Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-15 Thread Letsgo Sailing via CnC-List
I used two Kyocera 130 watt PV panels. The Morning star controller gave me some 
problems every once in a while  would shut down and the batteries will 
discharge when I was away for few days. I never figured that out. 

 

Yanni

boatless in Ontario.

 

92 Lebaron 3.0 convertible

95 LeBaron 3.0 turbo convertible

07 Yamaha Straotoliner S

SCRC 011059

SRO 26-6483

 

TURBO!cause bottles are for babies and superchargers blow!!!

Which would you rather have, go fast goodies or shiny shoes?

Your feet may look good but if your engine blows you ain't going nowhere

 

 

From: CnC-List [mailto:cnc-list-boun...@cnc-list.com] On Behalf Of Marek 
Dziedzic via CnC-List
Sent: October 14, 2014 8:27 AM
To: Josh Muckley; cnc-list@cnc-list.com; Josh Muckley; cnc-list@cnc-list.com
Subject: Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

 

You might be well advised to look at Sailboat Owners forum, where this has been 
discussed multiple times (e.g. here: 
http://forums.catalina.sailboatowners.com/showthread.php?p=1149325 
http://forums.catalina.sailboatowners.com/showthread.php?p=1149325highlight=solar%20panel
 highlight=solar%20panel). Also, a good read here: 
http://www.pbase.com/mainecruising/solar_panel.

 

There are various reports on using the cheap panels vs. the high quality 
expensive. Apparently, the expensive ones are most often produced in the same 
factory, on the same production line; however, they are thoroughly tested, so 
that all cells are working properly and produce equal amounts of energy. The 
cheap ones are the ones that did not make it through that QA.

 

Don’t skimp on controller(s). There are well documented reports showing that 
some can deliver substantially more energy (15% or even 20% more), which is 
especially important if you are using the solar panels to top up your batteries.

 

From what I read, GenaSun controllers have the best opinion (price per 
performance). Morning Star controllers (supposedly) are also quite good (this 
is what I have).

 

Some controllers offer dual battery connection (with 50-50 or 90-10 split). If 
I were doing it again, I would install a simple controller (going to the house 
side) and an Echo Charger to charge the starting (spare) battery, as needed.

 

I don’t think you need a “dump load”, if you connect it directly to the 
batteries.

 

If you use multiple controllers, you will have some fun in controlling them, as 
they would see the wrong voltage on the battery (they would see the combined 
voltage of all controllers; rather than the battery itself). However, I don’t 
think you need any diodes, as they all have this protection built in (so the 
battery cannot feed the panel).

 

have fun

 

Marek

s/v “Legato”

in Ottawa

 

From: Josh Muckley via CnC-List mailto:cnc-list@cnc-list.com  

Sent: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 5:43 AM

To: C mailto:cnc-list@cnc-list.com C List 

Subject: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

 

Hey folks,

I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger that 
will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that attention 
will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized.  I've given 
consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  My 
understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in it's 
output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is cast.  As 
such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w panels.  The idea 
being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the panels at a time.  
This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical or electrical failure 
of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  Additionally, a smaller 
panel is easier to replace and cost less.

To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?

There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you pay 
for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?

Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
have any insights about the design or component selection.  

I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one makes 
them.

When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from the 
battery?  

What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. Would 
it need to be diode separated from each

Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Josh Muckley via CnC-List
Hey folks,

I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger
that will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that
attention will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it
minimized.  I've given consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely
inevitable.  My understanding is that one large solar panel can have a
substantial drop in it's output or be completely disabled if only a
relatively small shadow is cast.  As such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w
panels instead of 2 100w panels.  The idea being that a small shadow will
only disable 1 or 2 of the panels at a time.  This design also adds
reliability such that a mechanical or electrical failure of a single panel
doesn't disable the entire system.  Additionally, a smaller panel is easier
to replace and cost less.

To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series
and parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its
own controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over
PWM?

There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a
hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you
pay for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible,
20% efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!
I've seen charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay
haters here but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT
controllers for $11 with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?

Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does
anyone have any insights about the design or component selection.

I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one
makes them.

When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from
the battery?

What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater.
Would it need to be diode separated from each controller?

Thanks,

Josh Muckley
S/V Sea Hawk
1989 CC 37+
Solomons, MD
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Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Ebay via CnC-List
Josh:

You've certainly given this a lot of thought.  Don't overthink or overbuild it. 
 KISS

If it were me, I'd go with two 100 watt panels back to a single $50 controller 
and keep the wiring as simple as possible.  Keep in mind you're talking about a 
system that will deliver about 60 ah per day (12v). Frankly I wouldn't even 
worry about a load assuming you're wiring it directly to a battery bank of any 
size and not through a switch.  

You may also want to look at panels from RV stores which are usually identical 
but lack the boat related price.  Check model numbers carefully if you go that 
route.  Keep in mind the weight going onto the Bimini as 4 50 watt panels will 
nearly double the weight of 2 100w panels.  You'll also double the mounting 
hardware, etc.

Just my 2 cents.

John

Sent from my iPad

 On Oct 14, 2014, at 5:43 AM, Josh Muckley via CnC-List 
 cnc-list@cnc-list.com wrote:
 
 Hey folks,
 
 I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger 
 that will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that 
 attention will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized. 
  I've given consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  
 My understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in 
 it's output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is 
 cast.  As such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w 
 panels.  The idea being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the 
 panels at a time.  This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical 
 or electrical failure of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  
 Additionally, a smaller panel is easier to replace and cost less.
 
 To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
 parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
 controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?
 
 There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
 hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you 
 pay for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
 efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
 charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
 but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
 with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?
 
 Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
 have any insights about the design or component selection. 
 
 I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one 
 makes them.
 
 When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from 
 the battery? 
 
 What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. 
 Would it need to be diode separated from each controller?
 
 Thanks,
 
 Josh Muckley
 S/V Sea Hawk
 1989 CC 37+
 Solomons, MD
 
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Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Marek Dziedzic via CnC-List
You might be well advised to look at Sailboat Owners forum, where this has been 
discussed multiple times (e.g. here: 
http://forums.catalina.sailboatowners.com/showthread.php?p=1149325highlight=solar%20panel).
 Also, a good read here: http://www.pbase.com/mainecruising/solar_panel.

There are various reports on using the cheap panels vs. the high quality 
expensive. Apparently, the expensive ones are most often produced in the same 
factory, on the same production line; however, they are thoroughly tested, so 
that all cells are working properly and produce equal amounts of energy. The 
cheap ones are the ones that did not make it through that QA.

Don’t skimp on controller(s). There are well documented reports showing that 
some can deliver substantially more energy (15% or even 20% more), which is 
especially important if you are using the solar panels to top up your batteries.

From what I read, GenaSun controllers have the best opinion (price per 
performance). Morning Star controllers (supposedly) are also quite good (this 
is what I have).

Some controllers offer dual battery connection (with 50-50 or 90-10 split). If 
I were doing it again, I would install a simple controller (going to the house 
side) and an Echo Charger to charge the starting (spare) battery, as needed.

I don’t think you need a “dump load”, if you connect it directly to the 
batteries.

If you use multiple controllers, you will have some fun in controlling them, as 
they would see the wrong voltage on the battery (they would see the combined 
voltage of all controllers; rather than the battery itself). However, I don’t 
think you need any diodes, as they all have this protection built in (so the 
battery cannot feed the panel).

have fun

Marek
s/v “Legato”
in Ottawa

From: Josh Muckley via CnC-List 
Sent: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 5:43 AM
To: CC List 
Subject: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

Hey folks,

I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger that 
will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that attention 
will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized.  I've given 
consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  My 
understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in it's 
output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is cast.  As 
such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w panels.  The idea 
being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the panels at a time.  
This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical or electrical failure 
of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  Additionally, a smaller 
panel is easier to replace and cost less.

To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?

There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you pay 
for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?

Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
have any insights about the design or component selection.  

I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one makes 
them.

When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from the 
battery?  

What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. Would 
it need to be diode separated from each controller?

Thanks,

Josh Muckley
S/V Sea Hawk
1989 CC 37+
Solomons, MD




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Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Robert Boyer via CnC-List
I agree with the other recommendation to reduce the number of solar panels, 
rather than increasing it.  I have (2) 100-watt Solbian flexible panels and 
they work great but I am noticing that in the Fall when the days become 
shorter, my generation is reduced.  So, I will be adding another 100 watts in 
the Spring.  With my panels and their locations, shadows are of no concern.  I 
usually pull my boom off to one side of the boat when in the slip or at anchor. 
 I have heard stories about tremendous impacts of shadowing and I think these 
cases use one controller for multiple panels--with this arrangement, if one 
panel is in a shadow, all of the panels on the same controller are reduced in 
output.  I have separate controllers on each panel.

The 100 watts I'm adding next Spring will be on two panels because my backstay 
comes through my bimini where I want to add the panels--so, I will be adding 
(2) 50-watt panels with a single controller since it is hard to imagine how one 
could be shadowed and not the other.

Make sure that you allow for stretch ion the bimini and that the load does not 
go into the solar panel!  My blog post of April 6, 2014 describes how I dealt 
with this problem.  Also, my canvas guy did not want the responsibility of 
putting the fasteners on the panel in case he screwed it up (too much 
liability)--so, I did it.

I believe that, in general, the cheaper panels don't last as long as more 
expensive ones (like Solbian) but I have no data to back this up.  In my case, 
I am using my panels for cruising and I don't want to have to deal with 
problems with them into my retirement and I need them to last 10 years.  If you 
are simply sailing in the U.S. or Canada and can change them whenever they have 
a problem, you don't need to think this out like I did.

Bob

Bob Boyer
S/V Rainy Days (1983 CC Landfall 38 - Hull #230)
email: dainyr...@icloud.com
blog: dainyrays.blogspot.com

There is nothing--absolutely nothing--half so much worth doing as simply 
messing about in boats. --Kenneth Grahame

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Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Della Barba, Joe via CnC-List
1st off - you can parallel them into one controller with only the very tiniest 
loss of efficiency despite shadows.
2nd - many controllers out there are crap at best. Morningstar makes excellent 
PWM and MPPT controllers. I have had great luck with mine. I would not even 
consider cheap FleaBay contollers. YMMV.  PWM controllers are less efficient, 
but they are a lot cheaper.
See 
http://support.morningstarcorp.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Trad-PWM-vs-TrakStar-MPPT-April-2014.pdf
Morningstar MPPT :
http://www.amazon.com/Morningstar-Sunsaver-TrackStar-Charge-Controller/dp/B006H9VPL6/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8qid=1413293847sr=8-1keywords=morningstar+solar+controller+mppt+15+amp
  about $220.

http://www.amazon.com/MorningStar-ProStar-PS-30-Charge-Controller/dp/B003YIB7QQ/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8qid=1413293962sr=8-7keywords=morningstar+solar+controller+PWM

About half that price and includes an anchor light output.

Just get one QUALITY controller. Good PWM beats some random MPPT scavenged off 
of Fleabay. Don't forget to look at panel amp output, don't do the math for 12  
volts. Most panels are 16-18 volts, so 200 watts at 16 volts is 12.5 amps and 
within the range of a 15 amp controller.


Joe Della Barba
Coquina
CC 35 MK I
From: CnC-List [mailto:cnc-list-boun...@cnc-list.com] On Behalf Of Josh Muckley 
via CnC-List
Sent: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 5:43 AM
To: CC List
Subject: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers


Hey folks,

I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger that 
will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that attention 
will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized.  I've given 
consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  My 
understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in it's 
output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is cast.  As 
such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w panels.  The idea 
being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the panels at a time.  
This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical or electrical failure 
of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  Additionally, a smaller 
panel is easier to replace and cost less.

To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?

There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you pay 
for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?

Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
have any insights about the design or component selection.

I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one makes 
them.

When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from the 
battery?

What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. Would 
it need to be diode separated from each controller?

Thanks,

Josh Muckley
S/V Sea Hawk
1989 CC 37+
Solomons, MD
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Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Ebay via CnC-List
I've been very happy with my tiny sunsaver charger.  I think 20 amps is about 
$80.  Probably not the best out there by any means but effective and reliable.  
This really all comes down to what you're doing with the boat.  Acceptable for 
long term cruising is different from weekend sailing in the US.  Not better or 
worse, just different needs.

I wouldn't discount high quality rigid panels for power to $ value.  

But again, keep it simple

John


Sent from my iPad

 On Oct 14, 2014, at 9:44 AM, Della Barba, Joe via CnC-List 
 cnc-list@cnc-list.com wrote:
 
 1st off – you can parallel them into one controller with only the very 
 tiniest loss of efficiency despite shadows.
 2nd – many controllers out there are crap at best. Morningstar makes 
 excellent PWM and MPPT controllers. I have had great luck with mine. I would 
 not even consider cheap FleaBay contollers. YMMV.  PWM controllers are less 
 efficient, but they are a lot cheaper.
 See 
 http://support.morningstarcorp.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Trad-PWM-vs-TrakStar-MPPT-April-2014.pdf
 Morningstar MPPT :
 http://www.amazon.com/Morningstar-Sunsaver-TrackStar-Charge-Controller/dp/B006H9VPL6/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8qid=1413293847sr=8-1keywords=morningstar+solar+controller+mppt+15+amp
   about $220.
  
 http://www.amazon.com/MorningStar-ProStar-PS-30-Charge-Controller/dp/B003YIB7QQ/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8qid=1413293962sr=8-7keywords=morningstar+solar+controller+PWM
  
 About half that price and includes an anchor light output.
  
 Just get one QUALITY controller. Good PWM beats some random MPPT scavenged 
 off of Fleabay. Don’t forget to look at panel amp output, don’t do the math 
 for 12  volts. Most panels are 16-18 volts, so 200 watts at 16 volts is 12.5 
 amps and within the range of a 15 amp controller.
  
  
 Joe Della Barba
 Coquina
 CC 35 MK I
 From: CnC-List [mailto:cnc-list-boun...@cnc-list.com] On Behalf Of Josh 
 Muckley via CnC-List
 Sent: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 5:43 AM
 To: CC List
 Subject: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers
  
 Hey folks,
 
 I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger 
 that will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that 
 attention will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized. 
  I've given consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  
 My understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in 
 it's output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is 
 cast.  As such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w 
 panels.  The idea being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the 
 panels at a time.  This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical 
 or electrical failure of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  
 Additionally, a smaller panel is easier to replace and cost less.
 
 To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
 parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
 controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?
 
 There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
 hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you 
 pay for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
 efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
 charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
 but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
 with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?
 
 Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
 have any insights about the design or component selection. 
 
 I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one 
 makes them.
 
 When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from 
 the battery? 
 
 What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. 
 Would it need to be diode separated from each controller?
 
 Thanks,
 
 Josh Muckley
 S/V Sea Hawk
 1989 CC 37+
 Solomons, MD
 
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Re: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers

2014-10-14 Thread Steve Thomas via CnC-List
1. Panels in a multi panel system with panels wired in parallel should have a 
diode in series with each panel, but many panels come with an incorporated 
diode and adding another one will just waste power. The manufacturer's 
documentation will say it there is a diode incorporated since that is an added 
feature. 

2. There is no problem hooking up multiple panels to the same charge controller 
so long as you stay within maximum ratings. Multiple controllers should work 
fine, but at an added cost. Quality controllers are not particularly failure 
prone, but I get you desire for redundancy as a matter of principle.  

3. I have had good experience with Morningstar controllers, and my choice was 
influenced by recommendations from several people. Whatever you purchase, get a 
decent one, and if it has at least a few LEDs to indicate the controller's 
state and the battery state of charge then you probably won't need a separate 
battery monitor. A battery volt meter and a current meter for observing charge 
rate, will be sufficient in my experience. I can't really see that a separate 
monitor would be of any use unless it can at least keep a running total of the 
ampere hours delivered to the battery. 

4. MPPT controllers will squeeze a bit more current out of your panels but at 
an increased cost of purchase. Different panels have different efficiency 
ratings, and all else being equal, will cost more in proportion.

5. My experience with bimini mounted panels last winter is that on a sunny day 
at anchor you can expect the maximum mid-day charging rate to be about 1/2 the 
panel ratings, and the total ampere hours for the day to about 3 times the 
maximum amp rating total for the panels. (You never get the rated output of a 
panel unless it is pointing squarely at the sun.) To put it another way, with 2 
100 watt panels rated at 7 amps each, we got around 7.5 amps at noon hour with 
both panels in parallel and at the latitude of Miami. This worked out to better 
than 45 ampere hours per day with the setup we had. Combined with a small wind 
mill, it was enough to keep the ice box refrigeration going without having to 
run the engine for a couple of weeks. 

Steve Thomas
  - Original Message - 
  From: Josh Muckley via CnC-List 
  To: CC List 
  Sent: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 5:43 AM
  Subject: Stus-List Solar panels and charge controllers


  Hey folks,

  I'm looking to add solar panels to my boat.  I have a new hard top dodger 
that will be a great place to mount some flexible panels.  I realize that 
attention will have to be given to the boom so that it's shadow it minimized.  
I've given consideration to the fact that some shadow is likely inevitable.  My 
understanding is that one large solar panel can have a substantial drop in it's 
output or be completely disabled if only a relatively small shadow is cast.  As 
such I am planning for 4 smaller 50w panels instead of 2 100w panels.  The idea 
being that a small shadow will only disable 1 or 2 of the panels at a time.  
This design also adds reliability such that a mechanical or electrical failure 
of a single panel doesn't disable the entire system.  Additionally, a smaller 
panel is easier to replace and cost less.

  To ensure reliability I was also planning to NOT creat an array of series and 
parallel panels going to one controller but rather each panel to its own 
controller.  I believe the current recommendation is to use MPPT over PWM?

  There is a wide range of prices for panels and controllers but I'm having a 
hard time determining which ones are a good value.  I know you get what you pay 
for but over paying is silly.  At the boat show, 50w, semi-flexible, 20% 
efficient, monocrystalline panels were going for as much as $500!  I've seen 
charge controllers as high as $250.  I know there are a few ebay haters here 
but the comparable panels I found were $125 and 20A MPPT controllers for $11 
with free shipping.  Is there something I'm missing?

  Besides disparaging comments about ebay or about me being cheap, does anyone 
have any insights about the design or component selection.  

  I was originally pursuing a multi-channel controller but it seems no one 
makes them.

  When using multiple (4) controllers do they need to be diode separated from 
the battery?  

  What about the dump load?  I plan to use a single 200w resistive heater. 
Would it need to be diode separated from each controller?

  Thanks,

  Josh Muckley
  S/V Sea Hawk
  1989 CC 37+
  Solomons, MD



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