nov 8 21:37:35 EST 2011 
> > > > x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 
> > 
> > > > Error Log: 
> > > > ;;; OPTIMIZE levels: Safety=2, Space=0, Speed=3, Debug=0 
> > > > ;;; 
> > > > ;;; End of Pass 1. 
> > > > ;;; Note: 
> > > > ;;;   Invoking external command: 
> > > > ;;;   gcc -I. -I/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/include/ -I/files3/ 
> > > > home/sahosse/sage/local/include -I/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/ 
> > > > include -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -g -O2 -fPIC -Dlinux 
> -O2 - 
> > > > w -c /tmp/ecl001ff18EH.c -o /tmp/ecl001ff18EH.o 
> > > > An error occurred during initialization: 
> > > > Component "maxima" not found. 
> > > > ;;; Note: 
> > > > ;;;   Invoking external command: 
> > > > ;;;   gcc -o /tmp/ecl001ff18EH.fas 
> -L/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/ 
> > > > lib/ /tmp/ecl001ff18EH.o 
> -Wl,--rpath,/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/ 
> > > > lib/ -shared -L/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/lib -L/files3/home/ 
> > > > sahosse/sage/local/lib 
> -Wl,--rpath,/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/lib 
> > > > -L/files3/home/sahosse/sage/local/lib -lecl -lgmp -lgc -ldl -lm 
> > > > *********************************************************** 
> > > > Error: Failed to build Maxima as an ECL library. 
> > > > *********************************************************** 
> > 
> > > > real    3m59.112s 
> > > > user    3m22.988s 
> > > > sys     0m28.888s 
> > > > 
> ************************************************************************ 
> > > > Error installing package maxima-5.23.2.p3 
> > > > 
> ************************************************************************ 
> > > > Please email sage-devel (http://groups.google.com/group/sage-devel) 
> > > > explaining the problem and including the relevant part of the log 
> file 
> > > >   /files3/home/sahosse/sage/spkg/logs/maxima-5.23.2.p3.log 
> > > > Describe your computer, operating system, etc. 
> > > > If you want to try to fix the problem yourself, *don't* just cd to 
> > > > /files3/home/sahosse/sage/spkg/build/maxima-5.23.2.p3 and type 
> 'make' 
> > > > or whatever is appropriate. 
> > > > Instead, the following commands setup all environment variables 
> > > > correctly and load a subshell for you to debug the error: 
> > > >   (cd '/files3/home/sahosse/sage/spkg/build/maxima-5.23.2.p3' && '/ 
> > > > files3/home/sahosse/sage/sage' -sh) 
> > > > When you are done debugging, you can type "exit" to leave the 
> > > > subshell. 
> > > > 
> ************************************************************************ 
> > > > make[1]: *** [installed/maxima-5.23.2.p3] Error 1 
> > > > make[1]: Leaving directory `/files3/home/sahosse/sage/spkg' 
> > 
> > > > real    4m6.986s 
> > > > user    3m30.353s 
> > > > sys     0m31.555s 
> > > > Error building Sage. 
> > > > make: *** [build] Error 1 
> > 
> > > > P.S. I don't have root access to this machine

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