date:20150415


On 04/15/2015 08:54 PM, Gene Heskett wrote:

I finally found enough of a round tuit to burn the cd and try it.
Seatools found and tested all 3 drives, no hits no runs no errors. ...
1. DON"T leave your cell phone plugged in ...
2. that solved & rebooted, with one of the 2T's in the sdb slot, gparted
said it had NO partition table! ...
So, progress from the WV version of Lake Woebegone. :)


It's good to hear that your hardware seems okay and you are making 
progress.  Please let us know what you find next.



David


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vsftpd Chinese garbled

2015-04-15 Thread mudongliang

Is there anyone noticing Chinese garbled in vsftpd package ?
I use the default configure after installing vsftpd by apt-get. 
But when I use filezilla to upload / download things , it will occur
Chinese garbled!

mudongliang


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Re: Is gnome-core really the gnome minimal install?

Quoting August Karlstrom (fusionf...@gmail.com):
> On 2015-04-14 17:10, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> >On Tue, 14 Apr 2015, August Karlstrom wrote:
> >>What advantages do you see with adding your own udev rule compared
> >>to simply starting a ConsoleKit session?
> >>
> >>exec ck-launch-session dbus-launch 
> >>
> >>instead of
> >>
> >>exec 
> >
> >None really, except to keep system overhead as small as possible.
> [...]
> >I wanted the smallest, lightest install of Wheezy 64-bit I could get.
> >I started with a basic terminal system and added the rest piece by
> >piece.
> 
> That's what I do too. I have a script that installs a few packages
> and configurations on top of a basic Debian server installation.
> 
> >So, I just don't run (or have installed) a lot of "support" stuff
> >that normal "desktop" systems do. I even boot to a terminal where I
> >login, then manually start X and Openbox with startx.
> 
> I agree, for me a display manager is one of those unnecessary
> features. Since I almost always want to use a GUI, however, my
> ~/.profile ends with
> 
> #start an X session when logging in on the first virtual console
> if [ "$(tty)" = /dev/tty1 ] && [ -z "$DISPLAY" ]; then
> exec startx > ~/.xsession-errors 2>&1
> fi
> 
> >Writing my own udev rules was in keeping with that minimalism.
> 
> I tried to do that myselft but I never got it working. That's why I had
> to resort to ck-launch-session.

I, too, boot to a VC and run startx whereupon .xsession runs fvwm and
opens a bunch of xterms (using xtoolwait from squeeze to serialise
them). But I don't understand what starting a ConsoleKit session
does. Will I see something different on the screen?

I looked at
http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/5220/what-are-consolekit-and-policykit-how-do-they-work
but don't understand it. If several users are logged in, does each
user run on the same Xserver? Do their sessions keep running while one
user is actively using their own session? What are the resource
implications? This little laptop is already running much more slowly
with jessie/systemd.

That page has a link to
http://www.freedesktop.org/software/ConsoleKit/doc/ConsoleKit.html
which is one of those pages that looks as if it's written for a
computer science course.

The first page also says that ConsoleKit has been largely replaced by
systemd-logind. Well, I have that and it appears to be running:

$ dpkg -S systemd-logind
systemd: /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-logind.8.gz
systemd: /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/systemd-logind.service
systemd: /lib/systemd/systemd-logind
systemd: /lib/systemd/system/systemd-logind.service
systemd: /lib/systemd/systemd-logind-launch
systemd: /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-logind.service.8.gz
$ loginctl list-seats | tee
SEAT
seat0   

1 seats listed.
$ 

man systemd-logind   points me to
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/multiseat/
which makes me none the wiser. The "Uses" section assumes I am writing
system software, and the very last sentence on the page implies I'm
running a DM. Neither of these is true.

So when you say you resorted to simply starting a ck-launch-session,
how did that make up for not being able to get udev rules to work?

Cheers,
David.

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Re: wheezy drive recognition?

2015-04-15 Thread Gene Heskett

On Wednesday 15 April 2015 13:37:43 Gene Heskett wrote:
[...]
> I think I'll burn that cd of the seagate dos utils and see what it
> says, which will entail a power down reboot if I put it on the spare
> cables, or something along those lines that will force me to do a P.D.
> reboot. Uptime is currently about 12 days.  And we have at least 10
> days before Jessie is declared, so I haven't been in a life or death
> hurry.  Since I woke up this morning, which is a good sign at my age,
> I'll put that off a few hours. ;-)
>
I finally found enough of a round tuit to burn the cd and try it.
Seatools found and tested all 3 drives, no hits no runs no errors.

But I am now smarter on two fronts.

1. DON"T leave your cell phone plugged in when rebooting, you get drive C 
has no boot capability messages from the bios, while I am shaking my 
head and muttering that famous 3 letter acronym.

So I wasted several hours letting it go thru one cycle of memtest, then 
doing a bios reset & re-putz with some on the options before in dawned 
on me my tracfone is still plugged in AND a POS.  Turned off, it still 
shows up as a 50 megabyte removeable disk!  Unforgivable idiocy.

2. that solved & rebooted, with one of the 2T's in the sdb slot, gparted 
said it had NO partition table! So I expect the 2nd one has no partition 
table on it either. So I partitioned and labeled it half & half as /home 
and /opt.  Reboot, lshw and blkid are now happy as clams.

So, progress from the WV version of Lake Woebegone. :)

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

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Re: Is gnome-core really the gnome minimal install?

Quoting Patrick Bartek (nemomm...@gmail.com):
> On Mon, 13 Apr 2015, David Wright wrote:
> > Quoting Patrick Bartek (nemomm...@gmail.com):
> > > On Sun, 12 Apr 2015, bri...@aracnet.com wrote:
> > > > i'll second the use of openbox.  i use it with fbpanel.
> > > > i too believe that gnome just pulls in way too much "stuff".
> > > > the most inconvenient thing about not using gnome is not having a way
> > > > to handle USS mass storage devices.
> > >
> > > I wrote a generic udev rule for that.  Of course, there are also
> > > mounting utilities that do the same thing.  But I opted for the
> > > light-on-resources rule instead.
> 
> The rule mounts and unmounts flash drives -- just plug and unplug -- and
> cards (any type using an external card or multi-card reader.  The
> caveat is: you must plug the card in first, then plug the reader in.
> Unmount by unplugging reader with the card still in it, then remove the
> card. Doesn't work with internal multi-card readers.  Probably not with
> single internal readers either.  For that you need a daemon like
> udisks-daemon set to poll each card slot of the reader.  

Thanks for posting that. I've got some homework to do!

I can understand the plugging in, and I think I understand the bit
about card readers: if I plug an SD card into my laptop slot, it
appears in a completely different manner from how it appears if the
SD card is in a USB converter (the "card reader").

So in goes the USB plug, udev applies the rule and the device gets
mounted.

But I don't understand how unplugging works. My experience is that
with FAT-ish devices, if sync has been executed and time elapsed,
the only problem with pulling the plug (not having umounted) is that
the user may not be able to umount the mount point, but need to do it
as root. With extX filesystems, that wouldn't work at all because the
filesystem would still be marked as dirty.

Are you using some sort of safe-to-remove-hardware button like windows?

> # remove the symbolic link to ~/{usb_folder}
> ACTION=="remove", RUN+="/bin/rm -f '/home/aardvark/Desktop/%E{dir_name}'"
> 
> # clean up after device removal
> ACTION=="remove", ENV{dir_name}!="", RUN+="/bin/umount -l 
> '/media/%E{dir_name}'", RUN+="/bin/rmdir '/media/%E{dir_name}'"

I need to figure out precisely what terms like "detach", "clean up"
and "busy" mean in man umount -l.

Cheers,
David.

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Re: Book questions

2015-04-15 Thread Rusi Mody

On Wednesday, April 15, 2015 at 11:30:04 PM UTC+5:30, David Christensen wrote:
> On 04/14/2015 11:11 PM, Rusi Mody wrote:
> > I find the Friedman books better.

http://www.amazon.com/Scheme-Art-Programming-George-Springer/dp/0262192888
http://www.amazon.com/Essentials-Programming-Languages-Daniel-Friedman/dp/0262062798
http://www.amazon.com/The-Seasoned-Schemer-Daniel-Friedman/dp/026256100X
http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/reasoned-schemer

I personally used and liked and taugh using the 1st 2.  Others are famous but I
am not familiar

MIT Press list here but misses my favorites:
http://mitpress.mit.edu/authors/daniel-p-friedman


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Need help with a broken Jessie/Xfce4 desktop box

2015-04-15 Thread Paul E Condon

I was trying to get sound working again. It last worked many wks ago,
but I hardly ever use it. So I don't know when it became broken (again).
Current problem is that aptitude feels that it needs to install a
libuuid-perl in order to install
linux-base (which somehow became uninstalled, or needs to be upgraded,
   I can't tell which)
but libuuid-perl needs a different kernel than I am currently running
and aptitude advises not replacing the running kernel. And doesn't
suggest any alternative.
I think I am running kernel 3.16.0-4-686-pae
That is the number string on both initrd.img and vmlinuz.

How can I break this deadlock? 

Until very recently, I have been following all the upgrades to Jessie
on a daily basis, may not have in the last few days.

The system rebooted in its current condition, with the deaklock still
there. (How can a linux system boot without a working version of
linux-base?)

Thanks,
-- 
Paul E Condon   
pecon...@mesanetworks.net


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Re: samba issue

2015-04-15 Thread Janis Hamme

I had a similar problem with samba (on jessie), but under slightly
different conditions. Under full load
the interface went down and it took several minutes to retrieve
connectivity.

I solved the problem by switching from the default driver (r8169) to the
optional r8168 kernel module available through r8168-dkms.
If you're also using a realtek nic compatible with the r8168 module that
might be worth a try.

Btw: I wouldn't specify any "socket options" unless you're having
performance problems. Under normal conditions the parameters are
automatically adjusted and manually tuning these parameters might worsen
you're performance (see man smb.conf).

Janis


Am 15.04.2015 um 17:26 schrieb Pol Hallen:
> Hi folks :-)
>
> on debian stable I've a default samba file sharing config. Everything 
> works perfectly (almost...).
>
>  From linux and windows clients (wired and wifi too) when I (i.e. listen 
> musics) often (one time every 4/5 minutes) networks collapse (for less 
> one second) and later goes up. So I've an interrupt of broadcast.
>
> Using rsync or wget for transfer files from same server I don't have the 
> problem (avoiding samba service).
>
> I've several network interfaces, this problem happens on all interfaces.
>
> samba logs (debug) nothing of good to audit, system log none, iptables 
> is ok, I tried with minimal services (samba only), I try to modify tcp 
> socks to tuning samba but nothing... also rebooting the server :-D
>
> now: what should I do?
>
> thanks for help! :-)
>
> Pol
>
>


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Re: Subject: network-console installation and ssh keys

2015-04-15 Thread Liam O'Toole

On 2015-04-15, Paul E Condon  wrote:
> On 20150414_2134+, Liam O'Toole wrote:



>> Put the following in ~/.ssh/config:
>> 
>> Host desk
>>  UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
>>  StrictHostKeyChecking no
>> 
>> See the man page of ssh_config for details.
>
> I think this will silence the warning forever, or at least until you
> think to delete those lines from your ~/.ssh/config.



To overcome that concern, you could do:

Host desk_temporary
HostName desk
UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
StrictHostKeyChecking no

-- 

Liam



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Re: samba issue

2015-04-15 Thread Pol Hallen


/etc/samba/smb.conf:  socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192
SO_SNDBUF=8192


I've:

socket options = TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192

I tried change 8192 values and also comments socket options but same 
problem...


thanks for help 

--
Pol


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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> Bob Proulx wrote:
> > Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> > > 2. unmount filesystem and run e2fsck -D on it every so often.
> > 
> > Every so often?  That phrase roused my interest.  Wouldn't exactly
> > once be enough?
> 
> Yes, as long as nobody ever creates a massive number of entries in a
> directory that is not going to be rmdir'd again after you did the
> e2fsck -D...
> 
> So, "every so often"...

But I think it doesn't actually work to shrink directories.  :-(

> > I think there are two issues under discussion.  One is if dir_index
> > has been applied.  For that once would be enough.
> 
> Yes.  But dir_index is about locating files fast for open() or
> stat() in massive directories, not shrinking a very sparse one.

Right.  That is why I said there were two issues under discussion. :-)

> >   # fsck -D /dev/v1/test
> >   fsck from util-linux 2.25.2
> >   e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
> >   /dev/mapper/v1-test: clean, 13/25688 files, 9121/102400 blocks
> > 
> > This produced no change in that directory size.  It does not appear to
> > me that e2fsck -D compacts existing empty directories.
> 
> Hmm, you could try "e2fsck -D", not "fsck -D".

Of course we know that fsck simply passed through to the appropriate
underlying driver fsck, e2fsck in this case.  The output says say.
But this is trivially easy for me to do too so here it is.  (It really
is the same.)

  root@havoc:~# lvcreate -L100M -ntest v1
Logical volume "test" created
  root@havoc:~# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/v1/test
  mke2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
  Creating filesystem with 102400 1k blocks and 25688 inodes
  Filesystem UUID: 47bf1774-75b9-4783-958c-7cbcab2e219b
  Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
  8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729

  Allocating group tables: done
  Writing inode tables: done
  Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
  Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

  root@havoc:~# mount /dev/v1/test /mnt
  root@havoc:~# mkdir -p /mnt/junk/junk
  root@havoc:~# cd /mnt/junk/junk
  root@havoc:/mnt/junk/junk# for i in $(seq -w 1 1); do touch $i;done
  root@havoc:/mnt/junk/junk# for i in $(seq -w 1 1); do rm -f $i;done
  root@havoc:/mnt/junk/junk# cd
  root@havoc:~# \ls -ld /mnt/junk/junk
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 227328 Apr 15 14:35 /mnt/junk/junk
  root@havoc:~# umount /mnt
  root@havoc:~# e2fsck -D /dev/v1/test
  e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
  /dev/v1/test: clean, 13/25688 files, 9119/102400 blocks
  root@havoc:~# mount /dev/v1/test /mnt
  root@havoc:~# \ls -ld /mnt/junk/junk
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 227328 Apr 15 14:35 /mnt/junk/junk

Using 'e2fsck -D' by itself isn't shrinking the size of the empty directory.

> If e2fsck also refuses to do anything, try "e2fsck -D -f" to force
> it to check a clean filesystem.

Ah!  That was the secret!

  root@havoc:~# umount /mnt
  root@havoc:~# e2fsck -D -f /dev/v1/test
  e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
  Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
  Pass 2: Checking directory structure
  Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
  Pass 3A: Optimizing directories
  Pass 4: Checking reference counts
  Pass 5: Checking group summary information

  /dev/v1/test: * FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *
  /dev/v1/test: 14/25688 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 8899/102400 blocks

  root@havoc:~# \ls -ld /mnt/junk/junk
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Apr 15 14:35 /mnt/junk/junk

It was necessary to -f force the fsck.  So 'e2fsck -D -f' is required.

Bob


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Re: Subject: network-console installation and ssh keys

2015-04-15 Thread Paul E Condon

On 20150414_2134+, Liam O'Toole wrote:
> On 2015-04-14, David Wright  wrote:
> > I like the new Network Console option in the installer.
> > However, when I reinstall Debian onto a machine called, say, desk
> > select the necessary options, type in the password for the
> > installer session, and then sit back with a machine called, lap,
> > when I type   ssh installer@desk   I get the usual
> >
> > @@@
> > @WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
> > @@@
> > IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
> > Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle
> > attack)!
> > It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
> > The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is
> >
> > because the installer has generated and is running with fresh keys.
> > (I frequently connect from lap to desk and vice versa and so
> > have authorised_keys as well as know_hosts there.)
> >
> > What do most people do here?

On this one, I think *most*people* are like me. I ignore the
warning. Unless I am doing the install in a coffee shop with 'free'
internet access that I have never used before. But at home, if I am
using an ISP that I have been using for several years, and that has a
good reputation in my part of the world, I know the warning does not
apply to me, in my particular situation.

HTH, YMMY, etc., etc.

> >
> > Cheers,
> > David.
> 
> Put the following in ~/.ssh/config:
> 
> Host desk
>   UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
>   StrictHostKeyChecking no
> 
> See the man page of ssh_config for details.

I think this will silence the warning forever, or at least until you
think to delete those lines from your ~/.ssh/config. I do not want to
do that, because I am too cautious to commit, long term, to such a
departure from what Debian gurus consider to be best practice. ;-)

YMMV,
Cheers,
-- 
Paul E Condon   
pecon...@mesanetworks.net

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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

2015-04-15 Thread Henrique de Moraes Holschuh

On Wed, Apr 15, 2015, at 16:57, Bob Proulx wrote:
> Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> > 2. unmount filesystem and run e2fsck -D on it every so often.
> 
> Every so often?  That phrase roused my interest.  Wouldn't exactly
> once be enough?

Yes, as long as nobody ever creates a massive number of entries in a directory 
that is not going to be rmdir'd again after you did the e2fsck -D...

So, "every so often"...

> I think there are two issues under discussion.  One is if dir_index
> has been applied.  For that once would be enough.

Yes.  But dir_index is about locating files fast for open() or stat() in 
massive directories, not shrinking a very sparse one.

And BTW, a directory has very little information about a file. In fact, in 
simplified terms it usually has only the file name and the inode number, 
everything else is related to how the filesystem implements the directory 
itself (such as h-tree topology information).

Everything else about the file is in the inode (including size, access times, 
attributes, ACLs, xattrs, hardlink count).  And inode tables are not stored 
together with the directory: they're in reserved areas of the filesystem for 
inode tables, while the directories are inside the data area, at least in ext4 
and XFS.

Do note that it can happen that a directory with very few entries could be 
stored entirely inside the inode for ("."), should it be small enough. Depends 
on the filesystem. This means you effectively loaded that directory when you 
caused its parent to be loaded.

>   # fsck -D /dev/v1/test
>   fsck from util-linux 2.25.2
>   e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
>   /dev/mapper/v1-test: clean, 13/25688 files, 9121/102400 blocks
> 
> This produced no change in that directory size.  It does not appear to
> me that e2fsck -D compacts existing empty directories.

Hmm, you could try "e2fsck -D", not "fsck -D".

If e2fsck also refuses to do anything, try "e2fsck -D -f" to force it to check 
a clean filesystem.

> I am not immediately sure how to create a new ext file system without
> dir_index.  Otherwise I would do a quick test to verify that it does
> actually add dir_index to existing directories.

"tune2fs -O ^dir_index", then e2fsck -D (maybe with -f) should remove 
dir_index, AFAIK.

-- 
  "One disk to rule them all, One disk to find them. One disk to bring
  them all and in the darkness grind them. In the Land of Redmond
  where the shadows lie." -- The Silicon Valley Tarot
  Henrique de Moraes Holschuh 

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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> 2. unmount filesystem and run e2fsck -D on it every so often.

Every so often?  That phrase roused my interest.  Wouldn't exactly
once be enough?

I think there are two issues under discussion.  One is if dir_index
has been applied.  For that once would be enough.

The second issue is reducing the size of the directory.  I tried a
test using ext4 and e2fsck -D and e2fsck -D did not reduce the size of
the directory.  Maybe I didn't push the size large enough.

  for i in $(seq -w 1 1); do touch $i;done
  for i in $(seq -w 1 1); do rm -f $i;done
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 229376 Apr 15 13:52 junk

Then unmounted the file system and ran e2fsck -D upon it.

  # fsck -D /dev/v1/test
  fsck from util-linux 2.25.2
  e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
  /dev/mapper/v1-test: clean, 13/25688 files, 9121/102400 blocks

This produced no change in that directory size.  It does not appear to
me that e2fsck -D compacts existing empty directories.

I am not immediately sure how to create a new ext file system without
dir_index.  Otherwise I would do a quick test to verify that it does
actually add dir_index to existing directories.

Bob


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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> Filesystem created:   Mon Jan  4 16:26:16 2010
> 
> My machine is old, but I've never changed anything concerning the
> file system.

2010 isn't that old.  Just a baby!  :-)  After a quick look on my
network I located these.

  desolation: Filesystem created:   Tue Feb 26 13:46:27 2008
  despair: Filesystem created:   Thu Oct 11 17:58:10 2007
  devastation: Filesystem created:   Tue Feb 26 15:31:37 2008
  thrill: Filesystem created:   Sun Jun  3 14:50:55 2007

I have been rolling over systems or I am sure I would have located
older ones.  If I turned on some archived systems I could almost
certainly produce older ones.

> I also notice slowness with a large maildir directory:
> 
> drwx-- 2 vlefevre vlefevre 8409088 2015-03-24 14:04:33 Mail/oldarc/cur/
> 
> In this one, the files are real (145400 files), but I have a Perl
> script that basically reads the headers and it takes a lot of time
> (several dozens of minutes) after a reboot or dropping the caches
> as you suggested above. With a second run of this script, it just
> takes 8 seconds.

This is going to be at least two different points of slowness.  One is
the directory that must be read.  Two is simply opening 145400 files
and reading the mail header from each of them is going to take a
while.  Opening many files will have a quantifiable time.  Try this
experiment.  Cache the directory and the inodes without opening the
file.  Then run your perl script to read the mail headers.  That
should 

# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
# ls -lR Mail/oldarc/cur >/dev/null

Then run your perl script:

  $ time yourperlscript Mail/oldarc/cur
  $ time yourperlscript Mail/oldarc/cur

Divide 145400 files by the time in seconds to run the first uncached
run and you should be able to quantify the files per second
performance to open and read the mail headers from those files
uncached.  Then repeat and determine the cached performance time.

That is a lot of files!  I expect it would take a while.  But the
second run cached should be much better.  As long as you have enough
file system buffer cache to hold those blocks in memory.

It would also be interesting to convert the Maildir with 145400 files
to a compressed mbox format single file.  (That will convert "^From "
lines if that is a concern for you.)  I expect that if you were to
modify your perl script program to read the compressed mbox file and
do the same task that it might be faster!  It would remove the
overhead time needed to open each of those 145400 files.  It all
depends upon the distribution of data size of the body of the messages
since then it would need to read and skip the message bodies.

But let's say that all of the bodies were small less than 50k then I
expect that converging them to a single mbox file would make them much
faster than the individual files.  Also compressing the file reduces
the amount of I/O needed to pull the data into memory.  With today's
fast cpus decompression is faster than disk I/O and reading a
compressed file and decompressing it is usually faster in my
experience.  Every case is individually different however.  If you run
that experiment I would be interested in knowning the result.

Bob

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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Cam Hutchison wrote:
> I don't think dir_index has anything to do with it. An index speeds up
> lookups. You are not doing lookups; you are traversing the entire data
> structure.

I think you might be right about Vincent's problem.  It seems there is
a large amount of uncached data that needs to be read from disk.  It
takes a long time to read a lot of data from a large number of files.

> A B-tree data structure can take longer to traverse than a
> contiguous array data structure due to prefetching generally being
> beneficial to arrays, but less so to pointer-based structures.
> 
> It's slow because every block of the directory needs to be read to get
> the contents, even if every block contains empty entries. You don't know
> that until you've read it.

This depends exactly upon what you are doing, how you are doing it,
and where do you enclose the boundary of the problem.

For the usual case of opening a file the answer is no.  It doesn't
need to read the entire thing.  That is the key point in B-trees and
other external index data structures.  When looking up a name only a
much reduced set of disk blocks need to be read.

With a B-tree the root node is stored first and read as the first disk
block.  That first block contains as many index entries as will fit.
Let's say at least a 1000.  Those entries are sorted and contain a
multi-level index of other nodes.  If the directory is small it may
contain all of them in a single level index.  If the directory is
large then those entries will point to other directory nodes in a
multi-level index.  One page was loaded for the root node.  Root nodes
will usually be kept in cache ram making their accesses very fast.
Using information from the root node will allow seeking to the next
directory node that contains the filename being opened.

Assuming 1000 entries per page this additional page load will contain
another 1000 entries.  A directory huge by today's standards may
require 2-3 page reads only in order to open any file in a huge
directory.  Opening a file does not require reading the entire
directory database.

What is the order of lookup for a binary tree?  Log base 2.  A B-tree
with a 1000 entries per page would have a page lookup order as per the
number of entries per page.  Log base 1000 in this case.  This makes
for a very shallow tree structure.  This is the magic that allows a
very few page reads to open any individual file.  As compared to a
linear array search.

On the other hand if you enclose the problem at the highest level and
look at the work needed to read every file in the directory then of
course you will be traversing all of the data in both cases.  That
work outside of opening files is going to be the same.  The file
opening part will still be much better in the B-tree case because in
the linear directory array case opening the file takes much longer.

> >drwx-- 2 vlefevre vlefevre 8409088 2015-03-24 14:04:33 Mail/oldarc/cur/
> 
> Your large directory is about 3.5 times the size of this one, so we
> would expect all things being equal that it would take 30s to read the
> larger directory based on the time of reading your maildir.
> 
> One thing that is likely not equal is fragmentation. It is quite
> possible that your 30MB directory is fragmented across the disk and
> involves many seeks to read it all. If you really want to know if this
> is the case, use debugfs(8) to have a look:

Use filefrag to determine the file fragmentation?

  $ filefrag /var/tmp
  /var/tmp: 2 extents found

  $ filefrag -v ~/Mail/Lists/debian/user/cur
  ...lots of information...

Bob

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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Quoting Vincent Lefevre (vinc...@vinc17.net):
> On 2015-04-13 15:50:40 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > That's staggering. My /var/lib/dpkg/info has ~8900 files and occupies
> > 462848 bytes. So that would be over ½million files in your case.
> > Does eftests stand for "excessive files tests"!
> 
> It means "elementary function tests", but what this doesn't say is
> that these tests are exhaustive: 1 file = a small interval on which
> the double-precision function (e.g. exp, log) can be approximated
> by a small-degree polynomial, and the whole double-precision domain
> must be covered.
> 
> Now, more interestingly, the fault is due to... proprietary software.
> I wrote these tests about 15 years ago and I needed rigorous interval
> arithmetic in multiple precision, and at that time, the Maple intpak
> package was the only thing I found (though a few years later, despite
> what its documentation said, it was shown that it was not rigorous at
> all, and I might have chosen a better solution with free software).
> So, I had to use Maple, and still use it (now with intpakX, which is
> better but still based on assumptions that could be wrong) because I
> haven't rewritten my tests completely. Maple is only used for ISO C
> code generation. In normal use, code is generated, then run, and after
> a few minutes (to get the result), the corresponding program can be
> removed, so that few files are present in such a directory at the same
> time. But some colleague in another lab needed these test files and he
> didn't have Maple. So, I had to generate all of them (yes, something
> like half a million) and give him a huge compressed tar file (not sent
> by e-mail, of course!).

Good to see people testing their tools. Perhaps someone like you came
across the famous HP35 bug.

In the past, I expect you would have been forced to store your files
in a tree using a method similar to Debian's pool to avoid running out
of directory entries.

Cheers,
David.


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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

Quoting Kushal Kumaran (kus...@locationd.net):
> Bob Proulx  writes:
> > Petter Adsen wrote:
> >> Can someone please enlighten me as to why the entry for this directory
> >> is so large, even though it is empty? Since it's apparently obvious to
> >> everyone else, I would very much like to know :)
> >
> > 
> > 
> > If a directory became full it was easy to extend it
> > by writing the array longer.  But if an early entry in the array was
> > deleted the system would zero it out rather than move each and every
> > entry in the file system down a slot.  (I always wondered why they
> > didn't simply take the *last* entry and move it down to the deleted
> > entry and simply keep the array always compacted.  I wonder.  But they
> > didn't do it that way.)

I think the reason for this is that the entries have different lengths
corresponding to the filenamelength, so you'd have to search for a slot
small enough. Were this slot not the last entry, then keep repeating...
I think I can see a pathological end-case here.

Once you have trees, I'm out of my depth. But I read that trees have
to be balanced, which may mean a whole new set of algorithms for
pruning them.

> Moving entries around breaks ongoing readdir operations.  If a readdir
> has gone past the file being removed, and you moved the last entry
> there, the entry being moved would be missed, despite *it* not being the
> entry added or removed.

I don't think this matters. There's no guarantee that another process
isn't writing to that directory while you are working your way along
the entries.

This whole discussion touches on one of the facts of life: people
generally design things for extending, not for contracting. Ability to
extend a design is an important criterion in its success. In the field
of computers this is often coupled with backwards compatibility, so you
can keep the old design going.

People extend their houses, but they don't demolish an extension.
They raze it all and start over. But they don't do it very often, so
one doesn't select a house on the basis that it's easy to shrink, or
quick to raze and rebuild. One looks at its steady-state performance,
and that patch of waste ground next to it.

The OP is happy to use a filesystem that can accomodate half a million
files with no advance warning. Ext4 filesystems are designed to be able to
grow by three orders of magnitude. I'm sure they won't be easy to shrink.

Cheers,
David.

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Re: samba issue

2015-04-15 Thread deloptes

Pol Hallen wrote:

> now: what should I do?

/etc/samba/smb.conf:  socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192
SO_SNDBUF=8192

do you have this in the smb.conf file? might help

regards


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Re: OpenVPN doesn't restart after sleep

lukn555 wrote:
> Sorry for the late reply, I suffered the same but I only just found out
> how to fix this:

I am glad you have something that works for you.  However I read this
and it feels like a workaround for a deeper problem.  I applaud you
sharing your solution with us.  Thank you for doing that.  But it
should not be needed.

> $ cat /lib/systemd/system-sleep/openvpn.sh
>...
> /bin/systemctl restart openvpn
> $ cat /etc/pm/sleep.d/99openvpn
>...
> /etc/init.d/openvpn restart

Basically restart openvpn after suspending.  For both init systems.
That is a big hammer.  My question would be why that is needed.

Openvpn will periodically test connectivity.  After suspend the clock
time will have expired and openvpn will probe connectivity.  This will
cause openvpn to restart the connection itself.  That is what it does
in my examination of the behavior on my laptops.  I use openvpn all of
the time on my laptops.  I don't need to restart it specially when
resuming from suspend.

There are still some open questions about the nature of the failure.
Such as whether the failure is actually networking related or DNS
related.  If one can ping by address then openvpn itself has
successfully created a network connection.  If it is DNS related then
there is a different tree of questions to work down through.

Bob

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Re: Book questions


On 04/14/2015 11:11 PM, Rusi Mody wrote:

I find the Friedman books better.


Which books?


David


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Re: wheezy drive recognition?

2015-04-15 Thread Gene Heskett

On Wednesday 15 April 2015 11:36:38 David Wright wrote:
> Quoting Gene Heskett (ghesk...@wdtv.com):
> > Greetings drive guru's;
> >
> > I have a 3 drive hot swap cage in my machine for a couple years now,
> > and no it is NOT setup as a raid of any kind.
> >
> > It has had a triplet of 1T seagate drives in it since installing it.
> >
> > My main boot drive had a 10.04-4 LTS Ubuntu install on it, but the
> > drive went read only a couple months back, so I swapped the top 2
> > and put wheezy on what is now /dev/sda.
> >
> > I eventually had copied off what I needed from the old drive so I
> > removed it, leaving slot 2 empty while I ordered up 2 more drives
> > from TigerDirect, but had to settle for the 2Tb version this time.
> >
> > Tonight I cut the blisterpack off the first of the 2Tb drives and
> > slid it into slot 2.
> >
> > Wheezy, with "SMP Debian 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux" kernel
> > running cannot connect to it, doing this from /var/log/messages:
> >
> > Apr 14 21:14:33 coyote kernel: [1098002.318613] ata2: hard resetting
> > link Apr 14 21:14:39 coyote kernel: [1098008.240015] ata2: link is
> > slow to respond, please be patient (ready=-19) Apr 14 21:14:43
> > coyote kernel: [1098012.328022] ata2: hard resetting link Apr 14
> > 21:14:49 coyote kernel: [1098018.256019] ata2: link is slow to
> > respond, please be patient (ready=-19) Apr 14 21:14:53 coyote
> > kernel: [1098022.344027] ata2: hard resetting link Apr 14 21:14:59
> > coyote kernel: [1098028.264018] ata2: link is slow to respond,
> > please be patient (ready=-19)
> >
> > Followed by quite a few megabytes of this:
> > Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934065] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] 
> > Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Apr 14 21:15:27
> > coyote kernel: [1098055.934070] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Sense Key :
> > Illegal Request [current] Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel:
> > [1098055.934074] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Add. Sense: Illegal mode for
> > this track Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934081] sr
> > 4:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 Apr 14
> > 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935512] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Result:
> > hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote
> > kernel: [1098055.935515] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Sense Key : Illegal
> > Request [current] Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935518] sr
> > 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Add. Sense: Illegal mode for this track Apr 14
> > 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935522] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB:
> > Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00
> >
> > I got the impression that it was not even spinning up.
>
> I don't know what you did 50 seconds after you plugged in your new
> drive, but those sr0 messages look as if you/the system tried to read
> an empty DVD/CD drive.

I tend to think the drive caused udev to lose its mind, but thats just a 
SWAG at this point as I have not powered down and attached the drive to 
another pair of currently unused cables hanging out that would be 
sata-4.  5 is indeed a dvd writer If I properly recall which cable is 
plugged in where.  From what I am seeing, the cables could be swapped 
and I don't recall doing it.  Short term memory would be to blame in 
that case, I'll need to get out a flashlight and verify in any event 
since I don't trust my memory of something 3+ years old anyway.

> If you get no more lines like the ones below, (ata/sd) then it would
> seem it hasn't recognised what's on the new disk.
>
> If it's straight from the blister pack, what might you find on it?
> (All the naked drives I've acquired have been second-hand.) Big disks
> I've bought recently have NTFS filesystems on them.

Generally, I would assume it has an NTFS on it, and that is an option 
rarely enabled in one of my home-brew kernels.  This one however is a 
Wheezy supplied kernel. A quick lsmod does not disclose any NTFS stuff 
loaded after the log explosion.

I think I'll burn that cd of the seagate dos utils and see what it says, 
which will entail a power down reboot if I put it on the spare cables, 
or something along those lines that will force me to do a P.D. reboot.  
Uptime is currently about 12 days.  And we have at least 10 days before 
Jessie is declared, so I haven't been in a life or death hurry.  Since I 
woke up this morning, which is a good sign at my age, I'll put that off 
a few hours. ;-)

[...]
>
> Cheers,
> David.

Thanks David.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 


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.listadmin.ini and Mailman 2.1.14

2015-04-15 Thread Thomas Gramstad


Hi,

I'm using listadmin ( 
https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=listadmin ) to manage 
my Mailman lists on several different Mailman installations. I'm 
having trouble with one of the Mailman installations, which is 
version 2.1.14 (it should work with listadmin).


I suspect I have some syntactic error in the .listadmin.ini file.

Mailman is running at a subdomain, mailman.efn.no . One of the 
lists has this address: datahisto...@mailman.efn.no


and I have this entry for the list in .listadmin.ini :

username tho...@efn.no
spamlevel 5
default discard
password ..
adminurl http://{domain}/mailman/admin/{list}
datahisto...@mailman.efn.no

Is the adminurl syntax correct? Or is there something else which 
is wrong or lacking?


(The Mailman users list directed me to ask my question here.)

Thomas Gramstad


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD


On 04/15/2015 08:01 AM, ken wrote:

What options or features does one get by putting the LUKS container in a
partition rather than putting it on a raw drive?


I am not aware of any technical advantages or disadvantages of LUKS on a 
raw drive vs. LUKS on a partition.  For me, it's more a matter of 
personal habit/ psychology in the face of several computers, many 
drives, and changing conditions over the years.



Prior to running encrypted drives, I used to wipe (zero) drives when I 
took them out of service.  Since migrating to LUKS partitions, sometimes 
I wipe, sometimes I shred, and sometimes I just put the drive aside.  So 
now when I grab a spare drive off the shelf, I look for a partition table:


1.  If the first megabyte has been zeroed:

2015-04-15 08:54:44 root@t2250 ~
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=1M count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 1.10429 s, 950 kB/s

2015-04-15 08:56:11 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc u s p free
Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label

2.  If the first megabyte has been filled with random numbers:

2015-04-15 08:56:14 root@t2250 ~
# dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/sdc bs=1M count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.459263 s, 2.3 MB/s

2015-04-15 08:56:41 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc u s p free
Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label

3.  If the raw drive has a LUKS container:

2015-04-15 08:56:54 root@t2250 ~
# cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdc

WARNING!

This will overwrite data on /dev/sdc irrevocably.

Are you sure? (Type uppercase yes): YES
Enter LUKS passphrase:
Verify passphrase:

2015-04-15 08:57:49 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc u s p free
Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label


Note that the output of parted is the same for all three cases -- 
"Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label".  So, if the drive had a raw 
LUKS container, I'd mistake it as zeroed or shredded, and proceed to 
destroy the data.



If the drive has a partition table and one large partition with a LUKS 
container:


2015-04-15 08:57:52 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc mklabel gpt
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

2015-04-15 09:00:00 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc mkpart primary 0% 100%
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

2015-04-15 09:00:32 root@t2250 ~
# cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdc1

WARNING!

This will overwrite data on /dev/sdc1 irrevocably.

Are you sure? (Type uppercase yes): YES
Enter LUKS passphrase:
Verify passphrase:

2015-04-15 09:00:48 root@t2250 ~
# parted /dev/sdc u s p free
Model: SanDisk SanDisk Cruzer (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 7913471s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start End   Size  File system  Name Flags
34s   2047s 2014s Free Space
 1  2048s 7911423s  7909376s   primary
7911424s  7913437s  2014s Free Space


Now '/dev/sdc u s p free' shows a partition table with an entry, so I 
would be prompted to figure out what is in that partition.  LUKS?  LVM? 
 ZFS?  Something else?  Better not stomp on it just yet...



David


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

2015-04-15 Thread Ivanov, Konstantin

You can try this guide:

http://kaivanov.blogspot.com/2015/03/block-device-encryption-with-cryptsetup.html

On Wed, Apr 15, 2015 at 4:53 AM, Stephen R Guglielmo 
wrote:

> Hi list,
>
> I have a USB external HDD that I would like to encrypt with a
> passphrase. After looking into filesystems, I decided to go with Ext4.
> What's the recommended way of encrypting a drive? Do I partition it
> first, then encrypt that partition?
>
> Internet searches lead me to LUKS & cryptsetup. However, the blog and
> forum posts I've read are a bit old. I'm running Jessie.
>
> Thank you!
>

samba issue

2015-04-15 Thread Pol Hallen


Hi folks :-)

on debian stable I've a default samba file sharing config. Everything 
works perfectly (almost...).


From linux and windows clients (wired and wifi too) when I (i.e. listen 
musics) often (one time every 4/5 minutes) networks collapse (for less 
one second) and later goes up. So I've an interrupt of broadcast.


Using rsync or wget for transfer files from same server I don't have the 
problem (avoiding samba service).


I've several network interfaces, this problem happens on all interfaces.

samba logs (debug) nothing of good to audit, system log none, iptables 
is ok, I tried with minimal services (samba only), I try to modify tcp 
socks to tuning samba but nothing... also rebooting the server :-D


now: what should I do?

thanks for help! :-)

Pol


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Re: wheezy drive recognition?

Quoting Gene Heskett (ghesk...@wdtv.com):
> Greetings drive guru's;
> 
> I have a 3 drive hot swap cage in my machine for a couple years now, and no 
> it is NOT setup as a raid of any kind.
> 
> It has had a triplet of 1T seagate drives in it since installing it.
> 
> My main boot drive had a 10.04-4 LTS Ubuntu install on it, but the drive 
> went read only a couple months back, so I swapped the top 2 and put 
> wheezy on what is now /dev/sda.
> 
> I eventually had copied off what I needed from the old drive so I removed 
> it, leaving slot 2 empty while I ordered up 2 more drives from 
> TigerDirect, but had to settle for the 2Tb version this time.
> 
> Tonight I cut the blisterpack off the first of the 2Tb drives and slid 
> it into slot 2.
> 
> Wheezy, with "SMP Debian 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux" kernel running 
> cannot connect to it, doing this from /var/log/messages:
> 
> Apr 14 21:14:33 coyote kernel: [1098002.318613] ata2: hard resetting link
> Apr 14 21:14:39 coyote kernel: [1098008.240015] ata2: link is slow to 
> respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
> Apr 14 21:14:43 coyote kernel: [1098012.328022] ata2: hard resetting link
> Apr 14 21:14:49 coyote kernel: [1098018.256019] ata2: link is slow to 
> respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
> Apr 14 21:14:53 coyote kernel: [1098022.344027] ata2: hard resetting link
> Apr 14 21:14:59 coyote kernel: [1098028.264018] ata2: link is slow to 
> respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
> 
> Followed by quite a few megabytes of this:
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934065] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Result: 
> hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934070] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Sense Key 
> : Illegal Request [current] 
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934074] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Add. 
> Sense: Illegal mode for this track
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.934081] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: 
> Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935512] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Result: 
> hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935515] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Sense Key 
> : Illegal Request [current] 
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935518] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0]  Add. 
> Sense: Illegal mode for this track
> Apr 14 21:15:27 coyote kernel: [1098055.935522] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: 
> Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00
> 
> I got the impression that it was not even spinning up.

I don't know what you did 50 seconds after you plugged in your new
drive, but those sr0 messages look as if you/the system tried to read
an empty DVD/CD drive.

If you get no more lines like the ones below, (ata/sd) then it would
seem it hasn't recognised what's on the new disk.

If it's straight from the blister pack, what might you find on it?
(All the naked drives I've acquired have been second-hand.) Big disks
I've bought recently have NTFS filesystems on them.

> So I plugged the old, read-only drive in to see if the slot was bad, 
> but it signs on like this:
> Apr 14 21:35:05 coyote kernel: [1099234.688032] ata2: hard resetting link
> Apr 14 21:35:11 coyote kernel: [1099240.608030] ata2: link is slow to 
> respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
> Apr 14 21:35:15 coyote kernel: [1099244.704026] ata2: hard resetting link
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.588034] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps 
> (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.596577] ata2.00: ATA-8: ST31000340AS, 
> SD1A, max UDMA/133
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.596582] ata2.00: 1953525168 sectors, 
> multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612502] ata2.00: configured for 
> UDMA/133
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612512] ata2: EH complete
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612633] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access   
>   ATA  ST31000340AS SD1A PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612851] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi 
> generic sg5 type 0
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612895] sd 1:0:0:0: [sde] 1953525168 
> 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB)
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.612993] sd 1:0:0:0: [sde] Write 
> Protect is off
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.613034] sd 1:0:0:0: [sde] Write 
> cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.665063]  sde: sde1 sde2 sde3
> Apr 14 21:35:16 coyote kernel: [1099245.665558] sd 1:0:0:0: [sde] Attached 
> SCSI disk

Cheers,
David.


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Re: Is gnome-core really the gnome minimal install?

2015-04-15 Thread Patrick Bartek

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015, August Karlstrom wrote:

> On 2015-04-14 17:10, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > On Tue, 14 Apr 2015, August Karlstrom wrote:
> >> What advantages do you see with adding your own udev rule compared
> >> to simply starting a ConsoleKit session?
> >>
> >> exec ck-launch-session dbus-launch 
> >>
> >> instead of
> >>
> >> exec 
> >
> > None really, except to keep system overhead as small as possible.
> [...]
> > I wanted the smallest, lightest install of Wheezy 64-bit I could
> > get. I started with a basic terminal system and added the rest
> > piece by piece.
> 
> That's what I do too. I have a script that installs a few packages
> and configurations on top of a basic Debian server installation.
> 
> > So, I just don't run (or have installed) a lot of "support" stuff
> > that normal "desktop" systems do. I even boot to a terminal where I
> > login, then manually start X and Openbox with startx.
> 
> I agree, for me a display manager is one of those unnecessary
> features. Since I almost always want to use a GUI, however, my
> ~/.profile ends with
> 
> #start an X session when logging in on the first virtual console
> if [ "$(tty)" = /dev/tty1 ] && [ -z "$DISPLAY" ]; then
>  exec startx > ~/.xsession-errors 2>&1
> fi

I didn't get that fancy.  I just type in "startx." As I leave my system
running 24/7, it's not that inconvenient.

> > Writing my own udev rules was in keeping with that minimalism.
> 
> I tried to do that myselft but I never got it working. That's why I
> had to resort to ck-launch-session.

It took me a while to get the hang of rule writing, and I still am not
that good at it.  Lots of research and trial and error.  I still
haven't gotten the cd/dvd rule working 100%.  Can't get the unmounting
to work when the disc is ejected.

B


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

On 04/15/2015 05:17 AM, Frédéric Marchal wrote:

I understand that filling the encrypted partition (/dev/mapper/backup2) with
zeros is equivalent to filling the unencrypted partition (/dev/sdb1) with
random data as explained by other procedures.

I've found 'shred' to be the fastest way to fill a drive or partition
with random data.

Filling a dm-crypt mapped device file with all zeros gives an attacker
lots of predictable plain text for cracking your password.

(Formatting a dm-crypt mapped device file also provides a certain amount
of predictable plain text, but is unavoidable.)

It use /dev/urandom instead of the default /dev/random to generate the master
key. The documentation says it is better to use urandom as random may block if
the computer entropy is low.

/dev/random is for cryptographically secure random numbers, such as for
cryptographic keys. It requires a source of entropy to operate, and
will block until entropy is available. Thus, on most desktop computers,
it is only suitable for small amounts of random numbers.

On Linux, /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail contains the kernel's
estimate of available entropy (in bits):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_%28computing%29

2015-04-15 07:37:24 dpchrist@t2250 ~
$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail
2364

If /dev/random blocks, wiggle your mouse to create entropy.

/dev/urandom is for non-cryptographic/ low-security random numbers, such
as for games. It will use entropy as available, otherwise it will
mathematically generate pseudo-random numbers. It does not block and
can generate large amounts of random data quickly, but is vulnerable to
attack.

ISAAC seems to be a respected PRNG algorithm:

http://burtleburtle.net/bob/rand/isaacafa.html

Hardware random number generators promise the best of both worlds --
security and speed. For example, Intel SecureKey technology provides a
5 Gb/s stream of cryptographically secure random numbers:

https://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2012/05/14/what-is-intelr-secure-key-technology

Intel AES-NI technology accelerates software encryption/ decryption. My
3.2 GHz HT P4 machine without AES-NI is CPU bound around ~70 MB/s on one
HDD. My quad HT Core i7-2600S (1.6~3.8 GHz) with AES-NI has no problem
keeping up with 400+ MB/s RAID.

https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-advanced-encryption-standard-instructions-aes-ni

Error-correcting code (ECC) memory has higher reliability than non-ECC
memory.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECC_memory

ECC memory is strongly advised for ZFS, as ZFS can destroy your data on
disk if you have memory problems:

https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=zfs+ecc

David

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Re: apt stuck at "Reading database"

2015-04-15 Thread Jape Person


On 04/14/2015 03:59 AM, Chris Bannister wrote:

On Mon, Apr 13, 2015 at 08:42:45AM -0400, Jape Person wrote:

IIRC apt-listbugs or apt-listchanges (or both) don't work without the
deb-src entries in /etc/apt/sources.list.


Works fine for me. Did you *actually* try it?

It works fine for me, too -- now. But, as I've said elsewhere, I 
remember that aptitude stopped being able to display changelogs when I 
removed the deb-src lines from my sources.list. That was years ago, and 
someone on this list (I think) told me to place the deb-src lines back 
in the sources.list file. After that, everything was fine.


I don't think I'm misremembering because I did find old notes about the 
problem in a journal. Unfortunately, those notes don't mention whether 
this was a bug or a feature.


I should have checked before offering my recollection. My only defense 
is that I did preface it with "IIRC". But I also neglected to mention 
that I was talking about the display of changelogs on files that were 
available for upgrade from within aptitude. That's a pretty specific set 
of circumstances.


I shall now don the pointy hat and sit in the corner.

;-)

Regards,
JP


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

2015-04-15 Thread ken


On 04/15/2015 10:50 AM, David Christensen wrote:

On 04/15/2015 05:04 AM, Petter Adsen wrote:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-linux-hard-disk-encryption-with-luks-cryptsetup-command/



That article shows how to create a LUKS container on the raw drive.  I
prefer creating a partition table, creating one large primary partition,
and putting a LUKS container into that.


David


Being that I'm looking at doing pretty much the same, i.e., encrypting 
an external 1T USB drive, this thread is interesting to me too.


What options or features does one get by putting the LUKS container in a 
partition rather than putting it on a raw drive?


tnx


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 07:50:50 -0700
David Christensen  wrote:

> On 04/15/2015 05:04 AM, Petter Adsen wrote:
> > http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-linux-hard-disk-encryption-with-luks-cryptsetup-command/
> 
> That article shows how to create a LUKS container on the raw drive.
> I prefer creating a partition table, creating one large primary
> partition, and putting a LUKS container into that.

And you are free to do so. The approach is still basically the same.

Petter

-- 
"I'm ionized"
"Are you sure?"
"I'm positive."


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Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Encrypting an External HDD


On 04/15/2015 05:04 AM, Petter Adsen wrote:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-linux-hard-disk-encryption-with-luks-cryptsetup-command/


That article shows how to create a LUKS container on the raw drive.  I 
prefer creating a partition table, creating one large primary partition, 
and putting a LUKS container into that.



David


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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

2015-04-15 Thread Vincent Lefevre

On 2015-04-15 09:32:24 -0300, Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> On Tue, Apr 14, 2015, at 23:18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > Can't disk caching be as fast as tmpfs (or almost)?
> 
> Never subestimate the needs of a persistent filesystem to care for
> metadata and data safety, unless it has an "eatmydata" mount option
> or something to that effect.

Yes, such a mount option would be useful. Or alternatively tmpfs should
be able to get some specific swap space on disk (this swap space would
be used *only* for tmpfs, not for the main memory).

-- 
Vincent Lefèvre  - Web: 
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)


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Re: Can't isntall Debian on UEFI system

2015-04-15 Thread The Wanderer

On 04/15/2015 at 05:22 AM, German wrote:

> Hi all, I am trying to install live image from USB stick, but my
> comp's BIOS doesn't see the drive. I tried to dd .iso to stick, I
> tried to copy it, still, BIOS doesn't see it. I also don't see any
> efi folders on the stick when I look at it with a file manager. Any
> ideas? Thanks

What test are you using to determine that the UEFI doesn't see the USB
stick?

If you're basing that conclusion on the observation that the computer
won't boot from the USB stick, even when explicitly told to, the problem
might be Secure Boot.

In order to boot a non-signed kernel (or one signed by a key not in the
list known to the UEFI), in my workplace we have to both A: disable
Secure Boot and B: switch from UEFI boot to legacy boot. Otherwise, when
told to boot from that device, the system reacts as if there were no
boot media present there.

If you're basing the conclusion on some other observation, however, I
may be barking up entirely the wrong tree.

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw

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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

2015-04-15 Thread Curt

On 2015-04-15, Bret Busby  wrote:
>
> What I actually want it for, is the functionality to reset passwords
> on both Debian 5 and MS Win8.
>
> Does what you have, have that functionality?
>
>

http://sourceforge.net/projects/rescatux/

Says it can "Clear Windows passwords" under "Features".

For debian maybe you can try the following and report back in case of
failure:

http://www.debianadmin.com/how-to-reset-debian-root-password.html


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Re: FAQ's versus "Questions Newbies SHOULD Ask"?

2015-04-15 Thread Richard Owlett


Nate Bargmann wrote:



On Tuesday 14 April 2015 17:03:48 Richard Owlett wrote {with restored context 
;/}

FAQ's may indicate questions others have asked.
*BUT* is there any reference that would provoke investigating
questions I have yet thought to ask? Can there be?

This partially prompted by a personal project whose working title
is "A Minimalist's Minimal (but very INSTRUCTIVE) Install via
debootstrap". {d-i does too much too silently for my tastes ;)


We're all cynics!

For some odd reason I seem to have questions that are lightly or not
covered by the documentation.


*DEFINITELY* Part of the solution would be to encourage/ALLOW 
technologically oriented Jr. and Sr. High students to write about 
technology. It wasn't until my late 40's that had a writing 
course that was a thinly disguised Literature course [more 
pathetically it was at a small Bible college I attended part-time 
instead of the Ivy League institution at which I had pursued an 
engineering degree.]




For Richard, many of my searches lead me to the Stack Overflow
collection of web sites.  The answers I find are usually very good and
often times there are one or two additional detailed explanations.


My searches have lead there as well. I'd likely not post there as 
they have a strong orientation to "how" rather than "why". I 
attract enough static on that already 


Of course someone will weigh in saying that all questions are ansered in
the source...

;/


- Nate




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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

2015-04-15 Thread Henrique de Moraes Holschuh

On Tue, Apr 14, 2015, at 23:18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2015-04-14 13:26:16 -0300, Henrique de Moraes Holschuh wrote:
> > Yeah, that's a bad habit to have as it slows down way too many
> > utilities (lots of stuff benefit for extremely lightweight
> > ultra-fast tmpfs in /tmp and $TMPDIR, from "sort" to gcc without
> > -pipe), but it is indeed widespread.
> 
> Can't disk caching be as fast as tmpfs (or almost)?

Never subestimate the needs of a persistent filesystem to care for metadata and 
data safety, unless it has an "eatmydata" mount option or something to that 
effect.

But it really depends on the workload and filesystems involved.  You should 
test your usecase.  Yes, there are a few workloads where ext4 or XFS should be 
able to come somewhat close to the performance of tmpfs.

-- 
  "One disk to rule them all, One disk to find them. One disk to bring
  them all and in the darkness grind them. In the Land of Redmond
  where the shadows lie." -- The Silicon Valley Tarot
  Henrique de Moraes Holschuh 


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Re: Can't isntall Debian on UEFI system

2015-04-15 Thread Frédéric Marchal

On Wednesday 15 April 2015 11:22:49, German wrote :
> Hi all, I am trying to install live image from USB stick, but my comp's
> BIOS doesn't see the drive. I tried to dd .iso to stick, I tried to copy
> it, still, BIOS doesn't see it. I also don't see any efi folders on the
> stick when I look at it with a file manager. Any ideas? Thanks

I did it no later than yesterday.

I downloaded the netinst image of jessie rc2 on this page:

https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/

In my case, it was the amd64 image.

I copied it to the usb key with this command

cp debian-jessie-DI-rc2-amd64-netinst.iso /dev/sdc

Then the key booted just fine on an EFI system and it installed on a CF disk 
booted by EFI (checked it by making sure /sys/firmware/efi exists).

Frederic


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

2015-04-15 Thread Frédéric Marchal

On Wednesday 15 April 2015 13:53:20, Stephen R Guglielmo wrote :
> Hi list,
> 
> I have a USB external HDD that I would like to encrypt with a
> passphrase. After looking into filesystems, I decided to go with Ext4.
> What's the recommended way of encrypting a drive? Do I partition it
> first, then encrypt that partition?
> 
> Internet searches lead me to LUKS & cryptsetup. However, the blog and
> forum posts I've read are a bit old. I'm running Jessie.

I followed this procedure on Monday and got an encrypted USB disk with LUKS:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-linux-hard-disk-encryption-with-luks-
cryptsetup-command/

It contains a neat trick to monitor the progress when filling the partition 
with zeros:

pv -tpreb /dev/zero | dd of=/dev/mapper/backup2 bs=128M

It is convenient to monitor the progression as it took more than 4h to fill a 
1TB USB3 disk.

I understand that filling the encrypted partition (/dev/mapper/backup2) with 
zeros is equivalent to filling the unencrypted partition (/dev/sdb1) with 
random data as explained by other procedures.

There is one thing I didn't do as described. I initialized the LUKS partition 
with this command

cryptsetup -y --use-urandom -v luksFormat /dev/sdb1

It use /dev/urandom instead of the default /dev/random to generate the master 
key. The documentation says it is better to use urandom as random may block if 
the computer entropy is low.

Frederic


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Re: Encrypting an External HDD

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 07:53:20 -0400
Stephen R Guglielmo  wrote:

> Hi list,
> 
> I have a USB external HDD that I would like to encrypt with a
> passphrase. After looking into filesystems, I decided to go with Ext4.
> What's the recommended way of encrypting a drive? Do I partition it
> first, then encrypt that partition?

Yes, you create a partition (or LV), encrypt it, and then mkfs. Unless
if you want to use LVM and retain the ability to re-size volumes, then
you set up encryption before LVM. That's a guess, though - I haven't
done that yet.

> Internet searches lead me to LUKS & cryptsetup. However, the blog and
> forum posts I've read are a bit old. I'm running Jessie.

I used this guide, and it worked perfectly for me:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-linux-hard-disk-encryption-with-luks-cryptsetup-command/

It's from 2012, but I had no problems with it at all, and I was also
encrypting an external USB drive. If you run into any problems, feel
free to ask.

Good luck!

Petter

-- 
"I'm ionized"
"Are you sure?"
"I'm positive."

pgpwHUqSXF1eI.pgp
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Encrypting an External HDD

2015-04-15 Thread Stephen R Guglielmo

Hi list,

I have a USB external HDD that I would like to encrypt with a
passphrase. After looking into filesystems, I decided to go with Ext4.
What's the recommended way of encrypting a drive? Do I partition it
first, then encrypt that partition?

Internet searches lead me to LUKS & cryptsetup. However, the blog and
forum posts I've read are a bit old. I'm running Jessie.

Thank you!


pgp6YupcK1LZU.pgp
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: FAQ's versus "Questions Newbies SHOULD Ask"?

2015-04-15 Thread Miles Fidelman


Gene Heskett wrote:



Of course someone will weigh in saying that all questions are ansered
in the source...

- Nate

That is provided the source is written in something resembling ANSI C.
Our gcc today has very little resemblance to ANSI C.  And its the ANSI
that has not kept up, those K&R #1 and #2 books we all once used for a
Bible back in the day is now 24 years old.




Well, no more like if the source is written in a high-level, ideally 
a domain-specific language - where what's going on is easy to follow.



--
In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice.
In practice, there is.    Yogi Berra


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Re: OpenVPN doesn't restart after sleep

2015-04-15 Thread lukn555

Hi Tony

Sorry for the late reply, I suffered the same but I only just found out
how to fix this:



Add the following script to /lib/systemd/system-sleep (in case you are
using systemd):

$ cat /lib/systemd/system-sleep/openvpn.sh
#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
post)
/bin/systemctl restart openvpn
;;
esac


or the following script to /etc/pm/sleep.d in case you are still using
sysv init:

$ cat /etc/pm/sleep.d/99openvpn
#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
resume|thaw)
/etc/init.d/openvpn restart
;;
esac


Of coure in either case the script has to be executable (chmod +x)

hope this helps
regards
lukn


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Re: reading an empty directory after reboot is very slow

2015-04-15 Thread Vincent Lefevre

On 2015-04-15 12:29:49 +0530, Kushal Kumaran wrote:
> Moving entries around breaks ongoing readdir operations.  If a readdir
> has gone past the file being removed, and you moved the last entry
> there, the entry being moved would be missed, despite *it* not being the
> entry added or removed.

Indeed.

I have an alternative proposition: Add a counter to each block in
order to count the non-free entries. When the counter reaches 0,
the block can be removed from the directory. This would allow the
directory to shrink when all or almost all the files are removed.

-- 
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100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

2015-04-15 Thread Richard Owlett


Bret Busby wrote:

On 07/02/2015, Diogene Laerce  wrote:








You could give a try to Grub Rescue : http://www.supergrubdisk.org/

Good luck !




Hello.

I have just tried to find the Rescatux web site, to try to download a
copy, and I found, at
http://www.supergrubdisk.org/

"Website disabled"

also at
http://rescatux.org
which redirects to
http://www.supergrubdisk.org/rescatux/

Does anyone know what is happening with the supergruubdisk thing and rescatux?

Have they been terminated?

Interestingly, a subdomain of rescatux.org;
http://wiki.rescatux.org/wiki/Main_Page

still appears to be functional.





Rescatux 0.30.2 - Live CD (32-bit) @2.95 + shipping appears to be 
in stock at

https://www.osdisc.com/products/linux/rescue/rescatux-0302-live-cd-pc.html

As I'm on dial-up, I find them quite convenient.
HTH





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Can't isntall Debian on UEFI system

2015-04-15 Thread German

Hi all, I am trying to install live image from USB stick, but my comp's BIOS 
doesn't see the drive. I tried to dd .iso to stick, I tried to copy it, still, 
BIOS doesn't see it. I also don't see any efi folders on the stick when I look 
at it with a file manager. Any ideas? Thanks

-- 
German 


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Re: Debain Jessie two dictionary software

2015-04-15 Thread Darac Marjal

On Wed, Apr 15, 2015 at 05:05:27PM +0800, mudongliang wrote:
> Can someone tell me why the newest Jessie version has two basic
> dictionary software : goldendict and gnome dictionary?
> Can maintainers delete one ?

In a word, choice. Debian is not here to dictate to users "you must use
this program". Everything can be replaced. Don't like the web browser?
There are a handful (IceWeasel, Chromium, Lynx) to choose from. Don't
like the init system? SystemV is still supported. Don't like Linux?
Well, you can run Debian on kFreeBSD, too!

Now, it maybe that not all of those options are are well-tested or as
well-maintained as the others. Packages are added to Debian at the whim
of "maintainers". The most popular packages are maintained by teams of
people to ensure the package works well for everyone. But the less
popular packages might be maintained by someone who only gets time to
work on it after coming home from their main job, or on an occasional
weekend when they're not focussed on their family.

If a package accumulates too many bug reports, and receives too little
maintenance, then yes, the maintainers can remove the package. They can
remove packages for other reasons, too, such as finding that
distributing it is contrary to its license.

However, if the reason is simply because you don't like one of the
packages, then no, it is unlikely that the maintainers will remove it.

> mudongliang
> 
> 
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Re: Debain Jessie two dictionary software

2015-04-15 Thread Erwan David

Le 15/04/2015 11:05, mudongliang a écrit :
> Can someone tell me why the newest Jessie version has two basic
> dictionary software : goldendict and gnome dictionary?
> Can maintainers delete one ?
> mudongliang
>
>
Why should they ?
gnome dictionary is a gnome app, and goldendict a qt one.
Gnome user do not necessarily want a qt non-gnome dictionary, and
similarly non gnome users do not necessarily want an application
dependending on gnome libs and component.

Strength of free system is about giving choice.




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Debain Jessie two dictionary software

2015-04-15 Thread mudongliang

Can someone tell me why the newest Jessie version has two basic
dictionary software : goldendict and gnome dictionary?
Can maintainers delete one ?
mudongliang


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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

2015-04-15 Thread Hans

Am Mittwoch, 15. April 2015, 10:28:25 schrieb Petter Adsen:
> On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 16:16:49 +0800
> 
> Bret Busby  wrote:
> > On 15/04/2015, Petter Adsen  wrote:
> > > If you really need Rescatux, I have an image of v0.32b3. The
> > > timestamp on it says 2014-12-21. Let me know if you need it.
> > 
> > What I actually want it for, is the functionality to reset passwords
> > on both Debian 5 and MS Win8.
> > 
> > Does what you have, have that functionality?
>
You might want to have a look at Trity Rescue Kit (TRK) as an alternative. 
Maybe it is that, what you are looking for.

Good luck!

Hans

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Re: Is gnome-core really the gnome minimal install?

2015-04-15 Thread August Karlstrom


On 2015-04-14 17:10, Patrick Bartek wrote:

On Tue, 14 Apr 2015, August Karlstrom wrote:

What advantages do you see with adding your own udev rule compared
to simply starting a ConsoleKit session?

exec ck-launch-session dbus-launch 

instead of

exec 


None really, except to keep system overhead as small as possible.

[...]

I wanted the smallest, lightest install of Wheezy 64-bit I could get.
I started with a basic terminal system and added the rest piece by
piece.


That's what I do too. I have a script that installs a few packages and 
configurations on top of a basic Debian server installation.



So, I just don't run (or have installed) a lot of "support" stuff
that normal "desktop" systems do. I even boot to a terminal where I
login, then manually start X and Openbox with startx.


I agree, for me a display manager is one of those unnecessary features. 
Since I almost always want to use a GUI, however, my ~/.profile ends with


#start an X session when logging in on the first virtual console
if [ "$(tty)" = /dev/tty1 ] && [ -z "$DISPLAY" ]; then
exec startx > ~/.xsession-errors 2>&1
fi


Writing my own udev rules was in keeping with that minimalism.


I tried to do that myselft but I never got it working. That's why I had
to resort to ck-launch-session.


-- August


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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 16:16:49 +0800
Bret Busby  wrote:

> On 15/04/2015, Petter Adsen  wrote:
> > If you really need Rescatux, I have an image of v0.32b3. The
> > timestamp on it says 2014-12-21. Let me know if you need it.
> >
> 
> What I actually want it for, is the functionality to reset passwords
> on both Debian 5 and MS Win8.
> 
> Does what you have, have that functionality?

I haven't used it, so I really would not know for sure, but I believe
it should be able to reset passwords on Linux, at least. If you really
need to know, I guess I can spin it up in a VM, but it might take me
a little bit of time.

For Windows, you might need something called "Hiren's Boot CD", which I
am pretty sure has this functionality. At least, I know that it can do
it for Win7. You will find it at "hiren.info".

Petter

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"I'm positive."

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Flash update

2015-04-15 Thread Rob van der Putten


Hi there


The most recent version is 11,2,202,457. For i386 that's:
http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/pdc/11.2.202.457/install_flash_player_11_linux.i386.tar.gz


Regards,
Rob
--
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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

2015-04-15 Thread Bret Busby

On 15/04/2015, Petter Adsen  wrote:
> On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 03:37:49 +0800
> Bret Busby  wrote:
>
>> On 07/02/2015, Diogene Laerce  wrote:
>> >
>>
>> 
>>
>> >
>> > You could give a try to Grub Rescue : http://www.supergrubdisk.org/
>> >
>> > Good luck !
>> >
>> >
>>
>> Hello.
>>
>> I have just tried to find the Rescatux web site, to try to download a
>> copy, and I found, at
>> http://www.supergrubdisk.org/
>>
>> "Website disabled"
>>
>> also at
>> http://rescatux.org
>> which redirects to
>> http://www.supergrubdisk.org/rescatux/
>>
>> Does anyone know what is happening with the supergruubdisk thing and
>> rescatux?
>>
>> Have they been terminated?
>>
>> Interestingly, a subdomain of rescatux.org;
>> http://wiki.rescatux.org/wiki/Main_Page
>>
>> still appears to be functional.
>>
>>
>
> I don't really know anything about it, but there is a similar project
> called Boot-Repair. It is, however, not a boot disk, but a tool to be
> run within the OS. You can find it at:
> http://sourceforge.net/p/boot-repair/home/Home/
>
> There is a sort of boot disk version of it, but I think it's just an
> Ubuntu image with the application on it.
>
> If you really need Rescatux, I have an image of v0.32b3. The timestamp
> on it says 2014-12-21. Let me know if you need it.
>

What I actually want it for, is the functionality to reset passwords
on both Debian 5 and MS Win8.

Does what you have, have that functionality?


-- 
Bret Busby
Armadale
West Australia
..

"So once you do know what the question actually is,
 you'll know what the answer means."
- Deep Thought,
 Chapter 28 of Book 1 of
 "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy:
 A Trilogy In Four Parts",
 written by Douglas Adams,
 published by Pan Books, 1992




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Re: Has the rescatux and supergrubdisk project been terminated

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 03:37:49 +0800
Bret Busby  wrote:

> On 07/02/2015, Diogene Laerce  wrote:
> >
> 
> 
> 
> >
> > You could give a try to Grub Rescue : http://www.supergrubdisk.org/
> >
> > Good luck !
> >
> >
> 
> Hello.
> 
> I have just tried to find the Rescatux web site, to try to download a
> copy, and I found, at
> http://www.supergrubdisk.org/
> 
> "Website disabled"
> 
> also at
> http://rescatux.org
> which redirects to
> http://www.supergrubdisk.org/rescatux/
> 
> Does anyone know what is happening with the supergruubdisk thing and
> rescatux?
> 
> Have they been terminated?
> 
> Interestingly, a subdomain of rescatux.org;
> http://wiki.rescatux.org/wiki/Main_Page
> 
> still appears to be functional.
> 
> 

I don't really know anything about it, but there is a similar project
called Boot-Repair. It is, however, not a boot disk, but a tool to be
run within the OS. You can find it at:
http://sourceforge.net/p/boot-repair/home/Home/

There is a sort of boot disk version of it, but I think it's just an
Ubuntu image with the application on it.

If you really need Rescatux, I have an image of v0.32b3. The timestamp
on it says 2014-12-21. Let me know if you need it.

Petter

-- 
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"Are you sure?"
"I'm positive."

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Re: Jessie: No VGA signal after gdm3 login

On Tue, 14 Apr 2015 18:10:11 -0400
"Thomas H. George"  wrote:

> On Tue, Apr 14, 2015 at 04:22:24PM +0200, Petter Adsen wrote:
> > On Tue, 14 Apr 2015 08:50:45 +0200
> > Petter Adsen  wrote:
> > 
> > > On Mon, 13 Apr 2015 15:42:03 -0400
> > > "Thomas H. George"  wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Just returned from vacation, booted up.
> > > > 
> > > > After gdm3 login screen goes blank, then No VGA Signal
> > > > Installed xdm. Same result
> > > > Ran apt-get update, apt-get dist-upgrade
> > > > Repeated xdm login. Same result
> > > > 
> > > > Before vacation login opened Gnome and I ran several programs
> > > > with no problems.
> > > > 
> > > > Even now consoles F1 through F6 work normally and I can run
> > > > command line programs.
> > > > 
> > > > What could have happened? Found nothing about this in April
> > > > lists.debian.org archives.
> > > 
> > > Can you tell us what is in /var/log/Xorg.0.log and
> > > ~/.xsession-errors?
> > > 
> > > I can't tell you what might have happened, though, at least not
> > > without starting with the contents of those two files.
> > > 
> > > Petter
> > > 
> > 
> > You really should send your reply to the list, not to me
> > personally, so that more people can see it, and potentially help
> > you.
> > 
> I agree and this reply is to the list.  I only replied directly to you
> because last week I received a sharp rebuke from an individual who had
> responded to one of my posts. He claimed it is very bad manners to
> post his responce - it was a very helpful one which I acknowledged -
> to the list when he had responded from his personal address.  

I didn't mean to sound harsh, and I apologize if I did, I was in a
hurry, and just wanted to forward your message to the list so that more
people could see the message and potentially help you. Strictly
speaking, I shouldn't have done that, as it's considered quite impolite
to forward personal mail to a list, but since you didn't actually say
much except including the log files, I concluded that no harm would be
done.

> What is the protocol? In reponding should I hit r or L? Obviously a
> continuing string of discussion posted to the list should be
> advantageous to all.

When you are responding to something in a list thread, send your reply
to the list. That's considered "the right thing". It is generally
frowned upon to reply in private, although there are occasions where it
is appropriate to do so. In this case, you should probably have sent
your reply to the list instead of to me, partly because you want as
many people as possible to get a look at the logs to see if there is
anything wrong there.

Also, if you discuss something with someone off-list, you should always
get their consent to forward something they wrote to a list. I didn't
do that with your message, and for that I apologize.

Does that explain things to you?

Now, to your original question: I must admit I haven't had the time to
take a good look at your logs, although nothing jumped out at me. I
will take a closer look at them, hopefully someone else with more
experience can also do so.

Petter

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Re: Sharing LVM storage

On Wed, 15 Apr 2015 09:55:10 +0300
Reco  wrote:

>  Hi.
> 
> On Wed, Apr 15, 2015 at 08:41:07AM +0200, Petter Adsen wrote:
> > > > I just want to try it out to see how it works, it's not
> > > > something I need by any stretch of the imagination, so there's
> > > > a limit to how far down that rabbit-hole I want to go.
> > > 
> > > As long as you don't forget to run lvscan on partner node after
> > > doing basically anything with LV on main node - you should be OK.
> > > 
> > > But just to be on the safe side - don't export PV via iSCSI.
> > > Export LVs.
> > 
> > May I ask why, so I don't mess anything up? I was thinking of
> > exporting maybe my VM VG, so that all LV's for VM's were available
> > to both machines. Or just the device itself.
> 
> That's the main reason. Creating PV-via-iSCSI configuration from the
> scratch is simple. It's maintaining it (or worse - changing it) is
> complex.
> 
> For example, imagine the need to migrate all LVs from one PV to
> another. Without downtime, of course. Is it doable - yes. Is it
> simple - no.

In my setting, that is quite simply not going to ever happen. I have a
separate disk with one PV on it, devoted entirely to VM's. But I do see
your point, if I ever were to use it in a production system. Right now,
downtime only means that one of my personal toys is broken :)

> Besides, there's a *small* matter of backups, and in cases such as

:)

> this I prefer straightforward approach. I.e. there's "storage" host,
> and there are "VM" hosts. "Storage" host provides LVs as /dev/sd*
> devices to "VM" hosts *and* manages backups. "VM" hosts merely do
> their VM thing.

I see, thank you. Well, that sort of fits in with my setup, too, except
that the VM disk is not in the storage server, it is in the fastest
machine I have, with the most cores available to run VMs.

It's just a toy project, anyhow, but it's best to learn good practices.

Petter

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"I'm positive."


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Re: Is gnome-core really the gnome minimal install?

On Tue, 14 Apr 2015 17:53:55 -0700
Patrick Bartek  wrote:

> On Tue, 14 Apr 2015, Rodolfo Medina wrote:
> 
> > Patrick Bartek  writes:
> > 
> > > Of course, if you really want TOTAL control of your GUI, a window
> > > manager is the way to go.  That's what I did.  Installed Openbox.
> > > The same WM that LXDE uses.  A little more work, but worth it.
> > 
> > Thanks.  I'm trying it.  In the web browser, I open a new tab with
> > C-t, but don't know how to do that in the terminal emulator.  The
> > usual `C-shift-t' does not work.
> 
> Depends on which terminal emulator you're using. I use xterm, and it
> doesn't support tabbed windows -- as far as I can tell.  Never
> bothered to check.  But that's okay. I prefer multiple terminals
> instead of a single one with multiple tabs.

Or, to get something in between, use "screen" :)

Petter

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"I'm positive."


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Re: Debian 7 and external monitors and graphics adaptors