Re: long-lasting cars
mine is twenty two years old and still run smothly!!! - Original Message - From: Gustavo Lacerda (from work) [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2002 3:06 PM Subject: long-lasting cars Claim: auto manufacturers won't make cars that last long (say, 20 years of reliable operation) because they would make less money that way. Your opinion? Is the technology for reliable vehicles feasible for mass production? Would there be enough demand for such vehicles (i.e. the profit margin per vehicle is big enough to offset the loss due to fewer sales)? Gustavo
Re: Taliban Tipping Game
You left out of the game the AlQaida, taliban's financer, and main employer o taliban bureaoucrats. Furthermore, taliban have their stronghool between pashtuns etnia, to which thy belong, but there already taliban's oposition didn they first play, on the same dya that taliban moved to Khandahar, their sacred city. Alexander Guerrero - Original Message - From: fabio guillermo rojas [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, November 15, 2001 2:40 AM Subject: Taliban Tipping Game Armchair game theory: Does anybody here think that the war in Afghanistan can be characterized as a tipping game? Conscripted Taliban soldiers and residents of Taliban controlled areas could either support the Taliban or not, and are waiting for somebody else to move first. The first victory last week was signalled Taliban weakness, leading to a chain of defections and the eventual collapse of the regime. Any other game theoretic interpretations of this weeks events? Fabio
Re: Elasticities and international trade
One interesting thing is that many collegues do not make differences between tradables and nontradables. which in small countries you coud use a rule of 6:4 in termes of prices. So it is very difficult to estimate elasticities accordingly with Marshall-Lerner conventions, since the price you are usin is an aggregate of tradeables and nontradebles whose adjutment path it is very different in both cases. At the end of the day devaluating the currency to become more competitive you are gaining at expenses of workers real income (wages) reductions, that it bread for today hunger for tomorrow. There is more in this regard but for the case of elasticities is worth to mention that we economists aggregate everything so we can get to the end with aggregated conclusions!!!. Alexander Guerrero Oxford - Original Message - From: LE ROUX P [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, November 02, 2001 7:27 AM Subject: RE: Elasticities and international trade South Africa is a typical small open Economy. Its currency the Rand stands at R8.54 to the dollar at present. It fell from R0.96 in 1979 to its present value. Mainstream economists all argue that its good since exports are stimulated (price thus elastic) and imports discouraged (also price elastic). My studies (econometric) seems to indicate that both are actually more income elastic dependent thus on overseas growth for exports and local growth for imports. The gains are thus purely in extra rands from exports but losses ito an increased import bill. My problem is this: SA is a price-taker internationally and thus cannot influence the price. A devaluating currency will this only benefit the exporter in Rand terms since the price in $ terms (international price) remains the same. I must be missing something since my colleagues still beg to differ. Please advice me on where my arguments are going wrong. Kind Regards, Pierre le Roux Sub-Head Dept Economics, P/bag x613, Vista University, Port Elizabeth 6000 South Africa office 041 4083145 CELL 0822024819 FAX 041 4641563
Re: Tax with positive growth effect
This statemente is not true, investment decision are no taken for government advertisement campaigns. Investors ask for, first of all, the rule of law to be accomplished, clear rules of the game, low taxes, they know hau to calculate the return of their investment. On the other hand, taxes collected for this advertisement campaign, recue consumption, investment and make investment costly, so reduces wealth. Alexander Guerrero St Antonys College Oxford University - Original Message - From: Gustavo Lacerda [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, November 01, 2001 2:14 AM Subject: Re: Tax with positive growth effect In the following example, it isn't the taxing itself that promotes growth, but its spending. If a state uses tax money to attract rich tourists to the area (by advertising, for example), that could promote consumption, in such a way that the tax promotes growth more than it hampers it. Whereas if there was no tax (i.e. if it was voluntary), individual businesses would be reluctant to use their money that way, even if they knew that everybody would be better off if everybody invested their share into the collective fund (prisoner's paradox). I would be interested to know if there are real-world cases of this, or of any tax promoting economic growth. Gustavo At 08:20 PM 31-10-01 +0200, you wrote: Has anybody read/heard about a tax which does have a positive effect on the economic growth? The professors at my university say so, but I wouldn't be so sure so that's the reason I'm asking. Also I'm writing my course paper about the effects of the fiscal policy to economic growth. Any good links, thoughts, ideas etc. would be appriciated. Regards, Kristjan Kanarik
Re: Tax with positive growth effect
I do not agree, since it is not consumption tax, accordingly with the definition. Whta you are proposing is a kind of capital tax. I do not have anithing against to, but your face the economic consecuences of taxing capital. Alexander Guerrero - Original Message - From: Fred Foldvary [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, November 01, 2001 4:39 AM Subject: Re: Tax with positive growth effect --- Alexander Guerrero [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Well before yo tax idle land, you must be sure that the land is wasted, No, the whole rationale for taxing land value is that it does not matter what the site owner does with the land. Those who waste it will have to pay the same rate as those who maximize rental income. And, believe me, this is something which has been always very difficult to assess. How do you know? Insurance companies manage to appraise land value, because they don't want the insured to collect on that if the building burns down. The big question is : Does the land lord like to have idle land? If he does, fine; let him pay for that consumption. Fred Foldvary = [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ Do You Yahoo!? Make a great connection at Yahoo! Personals. http://personals.yahoo.com
Re: Tax with positive growth effect
I agree, but you are talking about is price of land, not its value; taht is market price!!!The difference makes the difference. Alexander Guerrero - Original Message - From: Fred Foldvary [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, November 02, 2001 2:20 AM Subject: RE: Tax with positive growth effect --- Alexander Guerrero [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: How do you estimante market value? With respect to land value, besides monitoring sales and rentals of undeveloped land or sites such as parking lots, one estimates the cost of replacing the building, subtracts depreciation, and that amount is subtracted from the prevailing market prices in that neighborhood to estimate the land value. and what kind of land you are talking about All land. Fred Foldvary = [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ Do You Yahoo!? Find a job, post your resume. http://careers.yahoo.com
Re: Tax with positive growth effect
Well before yo tax idle land, you must be sure that the land is wasted, and that his owner for some planetary reasons does not want to invest on it. And, believe me, this is something which has been always very difficult to assess. Some times you get otherways perverse outcomes. The big question is : Does the land lord like to have idle land? Alexander Guerrero St Antnys College Oxford University - Original Message - From: Ben Powell [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, October 31, 2001 9:11 PM Subject: Re: Tax with positive growth effect It wouldn't be growth in a proper methodologically individual sense but in the standard notion of GDP growth or whatever, I flate sum tax on Raw land both developed and undeveloped. This is what Henery George and his followers advocated. It would encourage undeveloped land to be developed. Ben --- Kristjan Kanarik [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anybody read/heard about a tax which does have a positive effect on the economic growth? The professors at my university say so, but I wouldn't be so sure so that's the reason I'm asking. Also I'm writing my course paper about the effects of the fiscal policy to economic growth. Any good links, thoughts, ideas etc. would be appriciated. Regards, Kristjan Kanarik __ Do You Yahoo!? Make a great connection at Yahoo! Personals. http://personals.yahoo.com
Re: Growth, Wealth, and Race
I think that Aztecs are nearer to the north than to the equator!!! Alexander Guerrero fabio guillermo rojas wrote: Question: What would controlling for racial composition do to these results? Clearly there is high collinearity between race and latitude, though modern transportation is weakening the connection. If you do both latitude and racial composition, what would happen? Does anyone have hard evidence on this? Prof. Bryan Caplan Observation: A lot of cultures close to the equator seem to have been wealthy compared to Europe before the rise of the West aftyer 1500. The conquistadors compared Technotitlan to Cordoba (the wealthy Spanish coastal city) and various Arabic cultures close to the equator seem to have been wealthy. I think that the wealth/race/latitude thing might be artifact of colonialism. Think about it: cultures near the equator exhibit a lot of variation in wealth before colonialism. Then the West expands into the Americas and other places. A lot of wealthy cultures near the equator are wiped out due to conquest or disease (the Aztecs), others are just in general decline (the Ottomans) and some were very poor to start with (like many in Central Africa). So before regressing wealth on racial composition and then making sweeping conclusions, one should remember that the current concentration of wealth in the North is really just something that happened in the last 500 years. -f begin:vcard n:Guerrero;Alexander tel;cell:016/6352186 tel;fax:(582)9416092 tel;home:9416092 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:TecnoEconomica adr:;;;Caracas;Miranda;1080;Venezuela version:2.1 email;internet:[EMAIL PROTECTED] title:Presidente fn:Alexander Guerrero end:vcard
Re:
Please do remember that government default to debt on central bank is anticipated, in other words, there is no goverment debt to central bank in practice, it is a case of pure money financing fiscal deficitanticipated, since agents do no expect goverment to pay these type of "debts". Alexander Guerrero Fred Foldvary wrote: Has anyone come across a paper available on the net dealing with debt default by a government to their own central bank. From: "Alexander Guerrero" [EMAIL PROTECTED] I would say; it is not really a default, but a money financing budget deficit. If the government defaults on its debt at time T1, the budget deficit has already taken place before T1. Therefore, the default at T1 is itself not a deficit. The default reduces the budget expenses of the government, so after T1 it can more easily have a balanced budget, and if it does so, the default has helped eliminate future budget deficits, especially since the government will not easily be able to borrow funds after T1. If the central bank is forced to buy government debt after T1, then it is not an independent central bank, but in effect a branch of the treasury department issuing fiat currency. Fred Foldvary begin:vcard n:Guerrero;Alexander tel;cell:016/6352186 tel;fax:(582)9416092 tel;home:9416092 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:TecnoEconomica adr:;;;Caracas;Miranda;1080;Venezuela version:2.1 email;internet:[EMAIL PROTECTED] title:Presidente fn:Alexander Guerrero end:vcard
Re: Adobe and pdf files
Alexander Guerrero wrote: Anyoneo who uses acrobat reader to read PDF documents, in the near future will enjoy the need to reverse the proces, that is to convert PDF to word and other way around. On leads to the other and you for Acrobat Destiller y Exchange and get the reader "free". Alexander [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just read the series of correspondence considering the Xerox machine and the usage of the term "Xerox" to refer to photocopying. Now the problem I have does not have to do with the term but with the use of advertising by providing a free product. Adobe acrobat and its free reader for pdf files was the first thing that came to mind. Is it really cost effective for Adobe to provide a free pdf reader when they could possibly sell it on the open market. I know they sell other products related to pdf files, but is the advertising of the free reader really encouraging people to take advantage of their other products or is it causing people to abuse the reader and its benefits. Seon begin:vcard n:Guerrero;Alexander tel;cell:016/6352186 tel;fax:(582)9416092 tel;home:9416092 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:TecnoEconomica adr:;;;Caracas;Miranda;1080;Venezuela version:2.1 email;internet:[EMAIL PROTECTED] title:Presidente fn:Alexander Guerrero end:vcard
