Re: OT: Spectacles

[debian-user]

"James H. H. Lampert"  wrote:
> On 9/10/24 7:42 AM, Larry Martell wrote:
> > One would be better to see an ophthalmologist as opposed to an
> > optician.  
> 
> Correct. An optician can only fill a prescription written by an 
> ophthalmologist or an optometrist. And depending on where you go for
> eye care, and your own particular needs, you may need both: at
> Kaiser, I learned early-on that ophthalmologists there will refer you
> to an optometrist for routine eyeglass prescriptions, even if they
> are examining you for other problems (e.g., vitreous
> shrinkage/liquefaction).

I'm guessing both of you are in the US, whilst I'm in the UK. Here an
opthalmologist is a doctor working in a hospital, to whom I would have
to be referred by my GP. Wanting some spectacles isn't something my
GP or an opthalmologist would be interested in normally.

Opticians in this country come in two flavours: dispensing opticians
and optometrist. Normally they work together in a practice, although
there are a few practices without one or the other. It is thus common
to refer to an "optician" when meaning a private practitioner (or
collection thereof) who can prescribe and dispense spectacles.

> As to "driving glasses," "reading glasses," "computer/music desk 
> glasses," and so forth, prescriptions can be optimized for various
> needs and various activities.

Indeed so, which is why I suggested visiting an optician. They are also
qualified to diagnose cataracts and to refer to an opthalmologist for
treatment as and when suitable.

OT: Spectacles

[debian-user]

Larry Martell  wrote:
> What are these driving glasses? I can no longer drive at night and
> would love to know about them.

As well as uncorrected visual faults, such as short-sightedness or
astigmatism, another reason for not being able to drive at night is
cataracts. If so the [only] solution is to have them removed. Either
way, please visit an optician and trust what they say rather than
random people on the Internet.

Re: BASH reference for those who are "learning by doing"?

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> [My examples are from my experiments with re-formatting
> text at https://ebible.org/engkjvcpb/ for comfortable reading by
> fellow tri-focal wearing senior citizens

As a mere bifocal (well vari-focal) wearer can I suggest a different
approach. Stop wearing tri-focals or any other variable focus specs for
reading a computer screen. Tell them to get a [very cheap] pair of
single focus reading glasses made to suit the distance their screen is
away.

I did this years ago and wouldn't try to do it any other way now. The
bliss of being able to read the whole screen comfortably without moving
if I want to.

Re: BASH reference for those who are "learning by doing"?

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> This started with be exploring "regular expressions".
> I discovered some tutorials that were using Bash in their samples.
> One {lost the reference at the moment} was almost a match for a real 
> world problem I have.
> 
> But I've not used Bash in eons and have forgotten how to read a file 
> into a single variable or a array variable.
> 
> I've downloaded "Bash Reference Manual"
>[https://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/bash/manual/bash.html] 
> for when I need fine grained details.
> I've bookmarked the various links on
>[https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ]
> for quick reference.
> 
> I find neither to be search friendly.
> 
> Suggestions?

Typing "regular expression tutorial" or "regular expression bash" into
a search engine produces lots of potentially useful links.

Maybe https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Regular_Expressions

> TIA

Re: Is "How-To use MATE" documented?

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> I found:
> 1. https://mate-desktop.org/
>-- no mention of user oriented documentation
> 2. https://wiki.mate-desktop.org/
>Titled "Welcome to the documentation"
>Under the heading "Good Documentation" it explicitly says:
>   > Every application comes with its own help dialogue.
>   > Furthermore there are lots of online tutorials.  
> 
> But Where

Maybe I'm being dumb but On the "Help" menu? Specifically the item
labelled "Contents"? That's where the help is for every application.

As regards icon placement, I don't know, but does the bash script at
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1320316/where-desktop-icon-positions-are-saved-in-mate
help?

Looking at the description at
https://wiki.mate-desktop.org/mate-desktop/components/marco/ it seems
that there is a choice of what window manager you use, which I suppose
might affect where icons are placed on the desktop.

There's also https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/MATE

I agree there seems to be a lack of documentation. There are lots of
hits on google though to queries like mate-desktop icon placement.

Re: Usage: "debian ... amd64-netinst.iso"

[debian-user]

Lee  wrote:
> On Sat, Aug 31, 2024 at 1:31 AM John Conover wrote:
> >
> > What does a "debian ... amd64-netinst.iso" do
> > with an .iso?
> >
> > Can it be coverted to a USB. How?  
> 
> https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/ch04s03.en.html
> 
> # cp debian.iso /dev/sdX

You missed the next line

 # sync

It's there for a reason.

Re: DEBIAN documentation: which 64 bit processors run current release?

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> My formal programming background is limited to an introductory course 
> using CORC/CUPL (Dartmouth's BASIC being years in future).
[snip]

That doesn't seem to be quite right. CORC preceded Dartmouth BASIC by a
couple of years, whilst CUPL followed it by two years, if I am to
believe wikipedia.
 
> On 08/28/2024 09:07 PM, Michael Stone wrote:
> > It seems to me that you're doing your own thing in 
> > your own way and expecting us to accomodate that, which seems at
> > least somewhat unreasonable. For background: the lscpu architecture
> > field doesn't tell you what kind of cpu you're running. Instead, it
> > tells you the architecture of the system on which lscpu is running,
> > and more specifically, what architecture the *kernel* is built
> > for.  
> 
> DEBIAN documentation appears to disagree with you.The manpage[1]
> states:
> > lscpu - display information about the CPU architecture  

You are once again personalising matters when there's no need, as well
as getting facts wrong. This is bad; please try to improve.

Debian is sometimes spelled with mixed case as I have done, and
sometimes all in lower case. It is not usually spelled all in upper
case and doing so in email makes it seem that you are shouting the word
for emphasis. Maybe you are, but you are wrong to do so.

Firstly, manpages are not "Debian documentation". That is, they are for
the most part generated by the authors of individual packages and are
then incorporated in Debian. Sometimes a Debian member will write a
manpage if there is none for a particular package.

Secondly, when reading a manpage it is wise not to rely too much on the
one-line description. If you read the rest of the page it tells you
where the information comes from and you could imply more from that.

> > FWIW, there isn't any reasonably general x86 OS that maintains a 
> > comprehensive list of every possible computer model it will run
> > on.  
> 
> That was *NOT* the question.
> 
> I ask "What doth DEBIAN require of my CPU?"

Again, you seem to be railing against people who are trying to help
you. The most important thing to do is to try to improve how you
express yourself, and how you interpret what other people say. I hope
you can.

> [1] https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/util-linux/lscpu.1.en.html
 

Re: DEBIAN documentation: which 64 bit processors run current release?

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> On 08/27/2024 08:36 AM, David wrote:
> > On Tue, 27 Aug 2024 at 13:06, Richard Owlett 
> > wrote: 
> >> I'm looking for for where *Debian* documents which processors
> >> support current Debian release.
> >>
> >> I have three machines whose processors are 64 bit capable.  
> > 
> > To add to Dan's reply:
> > https://www.debian.org/ports/  
> 
> No mention of i686 nor x86_64.
> 
> > https://www.debian.org/ports/amd64/  
> 
> No mention of i686 nor x86_64.

I agree that the Debian documentation doesn't seem to answer your
question, which I paraphrase as "Does XXX model of CPU run Debian?".
However I'd argue that your response to the various suggestions offered
has been over-critical.

I'd also say that I think that given the large number of possible CPU
types and the fact AIUI that Debian doesn't care at all, simply
accepting whatever the kernel folks do, plus the limited resources of
the Debian community, it doesn't surprise me that their documentation
doesn't answer the question.
 
> > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64  
> 
> Not Debian documentation.
> Though x86_64 is mentioned in footnotes there is none to indicate
> that i686 can run Debian 64 bit software (only mention is about 32
> bit)

Given my explanation above, I think it is reasonable to look elsewhere
than Debian documentation for an answer to your question, and this
wikipedia page appears to provide an answer to it. Your processors are
specifically mentioned AFAICT.

Re: Where was my app installed?

[debian-user]

Arbol One  wrote:
> After installing PostgreSQL on my Debian-12 machine, I typed
> 'postgres --version' and got this msg:
> *bash: postgres: command not found*
> 
> 'psql --version', however, does work and gives me this message :
> 
> *psql (PostgreSQL) 16.3 (Debian 16.3-1.pgdg120+1)*
> 
> Obviously postgres is not in the path, but I don't know where the 
> 'apt-get' installed it or why it did not add it to the path.
> 
> Is there a way I can locate the installation directory?
> 
> Thank in advance.

It sounds like you may have installed the client but not the server. So
as already requested, please detail exactly what you did, unless you
can work out the solution yourself now.

Re: dialog colors

[debian-user]

 wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 18, 2024 at 11:56:38AM -0600, Charles Curley wrote:
> > On Sun, 18 Aug 2024 15:58:09 +
> > fxkl4...@protonmail.com wrote:
> >   
> > > is use dialog to create simple menus
> > > it's always white background and blue text
> > > how can i change the colors
[snip]
> I guess it is /usr/bin/dialog, from the same-named package. This
> would be a ncurses program, although there seems to be an X
> incarnation.
> 
> Not installed on my box, so I can't currently try things (for the
> curious: the man page is online here [1]). There seems to be a
> dialogrc init file, I guess that's where to set things like colors.
> 
> Cheers
> 
> [1] https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/dialog/dialog.1.en.html

The man page also mentions the --colors option, which appears to
control whether you can embed color control characters in the dialog
text.

Without more information from the OP it's difficult to go any further.

Re: anyone uses ReiserFS today

[debian-user]

Michael Stone  wrote:
> On Mon, Aug 12, 2024 at 10:37:12AM +0200, Thomas Schmitt wrote:
> >Yes, that was its main strength.  
> 
> ReiserFS's main strength was that it reimagined how filesystems
> should be used. It's main drawback was that applications would need
> to be redesigned in order to take advantage of the new paradigm, and
> then wouldn't work with any other filesystem or OS.

Off-topic really, but could you explain (or point to an explanation)
how applications could be redesigned for this 'new paradigm'. I ask
because I used reiserfs because of (a) journalling and (b) handling
many small files. I've never seen anything before that suggested I
should redesign my applications.

Re: Nearly-spam mail causes unsubscription threat

[debian-user]

Andy Smith  wrote:

> Personally what I do is silently discard spammy emails from known
> list servers instead of rejecting them at SMTP time (which is
> otherwise and usually desirable). Doing that does require running
> your own mail server though, which almost no one does.

You don't need to run a mailserver to do something similar. I simply
told my ISP (Zen) not to filter spam out of my mail. They send it
unfiltered* to me and my MUA filters it out using bogofilter. Works
very well for me; I suppose you do have to have a 'sensible' ISP.

* they do actually filter some extreme stuff out that I believe is
  required by law or somesuch. I never see it, so I don't know exactly
  what it is.

Re: Where is the user community? (Was Re: Strange behavior of ifupdown package)

[debian-user]

Michel Verdier  wrote:
> On 2024-07-28, Michael Grant wrote:
> 
> +1 to all you say.
> 
> > Maybe one of you younger folks can teach me how one deals with
> > keeping up with a forum like that.  
> 
> Once upon a time there was usenet. After a while there was a
> mail-to-news gateway. It ease a lot coping with this change of
> medium. If the same could be done with mailing lists <-> forums,
> perhaps the miracle would come again :)

There's a system called HyperKitty that bridges between a forum and a
mailing list. openSUSE use it and the particular settings lead to
something of a spam problem :(

There's also https://forums.debian.net/index.php of course, if somebody
wants a forum. :)

Re: Trouble when editing a Debian wiki page

[debian-user]

Franco Martelli  wrote:
> On 25/07/24 at 15:07, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > Yeah... I have to use a Private window (Firefox) or an Incognito
> > window (Chrome) to duplicate this.  If I'm using my regular browser
> > sessions where I'm logged in to the wiki, I don't get that result.
> >   
> 
> When in editing mode by clicking "Preview" button it shows the page
> with indentation (all looks OK) but when saving the changes by
> clicking "Save Changes" button then the page lost indentation (no
> margin). This it happened to me when I added the TOC to
> EnvironmentVariables
> 
> Cheers

And now the server is mostly giving "503 Service Unailable" with the
occasional very slow service of a page.

Re: Peoria High School

[debian-user]

John Rice  wrote:
> Peoria High School was used as reference for the high school Homer
> and Marge went to. I don’t remember if it was supposed to be
> Springfield High. I designed it back in ‘91 or ‘92 when I was working
> on the show. I grew up in Peoria and went to Peoria High School and
> felt that the front of the school had the perfect classic high school
> look. 

(1) You mean the school in Arizona or the one in Illinois or some other?

(2) What does this have to do with Debian?

> Cheers!
> John Rice

Re: why reliable linux hasn't gained more market share?

[debian-user]

Andy Smith  wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> On Sat, Jul 20, 2024 at 11:54:06AM +0800, hlyg wrote:
> > crowdstrike makes news headlines, many Windows become blue screens
> > 
> > it is evident that many people around still use Windows
> > 
> > i wonder if linux is more reliable than Windows  
> 
> For this specific issue, if Linux were used at the same scale and
> for the same purposes as these affected Windows machines, then a
> similar issue would affect Linux sooner or later.
> 
> The reason why this is the case is that the current motivation for
> the use of Crowdstrike's software on those Windows machines would
> be exactly the same if they were Linux machines, and so these
> companies would do the same thing with the same end result.
> 
> In fact, Crowdstrike already made a similar mistake earlier this
> year with one of their Linux solutions which resulted in end user
> machines having a kernel panic. Debian stable end user machines. So
> there is no practical difference between Crowdstrike+Windows and
> Crowdstrike+Linux.
> 
> https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41005936
> 
> So then you might assume that the problem here is Crowdstrike's
> incompetence and a better vendor would solve all problems. You would
> be wrong, because the world is full to the brim with inept software
> vendors and there is no real consequence for software failures.

It seems clear to me that what's needed is a change in the law. At the
moment here in the UK we have national news services explaining that
airline passengers won't be able to get compensation because the
'event' was outside the airline's control. That's clearly nonsense
since some airlines weren't affected so perhaps sense will eventually
prevail and the companies that have had problems will be held liable
for damages to their customers. But it would be better if they could
then sue Crowdstrike for installing the faulty update. (Perhaps they
can? I don't know, IANAL.) That might provide some incentive to improve
the systems and processes so problems like this don't occur again.

Re: Debian 12.6: Screen won't come back on if monitor is power cycled

[debian-user]

Johan Sjölin  wrote:
> On 7/17/24 23:30, Kent West wrote:
> 
> > Try pressing a shift key a couple of times, and then blindly typing
> > your user password. > My guess is that the screensaver/lock is
> > wonky.  
> 
> Doesn't work. I don't use any screensaver or automatic screen lock.
> 
> Whenever I power cycle the monitor, I get the error message below
> (found in journalctl):
> 
> jul 19 00:59:43 galaktikos gnome-shell[1748]: Failed to create colord 
> device for 'xrandr-Samsung Electric Company-S27E650-H4ZH102483':
> failed to obtain org.freedesktop.color-manager.create-device auth

There's a thread at https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=228663
that might be relevant?

Re: umask - default user settings?

[debian-user]

Darac Marjal  wrote:
> I'm not saying that what you did was wrong, but systemd provides a
> few shortcuts which can make things a bit more user-friendly.
> 
> On 16/07/2024 04:39, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > OK. Let's follow this path a bit.
> > I googled "how to create a systemd user service" and got
> > .
> >
> > Starting from there:
> >
> > hobbit:~$ cd .config
> > hobbit:~/.config$ mkdir -p systemd/user
> > hobbit:~/.config$ vi systemd/user/xterm.service
> > hobbit:~/.config$ cat systemd/user/xterm.service
> > [Unit]
> > Description=Try to run an xterm
> >
> > [Service]
> > Type=simple
> > StandardOutput=journal
> > ExecStart=/usr/bin/xterm
> >
> > [Install]
> > WantedBy=default.target  
> 
> I think the systemd shortcut here is "systemctl --user edit 
> xterm.service". Now, "systemctl edit" usually edits an "override"
> file (allowing you to override settings supplied by the OS, you can
> edit the service file directly by adding the "--full" option. And, if
> you are creating a new service you tend to have to add "--force". So,
> the most reliable command for editing a user command would be
> "systemctl --user edit --force --full xterm.service".
> 
> One advantage of using "systemctl edit" rather than simply "$EDITOR"
> is that "systemctl edit" will perform a daemon-reload upon exiting
> the editor. That is, "systemctl edit" makes systemd aware of the
> changes.
> 
> > hobbit:~/.config$ systemctl --user enable xterm.service
> > Created
> > symlink /home/greg/.config/systemd/user/default.target.wants/xterm.service
> > → /home/greg/.config/systemd/user/xterm.service. hobbit:~/.config$
> > systemctl --user start xterm.service  
> 
> You can combine "enable" and "start" into a single command by adding 
> "--now" to the enable command, thus: "systemctl --user enable --now 
> xterm.service".

Increasingly systemd reminds me of SMIT (the system management part of
AIX). Designed to simplify complicated system management scripts by
using multiple short scripts, it just resulted in thousands and
thousands of system management scripts to manage :(

Re: [OT] Re: the 'original' string function?

[debian-user]

Nicolas George  wrote:
> Emanuel Berg (12024-07-10):
> > Okay, this is gonna be a challenge to most guys who have been
> > processing text for a long time.
> > 
> > So, I would like a command, function or script, 'original',
> > that takes a string STR and a text file TXT and outputs
> > a score, from 0 to 100, how _original_ STR is, compared to
> > what is already in TXT.
> > 
> > So if I do
> > 
> > $ original "This isn't just another party" comments.txt
> > 
> > this will score 0 if that exact phrase to the letter already
> > exists in comments.txt.
> > 
> > But it will score 100 if not a single of those words exists in
> > the file! Because that would be 100% original.
> > 
> > Those endpoints are easy. But how to make it score - say - 62%
> > if some of the words are present, mostly spelled like that and
> > combined in ways that are not completely different?
> > 
> > Note: The above examples are examples, other definitions of
> > originality are okay. That is not the important part now - but
> > can be as interesting a part, later.  
> 
> You can use that:
> 
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance

Levenshtein distance isn't suited to the problem. It compares the
entirety of two strings. Emanuel is interesting in comparing one string
against substrings of a potentially much larger string, or even
substrings of the first string in random order against portions of the
second string!

Re: How to find suitable mailing list or USENET group

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> My particular problem is finding an active user oriented list/group
> for KDE's Kate editor. All I found is a developers' list.
> 
> In general, how does one find a suitable mailing list or USENET group?
> Others must have the same general problem.
 
Did you look at https://kate-editor.org/support/ ?

Re: small font

[debian-user]

Van Snyder  wrote:
 
> It's not my responsibility to deal with messages the senders aren't
> serious about being read.

It's up to you of course but if that's your opinion then you always
have the option of simply not reading messages that are sent (against
list guidelines) with HTML parts that suggest using fonts that are too
small for you.

Alternatively:

- you could search for how to adjust font sizes in evolution (hint
  edit/ preferences/ mail preferences/ general tab)

- you could set evolution to display the plain text version of emails

- you could choose another mail reader

Sadly whilst it is your opinion that it's not your responsibility, I
doubt many other people share your opinion, so I think your options are
limited to those within your own control, such as the four above.

Re: How to get an email notification every time a package is updated upstream?

[debian-user]

B  wrote:
> It seems crazy that in all the history of Debian, nobody said
> "There's a package I care about and I want to get immediately when a
> new version is released." And if they had, doing an "apt-get update"
> every minute of the day would not have been any part of the desired
> outcome.

I'd expect that normally when somebody is so keen about a particular
package, they'd be more interested to know when a new upstream version
of the package appeared, rather than it appearing in a debian update.
So the answer would depend on a lot of factors and wouldn't have a
general answer.

But in general, if there isn't an event-driven mechanism available(*)
then a polling solution is generally the next step.

* e.g. accepting notifications of all updates and filtering for the
  interesting one.

Re: Need help with narroely focused use case of Emacs

[debian-user]

Richard Owlett  wrote:
> On 06/28/2024 03:53 PM, Michael Kjörling wrote:
> > On 28 Jun 2024 14:04 -0500, from rowl...@access.net (Richard
> > Owlett):  
> >> I need to replace ANY occurrence of
> >>  
> >>thru [at most]
> >>  
> >> by
> >>  
> >>
> >> I'm reformatting a Bible stored in HTML format for a particular
> >> set of vision impaired seniors (myself included). Each chapter is
> >> in its own file.
> >>
> >> How do I open a file.
> >> Do the above replacement.
> >> Save and close the file.  
> > 
> > Ignoring the question about Emacs   
> 
> Emacs *CAN NOT* be ignored.
> It is the _available_ editor known to be capable of handling regular 
> expressions.

Err, pluma is available I believe. I've never used it but I just
started it and used the Replace... entry on the Search menu to bring up
a dialog box. In the dialog box there is a tick box labelled "Match
regular expression". So I ticked that and then tested it by editing an
html file using an RE.

So Pluma is an "_available_ editor known to be capable of handling
regular expressions."

And as others have pointed out, sed is available and it's easy to
install others. So there are many possible answers to your question
other than emacs.

Re: System time/timezone, was Re: Maximum size .bash_aliases file

[debian-user]

David Wright  wrote:
> On Mon 24 Jun 2024 at 17:12:18 (-0500), John Hasler wrote:
> > The Wanderer writes:  
> > > (Similar logic could be used for 11:59:59 PM, 12:00 M, and
> > > 12:00:01 AM, where the standalone M would stand for "midnight".
> > > That does expose one unfortunate weakness of this system: unless
> > > you introduce an additional layer of complexity, e.g. using
> > > "00:00 M", the notations for noon and midnight would be
> > > identical.)  
> > 
> > 12 Noon and 12 Midnight works.  
> 
> Except that The Wanderer's "strictly correct" version, M for noon,
> is out there in some pre-2008 documents. We've been here before:
> 
>   https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2019/09/msg00471.html

And I thought it was just me that got confused between 12am and 12pm :(
 
> Cheers,
> David.

Re: Maximum size .bash_aliases file

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> Here's another test:
> 
> hobbit:~$ TZ=Australia/Eucla printf '%(%z %Z)T\n' -1
> +0845 +0845

That seems like a bug. I'd have expected:

+0845 ACWST

Re: Having ten thousands of mount bind causes various processes to go into loops

[debian-user]

Julien Petit  wrote:
> How Linux is supposed to be used? That's why i'm here. There wasn't
> until kernel 4.19 an official limit to the number of mounts in the
> documentation. Even though we use mounts a lot, we're still far from
> the official limit. Did we get lucky for 15 years and we should change
> the way we do things or is it a bug ? I will now take this to the
> kernel team and see what they have to say about it.

I take it you have read
https://docs.kernel.org/filesystems/sharedsubtree.html which says "A
shared mount can be replicated to as many mountpoints and all the
replicas continue to be exactly same" and seems to be trying to say
your use case is valid.

I'd be interested to follow your discussion with the kernel devs if you
could post a link.

Re: Modifying Desktop Icons

[debian-user]

 wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 18, 2024 at 01:38:00AM +0100, Gareth Evans wrote:
> >   
> > > On 17 Jun 2024, at 20:45, Pranjal Singh
> > >  wrote:
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Hi,
> > > 
> > > I am trying to modify the Firefox desktop icon so that it opens
> > > an incognito window by default.
> > > 
> > > ...
> > > 
> > > - Exec=firefox %u
> > > + Exec=firefox -private-window %u
> > >   
> > 
> > Assuming that's not a typo, please try:
> > 
> > --private-window  
> 
> Yep. Asking firefox itself (firefox --help) confirms that the
> option wants two dashes.

See https://wiki.mozilla.org/Firefox/CommandLineOptions#-private-window

or just try it! It works pefectly well with a single hyphen.

Re: Modifying Desktop Icons

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 20, 2024 at 22:56:33 +0530, Pranjal Singh wrote:
> > It runs regular Firefox after adding the -private-window flag.
> > 
> > To get a MWE, I made these changes later:
> > - Exec=firefox -private-window %u
> > - StartupWMClass=firefox
> > +Exec=gnome-calculator  
> 
> Did you see Gareth's reply at
> <https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2024/06/msg00432.html>?
> 
> It's supposed to be --private-window with two leading hyphens, not
> one, he said.

He was wrong according to Mozilla's documentation.

time display was: Re: Maximum size .bash_aliases file

[debian-user]

Keith Bainbridge  wrote:
> On 16/6/24 23:50, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Sun, Jun 16, 2024 at 06:13:36PM +1000, Keith Bainbridge wrote:  
> 
> It was late afternoon on 16Jun2024 that I wrote this. Possibly
> 18:13:36 when I pressed send. I'd reckon it would likely have been
> 08:13:36 UTC What's wrong with my system clock. I've not really
> looked at the time on my originals before.  I'll try to remember to
> enter my local time as I press send

I'm confused. Your time displays (Keith) look sensible to me, given
they are in local time for somewhere like Brisbane.

The only confusing display to me is what Greg's MUA showed when quoting
your message. The time is correct but is shown in 12-hr +offset format,
which is a bit weird and is in contrast to the way his own message time
is displayed in 24-hr format.

Re: Please help me identify package so I can report an important bug

[debian-user]

Richard  wrote:
> Good catch. With the title of this thread and not seeing any proper
> description of what's actually wrong on GitHub, I figured the change
> of the adapter name was meant. Yes, with MAC randomization, that's
> what you'll get. But it's nothing Debian defaults to. So question is,
> can this be disabled on Proxmox? But with this hint, it should be
> easy enough to figure out if this can be deactivated on the affected
> systems, and if not the bug reports must be against these issues, as
> Debian itself doesn't do such things. If it is an issue with Debian
> preventing the disablement, the devs need to talk to each other.
> 
> Richard
> 
> Am Mi., 12. Juni 2024 um 17:10 Uhr schrieb Jeffrey Walton <
> noloa...@gmail.com>:  
> 
> > The random MAC address discussed in the bug report (with mention of
> > Network Manager) could be
> > <
> > https://blogs.gnome.org/thaller/2016/08/26/mac-address-spoofing-in-networkmanager-1-4-0/
> >   
> > >.  
> >
> > Jeff

I think before anybody else suggests anything, they should read
https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20240326092459.gg403...@kernel.org/T/

Re: Impossible to install extensions with Gnome browser plugin

[debian-user]

Jan Krapivin  wrote:
> Thank you for your reply. This topic is not about Debian packages, but
> about a performance of a plugin for browsers, it is not a Debian
> package.
> 
> https://wiki.gnome.org/action/show/Projects/GnomeShellIntegration?action=show&redirect=Projects%2FGnomeShellIntegrationForChrome
> 
> I am trying to install Gnome extensions with it. They are also not
> Debian packages.
> 
> https://extensions.gnome.org/about/

So maybe a Gnome forum or list or one about the specific plugin or even
one about the browser is a better place to look for help than a debian
mailing list?

Re: [ SOLVED] Re: Yet ANOTHER ThunderTurd ( Thunderbird ) topic... Text Size

[debian-user]

Chris M  wrote:
> I love Evolution and Claws to a point. Its a PITA to forward emails
> with HTML in them, like the Informed Delivery email I get each morning
> letting us know whats coming in the USPS that day.

Claws forwards mails with a text/html part just fine. What's your actual
problem with it?

Re: "Repeaters", etc.

[debian-user]

David Wright  wrote:

> I was under the impression that 3-phase to a private residence
> contravenes building regulations, as that would make 440V available
> for you to electrocute yourself.

No, it's perfectly possible - just look at your local DNO's website.
It's necessary when there's a large power draw. Historically when
people have had a workshop with three phase machines or just a very
large house, and increasingly for 3-phase EV chargers and heat pumps
(again for large, poorly insulated houses :)

It's common in some places on the Continent because they have much
lower current limits per phase. 3-phase 32A for example.

It's pretty easy to electrocute yourself with 240V, no need for 440V :)

Re: "Repeaters", etc.

[debian-user]

Brad Rogers  wrote:
> On Tue, 28 May 2024 11:31:29 +0100
> "mick.crane"  wrote:
> 
> Hello mick.crane,
> 
> >Is there not some system that runs ethernet over the mains wiring or
> >did I misunderstand it.  
> 
> Yes, there is.  I believe you're thinking of powerline adaptors.  They
> do require everything be on the same circuit, however.

I have a powerline adapter (Devolo units). There's no such restriction,
as far as I know. My powerline transmitter and receiver are certainly
on different circuits.

> The way electrical wiring is done in the UK often means separate
> floors are on different circuits, and in larger properties, each
> floor might be on two (or more) circuits, making it difficult, at
> best, to get the whole building networked this way.  And that's
> assuming ring circuits, if everything is on a radial, you're stymied.

Most houses in the UK are wired to a single phase, so everything is
connected together at the consumer unit and powerline works just fine.
If you have a specific problem, then there are DIN rail powerline units
designed specifically to be mounted in the CU to spread the signal
better over ALL the circuits.

If your house has 3-phase wiring, which is unusual in the UK, then you
may have a problem because powerline signals do need to be on the same
phase.

Re: Address 127.0.1.1

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 01:49:58PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 1:46 PM Greg Wooledge 
> > wrote:  
> > >
> > > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 01:40:38PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:  
> > > > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:13 AM Paul M Foster
> > > >  wrote:  
> > > > > 192.168.254.30  yosemite.mars.lan   yosemite  
> > >  
> > > > 127.0.1.1 is traditionally used for the fully qualified domain
> > > > name (fqdn). So I would expect to see 'yosemite.mars.lan', but
> > > > not 'yosemite'.  
> > >
> > > I don't know why you would expect that.  What purpose would that
> > > serve?  
> > 
> > Sorry I was not clear. I would expect that because 127.0.1.1 is
> > traditionally used for a fully qualified domain name, not a
> > hostname.  
> 
> What traditions are you referring to?
> 
> Here's Debian's documentation for this whole thing:
> 
> https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05.en.html#_the_hostname_resolution

It's a Debian invention, I believe: 
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316099

Re: OT: Top Posting

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> In this particular instance, we've got a person from the second
> culture who seems to have no idea that other cultures exist, or that
> a mailing list might not adhere to their own expectations.  This
> person is acting belligerantly, and will not listen to gentle
> reminders.

There's another point that this person doesn't seem to realize, which
is that he's the one asking for help, and so he should be making
efforts to adapt to the desires of those he wishes to help him, rather
than trying to insist they adapt to his ways :(

But there's a noticeably slower response to his posts now, so maybe
he'll learn by experience.

Re: Cindex

[debian-user]

David  wrote:
> Hullo,
> 
> Cindex, the world's premier indexing software, has just gone open
> source. Might be a good project for someone who has the time.
> 
> https://www.opencindex.com/
> 
> Cheers!

Where is the (open) source?

Re: Re (2): Viewing an an OpenStreetMap tile offline.

[debian-user]

pe...@easthope.ca wrote:
> Greg, Richard and all,
> 
> From: Richard 
> Date: Sun, 5 May 2024 23:02:52 +0200
> > I wouldn't even bother trying to get such ancient software up and 
> > running.   
> 
> Straightforward.  Thanks.
> 
> > [2]: https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Software/Desktop  
> 
> Extensive information.  Overwhelming really.
> 
> Numerous features, with significance not evident to me.  What is the 
> difference between "display" and "renderer"?
> 
> I need only a lightweight software to display a map tile on a Debian 
> laptop offline.
> 
> Editing, 3-D display, routing and other advanced features not 
> necessary.
> 
> Recommendations?
> 
> Thanks,  ... P.
 
What kind of tile are you interested in? Have you looked at
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Tiles ? Raster tiles seem to be
just .png files. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Rendering has a
lot of information about hw to render vector tiles. There's also
https://switch2osm.org/using-tiles/

Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[debian-user]

Charlie Gibbs  wrote:
> On 2024-04-22 16:50, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> 
> > What are the old and new hard drive model numbers and specs?  
> 
> The old drive is a Western Digital WD5000YS (500GB SATA).
> The new drive is a Western Digital Red, WF40EFPX (4TB SATA).

According to my searches, there's no such disk as a WF40EFPX. Are you
sure that's what it is? If by any chance it is a WD40EFRX then that is
certainly slower than your old drive, so may cause some problems as
suggested.

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[debian-user]

Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote:
> On 22 Apr 2024 09:00 -0400, from s.mol...@sbcglobal.net (Stephen P.
> Molnar):
> > I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of
> > Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on
> > the 1.0 TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly
> > without any warning or error messages.
> > 
> > I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise,
> > found that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!???
> > This was also the case when I logged in user!!!???  
> 
> It sounds to me like you intended to do a clean reinstall, but the
> obvious question given the observed behavior is: did you actually do
> that? For example, did you actually reformat (create file systems
> anew)?
> 
> My guess would be that you installed _on top of_ the previous
> installation rather than wiping and replacing it; so I'd start with
> seeing if that hypothesis can be ruled out. An easy way might be to
> check /var/cache/apt/archives and look for old linux-image .deb files.
> If it's a freshly installed system, there should only be one or two,
> likely at 6.1.0-20 for Bookworm. If you see any kernel older than
> 6.1.0-18, those are remnants from a previous installation (Debian 12.5
> shipped with kernel ABI 6.1.0-18
> <https://www.debian.org/News/2024/20240210>.)

He said he wanted to revert to Bullseye rather than Bookworm, so it's
to be expected that there will be older kernels, if that's really what
he meant and what he did. But as you say, without a clear statement of
the intent and the actions taken it's difficult to be sure.

Re: NextGov: Linux XZ Utils Backdoor Was Long Con, Possibly With Support

[debian-user]

Cindy Sue Causey  wrote:

> Continues to sound like one single perp is destroying the TRUST
> factor that an untold number of future programmers must meet. That's
> heartbreaking.

It has never sounded like a single perp to me. 'Jia Tan' is an obvious
sock puppet as are the other names who pushed Lasso to accept him. The
whole timescale and effort involved smacks of a team of hackers. JMHO.

Re: making Debian secure by default

[debian-user]

Curt  wrote:
> On 2024-03-28, to...@tuxteam.de  wrote:
> >
> > Security, as Bruce Schneier [1] says, is a process. Not a product. 
> 
> A process that is essentially out of your control.

I would hope it is, given how little I or most people understand about
security.

> This is the elephant in the room that you do not wish to address.

There's no such elephant since most people understand it well, and
just live with it. As we live with not being in control of our
governments, or financial institutions, or (here in the UK) building
control or post office or ... (there are lots more examples)

> Anyway, dream on.

Re: making Debian secure by default

[debian-user]

 wrote:

> [1] https://xkcd.com/1200/

Here in the UK the most important part of that xkcd for most people
simply isn't true. Anything financial has a separate login procedure
and all that I use time out after a period of inactivity (even some
stupid non-important government things). I expect the same is true in
Europe? And I'd be surprised if it isn't true in Murrica too?

So a thief would have to be very lucky! Especially in my case since I
don't own a laptop and never use a phone or suchlike for financial
matters.

Re: Root password strength

[debian-user]

Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote:

> For most values of "you", most attackers don't care about _your_
> account, or _your_ system; they care about _any_ account, or _any_
> system. Actually targeted attacks do happen, but very rarely compared
> to what might be thought of as attackers throwing stuff at the wall
> and seeing what sticks. (There's even a term for that: Internet
> background noise.)

There's increasing an extra channel available to attackers - namely
'smart' things, or the IoT. For example, many people have a 'smart' TV
that they allow to connect to the Internet so they can use various
streaming services. Each of those services, plus the TV manufacturer,
then becomes a potential point of attack into your system. Similarly
people have security cameras and doorbells connected to the Internet
and even things like fridges and washing machines! Any such device can
be compromised and used to attack computers or door locks or whatever.

Re: Root password strength

[debian-user]

Dan Ritter  wrote:
> Jan Krapivin wrote: 
> > I read Debian Administrator's handbook now. And there are such
> > words:
> > 
> > The root user's password should be long (12 characters or more) and
> > impossible to guess.   
> ...
> 
>  
> > The thing is my password is very easy now, and i haven't thought
> > about *"automated
> > connection attempts"*, that sounds rather... scary? My password is
> > easy because i am not afraid of direct physical access to the
> > computer.
> > 
> > But... if there is a serious network danger, then i should change my
> > password of course. But how strong it should be? If we speak about
> > network attacks... it should be like 32 symbols with special
> > symbols? Or this paragraph in a handbook is rather paranoid?
> > 
> > I have activated sudo now for my regular user. Can it (password of
> > regular user) be less sophisticated than root password? Because it
> > would be rather difficult to enter 32 symbols every time i wake my
> > PC after suspend.  
> 
> The threats are different for:
> 
> - a laptop that travels and can be stolen
> - a desktop that does not leave your residence
> - a server that accepts connections from the outside world
> 
> If you have a laptop, you want to have your filesystem encrypted
> (LUKS or ZFS encryption, most likely) and protected by a 12+
> character password.
> 
> If you have a desktop, perhaps you feel it is at low risk. 
> 
> If you have a machine that runs the ssh daemon, you should not
> use passwords at all for remote logins; you should use ssh keys.
> 
> Check whether you are running ssh:
> 
> /sbin/service ssh status

It's not called ssh; it is sshd
Also nowadays it's more usual to say

 $ systemctl status sshd

> If it is active, use sudo to edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config to lock
> down access. (It may be that you don't want it running at all,
> too.)
> 
> -dsr-
> 

Re: images in Perl/Tk

[debian-user]

"mick.crane"  wrote:
> On 2024-03-19 00:42, Michael Lange wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > On Mon, 18 Mar 2024 19:23:39 +
> > "mick.crane"  wrote:
> >   
> >> I try to load images with Perl/Tk but there is message,
> >> "couldn't recognize data in image file "test.jpeg" at
> >> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38/Tk/Image.pm line 21"
> >> I've tried different images/pngs/jpgs with same error.
> >> images load OK in other viewers.
> >> Installed tkpng with apt.
> >> 
> >> Anybody successfully used images with Perl/Tk?
> >> Would Tk::JPEG/Tk::PNG from cpan be happy with the Debian Tk and
> >> may possibly help recognise the file format?
> >> Or is there some 'pruning' of the images, made with Gimp, needed to
> >> work with Tk?
> >> 
> >> mick
> >>   
> > 
> > I never used Tk with Perl, but first, you do not need tkpng for png
> > images anymore, pngs have been supported natively by Tk for years. 
> > Maybe
> > tkpng is broken (as at least some versions of img::png that came
> > with debian have been)?
> > Second, Tk does not support jpegs without third-party
> > extensions; probably img::jpeg can help, so you could try to
> > install libtk-img with apt and then do the Perl equivalent of
> > 
> >package require img::jpeg  
> 
> Made an image, saved as .bmp, gif, ppm, pnm, tif, png, jpg
> #!/usr/bin/perl
> use warnings;
> use strict;
> use Image::Imlib2;
> my $image=Image::Imlib2->new(400,400);
> $image->has_alpha(1);
> $image->set_color(255,0,0,255);
> $image->fill_rectangle(0,0,400,400);
> $image->save('./images/red.png');
> 
> try to display image in Perl/Tk
> #!/usr/bin/perl
> use strict;
> use warnings;
> use Tk;
> my $mw = MainWindow->new;
> $mw->title("Test");
> my $image = $mw->Photo(-file => "images/red.bmp");
> my $image_label = $mw->Label(-image => $image)->pack;
> MainLoop;

There's a bug in your program above, when used for PNG or JPEG. It's a
perl error and I expect you would have got an answer on perlmonks as I
suggested.

The error is described on
https://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/perl3/tk/ch17_01.htm

Look for "Notice the Photo image formats JPEG, PNG, and TIFF—not part
of the Perl/Tk distribution—must be specifically imported."


> Only the .bmp file displays other files have error.
> 
> "Uncaught exception from user code:
>   couldn't recognize data in image file "images/red.png" at 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38/Tk/Image.pm line 21.
>   Tk::Image::new("Tk::Photo", MainWindow=HASH(0x560632dc9098),
> "-file", "images/red.png") called at 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38/Tk/Image.pm line 63
>   Tk::Image::__ANON__(MainWindow=HASH(0x560632dc9098), "-file", 
> "images/red.png") called at ./test-image.pl line 8"
>
> I've installed
> Tk, libgraphics-magick-perl, libimage-imlib2-perl, tkagif, tkblt,
> tklib, libtk-img, tkpng.
> 
> Now that I know .bmp works I can use that.
> Wonder tho' why others don't display, Bookworm and Trixie.
> If there is some other module to include I can't discover what it's
> name is as yet.
> Tk::Photo is a module but seems to be included in Perl/Tk
> I'm not really understanding if the Perl/Tk is a rewrite or an
> interface to Tk modules.

You might want to read the book! :) Or even the CPAN entry for Tk if
you want to understand more.

Re: images in Perl/Tk

[debian-user]

"mick.crane"  wrote:
> I try to load images with Perl/Tk but there is message,
> "couldn't recognize data in image file "test.jpeg" at 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38/Tk/Image.pm line 21"
> I've tried different images/pngs/jpgs with same error.
> images load OK in other viewers.
> Installed tkpng with apt.
>
> Anybody successfully used images with Perl/Tk?

You'll likely do better asking perl questions on e.g the perlmonks site.

> Would Tk::JPEG/Tk::PNG from cpan be happy with the Debian Tk and may 
> possibly help recognise the file format?

Sorry, are you suggesting using versions different to that which came
with the version you already have? Why would you even think of doing
that?

If you think the version of Tk you already have isn't working then
replace the whole thing, not just bits of it. But I'd think that was
premature myself.

> Or is there some 'pruning' of the images, made with Gimp, needed to
> work with Tk?
> 
> mick
> 

Re: very poor nfs performance

[debian-user]

Stefan K  wrote:
> > Run the database on the machine that stores the files and perform
> > database access remotely over the net instead. ?  
> 
> yes, but this doesn't resolve the performance issue with nfs

But it removes your issue that forces you to use the sync option.

Re: very poor nfs performance

[debian-user]

Stefan K  wrote:
> > You could try removing the "sync" option, just as an experiment, to
> > see how much it is contributing to the slowdown.  
> 
> If I don't use sync I got around 300MB/s  (tested with 600MB-file) ..
> that's ok (far from great), but since there are database files on the
> nfs it can cause file/database corruption, so we would like to use
> sync option

Run the database on the machine that stores the files and perform
database access remotely over the net instead. ?

> best regards
> Stefan

Re: Spam from the list?

[debian-user]

Hans  wrote:
> HI Brad,
> 
> I do not believe, it is a training problem. Why? Well, your formerly
> mail was marked as spam. So I marked it as ham. Now, your second mail
> again is marked as spam. 
> 
> We know, there is nothing unusual with your mail, but it is again
> marked as spam. Even, when I explicity marked your mails as ham! 
> 
> Thus the problem is not on my computer. 
> 
> I believe, what Thomas said: Megamail or my mailprovider is setting
> the X- Spam-Flag to YES, and my spamassassin is recognizing this and
> marks this as spam.
> 
> The solution would be, either to make megamails or my provider make
> things correctly (but I have no atom bombs to force them) , or delete
> my rule, to check the X-Spam-Flag (which I actually do not want). 

You don't need an atom bomb. Simply contact their support and tell them
they appear to be misclassifying mail. If they don't fix the problem
then consider changing your provider. Or at least tell them you will :)

Also they are still sending the mail to you, so it is your choice
whether to actually classify it as spam! Look at your mail program and
see what options it has regarding classifying spam. Change it to not
respect the particular header you think is causing problems.

> Important is: The cause is not at debian server (which is fine!) and
> not on my system (which is also fine), but on the provider server. 
> 
> To know this, I think we can safely close this issue.
> 
> We have learnt some things (which is always important) and could find
> the reason.
> 
> Thank you all for your help and input!!

Re: Spam from the list?

[debian-user]

Hans  wrote:
> Hi Thomas,
> 
> > you perhaps subscribed to one of the "Resent-*" lists ?
> >  
> Not as far as I know.
>  
> > > Subject: *SPAM* Bug#1065537: ITP: bleak-retry-connector --
> > > Connector for Bleak Clients that handles transient connection
> > > failures  
> > 
> > The mark "*SPAM*" does not appear in the archive
> >   
> 
> This line is set by spamassassin on my own computer, when a spam mail
> is marked as spam. Then it will be filtered out. But I can not see,
> WHJY it is recognised as apam!
> 
> >   https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2024/03/msg00076.html
> > 
> > All in all it looks like a legit message, not like spam.
> > So the suspect would sit after Debian's mail servers.
> > 
> > The only Received header i see between Debian and you is:  
> > > Received: from bendel.debian.org (bendel.debian.org
> > > [82.195.75.100])
> > > 
> > > by mail104c50.megamailservers.eu (8.14.9/8.13.1) with
> > > ESMTP id 4269vZOl098298
> > > for ; Wed, 6 Mar 2024 09:57:37
> > > +  
> > 
> > It looks like either megamailservers.eu or your own processing added
> > the spam mark to the subject.
> >   
> Hmm, suspicious. I changed nothing and suddenly many mails from
> debian-user (but not all, only some) are recognized as spam. And I
> can not see, why they are. Thre are no URLs in it, no suspicous gifs
> or any other content. Just quite normal mails. And some are flagged
> as spam, some not. Weired.

So if it's not you, then it sounds like you need to ask
megamailservers.eu why.

Re: missing development package?

[debian-user]

thyme after thyme  wrote:
> On 2024-03-04 10:48, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> 
> > That's right: in your /etc/apt/sources.list (or in some file
> > under .../sources.list.d/ at your preference) there must be
> > a way for your installer to find the sources. Something akin
> > to:
> > 
> >   deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main
> > contrib non-free  
> 
> I'm on bookworm. Pasting my current sources below. Is something
> missing?
> 
> /e/a/sources.list.d $ for f in *; echo "*  $f"; cat "$f"; echo ""; end
> *  debian-stable-updates.list
> # Debian Updates
> deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib
> non-free non-free-firmware
> 
> *  debian.list
> # Debian Stable.
> deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free
> non-free-firmware
> deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main
> contrib non-free non-free-firmware
> #deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free
> non-free-firmware

Does the # character at the start of the deb-src line matter?

> #debian backports
> #deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports main contrib
> non-free non-free-firmware
> 
> *  mx.list
> # MX Community Main and Test Repos
> deb http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/mxlinux/packages/mx/repo/
> bookworm main non-free
> #deb http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/mxlinux/packages/mx/testrepo/
> bookworm test
> 
> #ahs hardware stack repo
> #deb http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/mxlinux/packages/mx/repo/
> bookworm ahs
> 
> > Note that Debian might have some patches to make the package
> > buildable in Debian context; so installing Debian's build
> > deps is just an approximation.
> > 
> > If I were you, I'd first install the Debian src package and
> > its build deps, build that, and work on from there.  
> 
> How do I find the src package? You mean of xfce4-screensaver? This is
> all I can find:
> 
> $ apt search xfce4-screensaver
> Sorting... Done
> Full Text Search... Done
> xfce4-screensaver/mx,now 4.18.2-0.1~mx23+1 amd64 [installed]
>   screen saver and locker that is integrated with the xfce4 desktop
> 

Re: How to upgrade the GLIBCXX and GLIBC to the specific version

[debian-user]

Gremlin  wrote:
> On 2/27/24 16:08, debian-u...@howorth.org.uk wrote:
> > Gremlin  wrote:
> >   
> >> The provider is raspberry foundation and Raspian has been
> >> dis-continued.  

> Nope that is just wrong.
> 
> https://www.raspbian.org/
[snip]
> Note: Raspbian is not affiliated with the Raspberry Pi Foundation.

Re: How to upgrade the GLIBCXX and GLIBC to the specific version

[debian-user]

Gremlin  wrote:

> The provider is raspberry foundation and Raspian has been
> dis-continued.

There is such a thing as the Raspberry Pi Foundation but they are an
educational charity. Pis are supplied by Raspberry Pi Ltd. Raspbian has
NOT been discontinued, it has simply been renamed Raspberry Pi OS. I
don't know who releases it, though it is released from teh Ltd company
website rather than the Foundation. Perhaps somebody else knows more
detail.

Re: partition reporting full, but not

[debian-user]

Felix Miata  wrote:
> Keith Bainbridge composed on 2024-02-20 17:45 (UTC+1100):
> 
> > I just removed 3 snapshots from my daily driver with no change in
> > used space reported by df  
> 
> df doesn't know how to calculate freespace on btrfs. You need to be
> typing
> 
>   btrfs filesystem df

df [options] 
   Show a terse summary information about allocation of block
   group types of a given mount point. The original purpose of
   this command was a debugging helper. The output needs to be
   further interpreted and is not suitable for quick overview.


FWIW my root filesystem is btrfs and I use the normal df command all the
time without a problem. I've never used btrfs filesystem df

Re: partition reporting full, but not

[debian-user]

David Christensen  wrote:
> On 2/18/24 19:20, Keith Bainbridge wrote:
> > I am convinced that the missing space is used by btrfs snapshot
> > process.  
> 
> 
> Perhaps.  But, are you re-balancing your btrfs file systems regularly?
> 
> https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/btrfs-progs/btrfs-balance.8.en.html

But does balancing a btrfs system actually recover any space? I think
not. It's eternally moving the deckchairs on the Titanic. (though with
a more useful purpose)

I'd recommend installing snapper if you haven't already.
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Snapper is helpful for using it.

 

Re: partition reporting full, but not

[debian-user]

Keith Bainbridge  wrote:
 
> Yes the / partitions are btrfs

So the apparently missing space is perhaps taken up by btrfs snapshots.

Re: What sets LC_TIME?

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> That's all normal and expected.
> 
> What's odd is that client *actually has* LC_NUMERIC and so on set in
> its environment.  Which... is not a problem if they're all set to the
> correct values.  It's weird, but not wrong.  The problem for the OP
> was that one of the values was not set correctly, or at least not as
> expected.

It's not weird at all. It's how many people set their machines, when
they have logical minds and prefer -MM-DD date format rather than
the illogical messes most countries have in their locales.

Re: f3tools vs Silicon Power 4T drive

[debian-user]

gene heskett  wrote:
> On 2/16/24 15:47, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> >>> One of the 1T samsungs in the md raid10 isn't entirely happy but
> >>> mdadm has not fussed about it, and smartctl seems to say its ok
> >>> after testing. Other than that the gui access delay (30+ seconds)
> >>> problems I have did NOT go away when I moved /home off the raid
> >>> to another SSD, so I may move it back. One of the reasons I ma
> >>> rsync'ing this /home back to it every other day or so, takes < 5
> >>> minutes.  
> >> Please get a small SSD, do a fresh install, and test for the
> >> access delay. If the delay is not present, incrementally add and
> >> test applications. If you encounter the delay, please stop and
> >> post the details; console sessions are best.  If not, then connect
> >> the disks with /home and test. If you encounter the delay, then
> >> please stop and post the details.  If you do not encounter the
> >> delay, then your system is fixed. Take a Clonezilla image.  
> > 
> > FWIW, my crystal ball says "30s => software timeout rather than
> > hardware problem"
> > 
> > 
> >  Stefan  
> 
> We are on the same page, but what is causing the timeout?

You have to follow the steps David suggested including posting the
details here as asked, before anybody will be able to answer your
question!

Re: f3tools vs Silicon Power 4T drive

[debian-user]

gene heskett  wrote:
> On 2/15/24 15:45, Andy Smith wrote:
> 
> > MD RAID isn't the only way to achieve redundancy. You also haven't
> > explained why you need LVM. Depending on your needs, maybe a
> > filesystem with redundancy and volume management features in it
> > would be better. Like btrfs or zfs.  
> May I miss-understood the wiki, xfs is stated as not being complete
> for linux, a zfx is I think commercial?
> Can you update that?

Sorry, which wiki page do you think says XFS is not complete?

Re: f3tools vs Silicon Power 4T drive

[debian-user]

Andy Smith  wrote:

> On Wed, Feb 14, 2024 at 08:48:31PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:
> > On 2/14/24 19:48, Andy Smith wrote:
> > > Please show us the command you used¹ to do that, so we know what
> > > exactly you are talking about, because as previously discussed
> > > there's a lot of different things that you like to call "partition
> > > labels".  
> > 
> > This is what gparted calls a "partition label"  
> 
> Okay, thanks for clarifying. This, or preferably a copy-paste of the
> actual parted command session would suffice.
> 
> I don't know what the relevance is of the rest of the following
> paragraph - your life story is not required and you were not accused
> of lying, just asked to clarify.
> 
> Do remember that this mailing lists does not accept attachments (and
> very few mailing lists in general do), so any time you are tempted
> to send a photo to a mailing list it is probably an error. We did
> not see whatever it was, but it doesn't sound relevant.

FWIW, the photo that Gene attached was certainly attached to the mail
that the list sent to me, so I suppose that this list does permit
attachments, at least in some circumstances.

I do agree with your sentiment that the text output of a CLI command is
both simpler and better though.

Re: SMART Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt rising - should I be worried?

[debian-user]

The Wanderer  wrote:

> It turns out that there is a hard limit of 65000
> hardlinks per on-disk file;

That's a filesystem dependent value. That's the value for ext4.

XFS has a much larger limit I believe. As well as some other helpful
properties for large filesystems.

btrfs has different limits, depending on where the hardlinks are,
apparently. Some larger, some ridiculously smaller.

Re: shred bug? [was: Unidentified subject!]

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> Shred will determine the size of the file, then write data to the
> file, rewind, write data again, etc.  On a traditional hard drive,
> that will overwrite the original private information.  On modern
> devices, it may not.

Thanks for the excellent explanation :)

One nitpick. You say "On a traditional hard drive, that will overwrite
the original private information" but that's not quite true. It also
needs to be a "traditional" file system! That is, not journalled or COW.

So nowadays I would expect shred not to work unless you got very
lucky, or planned carefully.

Re: shred bug? [was: Unidentified subject!]

[debian-user]

David Christensen  wrote:
> On 2/10/24 16:10, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Sat, Feb 10, 2024 at 04:05:21PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:  
> >> 2024-02-10 16:03:50 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> >> $ shred -s 1K - | wc -c
> >> shred: -: invalid file type
> >> 0
> >>
> >>
> >> It looks like a shred(1) needs a bug report.  
> > 
> > I'm confused what you expected this command to do.  You wanted to
> > "destroy" (by overwriting with random data) a pipe to wc?  What
> > would that even look like?
> > 
> > The basic premise of shred is that it determines the size of the
> > file, then writes data over it, rewinds it, and repeats this a few
> > times. A pipe to a process has no size, and can't be rewound.
> > 
> > Declaring a pipe to be an "invalid file type" for shredding sounds
> > pretty reasonable to me.  
> 
> 
> The documentation is confusing:
> 
> On 2/10/24 16:05, David Christensen wrote:
>  > 2024-02-10 16:03:42 dpchrist@laalaa ~
>  > $ man shred | grep 'If FILE is -'
>  > If FILE is -, shred standard output.  

Maybe it is unstated but mandatory to use -n 1 as well?
And optionally -s N?
I expect reading the code would tell.

First time I've read the man page properly.
Interesting point about COW filesystems such as btrfs :)

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[debian-user]

Felix Miata  wrote:
> hw composed on 2024-02-09 12:07 (UTC+0100):
> 
> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?  
> 
> I bought my first APC just last year, because it was what I found on
> the shelf in WalMart, only 450VA, with "Best-in-class Service and
> Support", more to protect bedroom TV and recorder against anomalies
> than power outage here in the world's lightning capital. All my
> larger ones that are currently in service are Eaton or Tripp-Lite. My
> spare is a Powercom with steel frame and cover, hard to extract
> swollen old batteries from.

FWIW Eaton owns Tripp Lite, whilst APC is owned by Schneider Electric.

Re: xterm PRIMARY and CLIPBOARD selection [was: Re: Copy from Firefox and paste into Terminal with Vim]

[debian-user]

Stefan Monnier  wrote:
> > I have not said it is more “standard for terminals”, I have that it
> > is more “standard” fullstop. It is more standard by the virtue of
> > having worked for decades, C-Ins S-Ins S-Del existed way before the
> > C-C C-V C-X tryptich, and still working today in most contexts.  
> 
> Indeed, IIUC these key bindings were part of the CUA standard:
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Common_User_Access

Indeed and CTRL-C & friends first appeared as Apple-C on the Lisa, it
seems and were appropriated by Microsoft after a while:

https://www.howtogeek.com/804030/the-origins-of-ctrlc-ctrlv-ctrlx-and-ctrlz-explained/

Re: Copy from Firefox and paste into Terminal with Vim

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 05, 2024 at 10:28:53PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:
> > Continuing from above in Vim in Insert mode, if I then
> > simultaneously press the Ctrl, Shift, and v keys, and then release
> > all keys, Vim inserts the contents of the clipboard; as confirmed
> > by:
> > 
> > xclip -o -selection CLIPBOARD  
> 
> How's that possible?  Are you running a GUI version of vim (gvim?)
> instead of running vim in a terminal?  Or are you using an exotic
> terminal?

Wow, thanks! I learned something new.

> In xterm and urxvt, Ctrl-Shift-v is identical to Ctrl-v ("literal
> next"), so there's no way vim can distinguish the two.  And yes, I
> tested it just to be sure.  In both xterm and urxvt, vim, insert
> mode, Ctrl-Shift-v acts exactly like Ctrl-v.

So it does. How bizarre! Makes vim in an xterm unusable.

> If you're using a terminal that isn't xterm, please specify which.
> This applies in general to *any* issue that involves exotic key
> combinations, because different terminals handle them differently.

I know I don't like xterm so I never use it. I mainly use lxterminal
and sometimes gnome-terminal but they both must be 'exotic' since they
behave as David said.

Re: Many systemd units do not start anymore

[debian-user]

Christoph Pleger  wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> on one of my server machines, suddenly many systemd units (e.g. cron,
> autofs) do not start any more, neither at boot nor when trying to
> start manually with "systemctl start ", this hangs till I abort
> with Ctrl-C - though the commands defined in ExecStart work when I
> type them in directly. From my judgement, I also believe that it
> takes unusually long till then command "systemctl status "
> returns a result.
> 
> I already removed systemd completely (apt-get --purge --auto-remove
> remove *systemd*) und switched to SYS V Init, in which all services
> started successfully. But after switching back to systemd, I again
> had the problem of non-starting services.
> 
> Does anyone have an idea what is possibly wrong?

As appears later in the thread, you seem to have missed out some pretty
basic information, including:

- what is the hardware?
- what release of what operating system is in use?
- what happened just before things 'suddenly' stopped working? Did you
  upgrade the machine, or install some new software, or just reboot it
  or what?
- you say it is just one of your server machines. Can you draw any
  comparisons with the state of your other server machines?

> Regards
>   Christoph 

Re: How can we change the keyboard layout? (was: what keyboard do you use?)

[debian-user]

Brian Sammon  wrote:
> On Mon, 05 Feb 2024 21:06:30 +0100
> hw  wrote:
> 
> > Yes, it's a misunderstanding: How can we change the keyboard
> > layout?  
> 
> I recently dug into this because I am running Debian on a Chromebook,
> and I wanted to map the Google-key (located next to the A key, where
> you usually expect Caps-Lock to be) to be a Ctrl, for
> Emacs-Correctness.  I wanted a solution that would also work when I
> used an external keyboard (which has an actual CapsLock next to the
> A), and would work both in X and in console mode.
> 
> The solution I found, which should work when using Wayland as well,
> was to customize the lowlevel scancode-to-keycode mapping that is
> managed by udev.  You can have different remappings for different
> keyboard models.
> 
> This keymapping system is very powerful, but somewhat ideosyncratic,
> and somewhat poorly documented.  And it's an edit-the-configfile
> system; I'm not aware of any GUI config tools for it.
> 
> It took me over 2 hours to figure out and set up, after which I had a
> scrambled pile of notes (in a text file) but not the energy to clean
> them up.  The next time I do it I expect it'll take me about an hour
> (if the same process still applies) instead of the 15 minutes it
> would take if I did a proper job of documenting it for myself.
> 
> Some of the webpages in my notes that I remember being useful are:
> https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Keyboard_input
> https://yulistic.gitlab.io/2017/12/linux-keymapping-with-udev-hwdb/
> (including some of the comments that contain more recent info)
> https://medium.com/@canadaduane/key-remapping-in-linux-2021-edition-47320999d2aa

Many, many thanks for this post Brian. Those links are truly excellent.

> Some somewhat-informative files on my computer were
> /lib/udev/hwdb.d/60-keyboard.hwdb (comes with udev)
> /usr/include/linux/input-event-codes.h (comes with linux-libc-dev
> package)
> 
> Gotchas include:
> Some things *must* be in lowercase (keycodes, I think?)
> Some things *must* be in uppercase (certain hexadecimal stuff?)
> For best results, triple-check that the case you use is exactly the
> same as the example/sample config files. If you get this wrong, udev
> will just ignore the erroneous parts of your config file, (and you
> might think it just didn't see it) instead of giving an error message.
> 

Re: How can we change the keyboard layout? (was: what keyboard do you use?)

[debian-user]

hw  wrote:
> On Mon, 2024-02-05 at 14:34 -0600, David Wright wrote:
> > [...]
> >  "The German layout differs from the English (US and UK) layouts in
> >   four major ways:  
> 
> It's missing out on yet another major way: Umlaute.

If you reread the wikipedia page, you'll see that umlaut keys are
mentioned as the second of the four ways.

> The Umlaute take whole keys for themselves like other letters, and
> since there aren't any more keys on the keyboard, they replace other
> characters which contributes to the German keyboard layout being
> rather awkward and difficult to use.  Whoever created it has
> completely overlooked that computers aren't typewriters.
> 
> And it's very bad not to have a right Alt key.  That also has
> consequences that make things worse.
> 
> > 
> > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_keyboard_layout  
> 
> 

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[debian-user]

ghe2001  wrote:

> Take a look at Tripp Lite:
> 
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripp_Lite
> 
> I used them for years to back up a small domain -- they make
> sine-wave electricity.

One of the references in the wikipedia article looked interesting:

https://www.computerworld.com/article/2472189/a-surge-protector-that-doesn-t-protect.html

Re: counting commas

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> I won, and you lost

There shouldn't be a comma in that sentence, in English. There is in
the closely related expression "I won, you lost."

> I really don't think I'd try this with shell scripts.  The tools just
> aren't designed for this.  You really want tools that are custom built
> for natural language processing, or a language that lets you run
> through a large string character by character in a fast, efficient
> way (C comes to mind) if you're trying to build your tools from the
> ground up.

At the risk of being seen as old-fashioned, but as a user of both
languages, I think Perl is a much better choice than C for string
processing. But whatever the OP knows is likely the best choice in the
short term.

Re: No Release file for Security Update

[debian-user]

Tixy  wrote:
> On Thu, 2024-01-18 at 12:06 -0600, John Hasler wrote:
> > Tixy writes:  
> > > Where could your machine be getting this IP address from?  It's
> > > the same IP address shown in your output when you used the
> > > incorrect address 'ftp.security.debian.org' and for me that
> > > doesn't resolve to any IP address.  
> >   
> > > From here both security.debian.org and
> > > ftp.security.debian.org resolve  
> > to 57.128.81.193.  Happens both with Unbound and with 8.8.8.8.
> > 
> > toncho/~ 22 dig  ftp.security-debian.org  
> 
> That's a different address (you're using a '-') and works for me too.
> 
> I was using the address that George _said_ he used in his email,
> obviously he was wrong and just mis-typing emails rather than copy and
> pasting in what he was actually using :-(

Another example of why posting the prompt and command as well as the
output is useful :)

Re: How to prevent rtkit from giving firefox higher priority?

[debian-user]

hw  wrote:
> On Tue, 2024-01-16 at 11:27 +0100, Arno Lehmann wrote:
> > I don't know anything about rtkit, but I may be able to parse
> > English :-)
> > 
> > Am 16.01.2024 um 10:42 schrieb hw:
> > ...  
> > > The messages in the journal are actually weird:
> > > 
> > > 
> > > rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 145442 of process
> > > 145185 (/usr/lib64/firefox/firefox) owned by '1000' RT at
> > > priority 10.
> > > 
> > > rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 2534 of process
> > > 2507 (/usr/bin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' RT at priority 20.
> > > rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 2534 of process
> > > 2507 (/usr/bin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' high priority at nice
> > > level 0. rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 2534 of
> > > process 2507 (/usr/bin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' RT at
> > > priority 20. rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 2534
> > > of process 2507 (/usr/bin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' high
> > > priority at nice level 0.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > It says 'made owned by'.  Does user 1000 not own the process to
> > > begin with?  Which user owned it before?  Or what is that
> > > supposed to mean?  
> > 
> > What it tries to say is probably "made (thread ... owned by 1000)
> > high priority".  
> 
> It says 'made thread ... (at nice level 0) owned by 1000'.  This is
> inconclusive at best: The thread is obviously _at_ some nice level or
> _at_ some priority and was made owned by 1000.

Well no it doesn't. You've changed the order of the words and that
changes the meaning.
 
> If it had changed the priority it should say that, but it doesn't.

There's a rather unwieldy noun phrase
"thread 2534 of process 2507 (/usr/bin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000'"
which identifies a particular thread. Let's call that THREAD.

Then what the log says is:

rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made THREAD RT at priority 20.
rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made THREAD high priority at nice
level 0. 
rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made THREAD RT at priority 20.
rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made THREAD high priority at nice
level 0.

So the log is telling you something about changes to the priority and
real-time nature of that particular THREAD. I've no idea what they
actually mean.

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[debian-user]

phoebus phoebus  wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> >> Clearly we don't know of any terminal
> >> emulators that do what you want.  (I assume you've already looked
> >> at kermit, and found it lacking... yes?  OK then.)  
> 
> I want to express my sincere gratitude for pointing me to this
> project. I wasn't familiar with the Kermit terminal emulator before
> but after looking at their website, I believe that Kermit 95's
> feature set should address my needs. The features such as:
>  * Copy/paste, print, searching, and bookmarks in the scrollback
> buffer
>  * Host-directed and local printing
>  * Versatile printer control, including bidirectional printers and
> built-in Text/PostScript conversion seem to align with my
> requirements.
> 
> I also explored E-Kermit (Kermit for Embedding) since we were asked
> if there was an emulator that could perform these functions in an
> embedded environment. However, based on what it does not do, it
> doesn't seem to be the solution I was hoping for. Regarding the
> purely Linux/Unix C-Kermit, it appears to be less feature-rich
> compared to Kermit 95, so it may not be the best fit for my
> requirements.

You don't mention it, but did you look at CKW (C-Kermit 10.0 for
Microsoft Windows)?

In any event it seems it might be worth your time to contact the kermit
developers as well as the putty developers.

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[debian-user]

Charles Curley  wrote:
> On Sat, 13 Jan 2024 09:59:48 -0500
> Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> 
> > The real problem here is that we're all blind men trying to grasp
> > the elephant.  
> 
> A good summary of what we know so far. I suspect that the OP should
> question whether it's time to scrap the elephant entirely, and
> re-think the problem de novo. Remember that an elephant is a horse
> designed by a committee.

AIUI a camel is a horse designed by committee (possibly said by
Issigonis).

An elephant is supposedly a mouse designed by committee (particularly
an American committee IMHO :)

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[debian-user]

phoebus phoebus  wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> >> > Currently, PuTTY is an option but its current version has
> >> > limitations that make it insufficient for our operational use.  
> >>
> >>
> >> Commission the PuTTY authors to add the missing features or pay
> >> someone else to do it if they aren't interested.
> >>
> >> https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/  
> 
> 
> I have already tried to contact the PuTTY development team using the
> email address pu...@projects.tartarus.org; however, I did not receive
> a response. Originally, my request in that email was to explore the
> possibility of commissioning the PuTTY authors or paying someone else
> to add these features in case the development team was not interested.
> 
> My goal in funding this project would be to have the code integrated
> into the main PuTTY branch and become an integral part of official
> releases, thus avoiding obsolescence. However, outside of the PuTTY
> team, I am not certain of the best way to proceed to achieve this
> goal. Therefore, I wonder if the address pu...@projects.tartarus.org
> is the correct one to contact the project, and if anyone could
> suggest a more appropriate contact address or any other suggestions
> to advance this improvement proposal.

Looking at
https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/feedback.html#feedback-features
suggests that you should try to design whatever features you require
yourself in the first instance, and then submit it for consideration
by the maintainers. And be prepared to implement it if required before
submission to the project. I don't mean that you personally should do
this, but rather that you should hire someone suitably qualified to do
it. Specifically someone who is not part of the team, unless they
volunteer. It sounds like their problem is lack of available effort.

> Regards,
> Thierry

Re: Temporary failure in name resolution

[debian-user]

Curt  wrote:
> On 2024-01-12, debian-u...@howorth.org.uk
>  wrote:
> > Curt  wrote:  
> >> On 2024-01-11, Max Nikulin  wrote:  
> >> >
> >> > There was a thread that "home" as the top level domain might not
> >> > be really safe (somebody might register it). A reserved domain
> >> > is "home.arpa" so e.g. to have "thinkpad", the /etc/hosts entry
> >> > should be
> >> >
> >> > 127.0.1.1   thinkpad.home.arpa thinkpad
> >> >
> >> 
> >>  The .arpa domain is the “Address and Routing Parameter Area”
> >> domain and is designated to be used exclusively for
> >> Internet-infrastructure purposes.
> >> 
> >> https://www.iana.org/domains/arpa  
> >
> > Indeed, and a little way down that page it says:
> >
> >   home.arpa For non-unique use in residential home networks
> > RFC 8375  
> 
> I missed that.
> 
> Yet the reserved gTLDs from the 2018 ICANN resolution
> are .home, .corp, and .mail. Does home.arpa comply with that
> resolution?

I don't see there's any connection between that resolution and anything
done within the .arpa gTLD. So there's no notion of 'complying'.

Re: Temporary failure in name resolution

[debian-user]

Jeffrey Walton  wrote:
> On Fri, Jan 12, 2024 at 11:08 AM Curt  wrote:
> >
> > On 2024-01-12, debian-u...@howorth.org.uk
> >  wrote:  
> > > Curt  wrote:  
> > >> On 2024-01-11, Max Nikulin  wrote:  
> > >> >
> > >> > There was a thread that "home" as the top level domain might
> > >> > not be really safe (somebody might register it). A reserved
> > >> > domain is "home.arpa" so e.g. to have "thinkpad",
> > >> > the /etc/hosts entry should be
> > >> >
> > >> > 127.0.1.1   thinkpad.home.arpa thinkpad
> > >> >  
> > >>
> > >>  The .arpa domain is the “Address and Routing Parameter Area”
> > >> domain and is designated to be used exclusively for
> > >> Internet-infrastructure purposes.
> > >>
> > >> https://www.iana.org/domains/arpa  
> > >
> > > Indeed, and a little way down that page it says:
> > >
> > >   home.arpa For non-unique use in residential home networks
> > > RFC 8375  
> >
> > I missed that.
> >
> > Yet the reserved gTLDs from the 2018 ICANN resolution
> > are .home, .corp, and .mail. Does home.arpa comply with that
> > resolution?  
> 
> And to muddy the waters a little more, IANA has some reserved domain
> names, too:
> <https://www.iana.org/assignments/special-use-domain-names/special-use-domain-names.xhtml>.
> Also see <https://www.iana.org/domains/reserved>.

Those references don't seem to muddy the issue. The second refers to
the first and the first says 

  home.arpa.[RFC8375]

> Jeff
> 

Re: Temporary failure in name resolution

[debian-user]

Curt  wrote:
> On 2024-01-11, Max Nikulin  wrote:
> >
> > There was a thread that "home" as the top level domain might not be 
> > really safe (somebody might register it). A reserved domain is 
> > "home.arpa" so e.g. to have "thinkpad", the /etc/hosts entry should
> > be
> >
> > 127.0.1.1   thinkpad.home.arpa thinkpad
> >  
> 
>  The .arpa domain is the “Address and Routing Parameter Area” domain
> and is designated to be used exclusively for Internet-infrastructure
>  purposes.
> 
> https://www.iana.org/domains/arpa

Indeed, and a little way down that page it says:

  home.arpa For non-unique use in residential home networks
RFC 8375

:P

Re: Donate money

[debian-user]

noah poulton  wrote:
> Hi guys!
> 
> 
> I was wondering, is there a way to donate to Debian via direct debit?
> I want to to donate but I don't have a paypal account (and I don't
> really want to create one).
> 
> I live in the UK (if that makes a difference).

Clicking on the paypal link doesn't mean you need to create a paypal
account. It's just a payment service and you can use your regular
credit card details. I agree it would be better for Debian to use some
other payment service though!

> Thanks,
> 
> Noah Poulton.

Re: NFS: IPV6

[debian-user]

Marco Moock  wrote:
> Am 04.01.2024 um 18:19:57 Uhr schrieb Pocket:
> 
> > Where can I find information on how to configure NFS to use ipv6 
> > addresses both server and client.  
> 
> Does IPv6 work basically on your machine, including name resolution?
> 
> Does it work if you enter the address directly?
> 
> https://ipv6.net/blog/mounting-an-nfs-share-over-ipv6/
> 
> How does your fstab look like?

plus FWIW...

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23824_01/html/821-1453/ipv6-ref-71.html

"NFS software and Remote Procedure Call (RPC) software support IPv6 in a
seamless manner. Existing commands that are related to NFS services
have not changed. Most RPC applications also run on IPv6 without any
change. Some advanced RPC applications with transport knowledge might
require updates."

Re: The current package wpasupplicant doesn't support WPA3-Personal authentication. What alternatives to it exist?

[debian-user]

Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 04, 2024 at 12:04:52AM +0100, Stella Ashburne wrote:
> > >   https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/wpasupplicant
> > >  
> > The main heading of that web page is Package: wpasupplicant
> > (2:2.10-12)
> > 
> > Immediately below it is the sub-heading that states
> > 
> > client support for WPA and WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i)
> > 
> > I fail to see WPA3 mentioned therein.  
> 
> Read more.
> 
>   client support for WPA and WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i)
> 
>  wpa-supplicant is a userspace daemon handling connection and
>  authentication in wireless and wired networks, primarily secured
> with the WPA/WPA2/WPA3 protocols. This software provides key
> negotiation with the access point (WPA Authenticator), and controls
> association with IEEE 802.11i networks.

I do think Stella has a point in that the description page has a bug -
the sub-heading and the following text are not consistent. She should
raise an issue/bug report/whatever IMHO.

Re: Printer weirdness

[debian-user]

gene heskett  wrote:
> On 12/30/23 16:43, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Sat, Dec 30, 2023 at 10:25:27PM +0100, Hans wrote:  
> >> Sorry, did I impress myself so wrong?
> >>
> >> What I meant, were the packages for the driver, which Brother
> >> provide.
> >>
> >> If you want to know, take a look at support.brother.com, see which
> >> I mean.  
> > 
> > Someone else going to a web site today is NOT necessarily going to
> > figure out what version of what package YOU got from a web site at
> > some unknown point in the past.  
> 
> Sorry Greg but as a fan of brother printers, I can't let this one go
> by. IF you use the script Brother provides, run it, it asks you for
> the exact model number of the printer you have, and then installs and
> sets up the latest bug fixed version of their driver for THAT
> printer, for in my experience any Brother product.

The OP has already demonstrated that he does not know the name of the
printer, and repeatedly stated it wrongly. So he wouldn't have got the
right answers on the Brother site. Hence the query.

Re: Printer weirdness

[debian-user]

Hans  wrote:
> Am Samstag, 30. Dezember 2023, 18:06:43 CET schrieb debian-
> u...@howorth.org.uk:
> > Hans  wrote:  
> One is a Brother DCP-125j (connected via USB-cable), the other a
> Brother MFC- L3750CDW (coonnected via LAN to thze router). 
> 
> The Notebook is connected via WIFI to the router. 
> 
> Both printers do NOT have WIFI.
>  
> 
> > You'll probably get more help if you're more explicit about the
> > configuration. You seem to be exceptionally coy!
> >   
> 
> 
> > What version of debian?  
> Debian/stable
> 
> > What specific printer models?  
> 
> See above.
> 
> > Which printer is connected by USB? And which by LAN?  
> See above.
> 
> >   
> > > For installation I am using CUPS and XSANE.
> > > 
> > > Now to the issues:
> > > 
> > > 1st question:
> > > Although there are no printers configured in CUPS, LibreOffice
> > > does see and can use the printers. My idea is, that Libreoffice
> > > is using its owb printer drivers, can that be, does someone know
> > > more?
> > > 
> > > 2nd question:
> > > When installed with CUPS, there appear TWO pronters, one (for
> > > example) is called "DCP-125J" and the other one "DCP-125J_debian".
> > > However, only one of the entries is working (the one without
> > > "_debian". Where does it get its name?  
> > 
> > I'm guessing that the name you give is a typo? And it's actually
> > DCP-J125 since that is the name of a Brother printer. And the
> > obvious answer as to where it gets its name is from the printer
> > driver for that printer.
> >   
> 
> Dunno. The names appear twice, at each of one of them one name end
> with the string "_debian" 

To find out what model of printer it is look at the printer and see
what is printed on it!

> The other question someone asked:
> 
> The packages I mentioned I installed, were of course CUPS packages
> from the debian repo, as well as the needed packages supplied by
> Brother (which for example include the *:pp files).

Which packages? What are the names of all the packages? (not 'for
example' '*:pp')

> Hope this make things clearer.

It's like dragging blood from a stone!

> Best
> 
> Hans

Re: Printer weirdness

[debian-user]

Hans  wrote:
> Hi folks,
> 
> I am looking for an explanation of a strange effect.
> 
> The issue:
> I have a customer, who is using debian and has connected two printers
> (one of them with an integrated scanner and LAN, the other via
> USB-cable).

You'll probably get more help if you're more explicit about the
configuration. You seem to be exceptionally coy!

What version of debian?
What specific printer models?
Which printer is connected by USB? And which by LAN?

> For installation I am using CUPS and XSANE.
> 
> Now to the issues:
> 
> 1st question:  
> Although there are no printers configured in CUPS, LibreOffice does
> see and can use the printers. My idea is, that Libreoffice is using
> its owb printer drivers, can that be, does someone know more?
> 
> 2nd question: 
> When installed with CUPS, there appear TWO pronters, one (for
> example) is called "DCP-125J" and the other one "DCP-125J_debian".
> However, only one of the entries is working (the one without
> "_debian". Where does it get its name?

I'm guessing that the name you give is a typo? And it's actually
DCP-J125 since that is the name of a Brother printer. And the obvious
answer as to where it gets its name is from the printer driver for that
printer.

> Both printers appear also in
> CUPS, but they do NOT appear in the printer sections of the
> "systemsettings" in KDE.
> 
> So, when connected TWO printers, the user has to choose of FOUR
> entries.
> 
> How can that be fixed, ifat all?
> 
> 
> 3rd question:
> The same appears with the scanner. When I start XSANE, then I get
> FOUR entries to chose: one name ending with the IP-addresse (the
> scanner is connected by LAN) marked, one without IP, one starting
> with the string "ecl:" and one starting with "ipp:". Whilst
> two of them I can explain myself, only two of the entries are
> working, the one starting "ecl:" and the pone with the IP.
> 
> The IPP-entry is clear for me, it is for internet printing, but last
> one is NOT explainable and is lookinbg for me as an unnecessary
> double entry like it appears at the printers.
> 
> How can I fix this?
> 
> 
> Additionally I should tell, the printers and scanner are both from
> Brother, who offers driver packages for the devices on his website
> for debian.
> 
> Alls needed packages are installed.

Which specific packages are installed?

> However, I could not find out, that debian supports Brother printers
> and scanners natively, so I need to install their packages. 
> 
> This was all the time that way. Or did debian change something
> related to printers and scanners during the last year? Then please
> let me know, what I might have missed.
> 
> Thank you very much for feedback, and also for all the help and hard
> work during all the time!!!
> 
> Happy new year!!!
> 
> Best
> 
> Hans

Re: Firefox Warning [SOLVED]

[debian-user]

Mike McClain  wrote:
> You are correct Tixy and my apologies.
> Raspberry Pi advertises itself as Debian ...

That's true and maybe somebody should request them to change the sig-on
message when you log in to something more accurate?

Re: Help: network abuse

[debian-user]

Alain D D Williams  wrote:
> On Thu, Dec 21, 2023 at 10:11:08AM -0500, Pocket wrote:
> 
> > Use a firewall and set it up correctly.  
> 
> That I have done.
> 
> The issue is broadband usage - ie before it hits the firewall.

IIUC you have a residential system with an ISP connection with a
download limit, and on that you are running a web server that you want
to expose so some of your contacts can access it.

You are concerned by scans run by potentially hostile actors against
your server. Particularly by the volume of data they send.

Is that correct?

As long as you have a web server exposed, you cannot stop anybody and
everybody sending packets to it, for good purposes or foul. You can
cause your outermost firewall to drop packets, either from a blacklist
of disallowed addresses or from all hosts except those on an allowed
whitelist of hosts. That should reduce the traffic you see
significantly.

You should in any case instruct your firewall to drop all incoming
packets on all ports except those you specifically need.

Alternatively, you can change your ISP to one that offers unlimited
service. I am happy with Zen, and would be happy to switch to Andrews &
Arnold if I needed to.

Re: System getting slower and slower (debian Testing)

[Laurent Debian]

Hi,
please ignore the previous message
It seems that upgrading from 6-0-1 to 6-0-5 fix the problem (that or
autoremove)
regards,
Laurent


Le dim. 17 déc. 2023 à 10:44, Laurent Debian  a
écrit :

> Dear All,
> I am running debian Testing,
> I did two things recently, upgrading the debian and changing my graphic
> cards (radeon RX 570 -> radeon RX 7600).
>  Before that my desktop was in good shape, quite reactive and so on.
> For a few days  I have experienced a super slow system with a lot of lag.
> I first thought of not enough free space but it does not seem to be the
> case
> I can't even play  an audio files, without having it stutter, not to
> mention videos or audio online.
> A lot of problems seem to show in the dmesg output related to the graphic
> driver but I don't know what to do :/
> Any help would be appreciated !
>
> Regards,
> Laurent
>

Re: dhcpd.conf Q?

[debian-user]

gene heskett  wrote:

[snip]
> I use nano a lot, but it could use a larger font for these ancient
> eyeballs. 

nano runs in a terminal so it doesn't control the font - the terminal
does. How you change the font size in a terminal depends on which
terminal program you are using. I expect $ man xterm (or whatever) will
be helpful.

[snip]

Re: why would "tr --complement --squeeze-repeats ..." append the substitution char once more? ...

[debian-user]

Albretch Mueller  wrote:
> echo "abc123" > file.txt
> ftype=$(file --brief file.txt)
> echo "// __ \$ftype: |${ftype}|"
> ftypelen=${#ftype}
> echo "// __ \$ftypelen: |${ftypelen}|"
> 
> # removing spaces ...
> ftype2=$(echo "${ftype}" | tr --complement --squeeze-repeats
> '[A-Za-z0-9.]' '_');
> echo "// __ \$ftype2: |${ftype2}|"
> ftype2len=${#ftype2}
> echo "// __ \$ftype2len: |${ftype2len}|"
> 
> lbrtchx

Short answer. tr doesn't append anything. echo does output a linefeed
at the end of the string, unless you stop it. tr dutifully translates
that to an underscore.

Re: Image handling in mutt

[debian-user]

songbird  wrote:
>  wrote:
> > On Sun, Dec 10, 2023 at 01:28:20PM -0500, songbird wrote:  
> >>  wrote:  
> 
>   there is rarely a need to e-mail me directly.
> 
> >> ...  
> >> > That's why I cringe when people name executables "foo.sh". What
> >> > do you do when you decide to rewrite the thing in C (or Rust, or
> >> > whatever)?
> >> >
> >> > Do you go over all calling sites and change the caller's code?  
> >> 
> >>   no, i would just consider it a transition or a change
> >> in versions.  :)  
> >
> > Again. You have one script, say /usr/local/bin/ring-the-bells.sh
> > You use it in several other scripts. If you now re-implement it
> > in your favourite Pascal as ring-the-bells.pas or something, you
> > go over all your executables and fix that?
> >
> > IMO an executable name should indicate /what/ an executable does,
> > not /how/.  
> 
>   i'm fine with that, but i'm also capable enough to know
> how to search through a code base to find all the strings
> i might need to change.

You make the anti-heroic assumption that your code is never used
outside of your control (or specifically, outside of your code base).

>   i just scanned a few of my projects and noted i do not
> use the .sh extension much at all for the binaries/executables,
> but parts of the code may have that extension.

That's a fine choice, as long as none of the internals will be exposed
externally, IMHO. Though I confess I do often add a .pl extension to
filenames :(

PS I suspect tomas sent mail to you for the same reason I nearly did,
namely that you or your mailer explicitly asked for it with a reply-to
header. Certainly my claws MUA interprets that as meaning you want a
copy too.

Re: Hardware TOTP on Linux

[debian-user]

piorunz  wrote:
> On 06/12/2023 07:45, Andre Rodier wrote:
> > If you also know a small phone supporting Debian, it could be fine
> > as well. **I don't need phone functions like, bluetooth, wifi,
> > etc.**  
> 
> Pinephone tick this box. It works quite well, for early development
> Linux phone. Operating system you want is Mobian, which is Debian
> (original Debian repos) + Linux kernel which works on this device and
> phone GUI stuff.

Maybe even a Pine Time Dev Kit ticks the box? Apart from the Debian
requirement :P

Re: debian forgot usr pw

[debian-user]

y...@vienna.at wrote:
> On Fri, 8 Dec 2023 12:17:35 +0700
>   Max Nikulin  wrote:
> > 
> > On 08/12/2023 08:49, gene heskett wrote:  
> >> I've now set a root pw, about 34 chars, so they'll be a couple
> >> eons 
> >>guessing it AND (horrors) have written it down.  
> > 
> > Consider pass phrases.
> > 
> > 
> > Deep Dive: EFF's New Wordlists for Random Passphrases
> > By Joseph Bonneau July 19, 2016
> > 
> > is declared to be an improvement of diceware.  
> 
> What is diceware?

Try asking google

> Why trust EFF?

See above

> > kepassxc supports generation of pass phrases based on the EFF word 
> >list. A couple of memorable pass phrases (for different scopes) may 
> >protect other passwords stored in a password manager.
> > 
> > https://xkcd.com/936/ Password Strength  
> 
> Or trusting "https://xkcd.com/936/ Password Strength" ?

Nobody's asking you to?

Re: how to firefox settings

[debian-user]

fxkl4...@protonmail.com wrote:
> on a page in firefox use tools -> page info -> permissions
> i notice override keyboard shortcuts is set to allow
> where can i change the defaults for this

Defaults are built-in; you can't change them (except by modifying the
source and recompiling).

You can turn off the Use defaults button and then change Allow or Block
as you wish. That's what the popup allows.

Re: Isolated Web Co Session crash Firefox-ESR

[debian-user]

Karl Vogel  wrote:
> On Wed, Dec 06, 2023 at 06:04:36AM +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > On Wed, Dec 06, 2023 at 02:42:32AM +0800, jeremy ardley wrote:
> >   
> > > I have discovered a magic bullet for solving running out of memory
> > >   sudo sync; sudo sh -c 'echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'
> > > Sadly it looks like I'll need to do this daily,  
> > 
> > It's the browsers eating your memory. That's what they do.  
> 
>   I've had problems with Firefox eating my swap on both Linux and
> FreeBSD. My fix has been to run the swap2ram script below hourly.

TBF FF has stopped eating memory & swap since it updated to 115.5.0 ESR

Re: Telnet

[debian-user]

gene heskett  wrote:
> On 12/4/23 05:22, Anssi Saari wrote:
> > debian-u...@howorth.org.uk writes:
> >   
> >>> I concur, and would add that even on an isolated network one
> >>> should prefer ssh. First, to be in the right habit. Second
> >>> because it will do things that telnet won't, like tunnel X.  
> >>
> >> Ah but will it tunnel wayland?? Enquiring minds want to know :)  
> > 
> > Yes.
> >   
> yes here too.

Thanks guys :)
I was under the impression wayland didn't do networks. I live and learn.

> Cheers, Gene Heskett.

Re: Telnet

[debian-user]

Charles Curley  wrote:
> On Sun, 3 Dec 2023 14:01:38 -0500
> Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> 
> > The question is whether anyone should be running a telnetd *server*.
> > On an isolated network, it might be acceptable.  But it's really a
> > bad habit that should be stomped out aggressively, as machines
> > which are currently on an isolated network might not remain there
> > forever.  
> 
> I concur, and would add that even on an isolated network one should
> prefer ssh. First, to be in the right habit. Second because it will do
> things that telnet won't, like tunnel X.

Ah but will it tunnel wayland?? Enquiring minds want to know :)

Re: Mailing List

[debian-user]

Pocket  wrote:
> Anyone one else having trouble with the mailing list?
> 
> Have received any messages since Nov 30
> 
> I can not tell if I am still subscribed
> 
> I get
> 
>   Error: Overload
> 
> On the https://lists.debian.org/users.html page

Your message made it to the list. Various people commented and you can
see them in the archive as well as your own post at:

https://lists.debian.org/msgid-search/14a3f8ab-8475-45c2-ae1c-b05ab135c...@columbus.rr.com

FWIW, I haven't noticed anything strange but I haven't been observing
closely.

Re: Hardware Advice Wanted: Router

[debian-user]

Roberto C. Sánchez  wrote:
> On Mon, Nov 13, 2023 at 03:57:28PM -0700, Charles Curley wrote:
> > My FIT-PCs that provide network services are getting old, and i386
> > Linux is slowly fading away. So I would like to replace them with a
> > router/gateway computer.
> > 
> > It should run Debian.
> > 
> > It should either have two gigabit (or better) Ethernet interfaces or
> > have suitable expansion capability.
> > 
> > It should be quiet: no fans, and low power requirements. A small
> > physical footprint would be nice.
> > 
> > Most of the time it will run headless, but occasionally I will need
> > to stick a monitor and keyboard on it. VGA will do fine.
> > 
> > It will be a router. It will have at least DNS, DHCP, apt-cacher-ng
> > and firewalld on it. Modest disk and RAM will be fine.
> > 
> > WiFi is handled elsewhere for now, but I won't turn it down.
> > 
> > SSD for storage would be nice, although the FIT-PCs do fine with IDE
> > spinning rust.
> >   
> I am in the process of solving almost the exact same problem. At the
> moment, this is my leading candidate:
> https://www.newegg.com/neosmay-kc12-alder-lake/p/2SW-006Y-00074
> 
> In my case, I also use my router as a backup server, so I wanted dual
> storage. If you can get by without that, then this much cheaper
> machine might work for you:
> https://www.newegg.com/p/2SW-006Y-00079
> 
> I haven't purchased either one yet, but I plan to purchase the first
> in the coming weeks.

The price of the first one goes up in 5 days, so don't leave it weeks!
 
> Regards,
> 
> -Roberto
>