Transmission line formula?

2002-08-28 Thread brent . dewitt

Anyone have a formula for calculating the Z0 of two parallel rectangular
pieces of metal tubing in air?  I'm designing a log-periodic antenna and
need to get the boom transmission line spacing right.

Thanks!

Brent DeWitt
Datex-Ohmeda


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Re: Setting up an SMT Lab - thermocouple madness - a small chuckle

2002-08-28 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that Gary McInturff Gary.McInturff@worldwidepackets
.com wrote (in 917063bab0ddb043af5faa73c7a835d40ac...@windlord.wwp.com
) about 'Setting up an SMT Lab - thermocouple madness - a small
chuckle' on Wed, 28 Aug 2002:

This was a long standing practice and I saw it used many times. 

It would be highly illegal now. Think of all that pretty green mercury
vapour! It's surprising, considering what we read about toxicity on the
Web, that you didn't need a new technician for each thermocouple. (;-)

Or, maybe you just forgot to mention that? (;-)
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

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Re: question on capacitor discharging

2002-08-28 Thread Joe P Martin


Susan,

For Laboratory Equipment, section 6.10.3 (c) of UL 3101-1, EN 61010-1 and
CSA 1010.1 states  If plug pins of cord connected equipment receive a
charge from an internal capacitor, the pins shall not be hazardous live 5s
after disconnection of the supply.

Regards

Joe Martin
Compliance Engineering
Applied Biosystems




  
shbeard@rockwellcollin 
  
s.com To: emc-p...@ieee.org
  
Sent by:   cc:  
  
owner-emc-pstc@majordomSubject: question on 
capacitor discharging 
o.ieee.org  
  

  

  
08/28/2002 07:51 AM 
  
Please respond to   
  
shbeard 
  

  

  





Hello to all,
Other than MIL-HDBK-454 which states (as a guide) that high voltage
circuits and capacitors should be provided with discharging devices unless
they discharge to 30 volts or less within 2 seconds after power removal
are there other standards that specify/require capacitors to be discharged
to a certain voltage within a specified time?

Thanks,
Susan Beard
EMI Engineer



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HP8411xEM

2002-08-28 Thread Caron, Francois

Bonjour,

 We are looking for bying a second-hand EMI System kit, either
HP84110EM or HP84115EM.

 We are located in Montréal.

 Merci!


François Caron, ing. M.Sc.
Concepteur, circuit électronique
Systèmes de Sécurité Publique Positron Inc.
5101 Buchan, Montréal, Québec, H4P 2R9
(514) - 345 - 2270 + 2862
(514) - 815 - 1618 (Fido)
fca...@positron.qc.ca


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Re: Insulation Distance Between Circuitboard Layers (Safety)

2002-08-28 Thread Cortland Richmond

In a former job, I prevailed on them to follow (mostly) a rule of 100 mils
clearance between any inner OR outer layer conductor, and conducting
objects directly exposed to ESD. This, after a helpful layout designer
decided to improve things by adding internal ESD traces interlaced with
power and ground. (Don't do that.)

However, the problems I've seen with clearance to surge and power-cross
were associated with clearance to *vias* (and inside relays - a different
matter) on the surface. The epoxy and FR4 material inside were more than
sufficient to insulate against 2500 volt surge test voltages, even with 5
mil thickness.

I believe the thread you recall was with respect to double insulation IN
TRANSFORMERS.

To prevent warping, keep the stackup symmetrical. Each layer should be
matched by one the same thickness, on the other side. You will also need to
insure copper is pretty evenly distributed.


Cortland

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Re: Insulation Distance Between Circuitboard Layers (Safety)

2002-08-28 Thread JPR3
In a message dated 8/28/2002, Chris Maxwell writes:


 Can anyone see any pinholes in my reasoning?  Can anyone recall the thread 
 regarding multiple layers of thin insulation?
 


Hi Chris:

Wow, you are really pushing the limits with your board design.  I work with 
EN 60950, and the clause in the third edition that is relevant to your 
question is 2.10.5.3, Printed Boards.  The default requirement is 0.4 mm 
insulation thickness, but there are alternative methods listed in Table 2M.  
For instance, you can use three layers of sheet insulating material including 
pre-preg.  You can even use two layers if you run a routine production test 
for electric strength.

I don't know how much of this is relevant to EN 61010-1, but hopefully the 
info on 60950 will be useful in pursuing this.


Joe Randolph
Telecom Design Consultant
Randolph Telecom, Inc.
781-721-2848
http://www.randolph-telecom.com



Insulation Distance Between Circuitboard Layers (Safety)

2002-08-28 Thread Chris Maxwell

Hi all,

A couple of weeks ago, I started a thread trying to relate creepage and 
clearance distances on the surface of a circuitboard to layer spacing of 
interior layers of a circuitboard.  I deal with EN 61010-1; and I'm considering 
double insulation between AC and SELV.

The result of that thread was that creepage and clearance is a surface issue. 
 Once inside the board,  I should look at the minimum through insulation 
distances as a guideline.  A distance of 0.4mm from EN 60950 was mentioned.  

Well, we had our board laid out.  We put 0.018 between hazardous voltages and 
SELV. We applied this distance to traces on the same layer and to the 
interlayer insulation distance.  When it came to interlayer insulation, we 
needed this gap in three places (between four layers of the board).  The board 
is eight layers and has a total thickness of 0.093.Once you do the math 
and add in the thickness of two ounce copper, this left us about .004 for 
other layers.  So, starting from the component side, we had interlayer 
insulation thicknesses of 0.018, 0.018, 0.018, 0.004,  0.004, 0.004,  
0.004.  

When we went for prototypes, the board house laughed us out of the building.  
Their feeling was that this board would warp like a potato chip.   The thicker 
insulation layers on the component side would heat much more slowly than the 
thin layers on the solder side.

  This is where it gets 
sticky*

I seem to remember reading an EMC-PSTC thread regarding this minimum thickness 
saying that the reason behind it was to prevent arcing through pinholes in the 
insulation.  I seem to remember that thread continuing to say that it is 
alright to use thinner insulation, as long as there are multiple layers of it; 
and as long as each layer had enough dielectric strength.  The reasoning behind 
this is that pinholes in the insulation layers wouldn't line up; and there 
would be an infinitesimal probability of there being a pinhole path all of 
the way through three layers.  If there was a pinhole in one layer, there would 
 still be enough dielectric strength in the other layers to prevent arcing.  

I then combined this with the fact that FR4 has a rating of at least 1200 
Volts/mil.  This would tell me that I could stack multiple layers of .002 
FR4 and have a safe design with about three layers.

I also learned that most circuitboard conductive layers are separated by 
multiple insulation layers of stock sizes such as 106, 1080, 2113...  I 
had to ask the guy at Nelco to explain the jargon to me :-)  He also informed 
me that stacking too many of these fiberglass sheets together would lead to 
possible degradation of registration.  

So, I have directed the board house to look at reducing the .018 spaces to 
.010; but, they need to make sure that this .010 has at least three layers of 
fiberglass (such as 1 layer of 106 (2 mils thick) and 2 layers of 2113 (4 
mils thick)) within it.  

I then had them divide the saved thickness among the other layers in order to 
even things out a bit.

Can anyone see any pinholes in my reasoning?  Can anyone recall the thread 
regarding multiple layers of thin insulation?

Chris Maxwell | Design Engineer - Optical Division
email chris.maxw...@nettest.com | dir +1 315 266 5128 | fax +1 315 797 8024

NetTest | 6 Rhoads Drive, Utica, NY 13502 | USA
web www.nettest.com | tel +1 315 797 4449 | 




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RE: Setting up an SMT Lab - thermocouple madness - a small chuckle

2002-08-28 Thread Gary McInturff

Brian,
I thought a bit of thermocouple making history might give you a small 
chuckle, particularly because it was THE method at a large safety agency.
The facilities guy in charge of making thermocouples went through the 
following process.
Both leads were stripped at both ends.
One end was then wrapped around the point of a pencil and the leads 
twisted together and clipped off after three turns. 
With his left hand the guy would hold the instrument attachment leads 
to a big electrode.
The bead end in his right hand would then be dipped into a coffee cup 
sized open pool of Mercury. The thermocouple was the last element in a high 
current path, with a light bulb load.
With a flash of light the light bulb illuminated and the dissimilar 
metals were welded together in the mercury bath. 

The only safety mechanism I could see was that the impedance of the 
thermocouple wire was much less than the parallel human body path from the 
technicians left hand, through his heart, and out to his right hand. 
Well, okay he had learned or was instructed to not put his other hand 
into the Mercury pool so I suppose the thermocouple insulation in his right 
hand was maybe the second fault path.
This was a long standing practice and I saw it used many times. Perhaps 
this would be easier than demonstrating the correlation to argon gas welded 
devices.
Gary

-Original Message-
From: Brian O'Connell [mailto:boconn...@t-yuden.com]
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 6:48 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: Setting up an SMT Lab


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RE: CE (EN5013)

2002-08-28 Thread POWELL, DOUG

Possibly you have a typographical error. Most ENs have 5 digits in the
document number, not 4.  Is it EN55013?

-doug

---
Douglas E. Powell, Compliance Engineer
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
Mail stop: 203024
1626 Sharp Point Drive
Ft. Collins, CO 80525

970.407.6410 (phone)
970-407.5410 (fax)
mailto:doug.pow...@aei.com
---



-Original Message-
From: Wani, Vijay (V) [mailto:vw...@dow.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 27, 2002 6:34 AM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject: CE (EN5013)



Group:
I am looking for CE(EN5013) standard. I will appreciate any help or
direction. 
thank you in advance.

vijay wani
The Dow Chemical Company
989-636-0473

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RE: EN 60601

2002-08-28 Thread Peter Merguerian

Kim,

I checked the IEC website and they have a list of all the TRFs in the
following link. Unfortunately, I was unable to locate the 
EN 60601-1 TRF

https://domino.iec.ch/webstore/home.nsf/webstore_search.htm?OpenPage

Please note that the IEC 601-1 TRF I have (received from the test agencies
we work with), states that the TRF originator is UL. Therefore, for your
copy you should try by calling the UL office in Denmark (Demko) or the UL
office in Frankfurt, Germany. 


Regards,



This e-mail message may contain privileged or confidential information. If
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http://www.i-spec.com





-Original Message-
From: Kim Boll Jensen [mailto:kimb...@post7.tele.dk]
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 3:00 PM
To: EMC-PSTC
Subject: EN 60601


Hi all

I need a report form like those used in the CB scheme for EN
60601-1-1;2001 and for EN 60601-1 + A1, 2, 12, 13. I can't find anywhere
to buy it.

So could some one help me to get a copy or tell me where to buy them.

Best regards,

Kim Boll Jensen
Bolls Raadgivning
Denmark

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RE: PFC or Harmonic Current Limitations outside Europe

2002-08-28 Thread Joshua Wiseman
Jim,

When China converted to the CCC approval scheme they adopted the Chinese
version of EN 61000-3-2.

Japan has a requirement under JEITA to test harmonics at 120V while using an
impedance in line.

I have heard that Australia and Korea are also moving in this direction.

Taiwan follows the US for the most part and I have not heard anything in
this arena.

I am curious to hear the responses you get on this one.  Good luck.

Regards,
Josh

Josh Wiseman
EMC/Product Safety
(714) 368-2737
[mailto:jwise...@printronix.com]


-Original Message-
From: Jim Eichner [mailto:jim.eich...@xantrex.com]
Sent: Monday, August 26, 2002 12:33 PM
To: 'EMC-PSTC - forum'
Subject: PFC or Harmonic Current Limitations outside Europe



Can anyone provide any information on the requirements for (or lack of) PFC
or harmonic current limitation now or in the future, in the following areas:

1. Japan
2. North America (I think I've heard rumours)
3. Australia / New Zealand
4. Any other location you are aware of where it definitely IS a requirement

Thanks as always for the group's input.

Regards, 
Jim Eichner, P.Eng. 
Manager, Engineering Services 
Xantrex Technology Inc. 
Mobile Power
web: www.xantrex.com http://www.xantrex.com 
Any opinions expressed are those of my invisible friend, who really exists.
Honest.


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RE: question on capacitor discharging

2002-08-28 Thread Kazimier_Gawrzyjal

See IEC 60950 cl. 2.1.1.7

Regards,
Kaz Gawrzyjal
Dell Computer Corp.

-Original Message-
From: shbe...@rockwellcollins.com [mailto:shbe...@rockwellcollins.com]
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 9:51 AM
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: question on capacitor discharging



Hello to all,
Other than MIL-HDBK-454 which states (as a guide) that high voltage
circuits and capacitors should be provided with discharging devices unless
they discharge to 30 volts or less within 2 seconds after power removal
are there other standards that specify/require capacitors to be discharged
to a certain voltage within a specified time?

Thanks,
Susan Beard
EMI Engineer



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question on capacitor discharging

2002-08-28 Thread shbeard

Hello to all,
Other than MIL-HDBK-454 which states (as a guide) that high voltage
circuits and capacitors should be provided with discharging devices unless
they discharge to 30 volts or less within 2 seconds after power removal
are there other standards that specify/require capacitors to be discharged
to a certain voltage within a specified time?

Thanks,
Susan Beard
EMI Engineer



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Re: China MII Approval Experts

2002-08-28 Thread Fred Borda


Hi Jeffrey,

The applicant for the MII approval must be a properly registered Chinese 
company. One item in the application package is a copy of the company's 
registration documents (company license) stamped by the local bureau of 
administration (like notorization).


It used to be that the application was submitted initially to MII before 
testing began. That changed about a year or so ago. The application is now 
submitted after all testing is completed. So, yes, it's possible to begin 
testing before company registration is complete, as long as the test lab is 
OK with it.


One note: we've seen company registrations drag on longer than expected, 
causing long delays in the MII approval. Anything you can do to ensure the 
company registration process goes smoothly will help reduce headaches in 
your approval process.


Hope this helps,

-Fred Borda
Compliance International
www.typeapproval.com


At AM 12:07 08/28/02 -0700, Collins, Jeffrey wrote:


Group,

Fact: You must be a Chinese registered company to sell telecom products in
China.

Question: Does a company need, to officially be a Chinese registered company
prior to submitting the application to MII? If so, when can they file the
application? Can you start testing your product at an MII lab before or
while your registration is being processed?
Your expertise and /or personal  experiences are appreciated.
Thanks,

Jeffrey Collins
Sr. HW Engineering Manager
EMC/ NEBS/ Reliability/ Safety
CIENA  Core Switching Division
10480 Ridgeview Court, Cupertino, CA. 95014
(408) 366-4806, Fax (408) 366-4867
jcoll...@ciena.com
http://www.ciena.com




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Fred Borda
Director
Marketing  Business Development
Compliance International
www.typeapproval.com
--
The experts in telecommunications equipment type approval
across the Asia-Pacific region
--
4713 First Street, Suite 280
Pleasanton, California 94566-7362 USA
Tel  +1.925.417.5571 (direct)
Fax  +1.925.417.5574
Mobile  +1.650.740.5762
fbo...@typeapproval.com



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Job Opening - Telecom Sales

2002-08-28 Thread Phil . Godfrey
Please respond to email below:
 
Nemko, a world leading testing laboratory for EMC, Telecom, Safety, and
Wireless, is seeking a sales professional for our Dallas operations to sell
testing and approvals services to hi-tech manufacturers.
 
Responsibilities include developing new business.  Previous telecom
experience is essential.  Minimum of 2 years sales experience required.
Base + commission + benefits.
 
Fax resume to 972-436-2667 or email: denise.godf...@nemkona.com
mailto:denise.godf...@nemkona.com 
 
Phillip Godfrey 
Manager, Product Safety 
Nemko Dallas, Inc 
802 N. Kealy Ave 
Lewisville. TX75057-3136 

T: (972) 436-9600 / F: (972) 436-2667 
www.nemkona.com http://www.nemkona.com  




RE: Setting up an SMT Lab

2002-08-28 Thread Brian O'Connell

It has been my experience that the safety agency, or whatever NCB-designated
body, will supply a checklist based on specific IEC 17025 clauses.  The
audits I've received, depending on the agency, have all focused on different
requirements. Note that, unlike the 900x paper chase, 17025-based audits
tend to focus on your company's compliance with *technical* requirements and
competency of test lab personnel.

Of all the stuff required, my biggest hurdle will be (nobody will believe
this) demonstrating through empirical and computational methods, that the
uncertainty of measurement is not affected by not welding my thermocouples
in Argon gas (other than writing PID-control code, this will be the only
time I've ever used my school-boy calculus).

Two of the three agencies auditing me seem to be very interested in my
thermocouples and instrumentation; the other one seems to be more interested
in competent test technique. 

Note that 17025 requires that the organization  also operate in accordance
with ISO 9001 or ISO 9002. Everything considered, I beleive the TMP, SMT,
or whatever will be a good thing if the agencies avoid the 900x
mind-numbness. Good Luck.

R/S,
Brian O'Connell
Taiyo Yuden (USA), Inc.


-Original Message-
From: George Stults [mailto:george.stu...@watchguard.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 27, 2002 3:27 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Setting up an SMT Lab

Hello group,

I am currently considering the possibility of setting up a Supervised
Manufacturer Testing (SMT) Lab at my company.   This is an entirely new area
for me.   I would appreciate any comments online or offline as to what
experience folks have had with this type of program,  positive or negative
recommendations or comments, whats good about it, what to watch out for,
etc.   The type equipment to be evaluated is limited to ITE. 


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EN 60601

2002-08-28 Thread Kim Boll Jensen
Hi all

I need a report form like those used in the CB scheme for EN
60601-1-1;2001 and for EN 60601-1 + A1, 2, 12, 13. I can't find anywhere
to buy it.

So could some one help me to get a copy or tell me where to buy them.

Best regards,

Kim Boll Jensen
Bolls Raadgivning
Denmark
attachment: kimboll.vcf

RE: IEC Guide 104

2002-08-28 Thread richwoods

On the whole, of course safety is involved; but that is not the question at
hand. What I am trying to get at is that a particular requirement/test may
not be safety related in a particular application. That occurs from time to
time in ITE testing, so is there any reason why the same investigative
rationale cannot be applied to the components used in ITE, such as
lasers/LEDs, where the standards for those components have a normative
reference in the ITE standard?

Richard Woods
Sensormatic Electronics
Tyco International


-Original Message-
From: John Woodgate [mailto:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 2:56 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Re: IEC Guide 104



I read in !emc-pstc that richwo...@tycoint.com wrote (in 846BF526A205F8
4BA2B6045BBF7E9A6A04675652@flbocexu05) about 'IEC Guide 104' on Tue, 27
Aug 2002:
EN 60825-1 is a normative reference in Annex ZA of EN 60950.

Clause 1.1 of EN 60825-1 says:

When a laser system forms part of equipment which is subject to another
IEC
product safety standard . . . this part 1 will apply in accordance with the
provisions of IEC Guide 104, for hazards resulting from laser radiation.

Clause 1.4.1 of EN 60950 says 

The requirements and tests detailed in this standard shall be applied only
if safety is involved. If it is evident from the design and construction of
the equipment that a particular test is not applicable, the test shall not
be made.

It appears that this clause can be extended to EN 60825-1. What does IEC
Guide 104 say in this regard? If it is silent on this subject, do you agree
that requirements and tests in EN60825-1 shall be applied only if safety is
involved?

Yes, but how could safety NOT be involved? Is your laser in a totally
sealed, non-openable block?
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk

Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

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China MII Approval Experts

2002-08-28 Thread Collins, Jeffrey

Group,

Fact: You must be a Chinese registered company to sell telecom products in
China.

Question: Does a company need, to officially be a Chinese registered company
prior to submitting the application to MII? If so, when can they file the
application? Can you start testing your product at an MII lab before or
while your registration is being processed?
Your expertise and /or personal  experiences are appreciated.
Thanks,

Jeffrey Collins 
Sr. HW Engineering Manager 
EMC/ NEBS/ Reliability/ Safety
CIENA  Core Switching Division
10480 Ridgeview Court, Cupertino, CA. 95014
(408) 366-4806, Fax (408) 366-4867
jcoll...@ciena.com
http://www.ciena.com




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 unsubscribe emc-pstc

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 Ron Pickard:  emc-p...@hypercom.com
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Re: IEC Guide 104

2002-08-28 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that richwo...@tycoint.com wrote (in 846BF526A205F8
4BA2B6045BBF7E9A6A04675652@flbocexu05) about 'IEC Guide 104' on Tue, 27
Aug 2002:
EN 60825-1 is a normative reference in Annex ZA of EN 60950.

Clause 1.1 of EN 60825-1 says:

When a laser system forms part of equipment which is subject to another IEC
product safety standard . . . this part 1 will apply in accordance with the
provisions of IEC Guide 104, for hazards resulting from laser radiation.

Clause 1.4.1 of EN 60950 says 

The requirements and tests detailed in this standard shall be applied only
if safety is involved. If it is evident from the design and construction of
the equipment that a particular test is not applicable, the test shall not
be made.

It appears that this clause can be extended to EN 60825-1. What does IEC
Guide 104 say in this regard? If it is silent on this subject, do you agree
that requirements and tests in EN60825-1 shall be applied only if safety is
involved?

Yes, but how could safety NOT be involved? Is your laser in a totally
sealed, non-openable block?
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

---
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Technical Committee emc-pstc discussion list.

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Re: PFC or Harmonic Current Limitations outside Europe

2002-08-28 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that Jim Eichner jim.eich...@xantrex.com wrote (in
67C475A5ECE7D4118AEC0002B325CAB6017681D7@BCMAIL1) about 'PFC or
Harmonic Current Limitations outside Europe' on Mon, 26 Aug 2002:

Can anyone provide any information on the requirements for (or lack of) PFC
or harmonic current limitation now or in the future, in the following areas:

1. Japan

Japan has had a 'trial standard' for some years. It is not the same as
IEC/EN 61000-3-2, but is based on it. It does not apply to everything,
as the EN does.

2. North America (I think I've heard rumours)

There is already IEEE 519. I think it is exceedingly unlikely that USA
will adopt the present edition of IEC 61000-3-2, particularly since it
doesn't claim to apply to 120V 60 Hz systems.

3. Australia / New Zealand

I understand that the current edition of IEC 61000-3-2 is being studied,
but the level of controversy over it makes adoption unlikely.
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

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