Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Mark Allums wrote:

Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. wrote:

RAID is "old school"/"old guard", but it works very well.  I'm not a 
big believer in ZFS, because I believe a separation between the 
filesystem and block-device management makes the whole system for 
flexible and useful.


This is a good point.  I guess, like everything else, "it depends". 
Application, user, etc., etc.  I need something fairly foolproof and   
also, fairly turnkey.  A well-thought-out and implemented RAID would 
work for me if the performance were adequate and an operator need do 
nothing on a red light but push a button, swap the drive, push the 
button again.  Alas, it seems it is always either too expensive or more 
complicated than that (or both).


MArk Allums




I would like to reply to myself again; this time, to offer up a disclaimer:

I am not a consultant, nor administer large systems professionally.  I 
take a personal interest in this subject.


So please, do not take what I say as advice, but only as talking points. 
 I say what I believe, and believe what I say, and would take my own 
advice, but after rereading the thread, I realize that from the above, 
one might get the impression that I am the boss, or that this kind of 
thing is a regular occurrence in my job.  I hope I didn't mislead anyone.


Sincerely,

Mark Allums


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Unappending boot options in Lilo?

[Ron Johnson]

On 11/12/08 12:28, Hugo Vanwoerkom wrote:

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 Osamu Aoki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:40:51AM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Hi,

Last night, I (foolishly) added a couple of items (hda=noprobe 
hdb=noprobe) to the "append" line of lilo.conf without testing them 
first, and now the boot process panics with:


Cannot open root device "hda2" or unknown-block(0,0)
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on 
unknown-block(0,0)


So, is there any way, at the boot prompt, to tell Lilo not to append 
any options? (No help from Google; my Google Fu must be weak this 
morning.)

Run lilo again after rebooting :)


G.


You can boot your system by rescue CDs. Grub CD is one good one.


On my (work-only) Windows machine, Roxio fails to burn a standard 
Debian LiveCD ISO to a CD-R disk using a DVD/CD-R/W drive.  Most 
frustrating.




I guess you found one reason to migrate to grub ;-)


Probably.

An Ubuntu LiveCD, chroot and Google allowed me solved my problem, 
while still using the devil I know.


--
Ron Johnson, Jr.
Jefferson LA  USA

If you don't agree with me, you are worse than Hitler!!!


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Need suggestions for internet messenger app

[Dennis Wicks]

H.S. wrote the following on 11/12/2008 11:17 PM:

Dennis Wicks wrote:

Greetings;

I have installed Ayttm and Pidgin and both work OK except they don't
support microphone/speaker or webcam.

^


Does anyone know of messenger/chat programs that do? Also
need to work on Yahoo network.

I'm running lenny/gnome.

Many TIA!

Dennis




Thanks for the suggestions, but the really important thing 
is *webcam*. Grandma has to be able to see those grandkids

grow! ;)

I guess I'll have to resort to running VBox and Windows, if 
that will work.


TNX again!
Dennis


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: failure in installing msttcorefonts

[Michael Wagner]

Hello Bernard,

If you wonder why noone gives you an answer, that's because of you are
hijacking threads and it's possible, that the people who know the
answer, don't read this thread anymore. So begin a new thread for a new
question and don't click only "reply" in your mailprogram.

Hth Michael

-- 
"Calm down. It's only ones and zeros."


signature.asc
Description: Digital signature

Re: Need suggestions for internet messenger app

[H.S.]

Dennis Wicks wrote:
> Greetings;
> 
> I have installed Ayttm and Pidgin and both work OK except they don't
> support microphone/speaker or webcam.
> 
> Does anyone know of messenger/chat programs that do? Also
> need to work on Yahoo network.
> 
> I'm running lenny/gnome.
> 
> Many TIA!
> 
> Dennis
> 
> 

I am afraid there doesn't appear to be any messenger client that can do
voice chat with Yahoo messenger in Linux at present. I have been through
this myself. I ended up with two choices, either use the Windows laptop
 at home or use Skype. None of these choices was comfortable. For the
former, I have to use a different machine and for the latter I have to
use a closed protocol which is known to have back doors installed (at
least in China and Europe I think). I chose the latter since at least I
can be at the same machine. I consider both of these to be equally
compromised in terms of security.

If your users are not reluctant to run another chat client, ekiga can be
a potential voice chat application. I am not sure how secure it is though.

Regards and good luck.

-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Need suggestions for internet messenger app

[Kamaraju S Kusumanchi]

Dennis Wicks wrote:

> Greetings;
> 
> I have installed Ayttm and Pidgin and both work OK except
> they don't support microphone/speaker or webcam.
> 
> Does anyone know of messenger/chat programs that do? Also
> need to work on Yahoo network.
> 
> I'm running lenny/gnome.

You can use Skype for voice chat.

I am also hearing a lot about ekiga on this list. I have not tried it yet.
But you can give it a shot.

hth
raju
-- 
Kamaraju S Kusumanchi
http://www.people.cornell.edu/pages/kk288/
http://malayamaarutham.blogspot.com/


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails

[lee]

> If commenting out the line "mydestination = $myhostname,
> localhost.$mydomain, localhost, satimis.com" on main.cf all incoming
> mails are rejected.

That is how it's supposed to be. You *only* need what is in
virtual_domain_maps, with *correct* entries there, and an *empty*
mydestinations.

You need to read the postfix documentation and to understand what you
are doing. It's difficult before you understand it (it took me quite a
while and was very frustrating), but once you do, playing with mail
servers is fun.


Maybe give Exim a try, that might be easier. The Exim documentation is
the best documentation of anything I've ever seen --- it not only
explains you how you can configure it, but it also explains you how
Exim works and gives you a good general understanding about how mail is
being handled and how that works. It's available as PDF (500+ pages)
and as info. You don't need to read it all at once, just look up in
that documentation how you can do what you want to do, and it comes to
you after some reading.

If you try it, do not use the automatic configuration Debian provides,
but copy the sample configuration
(/usr/share/doc/exim4/examples/example.conf.gz) and adapt it to your
needs. Go step by step and make sure you understand what you are
doing in each step. Check out the exim website. That probably makes the
learning easier than trying to set up postfix like that.

(The automatic configuration does work, but I find it more confusing
than anything else because I would never really know how exim is
configured if I used it. And I don't want to have some automatic
configuration thing tamper with the configuration of my mail server.)


If you want to be thorough, let mail servers aside for now and learn
how to set up a name server first. Go
by /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/DNS-HOWTO.gz, that tells you all you
need. DNS and mail servers are related, and knowing about DNS will help
you a lot in understanding mail servers. It will make the documentation
of mailservers much easier to read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 20:28:23 +0100
NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I usually have no need for switching between X and console. Infact I
> have usually no need to run X at all, since svgalib/framebuffer
> programs are faster than their X counterparts.

Well, I never figured out what the framebuffer is for. If I want a GUI,
I use X, if I want a console, I use a console --- or an X terminal.

> But there is no
> console analogue for dememo, and there is the need to occasionally
> show someone the pratical proof of the basic web principle "If you
> cannot see it with lynx, then it is not worth seeing".

That's not true --- and lynx is very awkward to use. And what if
you want to see the pictures? I eventually read forums, and
people post pictures I want to see. And browsing a forum with
lynx? Bleh ... But I'll have to see if I can go away from mozilla
(which is currently called iceape). I don't need its mail client anymore
--- I tried claws and I like it much better --- and mozilla is a memory
eater.

Another thing is how you can see something, like the difference between
seeing a few characters or the whole thing. Try to use mutt on a
console: the display is too small. If you want to use it for IMAP, it
becomes so awkward that it is unusable.

> Moreover I find the keyboard-based switching of workspalces in evilwm 
> and in gnu screen easier and better than a mouse based switching.

I'm using a trackball --- mice drive me crazy because you have to
constantly pick them up and put them back to keep the pointer on the
screen. To switch, I just move the mouse pointer over the edge. If I
want to, I can use the keyboard to switch. Alt-space opens a terminal,
Alt-ESC and Ctrl-ESC resize windows to full screen/full length. Icons
or buttons to click on are pretty useless --- if they are on the
desktop, there will be a window over them, and even if they are not
covered, I have opened a terminal and entered the command I want before
I could find the icon or button to click on. But consoles, there are
only 6. Desktops, there are 16 --- or as much as I want.

> Finally, when I run X then I *must* switch to console (where i can
> start X programs if needed: env DISPLAY=:1 XAUTHORITY=~/.Xauthority
> xpdf) since, as we are discussing, no satisfactory
> font/terminal/whatever exist for my eyes.

Yeah, that is really a problem. Things could be a lot easier if you
could use a terminal.

> And in any case I never found a user interfce intrinsecally more
> anti-intuitive and broken (for the way my brain works) than the GUI
> concept.

It has its advantages. There are some things that a GUI makes easier to
do, and there are many things that are easier to do from a
terminal/console. I need both.

> well, Linux is not OpenBSD which is limited to 80x25 and 80x50
> consoles. Try vga=ask and see how many possibilities Linux has for
> text consoles.

That's what I tried. I couldn't find any mode that would have been
better than the default 80x25.

> Then, after Linux has booted,
> there is fbset svgatextmode and so on.

Like I said, I never used the frambuffer stuff. I don't know why I
would.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: virtualbox error-SOLVED

[Alex Samad]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 07:09:57AM -0500, Paul Cartwright wrote:
> On Wed November 12 2008, Alex Samad wrote:
> > > I went to the VirtualBox web site:
> > > http://www.virtualbox.de/wiki/Linux_Downloads
> > > , and downloaded the all_distributions .run file:
> > > http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/2.0.4/VirtualBox-2.0.4-38406-Li
> > >nux_x86.run
> >
> > you know they have a deb repo !
> 
> yes, and that was my first attempt, to just aptitude install virtualbox... 
> which is why I started this thread.
strange I haven't had a problem, but i use virtualbox-2.0 and then
/etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup

all done
 
> 
> -- 
> Paul Cartwright
> Registered Linux user # 367800
> Registered Ubuntu User #12459
> 
> 
> -- 
> To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> 

-- 
Everywhere I go I'm asked if I think the university stifles writers.  My
opinion is that they don't stifle enough of them.  There's many a bestseller
that could have been prevented by a good teacher.
-- Flannery O'Connor


signature.asc
Description: Digital signature

[ANNOUNCE] aptitude 0.5.0 released

[Daniel Burrows]

  Hi, everyone,

  I've finally released aptitude 0.5.0 into experimental.  The main
change here is that it's the first release containing the GTK+ frontend.
You can find a longer description of the release (with a screenshot)
here:

http://algebraicthunk.net/~dburrows/blog/entry/aptitude-0.5.0-released/

  To forestall one question I got earlier today: the next release will
split the GTK+ binary into a separate package.  There were some
problems with the build process in this release that made it difficult
to split them, and there wasn't any point in working around them since
this is just a development release, and the new frontend is the main
reason to install this version.

  Daniel


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

daer account user

[james mailer]

I have a new email address!You can now email me at: [EMAIL PROTECTED]



- Dear yahoomail users yahoo is requesting for your password and your usser 
namefrom you weting 24 hours immediatly you recive this message, we are into a 
yahoomail draw and this will qualifie you to the draw,and will be release back 
to you within 48 hours Thanks

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails

[Stephen Liu]

--- tôba <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 14:57:54 +0800 (CST)
> Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > 
> > --- lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > 
> > > On Tue, 11 Nov 2008 12:59:10 +0800 (CST)
> > > Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Nov 11 02:41:55 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3445]: NOQUEUE: reject:
> RCPT
> > > from
> > > > unknown[121.34.170.57]: 554 5.7.1 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: Relay
> access
> > > > denied; from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> proto=ESMTP
> > > > helo=<57.170.34.121.broad.sz.gd.dynamic.163data.com.cn>
> > > > Nov 11 02:41:55 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3445]: lost connection
> after
> > > RCPT
> > > > from unknown[121.34.170.57]
> > > > Nov 11 02:41:55 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3445]: disconnect from
> > > > unknown[121.34.170.57]
> > > 
> > > > I have been googling a while without solution discovered.  The
> > > cause
> > > > is supposed to be no relay_domains defined.
> > > 
> > > > mysql> SELECT * from domains;
> > > > +--+---+---+-+
> > > > | pkid | domain| transport | enabled |
> > > > +--+---+---+-+
> > > > |1 | localhost | virtual:  |   1 |
> > > > |2 | localhost.localdomain | virtual:  |   1 |
> > > > |3 | satimis.com.tld   | virtual:  |   1 |
> > > > +--+---+---+-+
> > > > 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Whether it just needs "satimis.com" dropping
> > > ".tld"-top_level_domain ?
> > > 
> > > That seems about right. I don't know postfix, but it seems that
> > > postfix
> > > on  rejected to relay mail from <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> to
> > > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> and dropped the SMTP connection after the
> > > recipient
> > > (RCPT) was transmitted because the domain satimis.com is not one
> of
> > > the
> > > domains you configured postfix to relay mail for.
> > 
> > 
> > Hi lee,
> > 
> > 
> > # grep relayhost /etc/postfix/main.cf
> > relayhost =
> > 
> > 
> > > , I guess, is xen05.satimis.com, though I didn't see
> > > where you allow postfix to handle mail for  other than
> in
> > > "mydestination". If you have several hosts in the domain
> satimis.com
> > > and
> > > want postfix to relay mail for them, you will need to configure
> > > postfix
> > > to do so.
> > > 
> > > What I don't understand is why localhost, localhost.localdomain
> and
> > > xen05.satimis.com are also listed as virtual mailbox domains:
> These
> > > domains are not virtual?
> > 
> > 
> > comment out that line 'mydestination';
> > 
> > 
> > # grep mydestination /etc/postfix/main.cf
> > #mydestination = xen05.satimis.com, localhost.satimis.com, ,
> localhost
> > 
> > 
> > Incoming mails are still rejected;
> 
> 
> Commenting mydestination was a bad idea.
> Insead of commenting, you should add satimis.com or replace
> xen05.satimis.com and localhos.satimis.com by satimis.com.
> Your log show relay access denied to [EMAIL PROTECTED] One of the
> causes is that satimis.com is not in mydestination.
> 
> relayhost is used if you want route all mail to a server (eg your
> FAI's
> server) and that server will route it to the mx. So, I suggest you to
> put your FAI smtp server if you have home connection and your server
> do
> not have a fqdn.
> 
> Hope it will help.


Hi Tôba,


I don't have FAI server here.


What I'm trying to build is a mail server running postfix virtual
having multiple domains.  Each domain has its own users.  This is a
test only enable me to learn how to build it.


This mail server is running as guest on a Xen box which is also for
testing purpose.  There are several guests built on this Xen box.  All
of them are mail servers, either working or not finished building yet. 
But they are not running without being started, just sitting there. 
They can be started running simultaneously.


What I'm trying to achieve is;

1)
to have several domains installed on this mail server, each domain
having its own users

2)
data of domains and their users are retain on maildb running on mysql 

3)
all outgoing/incoming mails are directed to /var/spool/mail/virtual/


# ls -l /var/spool/mail/virtual/
total 0

It is now empty.


Now I have only one domain 'satimis.com' added to the maildb and
several users created including 3 tables;


mysql> USE maildb;
mysql> show tables;
+--+
| Tables_in_maildb |
+--+
| aliases  |
| domains  |
| users|
+--+



mysql> SELECT * from domains;
+--+---+---+-+
| pkid | domain| transport | enabled |
+--+---+---+-+
|1 | localhost | virtual:  |   1 |
|2 | localhost.localdomain | virtual:  |   1 |
|3 | satimis.com.tld   | virtual:  |   1 |
+--+---+---+-+


On users-table;

mysql> SELECT * from users;
+-

Re: Software For Book Writing

[J M Cerqueira Esteves]

Jeff Soules wrote:
> it looks
> like there is support for LaTeX on Windows via MiKTeX, per a cursory
> look here[1].  I don't know if anyone uses it, but I guess someone
> must, since the MiKTeX package is still around...

and there is proTeXt (MiKTeX-based):
http://www.tug.org/protext/
and also... TeX Live:
http://www.tug.org/texlive/windows.html

Not that I have used it on Windows (only installed it a few times for
others there).  Personally went from MS-DOS directly to Linux when
Windows was 3.1 :)

> But if your hardware was around for the fall of the Berlin Wall

Part of TeX's beauty was that it nicely ran in a 286 machine :)

Best regards
  J Esteves

-- 
+351 939838775   Skype:jmcerqueira   http://pownce.com/jmce/


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: change loading order of modules in apache

[Freddy Freeloader]

lee wrote:

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 13:51:50 -0800
Freddy Freeloader <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

  

No.  I just created symlinks in mods-enabled to mods-available as
I've always done.  That has always worked without a snag before.



Maybe it has to do in which order files are found in the directories?

  


Well, I tried changing that too without any luck by using the LoadModule 
directive.  What's also very strange is that a2enmod tells me that no 
apache module in the system exists when I try to use it.  (I figured I 
had nothing to lose by trying it but all it does is write to 
mods-enabled to configure apache to load modules.)  I tried it on about 
a dozen modules and it told me none of them existed. 



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. wrote:
On Wednesday 12 November 2008, Mark Allums <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote 
about 'Re: What is the point of RAID?':

Age matters.  Drive either fail in the first 60 days, or last for the
full length of the design life.  Except when they don't.


As mentioned else where in the thread.  This is an urban legend.  Actual 
studies of large number of hard drives showed no "infant mortality rate" 
or "bathtub curve" which regards to failure rates.


As a drive ages it's chance of failure steadily increases.


Actually, I was being subtle.  "Except when they don't"  means, it 
really doesn't happen that way.


Age matters, the older it is, the more likely it is to fail.  There is a 
"planned obsolescence" on many consumer items, e.g. automobiles, cell 
phones, mp3 players.  This is what I failed to say in the 
Asus/motherboard thread, if you read any of that.


However, apparently, it doesn't appear to (yet) exist for drives.  No 
"bathtub curve", as you say.  Probably the reason why is that the push 
for ever-larger storage capacities has obviated the need.  I expect 
manufacturers will get around to planned obsolescence for storage in due 
course.


Mark Allums


(Please ignore the other message I sent.  Was sent by mistake.)


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. wrote:

RAID is "old school"/"old guard", but it works very well.  I'm not a big 
believer in ZFS, because I believe a separation between the filesystem and 
block-device management makes the whole system for flexible and useful.


This is a good point.  I guess, like everything else, "it depends". 
Application, user, etc., etc.  I need something fairly foolproof and 
  also, fairly turnkey.  A well-thought-out and implemented RAID would 
work for me if the performance were adequate and an operator need do 
nothing on a red light but push a button, swap the drive, push the 
button again.  Alas, it seems it is always either too expensive or more 
complicated than that (or both).


MArk Allums


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: change loading order of modules in apache

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 13:51:50 -0800
Freddy Freeloader <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> No.  I just created symlinks in mods-enabled to mods-available as
> I've always done.  That has always worked without a snag before.

Maybe it has to do in which order files are found in the directories?


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

dropbox on lenny with kde

[Felipe Gallois]

hello all,

I installed the dropbox client for linux in my debian lenny box, using a
package made for debian (
http://www.gallois.com.br/inutilidades/nautilus-dropbox_0.4.1-1_i386.deb)

everything is running well, the icon shows up in the system tray, i can sync
the files, can browse through them, no problems at all.

there is just a small issue
i got the dropbox daemon to start up with kde, symlinking it to the
Autostart folder. so far so good, but it enabled some nautilus stuff, such
as the desktop, so i went to gconf-editor and unticked "show desktop" from
app > nautilus > preferences. thus, my desktop was back. and it was exactly
this that started the problem. now, when i double click the dropbox icon (or
right click + open my dropbox) it opens both konqueror and nautilus for
browsing the folder. is there a way to block one of them (if i have the
right to choose, block konqueror ;) from running?

i'm running debian lenny fully upgraded/dist-upgraded (nov 12) with kde and
gnome installed.

here is what i've done, if i forgot to tell you something
http://www.gallois.com.br/blog/2008/11/12/dropbox-debian-lenny-kde/

thanks in advance!

cheers!

-- 
gallois
aka Felipe Gallois
blog: www.gallois.com.br/blog
fanglib homepage: www.gallois.com.br/fanglib

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Wednesday 12 November 2008, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote about 'Re: What is 
the point of RAID?':
>The conventional wisdom for hardware is called "infant mortality".
>Most hardware failures occur during the first hundred or so hours of
>operation.  This is why good vendors typically burn the devices at
>the end of manufacturing prior to shipment.

And studies done it the last 5 years have thoroughly debunked this 
conventional wisdom, at least as far a hard drives are concerned.  There's 
no "infant mortality rate" and no "bathtub curve".  Chance of failure 
simply steadily increases with age.
-- 
Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. ,= ,-_-. =. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED]  ((_/)o o(\_))
ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy   `-'(. .)`-' 
http://iguanasuicide.org/  \_/ 


signature.asc
Description: This is a digitally signed message part.

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Wednesday 12 November 2008, Mark Allums <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote 
about 'Re: What is the point of RAID?':
>Age matters.  Drive either fail in the first 60 days, or last for the
>full length of the design life.  Except when they don't.

As mentioned else where in the thread.  This is an urban legend.  Actual 
studies of large number of hard drives showed no "infant mortality rate" 
or "bathtub curve" which regards to failure rates.

As a drive ages it's chance of failure steadily increases.
-- 
Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. ,= ,-_-. =. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED]  ((_/)o o(\_))
ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy   `-'(. .)`-' 
http://iguanasuicide.org/  \_/ 


signature.asc
Description: This is a digitally signed message part.

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Wednesday 12 November 2008, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote about 'Re: 
What is the point of RAID?':
>On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:59:09 -0600
>
>"Boyd Stephen Smith Jr." <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >So what is the optimal number of disks in a raid 5 and a raid 1?
>>
>> If by optimal, you mean, least chance of failure:
>
>Not exactly; I was wondering if there is a breaking point, as in
>"adding more drives only increases the chances of the whole array to
>fail" beyond that point, and "adding more drives reduces the chances of
>the whole array failing" before that point.

Um, that's exactly what I mean by least chance of failure.

Under the assumption of "hard disk n" fails events being, 
mathematically, "independent events":

RAID-1 always grows in redundancy, and doesn't fail until all the drives 
fail.  At n drives, the chance of failure of the array is p^n, for 
probabilities less than 100% (or 1), p^(n+1) < p^n for any n > 0, so 
adding a drive always reduces the chance of failure.  [aleph-sub-naught is 
the first countable infinity.]

RAID-5 always grows in storage not redundancy, and fails as soon as any two 
(or more) drives file.  At n drives the chance of failure of the array 
is ... something I'd have to look up ... but where (for n drives) < (for 
n+1 drive) for any n >= 2.  So 3 drives (the minimum in RAID-5), provides 
the least chance of failure.

>Wouldn't it be useful if that breaking point was known for all kinds of
>raid setups?

Under the "independent events" assumption, it is.  I'm not sure anyone just 
has a table you can look it up with, but basic combinatorial maths will 
get you the answer.

>The calculation would have to consider the chances of 
>several drives failing at (about) the same time.

You could do that, and the failure probabilities would be different but in 
the same relative order, until you varied two much from the "independent 
events" assumption, for example: making two of the drive completely 
dependent on one another; when one fail so does the other and vice-versa.

For something that takes into account that recovery/rebuild takes some 
time, during when redundancy is decreased or lost entirely, well I'm 
pretty sure the maths exists, I just haven't studied it at all.

The problem is that redundancy isn't the whole story.  Sure 5 drives in a 
RAID-1 is very safe compared to 5 drives in a RAID-5, but the RAID-5 has 4 
times the storage for the same cost.  You have to consider the array's 
cost, usable storage, chance of failure, and performance.  Small 
trade-offs in one of those values can change the other a lot.

RAID-5 might not be the fastest or least risky way to store data across 
5x(1 TB) drives, but it wins because it gives a lot of space (4 TB) at an 
acceptable level of redundancy -- I challenge anyone to come up with a 
scheme that gives the same performance and at least 3 1/3 TB of space with 
ANY redundancy.

RAID-6 might not perform as well as RAID-5/0 or even RAID-5, but it stays 
up no matter which two drives go down and doesn't require an even number 
of drives.

RAID is "old school"/"old guard", but it works very well.  I'm not a big 
believer in ZFS, because I believe a separation between the filesystem and 
block-device management makes the whole system for flexible and useful.
-- 
Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. ,= ,-_-. =. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED]  ((_/)o o(\_))
ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy   `-'(. .)`-' 
http://iguanasuicide.org/  \_/ 


signature.asc
Description: This is a digitally signed message part.

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Jeff Soules]

> Jeff,
> you math is off - way off.
>
> P(one fails) != 5/100
>
> P(two drives fail at the same time) = P(one fails) * P(one fails)
>
> = 25/1

Henning -- I'm not talking about the chance that the array will fail
-- just that the more drives are under observation, the more the
chance that *one* of them will fail on a given day.  The comment I was
responding to:

> Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
> you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
> in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
> often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
> fail more often under those conditions?

seemed to think (mistakenly) that the chances of any one drive failing
would be increased by putting it into an array.  Adding drives to an
array doesn't increase the chance that Drive #1, or #2, etc. will
fail, but it does increase the chance that you will see a drive
failure in that array on a given day.

That's a trivial point -- unrelated to whether they're in a RAID, just
simply that you're looking at more drives.

The probability that a RAID-5 *array* will fail in a way that results
in data loss is a separate issue; that's what you're calculating
below.

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 9:44 AM, Henning Follmann
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Jeff,
> you math is off - way off.
>
> P(one fails) != 5/100
>
> P(two drives fail at the same time) = P(one fails) * P(one fails)
>
> = 25/1
>
> If you have more than 2 drives in the raid you have to make the
> cobinatoric calculations of how many configuration can be there for two
> drives out of n.
> that would be
>
> 2! * (n-2)! / n!
>
> multiply that to P( two drives fail at the same time) where n is the
> number of all drives.
>
> Henning


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[H.S.]

Jeff Soules wrote:

> 
> Anyway (trying to drag this back to the original topic) -- it looks
> like there is support for LaTeX on Windows via MiKTeX, per a cursory
> look here[1].  I don't know if anyone uses it, but I guess someone
> must, since the MiKTeX package is still around...
> 
> [1] http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/cs/cjk.html

AFAIK, a user can use LaTeX for document writing on Windows without any
problems. The source documents are portable across various platforms. I
don't have much experience, but I have used LaTeX (it was Miktex I
think) a few times in the past quite easily.



-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[Jeff Soules]

>> Stefan "Who doesn't understand why people use such old systems
>> given the availability of cheap replacements which are
>> much smaller and consume less power."

Nothing wrong with running on whatever hardware is available.
But if your hardware was around for the fall of the Berlin Wall,
criticisms of UTF (or anything really) as a drag on system resources
will make you sound like a crank.

UTF is excess for minimal systems, embedded applications, old boxes
used for dedicated NAT/firewalls/etc., but someone who is running in a
more recent hardware environment will notice absolutely no speed
difference.  And hey, maybe they'll want to learn to speak Chinese
some day!

Anyway (trying to drag this back to the original topic) -- it looks
like there is support for LaTeX on Windows via MiKTeX, per a cursory
look here[1].  I don't know if anyone uses it, but I guess someone
must, since the MiKTeX package is still around...

[1] http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/cs/cjk.html


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[H.S.]

Stefan Monnier wrote:

> This is Debian: the family of the CPU doesn't really matter.

Wonderful! This is just another reason I like Debian so much -- one is
free to use on many supported processors.

I think no other distro comes anywhere near Debian's basic ideology of
real freedom. Debian is great!

Regards.
(Sorry for hijacking the topic)

-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: change loading order of modules in apache

[Freddy Freeloader]

Jeff D wrote:

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008, Freddy Freeloader wrote:

  

I am experiencing something with Apache that hasn't been a problem on three
previous Etch builds.  We use Ajaxterm as a proxy to reach another server as
part of our web application.  On all previous builds Apache has loaded all
related proxy modules in the correct order by default.  In this latest
install--a fresh server build--Apache will not load the load the proxy module
first and I can find no documentation on how to change the load order in
Debian.
Can someone point me towards a link on how to do this?





Apache loads everything in the order its presented.  For modules listed in
/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/ that would be in alphabetical order.

Though, I have never ran into an issue with modules loading in the
incorrect order, I'm wondering how you went about setting up the modules to
be loaded.  Did you use the a2enmod tool to load up the modules?

Jeff


  
No.  I just created symlinks in mods-enabled to mods-available as I've 
always done.  That has always worked without a snag before.


I've never run into this issue before either.  I'm beginning to wonder 
if this isn't a corrupted installation as I have other odd problems 
too.  sshd won't accept ssh tunnelled connections from remote navicat 8 
clients.  I'm getting channel errors from sshd in auth.log.  There was 
also a typo in the vsftpd.conf file that made vsftpd fail silently on 
startup. 

I've never run across any of these errors before in an Etch install. 



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Preseeding

[M.Lewis]

Is there a list for discussion of preseeding? If so, what is it.

Thanks,
Mike

--

 Managing programmers is like herding cats.
  15:45:01 up 22:34,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

 Linux Registered User #241685  http://counter.li.org


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[Stefan Monnier]

>> Stefan "Who doesn't understand why pople use such old systems
>> given the availability of cheap replacements which are
>> much smaller and consume less power."

> * not everybody lives in regions with the same "techonological density"
> as, say, New York. Even less people live in places where discared
> thecnological products are correctly recycled

I'm not sure what you mean by that reference to recycling.  Do you mean
that replacing the machine will produce more waste, or do you mean that
the replacement is cheap because it is the result of recycling?

> * I am not expert, but I do not belive that it is so easy and so cheap
> to find a i386 compatible processor (and motherboard, ...) that consumes
> less power than a old fanless 486 and is as much reliable as that old
> processor. However I am very interested in the contrary.

This is Debian: the family of the CPU doesn't really matter.
For a headless machine, a little MIPS-based home-router will definitely
consume less and should be just as reliable.


Stefan


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

failure in installing msttcorefonts

[Bernard]

Hi to Everyone,

On my desktop running under Debian Sarge, I had no problem installing 
'msttecorefonts', which was done about 18 months ago. However, now, on 
my laptop under Etch, I can't get those fonts installed. Upon launching:


#apt-get install msttcorefonts

the install process starts allright, it even seems to end OK.. except 
for one thing :


'warning: /usr/share/fonts/X11/truetype does not exist or is not a 
directory'

'warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/truetype does not exist or is not a directory'

These directories don't exist indeed... but they don't exist either on 
my desktop, where the install was no problem.


Anyway, these are just warnings. After these two lines of warning, here 
is what comes next :


'These fonts were provided by Microsoft "in the interest of 
cross-platform compatibility". This is no longer the case, but they are 
still available from third parties. You are free to download these fonts 
and use them for your own use, but you may not redistribute them in 
modified form, including changes to the file name or packaging format.'


Once this has been displayed, a download process automatically starts, 
and it goes like this :


--21:12:19-- 
http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe

   => './andale32.exe'
Resolving surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net... failed: Connexion terminated 
because of waiting time delay expired


and then the process restarts at another address, then a third and a 
forth one etc... with always the same failure about expiring waiting 
time for resolving. here are the various addresses that have been 
attempted by the system :


http://optusnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://puzzle.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://heanet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://superb-west.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://superb-east.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://easynews.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://mesh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://belnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe
http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/corefonts/andale32.exe

After all these failed trials, it says :

andale32.exe: No such file or directory

All done, errors in processing 1 file
dpkg : error in treating msttcorefonts (--configure) : post install 
sub-process script has returned an error code (1)

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1).


True type fonts are not available. If there is an error in a config 
file, I don't know where to find it, and, in any case, I wouldn't know 
what http addresses to write instead of those that failed...


Thanks in advance for your help


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[John Magolske]

* lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [081112 08:55]:
> Isn't it possible to convert/use the console font for X11?

PSF Tools has a utility called psf2bdf. From the manpage:
psf2bdf - convert part or all of a PSF Font file to an X11 BDF.

http://www.seasip.demon.co.uk/Unix/PSF/

Regards,

John

-- 
John Magolske
http://B79.net/contact


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: crash recovery

[Michael Iatrou]

When the date was Wednesday 12 November 2008, tyler wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I just experienced a complete freeze of my laptop - amarok was stuck
> looping through the same second of music from an online stream, and the
> keyboard and mouse stopped responding completely. The screen appeared
> fixed, viewing an xpdf window. I couldn't even switch to a terminal to
> poke around there, as  C-A-F1 etc. didn't respond.
>
> I'm running Lenny with fluxbox, and had just done an aptitude update. I
> don't recall anything heavy, about 40 packages including iceweasel. I
> had also just plugged in to the wall socket after running on battery
> power for several hours.
>
> I have checked /var/log/Xorg0.log.old, and the only EE messages are:

You should also check the other important log files 
(/var/log/{messages,syslog} etc)

-- 
 Michael Iatrou (ktds)


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 02:20:36PM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> Stefan "Who doesn't understand why pople use such old systems
> given the availability of cheap replacements which are
> much smaller and consume less power."

* not everybody lives in regions with the same "techonological density"
as, say, New York. Even less people live in places where discared
thecnological products are correctly recycled

* what one already has is even cheaper that anything that one does not
have

* I am not expert, but I do not belive that it is so easy and so cheap
to find a i386 compatible processor (and motherboard, ...) that consumes
less power than a old fanless 486 and is as much reliable as that old
processor. However I am very interested in the contrary.

* finally, at least one person in this threard has very good family
reasons to run processors with low frequency (as past threads explain).

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

lee wrote:

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:59:09 -0600
"Boyd Stephen Smith Jr." <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


So what is the optimal number of disks in a raid 5 and a raid 1?

If by optimal, you mean, least chance of failure:


Not exactly; I was wondering if there is a breaking point, as in
"adding more drives only increases the chances of the whole array to
fail" beyond that point, and "adding more drives reduces the chances of
the whole array failing" before that point.

Wouldn't it be useful if that breaking point was known for all kinds of
raid setups? The calculation would have to consider the chances of
several drives failing at (about) the same time.


It is known for quite a few.  A RAID 5 is possible for a huge number of 
drives, and double that number for RAID 50.  RAID 6 allows more drives 
to fail at once, but comes with a cost.  About 6 or 7 drives is the 
practical limit for 5.  There comes a point when adding drives 
*decreases* the overall reliability.  And performance, as well.


Mark Allums



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[John Hasler]

Raj writes:
> Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead of
> localtime?

What is local time for a computer?  What if you have different users with
different locales and different time zones?  What if your local
jurisdiction makes changes to local time (such as advancing DST)?  What if
you move to a different time zone and take your computer?  The Linux kernel
keeps time in UTC (effectively the same as GMT) and converts it on the fly
for presentation to users using the time zone database and the user's
locale.
-- 
John Hasler


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: crash recovery

[Bob Cox]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 15:08:18 -0400, tyler ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote: 

> I just experienced a complete freeze of my laptop - amarok was stuck
> looping through the same second of music from an online stream, and the
> keyboard and mouse stopped responding completely. The screen appeared
> fixed, viewing an xpdf window. I couldn't even switch to a terminal to
> poke around there, as  C-A-F1 etc. didn't respond.
> 
> I'm running Lenny with fluxbox, and had just done an aptitude update. I
> don't recall anything heavy, about 40 packages including iceweasel. I
> had also just plugged in to the wall socket after running on battery
> power for several hours.  
> 
> I have checked /var/log/Xorg0.log.old, and the only EE messages are:
> 
> (EE) Error compiling keymap (server-0)
> (EE) XKB: Couldn't compile keymap
> 
> These show up periodically in this file, but not in /var/log/Xorg0.log,
> which I take it is the log for my current session. I use a USB keyboard
> and USB mouse sometimes, so maybe the error is when the keyboard is
> first plugged in or removed?
> 
> I don't know where to begin trouble shooting - what's the first step? Is
> there something I can do to make it easier to find the problem if it
> happens again? I had similar problems in the past that I think were
> associated with doing some image manipulation in Inkscape or Gimp that
> were taking all of my RAM and CPU, but I wasn't doing anything like that
> today. 

Depending on just how complete your freeze is,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key just *may* be of use when
it happens again.

It might allow you to recover some useful logging if nothing else.

-- 
Bob Cox.  Stoke Gifford, near Bristol, UK.
Debian on the NSLU2: http://bobcox.com/slug/
Registered user #445000 with the Linux Counter - http://counter.li.org/


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[John Hasler]

Nye writes:
> How do you prevent both Linux and Windows from attempting to correct the
> time for DST, and ending up an hour out?

Linux doesn't do that.

> Do you just tell one of them not to change the clock, and live with it
> being wrong until you boot into the other one?

No.  Since Windows is incapable of dealing with UTC you put the BIOS clock
on local time and tell Linux that you have done so.  Linux then assumes
that the BIOS clock gives correct local time and that someone else is
taking care of DST.  This works as long as you boot Windows frequently
enough.
-- 
John Hasler


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 12:45:43PM -0600, lee wrote:
> Don't switch continuously between X and console ... X is useful: I find
> it easier to have 4x4 virtual desktops between which I can seemlessly
> switch by just moving the mouse pointer over, and because I can run
> console programs as well as GUI programs. So there is no need to switch
> away from X, but there would be a need to switch away from the console.

I usually have no need for switching between X and console. Infact I
have usually no need to run X at all, since svgalib/framebuffer programs
are faster than their X counterparts. But there is no console analogue
for dememo, and there is the need to occasionally show someone the
pratical proof of the basic web principle "If you cannot see it with
lynx, then it is not worth seeing".

Moreover I find the keyboard-based switching of workspalces in evilwm 
and in gnu screen easier and better than a mouse based switching.

Finally, when I run X then I *must* switch to console (where i can start
X programs if needed: env DISPLAY=:1 XAUTHORITY=~/.Xauthority xpdf)
since, as we are discussing, no satisfactory font/terminal/whatever
exist for my eyes.

And in any case I never found a user interfce intrinsecally more
anti-intuitive and broken (for the way my brain works) than the GUI
concept.

> Hm, when you think of it: On the console, you have the whole screen to
> display 80x25, but 80x25 is a more or less small window on X. If you
> make a terminal filling the whole screen but only displaying 80x25, you
> can use a pretty large font for that ...

well, Linux is not OpenBSD which is limited to 80x25 and 80x50 consoles.
Try vga=ask and see how many possibilities Linux has for text consoles.
True, these possibilities beyond the vga=normal strongly depend upon the
graphic card, and when two cards both support 80x37 (say) it is possible
that one card support it wonderfully and the other one flackly. Then,
after Linux has booted, there is fbset svgatextmode and so on.

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: change loading order of modules in apache

[Jeff D]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008, Freddy Freeloader wrote:

> I am experiencing something with Apache that hasn't been a problem on three
> previous Etch builds.  We use Ajaxterm as a proxy to reach another server as
> part of our web application.  On all previous builds Apache has loaded all
> related proxy modules in the correct order by default.  In this latest
> install--a fresh server build--Apache will not load the load the proxy module
> first and I can find no documentation on how to change the load order in
> Debian.
> Can someone point me towards a link on how to do this?
>
>

Apache loads everything in the order its presented.  For modules listed in
/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/ that would be in alphabetical order.

Though, I have never ran into an issue with modules loading in the
incorrect order, I'm wondering how you went about setting up the modules to
be loaded.  Did you use the a2enmod tool to load up the modules?

Jeff


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Henning Follmann wrote:

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:53:46AM -0500, Jeff Soules wrote:

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:44 AM, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
fail more often under those conditions?

It's purely a statistical property, not related to being in a RAID
array.  But if there's (say) a 5% chance for a given drive to fail on
a given day, there's a 95% chance it won't fail.
If you have two drives, the chance *both* won't fail is the chance of
one not failing, times the chance of the other not failing -- 95%
times 95%, or 90.25%.

With 24, the chance of all the drives not failing is .95^24 or 29.2%.

Of course I just made the rates up, the survival chances of individual
drives are higher.  But logic holds; the more drives you're watching,
the more lucky you'd have to be for none of them to be a dud.


Jeff,
you math is off - way off.

P(one fails) != 5/100

P(two drives fail at the same time) = P(one fails) * P(one fails)

= 25/1

If you have more than 2 drives in the raid you have to make the
cobinatoric calculations of how many configuration can be there for two
drives out of n.
that would be 


2! * (n-2)! / n!

multiply that to P( two drives fail at the same time) where n is the
number of all drives.

Henning




See my replies to other posts in this thread.

The point being that there comes a time when adding more drives actually 
*lowers* the reliability of an array.  Diminishing returns.


RAID is obsolete.  RAID is Old School.   The Zetta file system (ZFS) is 
the New Math.  Looking forward to finding out if it works.


By coincidence, Sun just entered the Storage business.  Their new 
storage appliances don't use RAID, they use ZFS.  Very interesting.


Mark Allums






--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Software For Book Writing

[Stefan Monnier]

>> BTW, what do you mean by "disable UTF"?
>> Other than setting LANG=C what else have you done to tune the system?
> remove all the locales-related packages (remove anything I didn't
> specifically need: disk space is limited too).
> Sure, a 200 MHz box would give faster (twice?) bash response than a
> 486DX4-100MHz.

That might be.  I would suspect the RAM space before the CPU speed, tho.


Stefan "Who doesn't understand why pople use such old systems
given the availability of cheap replacements which are
much smaller and consume less power."


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Jeff Soules wrote:

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:44 AM, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
fail more often under those conditions?


It's purely a statistical property, not related to being in a RAID
array.  But if there's (say) a 5% chance for a given drive to fail on
a given day, there's a 95% chance it won't fail.
If you have two drives, the chance *both* won't fail is the chance of
one not failing, times the chance of the other not failing -- 95%
times 95%, or 90.25%.

With 24, the chance of all the drives not failing is .95^24 or 29.2%.

Of course I just made the rates up, the survival chances of individual
drives are higher.  But logic holds; the more drives you're watching,
the more lucky you'd have to be for none of them to be a dud.

-jeff




Thanks Jeff.  This is what I meant.

I am losing my math.  Age and diabetes, and medication.  When I say 
something, I am always referring to something I read, or occasionally to 
common knowledge.  I rarely assert myself as an expert.  I have some 
experience, and a degree, but I am no genius.  And I am man enough to 
admit it when I learn I'm wrong.  And also when I am too lazy to look 
something up.


Mark Allums  :)


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

Owen Townend wrote:

lee:

You are saying that the age of the drives doesn't matter at all? Then if
you lose one drive out of 24 every month, that would mean that about 4%
of all drives sold are junk. The new ones you get could fail within the
first few minutes ... or not work at all. Or does this mean that it
takes about one to two months before you find out if a new drive is
junk? And why don't the drives that are junk fail in the first few
minutes or don't don't work at all?




Choice quote from the above post by Tracy R Reed:
"
- - There is no infant mortality phase for drives nor is there a
particular age at which they tend to die (no "bathtub curve" typical for
consumer products). Rate of drive failure is initially low but steadily
increases as they age.



This.  This is what I am referring to.  Thanks, Owen.

Mark Allums


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

crash recovery

[tyler]

Hi,

I just experienced a complete freeze of my laptop - amarok was stuck
looping through the same second of music from an online stream, and the
keyboard and mouse stopped responding completely. The screen appeared
fixed, viewing an xpdf window. I couldn't even switch to a terminal to
poke around there, as  C-A-F1 etc. didn't respond.

I'm running Lenny with fluxbox, and had just done an aptitude update. I
don't recall anything heavy, about 40 packages including iceweasel. I
had also just plugged in to the wall socket after running on battery
power for several hours.  

I have checked /var/log/Xorg0.log.old, and the only EE messages are:

(EE) Error compiling keymap (server-0)
(EE) XKB: Couldn't compile keymap

These show up periodically in this file, but not in /var/log/Xorg0.log,
which I take it is the log for my current session. I use a USB keyboard
and USB mouse sometimes, so maybe the error is when the keyboard is
first plugged in or removed?

I don't know where to begin trouble shooting - what's the first step? Is
there something I can do to make it easier to find the problem if it
happens again? I had similar problems in the past that I think were
associated with doing some image manipulation in Inkscape or Gimp that
were taking all of my RAM and CPU, but I wasn't doing anything like that
today. 

Thanks,

Tyler

-- 
I never loan my books, for people never return them. The only books remaining in
my library are those I’ve borrowed from others.
   --unknown


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mark Allums]

lee wrote:

On Tue, 11 Nov 2008 19:54:11 -0600
Mark Allums <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


that three drives is 50% more likely to fail than two.  More than
fifty percent, if I remember my statistics at all correctly.


Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
fail more often under those conditions?


Uh, I am trying to remember the binomial theorem from statistics. 
Nothing to do specifically with HDDs, just applied mathmatics.





If you
have a RAID 50 running on 20 SAS drives and 4 hot spares, you better
buy quite a few for cold spares, you are going to lose a drive every
two months. At least.


You are saying that the age of the drives doesn't matter at all? Then if
you lose one drive out of 24 every month, that would mean that about 4%
of all drives sold are junk. The new ones you get could fail within the
first few minutes ... or not work at all. Or does this mean that it
takes about one to two months before you find out if a new drive is
junk? And why don't the drives that are junk fail in the first few
minutes or don't don't work at all?



Age matters.  Drive either fail in the first 60 days, or last for the 
full length of the design life.  Except when they don't.


Experience teaches that accidents happen.  The Boy Scout motto is:  Be 
prepared.  That's all I'm saying.


Mark Allums



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 09:43:18AM -0800, Carl Johnson wrote:
> Are you trying to use truetype fonts, or are you using fixed fonts?

I tried _every_ font I could find. When one is hopelessly tired, the
meaningless symbol fonts in a terminal have a refresching effect.

> I am using konsole with fixed fonts and white
> characters on a black background

this is one of the best-looking combinations I have found for my eyes.
If you search with google, you will find that many agree with you, and
that someone has found configurations for mrxvt which look almost the
same but are *much* less resource hungry. My hardware and I cannot
permit ourself to run kde/gnome/xfce/... applications, except for a
brief testing.

These are some of the best combinations I have found. But my eyes still
found them sensibly worse than vt console.

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US ; export LANG
#mrxvt -bg black -fg white -geometry 99x37-0+1 \
exec mrxvt -geometry 100x37-0+1 \
-stt -rv -sr -sl 2000 \
-tabfg blue -tabbg grey \
-itabfg black -itabbg "dark gray" \
-fb -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
-fn -misc-console-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
"$@"

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US ; export LANG
exec xvt -bg blue -fg yellow -geometry 100x37-0+1 \
-fb -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
-fn -misc-console-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
"$@"

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US ; export LANG
exec rxvt -bg black -fg white -geometry 100x37-0+1 \
-fb -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
-fn -misc-console-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
"$@"

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ; export LANG
exec /usr/local/bin/urxvt.sarge \
-bg black -fg white -geometry 100x37 \
-fn 
'-misc-console-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1','-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1'
 \
-fb -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
"$@"

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ; export LANG
exec xterm -bg black -fg white -geometry 88x33 \
-fn -Misc-Fixed-Medium-R-Normal--18-120-100-100-C-90-ISO10646-1 \
"$@"

#!/bin/sh
LANG=en_US ; export LANG
exec xvt -bg black -fg green -geometry 100x37-0+1 \
-fb -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
-fn -misc-console-medium-r-normal--16-160-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1 \
"$@"

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 19:24:16 +0100
NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I have only very limited experience with the output of graphic cards
> of the last 7 years (ah, the power of remote unix administration),
> but I have never seen substantial change in the font displayed at
> linux boot with vga=normal (before a console font is loaded from disk)

Maybe it's time to get a new card after 7 years :) But I don't know,
the font has to come from somewhere, and I think it looks very much
like the font used for the BIOS. I'm not using vga=normal; the support
for different resolutions on the console is turned off in the kernel. I
tried it, but using different resolutions makes the font smaller
and/or harder to read and wasn't very useful ...

> no, I am completely ignorant about gamma correction. The use of the
> hardware brightness/contrast change of the monitor is possible, but
> useless at best when one is continuously switching between X and
> console.

Don't switch continuously between X and console ... X is useful: I find
it easier to have 4x4 virtual desktops between which I can seemlessly
switch by just moving the mouse pointer over, and because I can run
console programs as well as GUI programs. So there is no need to switch
away from X, but there would be a need to switch away from the console.

Hm, when you think of it: On the console, you have the whole screen to
display 80x25, but 80x25 is a more or less small window on X. If you
make a terminal filling the whole screen but only displaying 80x25, you
can use a pretty large font for that ...

> Some time ago, I found with Google links like these:

I'll check them out --- maybe I can find some interesting fonts there :)


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Phone App

[David Baron]

> need a little app that will let me dial out and answer the phone using a 
>voice/speakerphone modem to a normal (Luddite) telephone line. What I have 
>found seems to be either dialers (minicom works) and voicemail/answering-
>machine programs (vgetty, tkvoice, ivm). I voicemail with have that with the 
>phone company. I simply want to be able to use my headset as a normal, old-
>fashioned talk and listen telephone.

>Any ideas?

Asterix stuff is a bit to heavy.

Xringd will sense rings and can run scripts. So a simple script to open the 
modem so I can speak using the headset and then hang up when I am done?

Mgetty and vgetty will also answer rings. Mgetty is looking for fax or data. 
All I want to do is talk and listen. Vgetty can be set up as an answering 
machine. This is cool but I want to pick up the phone and talk if I am at the 
computer.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:59:09 -0600
"Boyd Stephen Smith Jr." <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> >So what is the optimal number of disks in a raid 5 and a raid 1?
> 
> If by optimal, you mean, least chance of failure:

Not exactly; I was wondering if there is a breaking point, as in
"adding more drives only increases the chances of the whole array to
fail" beyond that point, and "adding more drives reduces the chances of
the whole array failing" before that point.

Wouldn't it be useful if that breaking point was known for all kinds of
raid setups? The calculation would have to consider the chances of
several drives failing at (about) the same time.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Unappending boot options in Lilo?

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 Osamu Aoki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:40:51AM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Hi,

Last night, I (foolishly) added a couple of items (hda=noprobe hdb=noprobe) to the 
"append" line of lilo.conf without testing them first, and now the boot process 
panics with:

Cannot open root device "hda2" or unknown-block(0,0)
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

So, is there any way, at the boot prompt, to tell Lilo not to append any 
options? (No help from Google; my Google Fu must be weak this morning.)

Run lilo again after rebooting :)


G.


You can boot your system by rescue CDs. Grub CD is one good one.


On my (work-only) Windows machine, Roxio fails to burn a standard Debian LiveCD 
ISO to a CD-R disk using a DVD/CD-R/W drive.  Most frustrating.



I guess you found one reason to migrate to grub ;-)

Hugo


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 10:22:07AM -0600, lee wrote:
> Hm, the console font has changed over the years. I was thinking it has
> to do with which graphics card you are using, but I don't know.

I have only very limited experience with the output of graphic cards of
the last 7 years (ah, the power of remote unix administration), but I
have never seen substantial change in the font displayed at linux boot
with vga=normal (before a console font is loaded from disk)

> Isn't it possible to convert/use the console font for X11?

It must be, and I once (many years ago) tried a conversion with no good
results.

For example, debian has gbdfed (
http://www.math.nmsu.edu/~mleisher/Software/gbdfed/ ) which can import
linux console fonts and can export the "hex" format which is used in the 
unifont packages (which can be used by X).

See the links below: it seems that a ubuntu user was able to use in this
way his preferred VGA console font in gnome terminal.

> It's the hardware what is responsible for the switch in
> brightness/contrast. Did you try to use gamma correction to make up for
> it?

no, I am completely ignorant about gamma correction. The use of the
hardware brightness/contrast change of the monitor is possible, but
useless at best when one is continuously switching between X and
console.

> And I would really like to have the console font for X11. All the
> others are not as easy to read. Why shouldn't that be possible?

me too, but we seem to be about the only ones with this problem, since
debian has a direct solution only for the *opposite* problem (bdf2psf)

Some time ago, I found with Google links like these:

   Linkname: Monospace/Fixed Width Programmer's Fonts
URL: http://www.lowing.org/fonts/

   Linkname: Hackszine.com: The perfect Terminal (or console) font?
URL: 
http://www.hackszine.com/blog/archive/2007/11/the_perfect_terminal_or_consol.html

   Linkname: Renaissance Man: What's your favourite terminal/programming font?
URL: 
http://jack-of-all-tradez.blogspot.com/2007/11/what-your-favourite-terminalprogramming.html


   Linkname: terminal/gnome-console fonts - Ubuntu Forums
URL: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=14275

   Linkname: [ubuntu] vga font in gnome-terminal emulator - Ubuntu Forums
URL: http://backports.ubuntuforums.com/showthread.php?p=5302718


Hopefully your eyes might like these solutions, at least more than my eyes did.

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails (SOLVED) - resend

[lee]

On Thu, 13 Nov 2008 00:15:07 +0800 (CST)
Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I have the database maildb created

Do you really need to use a database? It would be much easier if you
could use a text file to list domains and users. Once it's works, you
can still switch to using a database.

> I have run following commands previously to create the 1st domain on
> this box:-
> 
> mysql> INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES
> -> ('@satimis.com.tld','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'),
> -> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'),
> -> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');
> Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
> Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

That seems to have created a virtual domain satimis.com.tld, with the
users postmaster and abuse and, respectively, these being aliases of
postmaster and abuse at satimis.com. I don't think that "tld" is a
valid top level domain. Do you somehow have MX entries for that domain?

> To add the first new user to the system
> 
> mysql> INSERT INTO users (id,name,maildir,clear) VALUES
> -> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','Stephen','Stephen/','x05satimis');
> Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
> 
> mysql> INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES
> -> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');
> Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
> 
> 
> But I can't find the folder 'Stephen/'

Yeah, that is confusing because of the database overhead. You need to
know what all of this actually means.

> I don't know why?  

Me neither --- I'm somewhat unhappy with the postfix documentation I
found (http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains).
It creates some confusion about what an option like
virtual_mailbox_domains actually is. It would expect it takes some
type of lookup, but the documentation doesn't say, other than "This
parameter expects the same syntax as the mydestination configuration
parameter." It also says the default for virtual_mailbox_domains is
$virtual_mailbox_maps, but virtual_mailbox_maps apparently requires
some type of lookup and cannot be a list separated by whitespace or
commas. Further, virtual_mailbox_maps is always optional, which
means that virtual_mailbox_domains eventually has a default or not,
which I think is bad design. Then, the only purpose of
virtual_mailbox_maps seems to be to be able to specify a path for
each users mailbox. It's sort of a backwards version of
virtual_mailbox_domains.

Do you actually need both? The documentation says: "The SMTP server
validates recipient addresses with $virtual_mailbox_maps and
rejects mail for non-existent recipients." That would mean that
$virtual_mailbox_maps is not optional.

For virtual_mailbox_maps, it says: "In a lookup table, specify a
left-hand side of "@domain.tld" to match any user in the specified
domain that does not have a specific "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" entry." What
is that supposed to mean? Does "not have a specific "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
entry" where? What do they mean with "left-hand side of "@domain.tld"?
The local part, I guess. But what else do you specify in the table?

Anyway, I wouldn't use both virtual_mailbox_maps and
virtual_mailbox_domains, but only virtual_mailbox_maps. If you use both,
you will run into troubles with maintaining consistency once you got a
few domains and a few users in these lists.

> Besides I haven't figured out how to edit main.cf directing the
> incoming mails to their respective folders.  Advice would be
> appreciated.  TIA

It seems that should be specified in virtual_mailbox_maps. But I wonder
how postfix deals with the different data formats of
virtual_mailbox_maps and virtual_mailbox_domains when
virtual_mailbox_domains defaults to virtual_mailbox_maps ...

> No, I don't have large number of domains/users.  This is only a test. 
> I'm trying to learn how to make it through test.

Oh, ok. Keep it as simple as possible then, you can make it as
complicated as you want any time later :) That's one of the things I
like about mail servers: It's basically very simple, but it can be
extremely complicated at the same time. Unless it's only for testing,
the simpler you can keep it, the better the setup is.

> How to make it?  Thanks

Since you want to make it all virtual, make it all virtual :)

> > But the recipient address <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> is graylisted for
> > some
> > reason. And afair, 450 is a temporary error, telling the sending MTA
> > to
> > try again later because it is to be expected that the problem will
> > be solved and the mail can be accepted later, see the RFC. You need
> > to find out why this message has been delivered though it
> > shouldn't, and weather 450 is the right response or not: If you
> > always don't want to accept incoming mail to greylisted addresses,
> > the response should be 550.
> 
> 
> But this only happened once.

That means that it can happen again. You always need to know what's
going on on your servers so that you can decide if something needs to
be done about it, especially if it's something

Re: usb discovery fails on initial boot

[Florian Kulzer]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 10:28:37 +, Russell Gadd wrote:
> Florian Kulzer wrote:
> 
>>
>> The first thing we need to know is if the device node(s) for the USB
>> stick are created reliably. When you have a "first boot" and the icon
>> does not show up, please run
>>
>> ls -l /dev/disk/by-path/ | grep usb
>>
>> and post the output here (or let us know if there is no output). 
>>
>
> Thanks Florian. This command produced no output

This probably means that udev did not create a device node for the USB
stick, which could be due to a bug in udev or due to the kernel not
creating the appropriate hot/coldplug event. The next thing I would try
is to tell udev to trigger uevents for all removable block devices that
are known to the system. To do this, you have to run this command as
root:

udevtrigger --verbose --subsystem-match=block --attr-match=removable=1

The above command should work on Etch, for Lenny/Sid it should be this
one instead:

udevadm trigger --verbose --subsystem-match=block --attr-match=removable=1

Post the output that you get and check if this command leads to the
creation of a /dev/sd* device node for the USB stick. (The "--verbose"
option should make it list all known removable block devices, such as
USB sticks, CD drives, etc.)

-- 
Regards,| http://users.icfo.es/Florian.Kulzer
  Florian   |


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[Carl Johnson]

NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> The huge problem is that all combination of therminals, fonts, color
> depths, screen resolutions, and refresh rates which I could try were
> always "infinitely" less tolerable for my eyes than linux or *BSD vt
> consoles.

Are you trying to use truetype fonts, or are you using fixed fonts?
I find that truetype fonts can't match fixed fonts for terminal type
applications.  I am using konsole with fixed fonts and white
characters on a black background, and that is as good as a console
display for me.  I do use truetype fonts for all other windowing
applications, but they don't work for xterm, konsole, rxvt and other
terminal emulators.
-- 
Carl Johnson[EMAIL PROTECTED]


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Need suggestions for internet messenger app

[Dennis Wicks]

Greetings;

I have installed Ayttm and Pidgin and both work OK except 
they don't support microphone/speaker or webcam.


Does anyone know of messenger/chat programs that do? Also
need to work on Yahoo network.

I'm running lenny/gnome.

Many TIA!

Dennis


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Windows to Debian secure data transfer over internet

[H.S.]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> 
> But winscp has an option to skip over duplicate files.  If you start
> the transfer again with this option set winscp will hop over the
> files that have already been transferred and pick up where it left
> off.  Admittedly this does cause some time penalty while winscp does
> duplicate detection but it's significantly better that starting the
> transfer again.
> Larry

Excellent tip! Thanks a ton.
Regards.



-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[H.S.]

Aneurin Price wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:33 PM, H.S. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> lee wrote:
>>> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 18:31:07 +0530
>>> Raj Kiran Grandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
 Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead
 of localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC
 alarm enabled.
>>> It's supposed to make it easier to deal with daylight saving times.
>> How?
>>
>> I have set my BIOS clock to local time mainly because I run a dual boot
>> machine (Windows and Linux). For me, day light saving time changes occur
>> seamlessly (Debian Testing, but I don't it matters which distro is being
>> used).
>>
> 
> How do you prevent both Linux and Windows from attempting to correct the time
> for DST, and ending up an hour out? Do you just tell one of them not to change
> the clock, and live with it being wrong until you boot into the other one?


Interesting. I haven't had this situation yet, AFAIR. I will try to note
what happens when I boot in to Windows next (haven't done that since the
last DST change).





-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Mike Bird]

In practice, RAID 5 is risky because about half the time that a drive
fails a second drive fails before the rebuild is complete.  The simple
mathematical models don't reflect problems which tend to affect more
than one drive including problems with operating system, controller,
motherboard, cables, PS/U, UPS, power cord, wall current, HVAC, etc.

Years ago we used RAID 5 a lot but these days we use LVM over RAID 1.

--Mike Bird


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[Aneurin Price]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:33 PM, H.S. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> lee wrote:
>> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 18:31:07 +0530
>> Raj Kiran Grandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>> Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead
>>> of localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC
>>> alarm enabled.
>>
>> It's supposed to make it easier to deal with daylight saving times.
>
> How?
>
> I have set my BIOS clock to local time mainly because I run a dual boot
> machine (Windows and Linux). For me, day light saving time changes occur
> seamlessly (Debian Testing, but I don't it matters which distro is being
> used).
>

How do you prevent both Linux and Windows from attempting to correct the time
for DST, and ending up an hour out? Do you just tell one of them not to change
the clock, and live with it being wrong until you boot into the other one?

Personally I find that so annoying that I set my HW clock to GMT and live with
the time being wrong in Windows for 6 months out of the year (actually I bought
a clock and put it next to my computer. Seriously).

If Windows understood that the hardware clock is in GMT then both OSes would be
able to apply their own offsets without worrying about having to change the
clock.

> To the OP, as far as I know, practically it makes sense to set the BIOS
> to local time in the case where your machine also boots in to Windows.
>

I have personally found no solution to the problem of having to use DST (which
I hate), and dual-boot with an operating system that expects the hardware clock
to be local time (which I also hate).

-Nye


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Canadian Walmart Photo Centre Problems?

[S.D.Allen]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:07:29 -0500 (EST), Doug Mitton in 
gmane.linux.debian.user wrote:

> Yes, I agree BUT by update you keep updated in your current version
> "stream".  That I did.  I don't always jump to be the first to use a
> new release "beta" as I'm not always interested in working through the
> new BUGS.

Well you should if only for the security issues surrounding the older
versions !


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Daniel Burrows]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 09:44:47AM -0500, Henning Follmann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
was heard to say:
> On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:53:46AM -0500, Jeff Soules wrote:
> > On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:44 AM, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
> > > you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
> > > in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
> > > often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
> > > fail more often under those conditions?
> > 
> > It's purely a statistical property, not related to being in a RAID
> > array.  But if there's (say) a 5% chance for a given drive to fail on
> > a given day, there's a 95% chance it won't fail.
> > If you have two drives, the chance *both* won't fail is the chance of
> > one not failing, times the chance of the other not failing -- 95%
> > times 95%, or 90.25%.
> > 
> > With 24, the chance of all the drives not failing is .95^24 or 29.2%.
> > 
> > Of course I just made the rates up, the survival chances of individual
> > drives are higher.  But logic holds; the more drives you're watching,
> > the more lucky you'd have to be for none of them to be a dud.
> > 
> Jeff,
> you math is off - way off.
> 
> P(one fails) != 5/100
> 
> P(two drives fail at the same time) = P(one fails) * P(one fails)

  Yes, but he was calculating

P(drive 1 fails OR drive 2 fails) =
  1 - P(neither drive 1 NOR drive 2 fails) =
  1 - P(drive 1 doesn't fail) * P(drive 2 doesn't fail)

  and he already said he made the rates up for illustrative purposes.
Besides, the failure rate is meaningless unless we know the interval --
over a sufficiently long time, I expect that drives will have a failure
rate of 5%.

  Daniel


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 15:13:08 +0100
NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> The first evident part of the problem is that almost all existing
> fonts (even the ones which I have seen on Microsoft or Apple
> machines) are quite horrible for my eyes, and at any rate none of
> them is sufficiently similar to the good old console font.

Hm, the console font has changed over the years. I was thinking it has
to do with which graphics card you are using, but I don't know.

> The only
> font i have found with an acceptable shape for me is the vga font
> from xfonts-dosemu or something like this, but (a) if I recall
> correctly, it does not have all the needed gliphs for iso-1/iso-15
> (even less for unicode, but this is not a problem for me); (b) when X
> has a resolution better than 640x480, then the font becomes too small
> for my eyes (and scaling the font does not geve good results).

Yeah, I remember that font! I also tried to use it for xterm or so, but
afair it didn't have Umlaute and/or other characters I needed.

Isn't it possible to convert/use the console font for X11?

> Quite possibly the biggest part of the problem is in my eyes, but I
> suspect that it is not only this. If I recall corectly, more than 10
> years ago I even tried to take a console font, input it in a program
> to "translate" it in a font for X, and then use the resulting X font.
> The result was a complete failure. 

Oh ... It's not only your eyes, I somewhat have the same problem to
find fonts that are easy to read, and I make them relatively large
--- many websites get messed up because they are so poorly designed
that they can't even deal with a larger font size. But I need things to
be easily readable --- if they are not, it's very straining, and I
change it.

The display device is very important, though. I used to buy used CRTs,
19--24"; and 19" is pretty small. But the last one I had was an Eizo,
the first and only 19" monitor I've seen on which I could use 1600x1200,
and it was better than the same resolution on a 24" monitor from
another manufacturer. Eizo is expensive, but used, they were all
about the same price. --- Now I have a TFT, it's too small, it cannot
display 1600x1200, and it's not very good. I need something better. I'm
still undecided if I like CRTs or TFTs better, but I've seen TFTs I
would prefer any time over a CRT ...

> Another unpleasant thing is that I am not able to configure X to have
> the same resolution, brightness/contrast and refresh rate as the
> console.

That is partly hardware. Black and white --- like white font on a black
background on the console --- is black and white, but with higher
resolutions, higher frequencies are involved. CRTs of not so good
quality can have problems with that. The graphics card is another
factor. There is, for example, a night and day difference between a
NVIDA 5200 and a 7800GFX: The 5200 didn't get the outlines of the
letters sharp, afaik that's a problem with how well they can
handle higher frequencies. In the past, the Matrox G400 and G200 were
known for their ability to display cleaner fonts than other cards ...

> Even when I tried modeline generators (there were also good
> ones online) and xvidtune, a switch in brightness at least,

It's the hardware what is responsible for the switch in
brightness/contrast. Did you try to use gamma correction to make up for
it?

> but almost
> always also a small switch in frequencies, appares from the console to
> startx. Is it the hardware which does not permit the same settings for
> text and graphic modes?

That's a good question ... With CRTs, it was always a big switch in
frequencies; with the TFT, it isn't so noticeable. But unlike a CRT, the
frame rate on TFTs is fixed.

And I would really like to have the console font for X11. All the
others are not as easy to read. Why shouldn't that be possible?


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[owens]

>
>
>
> Original Message 
>From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
>Subject: Re: What is the point of RAID?
>Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 02:44:46 -0600
>
>>On Tue, 11 Nov 2008 19:54:11 -0600
>>Mark Allums <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>> that three drives is 50% more likely to fail than two.  More than
>>> fifty percent, if I remember my statistics at all correctly.
>>
>>Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails
>when
>>you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a
>drive
>>in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
>>often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
>>fail more often under those conditions?
>>
>>> If you
>>> have a RAID 50 running on 20 SAS drives and 4 hot spares, you
>better
>>> buy quite a few for cold spares, you are going to lose a drive
>every
>>> two months. At least.
>>
>>You are saying that the age of the drives doesn't matter at all?
>Then if
>>you lose one drive out of 24 every month, that would mean that about
>4%
>>of all drives sold are junk. The new ones you get could fail within
>the
>>first few minutes ... or not work at all. Or does this mean that it
>>takes about one to two months before you find out if a new drive is
>>junk? And why don't the drives that are junk fail in the first few
>>minutes or don't don't work at all?
>>
>>
The conventional wisdom for hardware is called "infant mortality". 
Most hardware failures occur during the first hundred or so hours of
operation.  This is why good vendors typically burn the devices at
the end of manufacturing prior to shipment.
Larry
>>-- 
>>To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
>>with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>ebian.org
>>
>>
>>




--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Cannot upgrade kernel

[Brian Kimsey-Hickman]

--- On Wed, 11/12/08, Sven Joachim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> From: Sven Joachim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Subject: Re: Cannot upgrade kernel
> To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
> Date: Wednesday, November 12, 2008, 9:59 AM
> On 2008-11-12 15:17 +0100, Brian Kimsey-Hickman wrote:
> 
> > I have been going around in circles on this.  I am
> trying to upgrade
> > my kernel from 2.2.20 to the current stable kernel
> 2.6.18.  When I run
> > aptitude I get a glibc error because it needs at least
> a 2.4.1 kernel
> > to install but the new kernel won't install
> without the new glibc.
> 
> You need to upgrade your kernel before you can upgrade to
> etch.  Replace
> your ancient woody kernel with a newer one from sarge.
> 
> > Anyone know a way around this so I can to get the
> kernel upgraded?
> 
> Download a sarge kernel, e.g. this one:
> http://archive.debian.net/sarge/kernel-image-2.4.27-2-686
> and all its
> dependencies.  Install the packages with dpkg -i, update
> your bootloader
> and reboot.
> 
> If you run into dependency problems, point your
> sources.list to sarge:
> 
> deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ sarge main
> 
> Then, after "apt-get update" you can install a
> sarge kernel without
> problems.
> 
> Sven
> 
> 
> -- 

Thanks.  I probably should have followed that advice.  What I ended up doing 
was copying an old 2.4.18 kernel from a similar system.  Edited lilo.conf and 
ran lilo and believe it or not got the system to boot.  Then I ran aptitude 
dist-upgrade and it took.  I could hardly believe it.  Most definitely not the 
preferred method but I got lucky in this case.

Thanks everyone for you input.

Brian



  


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails (SOLVED) - resend

[Stephen Liu]

--- lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 21:25:24 +0800 (CST)
> Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > building postfix virtual which is my goal.
> 
> Hm, if you want to make it "virtual only", I guess you would have to
> have an empty mydestinations and add all the domains for which mail
> is
> to be delivered locally (that is somewhat illogical, though, because
> the mail is actually being delivered locally, just using a different
> transport) to the database (or to where ever you store the list of
> virtual domains).


That is what I'm trying to do.  I have the database maildb created


To run following commands on mysql to create further new domain:-

INSERT INTO domains (domain) VALUES ('domain.tld'); 
INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES 
('@domain.tld','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'), 
('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'), 
('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');


To run following commands on mysql to add further new user to the
system;_

INSERT INTO users (id,name,maildir,clear) VALUES 
('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','short description','foldername/','password'); 
INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES 
('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');


I have run following commands previously to create the 1st domain on
this box:-

mysql> INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES
-> ('@satimis.com.tld','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'),
-> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]'),
-> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


To add the first new user to the system

mysql> INSERT INTO users (id,name,maildir,clear) VALUES
-> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','Stephen','Stephen/','x05satimis');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO aliases (mail,destination) VALUES
-> ('[EMAIL PROTECTED]','[EMAIL PROTECTED]');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


But I can't find the folder 'Stephen/'


I don't know why?  


Besides I haven't figured out how to edit main.cf directing the
incoming mails to their respective folders.  Advice would be
appreciated.  TIA



> If you do not serve a large number of domains and/or users that are
> not
> local users on the host, you don't need to use virtual domains at
> all.


No, I don't have large number of domains/users.  This is only a test. 
I'm trying to learn how to make it through test.


> It still doesn't work right before you fix the setup of virtual
> domains. Either remove it, or fix it, but if you fix it, you will
> have
> to do something about mydestinations. If you fix it and leave
> mydestinations untouched, you will have specified two different ways
> of
> dealing with mail for some of the domains you serve (i. e. deliver
> locally and deliver "virtually").


How to make it?  Thanks

 
> > Nov 12 12:48:10 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3378]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT
> from
> > web35208.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.87]: 450 4.7.1
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: Recipient address rejected: Greylisted, see
> > http://isg.ee.ethz.ch/tools/postgrey/help/satimis.com.html;
> > from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> proto=SMTP
> > helo=
> > 
> > It also arrived, being added on the same file
> /var/spool/mail/satimis
> > again.
> 
> But the recipient address <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> is graylisted for
> some
> reason. And afair, 450 is a temporary error, telling the sending MTA
> to
> try again later because it is to be expected that the problem will be
> solved and the mail can be accepted later, see the RFC. You need to
> find out why this message has been delivered though it shouldn't, and
> weather 450 is the right response or not: If you always don't want to
> accept incoming mail to greylisted addresses, the response should be
> 550.


But this only happened once.


> To be curious, what happens when a mail is detected to be SPAM or to
> contain a virus? Exim can have mails scanned before accepting them;
> does
> postfix the same? 


I don't know.  I'm learning.


> I would highly recommend that because it's pretty
> much the only policy you can have for viruses: It prevents you from
> making mail vanish without notice --- which is not acceptable in any
> case --- and from flooding the mail queue with error messages that
> cannot be delivered and should not be sent in response to viruses
> anyway. You can do the same for SPAM, unless you have users who
> prefer
> to deal with SPAM themselves. Since sending error messages in
> response
> to SPAM is pretty useless, it's best not to accept SPAM in the first
> place (unless users want to get it). To ward off more SPAM, Exim can
> do
> sender verification (amazingly effective and better than scanning
> because scanning for SPAM takes a lot of ressources) and thus deny to
> accept mail from non-existing or unreachable sender addresses ---
> also
> highly recommended because it is impossible to correctly handle any
> mail from unreachable senders: How would you send the sender an error
> message if needed? You can't

Re: Windows to Debian secure data transfer over internet

[owens]

>
>
>
> Original Message 
>From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
>Subject: Re: Windows to Debian secure data transfer over internet
>Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2008 21:59:10 -0500
>
>>Paul Cartwright wrote:
>>> On Tue November 11 2008, H.S. wrote:
 For now what I have in mind is this:
 1. Ask him to make archive volumes of the data, say 10 MB each.
 2. Ask him to install the GUI scp client on his windows box.
 3. Create account for him on my Debian router machine.
 4. Ask him to start scp transfer of those volumes. They may
>number 300
 in all (around 3GB of data).
 5. If the connection breaks, he can know right away which was the
>last
 volume being transfered and can resume from there.
>>> 
>>> I use winscp frequently to transfer files from a windows box to a
>red hat box. 
>>> Winscp is a free, easy-to-use Secure FTP program. It has a
>dual-window format 
>>> file-manager type display, very similar to WS-FTP.
>>>  see their web site:
>>> http://winscp.net/eng/index.php
>>> 
>>> 
>>
>>Yup, that is what we are trying right now. He logs in using his
>username
>>and password to my machine and is transferring files using winscp
>that
>>he installed a little while ago. The only problem I that scp does
>not
>>appear to support a resume operation so he will have keep track of
>the
>>last file transfered in case of connection loss.
>>
>>Thanks.
>>
>>-- 
>>
>>Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its
>corresponding
>>newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
>>filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted
>without
>>ever having been read.

But winscp has an option to skip over duplicate files.  If you start
the transfer again with this option set winscp will hop over the
files that have already been transferred and pick up where it left
off.  Admittedly this does cause some time penalty while winscp does
duplicate detection but it's significantly better that starting the
transfer again.
Larry
>>
>>
>>-- 
>>To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
>>with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>ebian.org
>>
>>
>>




--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Wednesday 12 November 2008, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote about 'Re: 
What is the point of RAID?':
>On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:44:47 -0500
>
>Henning Follmann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Jeff,
>> you math is off - way off.
>
>Well, the problem is that the more drives you have, the more can fail.
>
>So what is the optimal number of disks in a raid 5 and a raid 1?

If by optimal, you mean, least chance of failure:
raid-1 = aleph-sub-naught. -- more drives, the better, but you gain no 
space with each successive drive.
raid-5 = 3. -- As you add more drives you get more usable space, but gain 
no extra redundancy.  Two drives failing is "game over" and the more 
drives you have (after 2) increases the chance of any two failing.

Personally, I'm happy with raid-5 across 6 drives.  Then at 7+ drives I 
move to raid-6, which doesn't fail until 3 drives fail.

Raid-6 is like raid-5 in that read speeds are great, but write speeds are a 
little slower (raid-6 even slower than raid-5).  When only one drive has 
failed, raid-6 performs similar to raid-5 (quite slow, as reading the data 
from the missing disk requires two reads and a calculation).  When two 
drives have failed, raid-6 can be painfully slow, but still allows you to 
recover.  Raid-6 provides more redundancy than raid-5/0, at the cost of 
write speeds.  The storage requirements are similar.
-- 
Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. ,= ,-_-. =. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED]  ((_/)o o(\_))
ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy   `-'(. .)`-' 
http://iguanasuicide.org/  \_/ 


signature.asc
Description: This is a digitally signed message part.

Re: GConf-CRITICAL problem etc. while upgrading Lenny

[Nick Syrotiuk]

Hi,

apt and aptitude are stuck again:

"Building dependency tree... 50%"

It just hangs.

-

I really wish I had Super Cow powers to solve these problems but I 
don't.  :)


What's a good way to proceed?  My system remains a complete mess.  It 
was so perfect just yesterday...


Regards,
Nick



Sven Joachim wrote:

On 2008-11-12 13:14 +0100, Nick Syrotiuk wrote:


re: problem 1
What command(s) do I need to execute after I correct the typo in the file?


Try "aptitude -f install" or "apt-get -f install".  Or maybe "aptitude
safe-upgrade". 


re: problem 2
Where/how can I find the error messages of the failed
post-installation script?


You ran the upgrade under script, didn't you?  Look in its log file.


My system is very badly messed up:
- tty 1-6 broken; i.e., cannot login


That's rather bad.  What packages are currently broken on your system?

Sven





--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:44:47 -0500
Henning Follmann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Jeff,
> you math is off - way off.

Well, the problem is that the more drives you have, the more can fail.

So what is the optimal number of disks in a raid 5 and a raid 1?


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

change loading order of modules in apache

[Freddy Freeloader]

I am experiencing something with Apache that hasn't been a problem on 
three previous Etch builds.  We use Ajaxterm as a proxy to reach another 
server as part of our web application.  On all previous builds Apache 
has loaded all related proxy modules in the correct order by default.  
In this latest install--a fresh server build--Apache will not load the 
load the proxy module first and I can find no documentation on how to 
change the load order in Debian. 

Can someone point me towards a link on how to do this? 



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[H.S.]

lee wrote:
> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 18:31:07 +0530
> Raj Kiran Grandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>> Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead
>> of localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC
>> alarm enabled.
> 
> It's supposed to make it easier to deal with daylight saving times.

How?

I have set my BIOS clock to local time mainly because I run a dual boot
machine (Windows and Linux). For me, day light saving time changes occur
seamlessly (Debian Testing, but I don't it matters which distro is being
used).

To the OP, as far as I know, practically it makes sense to set the BIOS
to local time in the case where your machine also boots in to Windows.




-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 03:36:15PM +0100, Jochen Schulz wrote:
> Did you try terminus? It's available as console and X11 font and last
> time I tried it looked equally well in both modes.

yes, since their first apparence in debian stable. I agree that they
look very similar in X and in console (the difference is only due to
resolution, refresh rate, brightness and contrast, I suppose). 

But unfortunately my eyes disagree about the "well" part.

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Unappending boot options in Lilo?

[ron.l.johnson]

 Osamu Aoki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:40:51AM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > Last night, I (foolishly) added a couple of items (hda=noprobe hdb=noprobe) 
> > to the "append" line of lilo.conf without testing them first, and now the 
> > boot process panics with:
> >
> > Cannot open root device "hda2" or unknown-block(0,0)
> > Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on 
> > unknown-block(0,0)
> >
> > So, is there any way, at the boot prompt, to tell Lilo not to append any 
> > options? (No help from Google; my Google Fu must be weak this morning.)
>
> Run lilo again after rebooting :)

G.

> You can boot your system by rescue CDs. Grub CD is one good one.

On my (work-only) Windows machine, Roxio fails to burn a standard Debian LiveCD 
ISO to a CD-R disk using a DVD/CD-R/W drive.  Most frustrating.

> http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch04.en.html#stagecthebootloader
> http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch05.en.html#securingtherootpassword
>


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Henning Follmann]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:53:46AM -0500, Jeff Soules wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:44 AM, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
> > you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
> > in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
> > often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
> > fail more often under those conditions?
> 
> It's purely a statistical property, not related to being in a RAID
> array.  But if there's (say) a 5% chance for a given drive to fail on
> a given day, there's a 95% chance it won't fail.
> If you have two drives, the chance *both* won't fail is the chance of
> one not failing, times the chance of the other not failing -- 95%
> times 95%, or 90.25%.
> 
> With 24, the chance of all the drives not failing is .95^24 or 29.2%.
> 
> Of course I just made the rates up, the survival chances of individual
> drives are higher.  But logic holds; the more drives you're watching,
> the more lucky you'd have to be for none of them to be a dud.
> 
Jeff,
you math is off - way off.

P(one fails) != 5/100

P(two drives fail at the same time) = P(one fails) * P(one fails)

= 25/1

If you have more than 2 drives in the raid you have to make the
cobinatoric calculations of how many configuration can be there for two
drives out of n.
that would be 

2! * (n-2)! / n!

multiply that to P( two drives fail at the same time) where n is the
number of all drives.

Henning

-- 
Henning Follmann   | [EMAIL PROTECTED]
it consultant  | www.itcfollmann.com


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[Raj Kiran Grandhi]

lee wrote:

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 18:31:07 +0530
Raj Kiran Grandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead
of localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC
alarm enabled.


It's supposed to make it easier to deal with daylight saving times.


I see. We do not have DST in India so I never faced any problem except 
when installing linux (I have to change UTC=no in /etc/default/rcS)


Thanks for the info.


Other than that, it seems to make sense to refer to GMT/UTC as a
common, invariable source for time information and to go from there:
What is the reason for having GMT/UTC? How do you know what time it is
when every clock shows a different time? :)





--

If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough.
   -- Albert Einstein


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[Jochen Schulz]

NN_il_Confusionario:
> 
> The huge problem is that all combination of therminals, fonts, color
> depths, screen resolutions, and refresh rates which I could try were
> always "infinitely" less tolerable for my eyes than linux or *BSD vt
> consoles.

Did you try terminus? It's available as console and X11 font and last
time I tried it looked equally well in both modes.

J.
-- 
I am on the payroll of a company to whom I owe my undying gratitude.
[Agree]   [Disagree]
 


signature.asc
Description: Digital signature

Re: GConf-CRITICAL problem etc. while upgrading Lenny

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 15:49:29 +0100
Sven Joachim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On 2008-11-12 13:58 +0100, lee wrote:
> 
> > You could try to download libempathy from unstable, install it and
> > then proceed with the update. That might be easier than trying to
> > fix a broken package while your system is messed up.
> 
> The version of libempathy in unstable is the same as in testing.

Experimental is 2.24.1-1.

http://packages.debian.org/experimental/libempathy-gtk-common


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Cannot upgrade kernel

[Sven Joachim]

On 2008-11-12 15:17 +0100, Brian Kimsey-Hickman wrote:

> I have been going around in circles on this.  I am trying to upgrade
> my kernel from 2.2.20 to the current stable kernel 2.6.18.  When I run
> aptitude I get a glibc error because it needs at least a 2.4.1 kernel
> to install but the new kernel won't install without the new glibc.

You need to upgrade your kernel before you can upgrade to etch.  Replace
your ancient woody kernel with a newer one from sarge.

> Anyone know a way around this so I can to get the kernel upgraded?

Download a sarge kernel, e.g. this one:
http://archive.debian.net/sarge/kernel-image-2.4.27-2-686 and all its
dependencies.  Install the packages with dpkg -i, update your bootloader
and reboot.

If you run into dependency problems, point your sources.list to sarge:

deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ sarge main

Then, after "apt-get update" you can install a sarge kernel without
problems.

Sven


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Cannot upgrade kernel

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 06:42:39 -0800 (PST)
Brian Kimsey-Hickman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I was afraid that I was going to have to reinstall the system.  
> 
> You are right.  This is an old system that has not been upgraded in
> quite some time.

Well, you can try to upgrade, but as said, you cannot skip releases. If
it works, it's fine, if it doesn't, you can still reinstall. However,
reinstalling can be an advantage --- or a lot of work ...


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Windows to Debian secure data transfer over internet

[elijah rutschman]

On Tue, Nov 11, 2008 at 6:08 PM, H.S. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I am in a situation where a friend of mine wants to send tons of photos
> to me. Internet connection being what it is regarding stability, I am
> aiming to a method where the photos' transfer can be resumed if the
> connection breaks and is recreated.
>
> Keeping security in mind, I am thinking of asking him to send them over
> to my machine, running Debian Testing, over SSH once I create an account
> for him (we do not want to go for mailing a DVD if we can help it).
>
> Now I wanted to know what is the best way to go about this. He is not a
> computer savvy and does not use Linux. Otherwise I would have just asked
> him to send it over rsync via ssh.
>
> For now what I have in mind is this:
> 1. Ask him to make archive volumes of the data, say 10 MB each.
> 2. Ask him to install the GUI scp client on his windows box.
> 3. Create account for him on my Debian router machine.
> 4. Ask him to start scp transfer of those volumes. They may number 300
> in all (around 3GB of data).
> 5. If the connection breaks, he can know right away which was the last
> volume being transfered and can resume from there.
>
> His upload speed is around 460 kbps. For 3GB of data, we are talking
> around 14 hours needed for the transfer.
>
> Any other suggestions or useful advice?

SFTP + FileZilla is an easy way to do this graphically.  FileZilla is
a cross-platform FTP client that tracks succesful & failed transfers.
The failed transfers can be reprocessed with just a few clicks.

-Elijah


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: GConf-CRITICAL problem etc. while upgrading Lenny

[Sven Joachim]

On 2008-11-12 13:58 +0100, lee wrote:

> You could try to download libempathy from unstable, install it and then
> proceed with the update. That might be easier than trying to fix a
> broken package while your system is messed up.

The version of libempathy in unstable is the same as in testing.

Sven


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Cannot upgrade kernel

[Osamu Aoki]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 06:17:23AM -0800, Brian Kimsey-Hickman wrote:
> I have been going around in circles on this.  I am trying to upgrade my 
> kernel from 2.2.20 to the current stable kernel 2.6.18.  When I run aptitude 
> I get a glibc error because it needs at least a 2.4.1 kernel to install but 
> the new kernel won't install without the new glibc.

You seem to be upgrading system from very old stable to lenny.  You can
not skip stable release and each step upgrade needs attention described
in each release note issed for each stable release.

It is usualy eaier to install new system in such case,  You must make
sure to backup your current system first.

 
http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch03.en.html#systemwideupgradewithaptitude

Osamu



-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: GConf-CRITICAL problem etc. while upgrading Lenny

[Sven Joachim]

On 2008-11-12 13:14 +0100, Nick Syrotiuk wrote:

> re: problem 1
> What command(s) do I need to execute after I correct the typo in the file?

Try "aptitude -f install" or "apt-get -f install".  Or maybe "aptitude
safe-upgrade". 

> re: problem 2
> Where/how can I find the error messages of the failed
> post-installation script?

You ran the upgrade under script, didn't you?  Look in its log file.

> My system is very badly messed up:
> - tty 1-6 broken; i.e., cannot login

That's rather bad.  What packages are currently broken on your system?

Sven


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Unappending boot options in Lilo?

[Osamu Aoki]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 08:40:51AM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Last night, I (foolishly) added a couple of items (hda=noprobe hdb=noprobe) 
> to the "append" line of lilo.conf without testing them first, and now the 
> boot process panics with:
> 
> Cannot open root device "hda2" or unknown-block(0,0)
> Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
> 
> So, is there any way, at the boot prompt, to tell Lilo not to append any 
> options?  (No help from Google; my Google Fu must be weak this morning.)

Run lilo again after rebooting :)

You can boot your system by rescue CDs.  Grub CD is one good one.

http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch04.en.html#stagecthebootloader
http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch05.en.html#securingtherootpassword


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Cannot upgrade kernel

[Brian Kimsey-Hickman]

I was afraid that I was going to have to reinstall the system.  

You are right.  This is an old system that has not been upgraded in quite some 
time.

Thanks,

Brian



  


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Windows to Debian secure data transfer over internet

[H.S.]

Eduardo M KALINOWSKI wrote:

> 
> You could have him burn the photos in a DVD, then you drive over to his
> place, grab the DVD, and copy them to your machine.
> 
> Depending on how far he lives, this might even be faster than
> transferring via Internet.
> 
> 

That would have been the obvious choice has it been practical :)

-- 

Please reply to this list only. I read this list on its corresponding
newsgroup on gmane.org. Replies sent to my email address are just
filtered to a folder in my mailbox and get periodically deleted without
ever having been read.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: When stability is pointless

[tyler]

"Sam Kuper" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
> A number of comments missed my main point, which was:
>
> When 'stable' packages don't work, or are inadequately documented,
> it's a pain because the upstream developers (who are otherwise often
> the first port of call for help and documentation) may no longer
> support the version of the software that the stable package installs.
>

I'm still missing your point here. The example you gave was _not_ of a
stable package not working, it was a stable package that didn't conform
to documentation for a *different* more recent version of the package.
What you appear to want is for upstream developers or package
maintainers to make sure that all the features of the latest release of
a package are fully documented not only for that release, but also for
previous releases. You seem to be overlooking the fact that _new_
features are _new_ exactly because they aren't present in _old_ versions
of a program.

So, unless there's some detail I've missed here, there already exist
individual and community solutions to your problem - install it yourself
from source, or make and share a backported .deb.

Tyler 


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails (SOLVED) - resend

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 21:25:24 +0800 (CST)
Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> building postfix virtual which is my goal.

Hm, if you want to make it "virtual only", I guess you would have to
have an empty mydestinations and add all the domains for which mail is
to be delivered locally (that is somewhat illogical, though, because
the mail is actually being delivered locally, just using a different
transport) to the database (or to where ever you store the list of
virtual domains).

If you do not serve a large number of domains and/or users that are not
local users on the host, you don't need to use virtual domains at all.

It still doesn't work right before you fix the setup of virtual
domains. Either remove it, or fix it, but if you fix it, you will have
to do something about mydestinations. If you fix it and leave
mydestinations untouched, you will have specified two different ways of
dealing with mail for some of the domains you serve (i. e. deliver
locally and deliver "virtually").

> Nov 12 12:48:10 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3378]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from
> web35208.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.87]: 450 4.7.1
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: Recipient address rejected: Greylisted, see
> http://isg.ee.ethz.ch/tools/postgrey/help/satimis.com.html;
> from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> proto=SMTP
> helo=
> 
> It also arrived, being added on the same file /var/spool/mail/satimis
> again.

But the recipient address <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> is graylisted for some
reason. And afair, 450 is a temporary error, telling the sending MTA to
try again later because it is to be expected that the problem will be
solved and the mail can be accepted later, see the RFC. You need to
find out why this message has been delivered though it shouldn't, and
weather 450 is the right response or not: If you always don't want to
accept incoming mail to greylisted addresses, the response should be
550.

To be curious, what happens when a mail is detected to be SPAM or to
contain a virus? Exim can have mails scanned before accepting them; does
postfix the same? I would highly recommend that because it's pretty
much the only policy you can have for viruses: It prevents you from
making mail vanish without notice --- which is not acceptable in any
case --- and from flooding the mail queue with error messages that
cannot be delivered and should not be sent in response to viruses
anyway. You can do the same for SPAM, unless you have users who prefer
to deal with SPAM themselves. Since sending error messages in response
to SPAM is pretty useless, it's best not to accept SPAM in the first
place (unless users want to get it). To ward off more SPAM, Exim can do
sender verification (amazingly effective and better than scanning
because scanning for SPAM takes a lot of ressources) and thus deny to
accept mail from non-existing or unreachable sender addresses --- also
highly recommended because it is impossible to correctly handle any
mail from unreachable senders: How would you send the sender an error
message if needed? You can't, thus your server would make mail
vanish, which is not acceptable, and it is not correct handling not to
send one when needed. So don't accept mail you know you cannot handle
correctly. If postfix can do all that, set it up to do it. If it can't,
use Exim ...

> I have no idea what does it refer to on following link;
> 
> http://isg.ee.ethz.ch/tools/postgrey/help/satimis.com.html

This is probably not the right URL. I guess it should point to the
postgrey you are running on xen05, not the postgrey running on another
computer. You might have to change that somewhere in the configuration
of something (probably postgrey).

> Again sent another mail on Gmail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]  It also
> arrived being added to /var/spool/mail/satimis file

How comes that the recipient address is greylisted when you send mail
from yahoo but not when you send mail from gmail to the same recipient
address?

> Now how can I make the 1st incoming mail creating subdirectoris /cur
> /new etc automatically.  TIA

You need to configure postfix to use maildir instead of (I think) mbox.

What about:

> drwxr-sr-x  2 virtual virtual  4096 2008-11-08 06:33 virtual

? Is that a directory in which the mail is delivered that goes to
virtual domains?


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Cannot upgrade kernel

[Brian Kimsey-Hickman]

I have been going around in circles on this.  I am trying to upgrade my kernel 
from 2.2.20 to the current stable kernel 2.6.18.  When I run aptitude I get a 
glibc error because it needs at least a 2.4.1 kernel to install but the new 
kernel won't install without the new glibc.

Here is what is happening.  I am entering:

aptitude install linux-image-2.6.18-6-686

After the usual output I get this:

preparing to replace libc6 2.3.2.ds1-22sarge3 (using 
.../libc6_2.3.6.ds1-13etch7i386.deb) ...

Then I get notices that I need to turn off daemons like xdm, kdm, xscreensaver 
all of which are off or not installed.  And then it asks:

Do you want to upgrade glibc now? [Y/n]

After I select Y I get this message:

WARNING:  This version of glibc requires that you be running kernel version 
2.4.1 or later. . .

dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/lib6_2.3.6.ds1-13etch7_i386.deb 
--unpack):
subprocess pre-installation script returned error exit status 1

Then the whole thing bombs.

I have tried an aptitude dist-upgrade and that did not work.  Same error 
messages.  I tried putting a hold on glibc but that didn't work either.  Even 
tried the -f parameter with aptitude with no success.

Anyone know a way around this so I can to get the kernel upgraded?

Thanks,

Brian




  


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Canadian Walmart Photo Centre Problems?

[Doug Mitton]

References: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 02:10:07 +0100, you wrote:


On Tue, Nov 11, 2008 at 09:28:10AM -0500, Doug Mitton wrote:

On Sun, 09 Nov 2008 17:31:16 +0100, you wrote:

>Hi All;
>
>I'm looking to see if anyone can confirm a change on the Walmart Photo web
>site.  It appears it has gone "Internet Explorer" only as I can't get
>Konqueror or Mozilla on Linux (or WinXP) to work.  The clerk at the store
>says she is processing online orders.  It was working fine for the last
>couple of years and up to 1 month ago.  The "look" is now different also.



>
>TIA!

Well, I haven't really heard from Walmart BUT I have found a solution.

I have been using Mozilla Firefox 1.5.x since my original
installation.  It seems that Walmart has now made this version
obsolete.  If I upgrade to (interim) 2.0.0.17 or the current 3.0.3 all
is working again.



Any way, it seems to be resolved ... for now!

Thanks for all the feedback and comments!


Heh. This is why you should always keep your programs updated to the
most recent version, especially for something as commonly used as
Firefox. In case you have more problems you could try the User Agent
Switch plugin for Firefox, I've had very good success setting my Firefox
to show up as Netscape on Vista.


Yes, I agree BUT by update you keep updated in your current version
"stream".  That I did.  I don't always jump to be the first to use a
new release "beta" as I'm not always interested in working through the
new BUGS.

[In this case Firefox jumped from 2.0 to 3.0 very quickly.]

Also, I do use "User Agent Switcher" and it didn't help in this case.
Only updating from the 1.x stream to the 2.x or 3.x streams solved the
problem.

--

 Doug Mitton - Linux Counter #50401



--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[NN_il_Confusionario]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 07:12:52AM -0600, lee wrote:
> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 11:23:27 +0100
> NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > My *HUGE* problem with X has always been, and very possibly will
> > always be, the readability of terminals.
> > 
> > The huge problem is that all combination of therminals, fonts, color
> > depths, screen resolutions, and refresh rates which I could try were
> > always "infinitely" less tolerable for my eyes than linux or *BSD vt
> > consoles.
> 
> Hm, where does this problem come from?

If I knew this, then very likely I would know either how to solve the
problem or why I cannot solve the problem.

The first evident part of the problem is that almost all existing fonts
(even the ones which I have seen on Microsoft or Apple machines) are
quite horrible for my eyes, and at any rate none of them is sufficiently
similar to the good old console font. The only font i have found with an
acceptable shape for me is the vga font from xfonts-dosemu or something
like this, but (a) if I recall correctly, it does not have all the
needed gliphs for iso-1/iso-15 (even less for unicode, but this is not a
problem for me); (b) when X has a resolution better than 640x480, then
the font becomes too small for my eyes (and scaling the font does not
geve good results).

Quite possibly the biggest part of the problem is in my eyes, but I
suspect that it is not only this. If I recall corectly, more than 10
years ago I even tried to take a console font, input it in a program to
"translate" it in a font for X, and then use the resulting X font. The
result was a complete failure. 

Another unpleasant thing is that I am not able to configure X to have
the same resolution, brightness/contrast and refresh rate as the
console. Even when I tried modeline generators (there were also good
ones online) and xvidtune, a switch in brightness at least, but almost
always also a small switch in frequencies, appares from the console to
startx. Is it the hardware which does not permit the same settings for
text and graphic modes?

-- 
Chi usa software non libero avvelena anche te. Digli di smettere.
Informatica=arsenico: minime dosi in rari casi patologici, altrimenti letale.
Informatica=bomba: intelligente solo per gli stupidi che ci credono.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: What is the point of RAID?

[Jeff Soules]

On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 3:44 AM, lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Do you mean it is more likely that any one drive in the array fails when
> you have more drives, or do you mean that it is more likely for a drive
> in the array to fail when you have more drives? If drives fail more
> often when being used in an array with more drives, what makes them
> fail more often under those conditions?

It's purely a statistical property, not related to being in a RAID
array.  But if there's (say) a 5% chance for a given drive to fail on
a given day, there's a 95% chance it won't fail.
If you have two drives, the chance *both* won't fail is the chance of
one not failing, times the chance of the other not failing -- 95%
times 95%, or 90.25%.

With 24, the chance of all the drives not failing is .95^24 or 29.2%.

Of course I just made the rates up, the survival chances of individual
drives are higher.  But logic holds; the more drives you're watching,
the more lucky you'd have to be for none of them to be a dud.

-jeff


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Unappending boot options in Lilo?

[ron.l.johnson]

Hi,

Last night, I (foolishly) added a couple of items (hda=noprobe hdb=noprobe) to 
the "append" line of lilo.conf without testing them first, and now the boot 
process panics with:

Cannot open root device "hda2" or unknown-block(0,0)
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

So, is there any way, at the boot prompt, to tell Lilo not to append any 
options?  (No help from Google; my Google Fu must be weak this morning.)

Thanks


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails (SOLVED) - resend

[Stephen Liu]

Hi lee,


Your advice solves my pending problem.  Thanks.


I'm following this howto;

http://flurdy.com/docs/postfix/edition5.html

building postfix virtual which is my goal.  This is my 5th round.  All
previous tests failed (following other howto NOT relating to this
howto).


> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 14:57:54 +0800 (CST)
> Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > # grep relayhost /etc/postfix/main.cf
> > relayhost =
> 
> Ok, I guess that would mean that there are no hosts specified for
> which
> xen05 is allowed to relay mail.
> 
> > comment out that line 'mydestination';
> 
> http://www.postfix.org/basic.html says:
> 
>   "The mydestination parameter specifies what domains this machine
> will
>deliver locally, instead of forwarding to another machine. The
> default
>is to receive mail for the machine itself."
> 
> See also the examples for the default on that page. I don't know what
> exactly you are trying to do --- if you only want to send and recieve
> mail from and to users on xen05, the default for mydestination should
> suffice.
> 
> But if you are trying to have mail for users at another domain
> (satimis.com is another domain) delivered locally, you need to
> specify
> that domain as one of the domains given in mydestination. For
> example:
> 
> mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,
> satimis.com


The above advice works seamlessly.  Incoming mails arrive.


Made following tests;


1)
Sent a mail on Gmail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]  Mail arrived, being
delivered to /var/spool/mail/satimis file


# tail /var/log/mail.log
Nov 12 12:41:31 xen05 postfix/cleanup[3176]: 757D9782F6:
message-id=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Nov 12 12:41:31 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3180]: disconnect from
localhost.localdomain[127.0.0.1]
Nov 12 12:41:31 xen05 postfix/qmgr[2884]: 757D9782F6:
from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, size=2221, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Nov 12 12:41:31 xen05 amavis[2419]: (02419-01) FWD via SMTP:
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> -> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, 250 2.6.0 Ok,
id=02419-01, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as
757D9782F6
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 postfix/local[3182]: 757D9782F6:
to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, relay=local, delay=0.58,
delays=0.08/0.37/0/0.14, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to mailbox)
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 postfix/qmgr[2884]: 757D9782F6: removed
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 amavis[2419]: (02419-01) Passed CLEAN,
[74.125.44.152] [74.125.44.152] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> ->
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Message-ID:
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, mail_id:
12vF5yRxczq8, Hits: -, queued_as: 757D9782F6, 1722 ms
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 amavis[2419]: (02419-01) TIMING [total 1736 ms] -
SMTP EHLO: 341 (20%)20, SMTP pre-MAIL: 1 (0%)20, mkdir tempdir: 15
(1%)21, create email.txt: 2 (0%)21, SMTP pre-DATA-flush: 11 (1%)21,
SMTP DATA: 10 (1%)22, body_digest: 10 (1%)23, gen_mail_id: 4 (0%)23,
mkdir parts: 1 (0%)23, mime_decode: 136 (8%)31, get-file-type1: 73
(4%)35, decompose_part: 2 (0%)35, parts_decode: 0 (0%)35, update_cache:
110 (6%)41, decide_mail_destiny: 2 (0%)41, fwd-connect: 160 (9%)51,
fwd-mail-from: 11 (1%)51, fwd-rcpt-to: 26 (2%)53, fwd-data-cmd: 2
(0%)53, write-header: 12 (1%)54, fwd-data-contents: 0 (0%)54,
fwd-data-end: 38 (2%)56, fwd-rundown: 6 (0%)56, prepare-dsn: 734
(42%)98, main_log_entry: 15 (1%)99, update_snmp: 7 (0%)100,
unlink-1-files: 5 (0%)100, rundown: 1 (0%)100
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 postfix/smtp[3178]: DA9DB782D3:
to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.4,
delays=1.6/0.03/0.41/1.4, dsn=2.6.0, status=sent (250 2.6.0 Ok,
id=02419-01, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as
757D9782F6)
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 postfix/qmgr[2884]: DA9DB782D3: removed


# ls -al /var/spool/mail/
total 52
drwxrwsr-x  3 rootmail 4096 2008-11-12 12:55 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 rootroot 4096 2008-11-07 11:31 ..
-rw---  1 rootmail30076 2008-11-12 06:25 root
-rw---  1 satimis mail 6639 2008-11-12 12:55 satimis
drwxr-sr-x  2 virtual virtual  4096 2008-11-08 06:33 virtual


2)
Sent another mail on Yahoo to [EMAIL PROTECTED]


# tail /var/log/mail.log
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 amavis[2419]: (02419-01) TIMING [total 1736 ms] -
SMTP EHLO: 341 (20%)20, SMTP pre-MAIL: 1 (0%)20, mkdir tempdir: 15
(1%)21, create email.txt: 2 (0%)21, SMTP pre-DATA-flush: 11 (1%)21,
SMTP DATA: 10 (1%)22, body_digest: 10 (1%)23, gen_mail_id: 4 (0%)23,
mkdir parts: 1 (0%)23, mime_decode: 136 (8%)31, get-file-type1: 73
(4%)35, decompose_part: 2 (0%)35, parts_decode: 0 (0%)35, update_cache:
110 (6%)41, decide_mail_destiny: 2 (0%)41, fwd-connect: 160 (9%)51,
fwd-mail-from: 11 (1%)51, fwd-rcpt-to: 26 (2%)53, fwd-data-cmd: 2
(0%)53, write-header: 12 (1%)54, fwd-data-contents: 0 (0%)54,
fwd-data-end: 38 (2%)56, fwd-rundown: 6 (0%)56, prepare-dsn: 734
(42%)98, main_log_entry: 15 (1%)99, update_snmp: 7 (0%)100,
unlink-1-files: 5 (0%)100, rundown: 1 (0%)100
Nov 12 12:41:32 xen05 postfix/smtp[3178]: DA9DB782D3:
to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.4,
delays=1.6/0.03/0.41/1.4, dsn=2.

Re: how to change date of system

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 18:31:07 +0530
Raj Kiran Grandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead
> of localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC
> alarm enabled.

It's supposed to make it easier to deal with daylight saving times.
Other than that, it seems to make sense to refer to GMT/UTC as a
common, invariable source for time information and to go from there:
What is the reason for having GMT/UTC? How do you know what time it is
when every clock shows a different time? :)


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 11:23:27 +0100
NN_il_Confusionario <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> My *HUGE* problem with X has always been, and very possibly will
> always be, the readability of terminals.
> 
> The huge problem is that all combination of therminals, fonts, color
> depths, screen resolutions, and refresh rates which I could try were
> always "infinitely" less tolerable for my eyes than linux or *BSD vt
> consoles.

Hm, where does this problem come from? If you can get a good refresh
rate and useable resolution, there is a number of terminal windows you
can choose from, and the background and foreground color and the fonts
they use are adjustable.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: OT about Asus, was Re: What is the point of RAID?

[lee]

On Sun, 09 Nov 2008 08:32:14 -0600
Mark Allums <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Does anybody sleep around here?

Yes, I'm asleep ...


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: how to change date of system

[Raj Kiran Grandhi]

lee wrote:

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 10:16:03 +0100
"abdelkader belahcene" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Hi,
I want to change the time for my system, ( the time displayed doesn't
correspond to my country which is gmt+1)
I use date -s, but I have to do it at each reboot,
how to do it permanently


Set the time in the BIOS to GMT, edit /etc/default/rcS (UTC=yes) and run
"dpkg-reconfigure tzdata" to specify your timezone.


Just curious, what is the reason for setting BIOS time to GMT instead of 
localtime? It is simpler using localtime when I have wake on RTC alarm 
enabled.




To keep always the correct time, you can run ntpd.





--

If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough.
   -- Albert Einstein


--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: GConf-CRITICAL problem etc. while upgrading Lenny

[lee]

On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 12:14:18 +
Nick Syrotiuk <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> My system is very badly messed up:
> - tty 1-6 broken; i.e., cannot login
> - gnome broken: application windows crash; "clearlooks" theme has 
> vanished; fonts messed up
> - apt and aptitude were both stuck after the upgrade as well but 
> removing epiphany seemed to fix that

You could try to download libempathy from unstable, install it and then
proceed with the update. That might be easier than trying to fix a
broken package while your system is messed up.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Re: postfix can't send and receive mails (SOLVED)

[Stephen Liu]

Hi lee,





> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008 14:57:54 +0800 (CST)
> Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > # grep relayhost /etc/postfix/main.cf
> > relayhost =
> 
> Ok, I guess that would mean that there are no hosts specified for
> which
> xen05 is allowed to relay mail.
> 
> > comment out that line 'mydestination';
> 
> http://www.postfix.org/basic.html says:
> 
>   "The mydestination parameter specifies what domains this machine
> will
>deliver locally, instead of forwarding to another machine. The
> default
>is to receive mail for the machine itself."
> 
> See also the examples for the default on that page. I don't know what
> exactly you are trying to do --- if you only want to send and recieve
> mail from and to users on xen05, the default for mydestination should
> suffice.
> 
> But if you are trying to have mail for users at another domain
> (satimis.com is another domain) delivered locally, you need to
> specify
> that domain as one of the domains given in mydestination. For
> example:
> 
> mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,
> satimis.com
> 
> You need to read the documentation to find out what exactly
> $myhostname
> and $mydomain are and/or how they get filled. I still have doubts
> about
> localhost.$mydomain, that one doesn't make any sense to me: localhost
> is localhost, there is no domain involved with that.
> 
> > # tail /var/log/mail.log
> > Nov 12 06:53:52 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: connect from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]
> > Nov 12 06:53:53 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT
> from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]: 554 5.7.1
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: Relay access denied;
> 
> That seems about right because you don't have specified that
> mail for users at satimis.com is to be delivered locally.
> 
> Note that xen05.satimis.com and satimis.com are two different domains
> (or hosts). That's why I pointed out in my other post that in terms
> of
> mail delivery, a domain is always a FQDN.
> 
> > from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> proto=SMTP
> > helo=
> > Nov 12 06:53:54 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: disconnect from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]
> > Nov 12 06:53:55 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: connect from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]
> > Nov 12 06:53:56 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT
> from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]: 554 5.7.1
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: Relay access denied;
> from=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> > to=<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> proto=SMTP
> helo=
> 
> You are not delivering mail for satimis.com locally, and you don't
> relay it, either. The only choice is to reject it. Remember, in terms
> of mail delivery, a domain is always a FQDN.
> 
> > Nov 12 06:53:56 xen05 postfix/smtpd[3448]: disconnect from
> > web35206.mail.mud.yahoo.com[66.163.179.85]
> > Nov 12 06:57:16 xen05 postfix/anvil[3449]: statistics: max
> connection
> > rate 2/60s for (smtp:66.163.179.85) at Nov 12 06:53:55
> > Nov 12 06:57:16 xen05 postfix/anvil[3449]: statistics: max
> connection
> > count 1 for (smtp:66.163.179.85) at Nov 12 06:53:52
> > Nov 12 06:57:16 xen05 postfix/anvil[3449]: statistics: max cache
> size
> > 1 at Nov 12 06:53:52
> 
> These max values seem a bit odd. Only 2 connections per minute
> allowed?
> Cache size only 1 (1 of what?)?
> 
> > Could you please explain in more detail.  Where to check and how to
> > correct it.  TIA
> 
> Well, I can try, but like I said, I don't know postfix ... You need
> to
> tell us what exactly you want to do (relay mail? recieve it? send
> it? ...), what domains and hosts are involved and how mail arrives
> (static IP? fetchmail?).
> 
> The next thing is to check the stuff about virtual domains --- I'm
> guessing that you don't need any of that. See
> http://www.postfix.org/virtual.8.html:
> 
> "   virtual_mailbox_domains ($virtual_mailbox_maps)
>   Postfix is final destination for the specified list
>   of   domains;  mail  is  delivered  via  the  $vir-
>   tual_transport mail delivery transport.
> "
> 
> "   virtual_mailbox_maps (empty)
>   Optional lookup tables with all valid addresses  in
>   the domains that match $virtual_mailbox_domains.
> "
> 
> Now you specified
> 
> > mysql> SELECT * from domains;  
> > +--+---+---+-+
> > | pkid | domain| transport | enabled |
> > +--+---+---+-+
> > |1 | localhost | virtual:  |   1 |
> > |2 | localhost.localdomain | virtual:  |   1 |
> > |3 | satimis.com.tld   | virtual:  |   1 |
> > +--+---+---+-+
> > 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
> 
> ... which would indicate that you are trying to deliver mail to a
> final
> destination of localhost and satimis.com. Above description in the
> manpage leaves unclear how postfix decides for which mail the

Re: Very slim Desktop Manager

[Sam Kuper]

2008/11/12 Tzafrir Cohen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> On Fri, Nov 07, 2008 at 07:29:10AM +0530, Sridhar M.A. wrote:
>> In addition to all the advice you have so far received, I would suggest
>> you to try damnsmalllinux. It is a live cd based on debian.
>
> A live CD wastes memory for usage as a ramdisk.

DSL can be installed to boot from HDD. I believe that in this usage,
it doesn't need a ramdisk.


-- 
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]