Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Igor Robul]

Deepak Naidu wrote:


Right Mike, this is what exactly I want.  More details are

I have LVS server in Linux, installed with Nagios.  I have 5 spam servers and 5 
IMAP and POP servers, from which 2 spam servers are

  



5 spam servers? Now we know at least one spammer
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Re: libdl.so.2 not found for java plugin

[N Deepak]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 09:55:45AM -0400, Lowell Gilbert wrote:
> >   When I symlink libjavaplugin_oji.so from
> >   /usr/X11R6/lib/browser_plugins/ to the plugin path in jdk directory, I
> >   get this error message on starting Mozilla:
> > 
> >   LoadPlugin: failed to initialize shared library
> >   
> > /usr/local/linux-sun-jdk1.4.2/jre/plugin/i386/ns610-gcc32/libjavaplugin_oji.so
> >   [Shared object "libdl.so.2" not found, required by
> >   "libjavaplugin_oji.so"]
> 
> On my system, that was installed from linux_base:
> ~> /usr/local/sbin/pkg_which /usr/compat/linux/lib/libdl.so.2
> linux_base-8-8.0_6 linux_base-8-8.0_7
> ~>
> 
It's there on my system too.  But LoadPlugin doesn't seem to see it!  Am
I supposed to use libmap.conf?  The man page didn't help me much.

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/compat/linux/lib$ ls libdl*
libdl-2.3.2.so libdl.so.2
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/compat/linux/lib$

Thanks,
Deepak

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About SCSI devices on freebsd 5.4...?

[perikillo]

  Hi people, i have this tape: Seagate STD224000N, is plug into one
scsi pci card, freebsd is using this drives:

*ahc
*pass
*sa

   My questions is, i need to setup first the pci-card on my BIOS or
there is no problem if the BIOS dont have the driver?

   This all my doubt, thanks all for your time.

   Freebsd 5.4-p8
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non-English character support

[Alex Teslik]

Hello,

I have several files on my system that I have received from various
sources - French, German, and Italian. They have all flavors of accents and
umlauts. When I list these files in my Konsole, the filenames are all messed
up - but only on the non-English characters (I'm assuming the characters out
of the normal ASCII range?). In a non-X11 standard tty console, the characters
display fine. I have tried following the directions in the handbook here:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/lang-setup.html

But with no results. My .cshrc settings are:

setenv  LANG   en_US.ISO8859-1
setenv  MM_CHARSET ISO-8859-1

I was also wondering why there is no en_US.UTF8 in /usr/share/locale? Any
guidence is much appreciated.

I am using FreeBSD 4.10-RELEASE-p5.

Thanks,
Alex

- Please cc me as I am not currently subscribed -

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Re: natd redirect help

[guru]

El día Thursday, October 20, 2005 a las 02:19:55PM -0500, Efren Bravo escribió:

> Hi,
> 
> I've a freebsd5.4 with ipfw and natd. I need that external users can enter
> to my internal network services (http, ftp, etc). 
> 
> freebsd box:
> out interface: 200.x.x.x
> in interface: 10.x.x.x
> 
> /etc/rc.conf file:
> --
> gateway_enable="YES"
> 
> firewall_enable="YES"
> firewall_script="/etc/ipfw.rules"
> firewall_logging="YES"
> 
> natd_enable="YES"
> natd_interface="vr0"
> natd_flags="-f /etc/natd.conf"
> 
> /etc/natd.conf file:
> 
> redirect_port tcp 10.x.x.x:8080 80 #redirec to internal web server
> 
> 
> The question is if I've to open the port 80 on freeBSD's vr0 because I not
> able to enter to those services.

Hola Elfren,

I don't use 'ipfw' and 'natd', but we use ipfw/ipnat in our firewall and
with this the rules would be like this:

/etc/ipnat.rules:
# HTTP:
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the oficial IP addr on NIC 'em1'
#
rdr em1 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32 port 80 -> 10.0.1.202 port 80

/etc/ipf.rules:
# Allow in standard www function because I have apache server
# will be NAT routed to the webserver 10.0.1.202
#
pass in quick on em1 proto tcp from any to any port = 80   flags S keep state

Un abrazo

matthias
-- 
Matthias Apitz / Sisis Informationssysteme GmbH
Gruenwalder Weg 28g / D-82041 Oberhaching
Fon: ++49 89 / 61308-351, Fax: -399, Mobile ++49 170 4527211
http://www.sisis.de/
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mbr and boot disks?

[Mark]

Hi

I am currently dual booting between windows and freebsd but I need to
reinstall windows on the other partition. How do I create a freebsd boot
disk so that after windows rewrites my mbr I can still get back to bsd?
Then how would I re-install freebsd's boot manager so I can continue to
dual boot?

thanks

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Re: Epson Stylus C65

[Mike Jeays]

On Thu, 2005-10-20 at 20:36, Alejandro Pulver wrote:
> On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 22:14:59 -0400
> Mike Jeays <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > I had a good bit of trouble with the very similar C86.  Google for the
> > DeviceModel parameter values if these don't work with a C65. You need
> > to install ijsgimpprint, of course. At present, my etc/printcap file
> > says:
> > 
> > lp|C86:\
> >   :lp=/dev/unlpt0:\
> >   :lf=/var/log/lpd-errs:\
> >   :if=/home/mike/bin/C86-filter:\
> >   :sd=/var/spool/lpd:\
> >   :mx#0\
> >   :sh:
> > 
> > and my home-grown filter contains:
> > #!/bin/sh
> > 
> > TMP=/tmp/C86.tmp
> > PS=/tmp/C86.ps
> > 
> > cat >$TMP
> > ch1=`head -1 $TMP | cut -c 1`
> > if [ "$ch1" = '%' ]
> > then
> >  # echo "Postscript"
> >  cat $TMP >$PS
> > else
> >   # echo "Text"  
> >   /usr/local/bin/enscript -B -q -p - $TMP >$PS
> > fi
> > 
> > # InkType=CMYK, RGB are valid
> > cat $PS | /usr/local/bin/gs -sDEVICE=ijs \
> >-sIjsServer=/usr/local/bin/ijsgimpprint \
> >-sDeviceManufacturer=EPSON  \
> >-sDeviceModel=escp2-c84 \
> >-sIjsParams=Quality=720x360sw,InkType=CMYK,MediaType=Plain \
> >-dIjsUseOutputFD \
> >-q \
> >-dNOPAUSE \
> >-dBATCH \
> >-sOutputFile=- -
> > 
> > # MUST delete them, or subsequent jobs may have trouble
> > rm -f $TMP,$PS
> > 
> > 
> > This is not what you would call polished software - the minute I got
> > it to work, I stopped fiddling with it.  It does at least do the job.
> > 
> 
> Hello,
> 
> Thank you for your reply.
> 
> I tried your filter (most times by doing it manually), but I can't get
> it working. I tried "ijs" and "stp" (Gimp-print), and many Cxx printer
> versions.
> 
> BTW the script you are using is very similar (if not equal) to the
> command "apsfilter" calls (that is "gs") at the end.
> 
> I only get some "< your problem?
> 
> Also it isn't a connection problem: I tried both USB and Parallel
> connections.
> 
> Do you know about anything else I can do?
> 
> Best Regards,
> Ale

I am not sure what else to suggest.  I didn't get a series of characters
like "

Learning to write FreeBSD Device Drivers

[Peter Clutton]

Hi everyone, hope this isn't too off topic. I'm a sysadmin who taught
myself programming (and have worked as a PHP ad MYSQL developer) and
really want to develop my FreeBSD skills, and hopefully one day be
able to give something back to FreeBSD.

I want to start writing device drivers, and would love any pointers to
resources and tips from anyone. At the moment I'm reading a good C
primer, along with The Design and Implementation of The FreeBSD
Operating System ( a great book), and browsing the relevant sections
in the Handbook and the source code. I'm wondering what else i could
look at to help "join the ends" if you know what i mean.

I know there is a comprehensive book on writing device drivers for
Linux, would it help conceptually, or at all (i know the system calls
are different) to read this as a beginning? Would looking at two
drivers for the same hardware, for Linux and FreeBSD, looking at the
difference, and maybe first try porting a new one be a good idea? Are
there any other good resources anyone could point me to? I hope you
don't think I'm too focused on linux resources, if I wanted to take
the easy way, I'd be interested in it, but i much prefer FreeBSD.

Any tips or pointers to resources would be much appreciated!! Thanks in advance.
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Re: compile error

[Kris Kennaway]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 04:33:57PM -0700, vijay singh wrote:
> Hello, I see the following error on a (kernel) make, after a recent cvsup.
>  11# make
> cc -c -O2 -pipe -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wredundant-decls
> -Wnested-externs -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith
> -Winline -Wcast-qual -fformat-extensions -std=c99 -nostdinc -I- -I.
> -I../../.. -I../../../contrib/dev/acpica -I../../../contrib/altq -D_KERNEL
> -DHAVE_KERNEL_OPTION_HEADERS -include opt_global.h -fno-common
> -finline-limit=8000 --param inline-unit-growth=100 --param
> large-function-growth=1000 -mno-align-long-strings
> -mpreferred-stack-boundary=2 -mno-mmx -mno-3dnow -mno-sse -mno-sse2
> -mno-sse3 -ffreestanding -Werror ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1148: warning: redundant redeclaration of
> 'devfs_ops_f'
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:70: warning: previous declaration of
> 'devfs_ops_f' was here
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1159: warning: redundant redeclaration of
> 'devfs_vnodeops'
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:68: warning: previous declaration of
> 'devfs_vnodeops' was here
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1181: warning: redundant redeclaration of
> 'devfs_specops'
> ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:69: warning: previous declaration of
> 'devfs_specops' was here
> *** Error code 1
>  Annotate shows that both entries are as of commit 1.122. What am I missing?

As discussed many times on the mailing lists, you forgot to buildworld
before you tried to build your kernel.

kris


pgp1O9tBKIu0F.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: Epson Stylus C65

[Alejandro Pulver]

On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 22:14:59 -0400
Mike Jeays <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I had a good bit of trouble with the very similar C86.  Google for the
> DeviceModel parameter values if these don't work with a C65. You need
> to install ijsgimpprint, of course. At present, my etc/printcap file
> says:
> 
> lp|C86:\
>   :lp=/dev/unlpt0:\
>   :lf=/var/log/lpd-errs:\
>   :if=/home/mike/bin/C86-filter:\
>   :sd=/var/spool/lpd:\
>   :mx#0\
>   :sh:
> 
> and my home-grown filter contains:
> #!/bin/sh
> 
> TMP=/tmp/C86.tmp
> PS=/tmp/C86.ps
> 
> cat >$TMP
> ch1=`head -1 $TMP | cut -c 1`
> if [ "$ch1" = '%' ]
> then
>  # echo "Postscript"
>  cat $TMP >$PS
> else
>   # echo "Text"  
>   /usr/local/bin/enscript -B -q -p - $TMP >$PS
> fi
> 
> # InkType=CMYK, RGB are valid
> cat $PS | /usr/local/bin/gs -sDEVICE=ijs \
>-sIjsServer=/usr/local/bin/ijsgimpprint \
>-sDeviceManufacturer=EPSON  \
>-sDeviceModel=escp2-c84 \
>-sIjsParams=Quality=720x360sw,InkType=CMYK,MediaType=Plain \
>-dIjsUseOutputFD \
>-q \
>-dNOPAUSE \
>-dBATCH \
>-sOutputFile=- -
> 
> # MUST delete them, or subsequent jobs may have trouble
> rm -f $TMP,$PS
> 
> 
> This is not what you would call polished software - the minute I got
> it to work, I stopped fiddling with it.  It does at least do the job.
> 

Hello,

Thank you for your reply.

I tried your filter (most times by doing it manually), but I can't get
it working. I tried "ijs" and "stp" (Gimp-print), and many Cxx printer
versions.

BTW the script you are using is very similar (if not equal) to the
command "apsfilter" calls (that is "gs") at the end.

I only get some "

Re: bzegrep behaviour not consistent with egrep?

[Parv]

in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
wrote Jung-uk Kim thusly...
>
> On Thursday 20 October 2005 04:57 pm, Parv wrote:
> > in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> > wrote James Long thusly...
...
> > > $ bzegrep "38436|41640" /var/log/maillog.0.bz2 | wc -l
> > >0
> > > $ bzcat /var/log/maillog.0.bz2 | egrep "38436|41640" | wc -l
> > >  121
...
> > And more fun, try also "egrep -J| wc", which is similar to the
> > 2d case above.
> 
> Can you elaborate the fun, please?

In short: will you take "bad choice of words" as an explanation?

In somewhat long form: i had read once, twice, or more times in past
(most likely in comp.unix.*) that "egrep" was exactly not same as
"grep -E", and/or "fgrep" not exactly as "grep -F".  The OP's
finding reminded me of that even if behaviour difference that was
due to an actual bug.


  - Parv

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Re: xeon or Opteron

[Sean]

Miguel wrote:
Hi, im my office we'll replace several DL380 Xeons at the end of the 
year, i have been playing with serveral desktop using gentoo on amd 64, 
great performance, several time faster than the pentiums, although we 
prefer to use freebsd for the servers.  i was wondering what is the 
current state of the opterons on freebsd, should i wait a little more or 
is stable enough to run it  now?

May be i should stay on i386?
thanks

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I have a dual opteron here which I was originally running with amd64. 
However I have since moved over to i386 on this system.

Actually I just purchased another disk and installed the i386 version.
This way I can easily play with the amd64 version whenever I wish.

My main reason I moved was a few applications I use are not yet 
available on amd64, in particular openoffice.


I was having a few other minor annoyances I was unable to cure that have 
also vanished so moving over to i386. I run current on both versions.


Sean
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Re: removable usb media don't present devices to mount

[Ryan Zeigler]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 04:29 pm, you wrote:
> Ryan Zeigler wrote:
> >I'm using FreeBSD 6.0-rc1, and I'm having trouble with removable usb
> > memory drives.  I plug the device in, and get this from dmesg:
> >
> >umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2
> >
> >There is no mention at all of /dev/da0, which is, as I understand it, the
> >device that is traditionally presented to mount.  usbdevs sees the device,
> >and gives this output.
> >
> >port 8 addr 2: high speed, power 70 mA, config 1, JUMPDRIVE2(0xa300),
> > LEXAR MEDIA(0x05dc), rev 1.25
> >
> >This occurs both with GENERIC kernels, and a custom kernel that I
> > configured. The custom configuration is listed here:
> >http://www.dickinson.edu/~zeiglerr/STRMKERNEL
> >
> >Other things of interest.  At random intervals, unplugging the device and
> >replugging it gives me this out of dmesg:
> >
> >umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2
> >da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
> >da0:  Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device
> >da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
> >da0: 250MB (512000 512 byte sectors: 64H 32S/T 250C)
> >(da0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): Synchronize cache failed, status == 0x10, scsi
> > status == 0x0
> >
> >However, the mount command hangs in this case (I left it, and came back an
> >hour later and it hadn't mounted).
> >
> >The USB drive works, as it is autodetected and mounted by Mac's and
> > various other USB memory drives are not properly recognized either.
> >
> >On a whim, I booted into a FreeSBIE live CD that I have, and it was
> >automounted and functioned correctly.
> >
> >One last little bit of interest, booting hangs immediately before
> > attempting to mount / if I boot with the device plugged in.  Booting
> > continues normally when I unplug the device.  I am not sure if this is
> > significant.
> >
> >I would appreciate any help that could be offered.  Thanks.
>
> How are you mounting the drive?  Here is what works for me:
> mount_msdosfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt
>
> Rem

Same type error.  I do not have /dev/da0s1 either.  Also, on a whim, I tried 
mknod /dev/da0.  That didn't work.
-- 
Ryan Zeigler
Dickinson '08
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compile error

[vijay singh]

Hello, I see the following error on a (kernel) make, after a recent cvsup.
 11# make
cc -c -O2 -pipe -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wredundant-decls
-Wnested-externs -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith
-Winline -Wcast-qual -fformat-extensions -std=c99 -nostdinc -I- -I.
-I../../.. -I../../../contrib/dev/acpica -I../../../contrib/altq -D_KERNEL
-DHAVE_KERNEL_OPTION_HEADERS -include opt_global.h -fno-common
-finline-limit=8000 --param inline-unit-growth=100 --param
large-function-growth=1000 -mno-align-long-strings
-mpreferred-stack-boundary=2 -mno-mmx -mno-3dnow -mno-sse -mno-sse2
-mno-sse3 -ffreestanding -Werror ../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1148: warning: redundant redeclaration of
'devfs_ops_f'
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:70: warning: previous declaration of
'devfs_ops_f' was here
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1159: warning: redundant redeclaration of
'devfs_vnodeops'
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:68: warning: previous declaration of
'devfs_vnodeops' was here
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:1181: warning: redundant redeclaration of
'devfs_specops'
../../../fs/devfs/devfs_vnops.c:69: warning: previous declaration of
'devfs_specops' was here
*** Error code 1
 Annotate shows that both entries are as of commit 1.122. What am I missing?
br
vijay
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Java + Linux

[Charles Smyth]

Hi there,

When I have downloaded the patches and parts from sun.com into the distfiles
directory and run ‘make  install’ in /usr/ports/java/jdk14 for FreeBSD 5.4/6.0
all goes okay apart from a prompt about also running make install again, with
the Linux parts. Not doing this seems to work okay, as far as I can see. Do
I need the Linux parts at all, since doing as the prompt asks, doesn’t seem
to make any difference to what Java is doing.

I used to run the Linux compatibility with FreeBSD 5.2.x without any hassle
and the Acrobat Reader would work fine, for example. In 5.4 and 6.0 this doesn
t work any more. Is there some reason for this.? Anything to do with 64 bit
and 32 bit issues?

sincerely

Charles Smyth
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xeon or Opteron

[Miguel]

Hi, im my office we'll replace several DL380 Xeons at the end of the 
year, i have been playing with serveral desktop using gentoo on amd 64, 
great performance, several time faster than the pentiums, although we 
prefer to use freebsd for the servers.  i was wondering what is the 
current state of the opterons on freebsd, should i wait a little more or 
is stable enough to run it  now?

May be i should stay on i386?
thanks

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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[Andrew P.]

On 10/21/05, Gayn Winters <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > -Original Message-
> > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Andrew P.
> > Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 12:35 PM
> > To: user
> > Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> > Subject: Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...
>
> > Imagine that each data block is marked with labels
> > on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there
> > are, there will be only one data block saved.
>
> In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around for a precise
> definition of snapshot.
> Man mksnap_ffs
> wasn't too helpful, and googling for "snapshot" etc. wasn't fruitful.
> I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user at dhp.com)
> may also need such a definition.  Can someone provide a pointer to a
> specification or at least an RFC-like paper?
>
> Thanks,
>
> -gayn
>
>
>

Here ya go: http://www.mckusick.com/softdep/
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Re: Printing quota ?

[Erik Norgaard]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Frank Bonnet wrote:

LPRng calls the script with user information as command line options and 
the document on STDIN. The script determines the user from the command line 
option and counts pages in postscript documents by parsing STDIN.


If the document doesn't look enough like postscript it is discarded. 
Windows users have a hard time getting it right.


well ... we use PostScript and PCL so it is not suitable to discard
non postscript jobs
anyway thanks for your answer


IIRC There is very little difference between PS and PCL, some 
codes at the beginning, and not enough that my script discarded 
it. PDF was the big problem.


Cheers, Erik
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RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... - resolved, but two more Qs

[Gayn Winters]

> -Original Message-
> From: user [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 1:51 PM
> To: Gayn Winters
> Cc: 'Andrew P.'; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> Subject: RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... - resolved, 
> but two more Qs
> 
> 
> 
> Folks,
> 
> On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Gayn Winters wrote:
> 
> > > Imagine that each data block is marked with labels
> > > on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there
> > > are, there will be only one data block saved.
> > 
> > In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around 
> for a precise
> > definition of snapshot.
> > Man mksnap_ffs
> > wasn't too helpful, and googling for "snapshot" etc. wasn't 
> fruitful.
> > I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user 
> at dhp.com)
> > may also need such a definition.  Can someone provide a pointer to a
> > specification or at least an RFC-like paper?
> 
> 
> I found one:
> 
> http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/ufs/ffs/README.s
> napshot?rev=1.4
> 
> and further, I did some tests and discovered that what I was 
> being told
> (by you folks) was indeed correct.
> 
> No matter how many snapshots you have, the changes in blocks since the
> tiem before the first snapshot is only recorded in one of 
> them.  That is
> to say, if I do the following:
> 
> - create 4 1gig /dev/zero filled files
> - create a snapshot
> - overwrite one of those 1gig files with /dev/random
> 
> My free space will have decreased by 1gig.  So far so good.
> 
> If I then:
> 
> - create a second snapshot
> - overwrite a different 1gig file with /dev/random
> 
> My free space merely decreases by another 1gig.  It makes 
> sense to me now
> because it has occurred to me that since the second file had 
> not changed
> between the creation of the first and second snapshot, there 
> is no reason
> for _both_ snapshots to _both_ say "this 1gig random file used to be
> filled with zeros" - it would be redundant.
> 
> So that's great ... but I am curious, how do they know ?  I think my
> previous assumption (that the first _and_ the second snapshot 
> file would
> _both_ have to record the change of file #2 from zero to 
> random) was based
> on the notion that these snapshot files were totally autonomous and
> independent, and had no general organization behind them.  If 
> that was the
> case, then I am still fairly certain both snapshots would 
> need to record
> the change of the second file.
> 
> So what is the behind the scenes organization that makes it 
> possible for
> the snapshot files to not duplicate data like that ?
> 
> ALSO,
> 
> I have noticed that if you:
> 
> - dd 1gig /dev/zero file
> - create snapshot
> - overwrite that 1gig file with /dev/random
> 
> (free space decreases by 1gig, as expected)
> 
> - rewrite that 1gig file with /dev/zero again
> 
> You _don't_ get that 1gig of free space back ... which 
> surprises me, since
> it was all zeros before, and its all zeros now ... how does 
> the snapshot
> know those are "different zeros" ?  And what ramifications 
> does this have
> for restoring, etc., if identical files do not get counted as 
> identical in
> the snapshot ?
> 
> thanks.
> 

I just finished skimming an old paper by McKusick on Soft Updates:
http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/usenix99/full_pap
ers/mckusick/mckusick.pdf
This paper is dated 1999.  Does anyone know if it accurately reflects
how soft updates and snapshots in FreeBSD 5.4 are implemented?  If so,
it would answer the above questions.

-gayn


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Re: bzegrep behaviour not consistent with egrep?

[Jung-uk Kim]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 04:57 pm, Parv wrote:
> in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> wrote James Long thusly...
>
> > Should these two commands produce identical output?
> >
> > $ bzegrep "38436|41640" /var/log/maillog.0.bz2 | wc -l
> >0
> > $ bzcat /var/log/maillog.0.bz2 | egrep "38436|41640" | wc -l
> >  121

Can you try the patch for src/gnu/usr.bin/grep/grep.c?

> And more fun, try also "egrep -J| wc", which is similar to the 2d
> case above.

Can you elaborate the fun, please?

Thanks,

JK

> Seems like the first "e" in "bzegrep" is erroneous.
>   - Parv
Index: grep.c
===
RCS file: /home/ncvs/src/gnu/usr.bin/grep/grep.c,v
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -r1.31 grep.c
--- grep.c	14 May 2005 05:35:04 -	1.31
+++ grep.c	20 Oct 2005 20:55:05 -
@@ -1359,16 +1359,16 @@
   if (program_name && strrchr (program_name, '/'))
 program_name = strrchr (program_name, '/') + 1;
 
+  if (strlen (program_name) > 1 && program_name[0] == 'b' && program_name[1] == 'z') {
+BZflag = 1;
+program_name += 2;
+  }
 #if HAVE_LIBZ > 0
-  if (program_name[0] == 'z') {
+  else if (strlen (program_name) > 0 && program_name[0] == 'z') {
 Zflag = 1;
 ++program_name;
   }
 #endif
-  if (program_name[0] == 'b') {
-BZflag = 1;
-++program_name;
-  }
 
 #if defined(__MSDOS__) || defined(_WIN32)
   /* DOS and MS-Windows use backslashes as directory separators, and usually
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RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... - resolved, but two more Qs

[user]

Folks,

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Gayn Winters wrote:

> > Imagine that each data block is marked with labels
> > on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there
> > are, there will be only one data block saved.
> 
> In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around for a precise
> definition of snapshot.
> Man mksnap_ffs
> wasn't too helpful, and googling for "snapshot" etc. wasn't fruitful.
> I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user at dhp.com)
> may also need such a definition.  Can someone provide a pointer to a
> specification or at least an RFC-like paper?


I found one:

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/ufs/ffs/README.snapshot?rev=1.4

and further, I did some tests and discovered that what I was being told
(by you folks) was indeed correct.

No matter how many snapshots you have, the changes in blocks since the
tiem before the first snapshot is only recorded in one of them.  That is
to say, if I do the following:

- create 4 1gig /dev/zero filled files
- create a snapshot
- overwrite one of those 1gig files with /dev/random

My free space will have decreased by 1gig.  So far so good.

If I then:

- create a second snapshot
- overwrite a different 1gig file with /dev/random

My free space merely decreases by another 1gig.  It makes sense to me now
because it has occurred to me that since the second file had not changed
between the creation of the first and second snapshot, there is no reason
for _both_ snapshots to _both_ say "this 1gig random file used to be
filled with zeros" - it would be redundant.

So that's great ... but I am curious, how do they know ?  I think my
previous assumption (that the first _and_ the second snapshot file would
_both_ have to record the change of file #2 from zero to random) was based
on the notion that these snapshot files were totally autonomous and
independent, and had no general organization behind them.  If that was the
case, then I am still fairly certain both snapshots would need to record
the change of the second file.

So what is the behind the scenes organization that makes it possible for
the snapshot files to not duplicate data like that ?

ALSO,

I have noticed that if you:

- dd 1gig /dev/zero file
- create snapshot
- overwrite that 1gig file with /dev/random

(free space decreases by 1gig, as expected)

- rewrite that 1gig file with /dev/zero again

You _don't_ get that 1gig of free space back ... which surprises me, since
it was all zeros before, and its all zeros now ... how does the snapshot
know those are "different zeros" ?  And what ramifications does this have
for restoring, etc., if identical files do not get counted as identical in
the snapshot ?

thanks.

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Re: removable usb media don't present devices to mount

[Rem P Roberti]

Ryan Zeigler wrote:

I'm using FreeBSD 6.0-rc1, and I'm having trouble with removable usb memory 
drives.  I plug the device in, and get this from dmesg:


umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2

There is no mention at all of /dev/da0, which is, as I understand it, the 
device that is traditionally presented to mount.  usbdevs sees the device, 
and gives this output.


port 8 addr 2: high speed, power 70 mA, config 1, JUMPDRIVE2(0xa300), LEXAR 
MEDIA(0x05dc), rev 1.25


This occurs both with GENERIC kernels, and a custom kernel that I configured.  
The custom configuration is listed here:

http://www.dickinson.edu/~zeiglerr/STRMKERNEL

Other things of interest.  At random intervals, unplugging the device and 
replugging it gives me this out of dmesg:


umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2
da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
da0:  Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device
da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
da0: 250MB (512000 512 byte sectors: 64H 32S/T 250C)
(da0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): Synchronize cache failed, status == 0x10, scsi status 
== 0x0


However, the mount command hangs in this case (I left it, and came back an 
hour later and it hadn't mounted).


The USB drive works, as it is autodetected and mounted by Mac's and various 
other USB memory drives are not properly recognized either.


On a whim, I booted into a FreeSBIE live CD that I have, and it was 
automounted and functioned correctly.


One last little bit of interest, booting hangs immediately before attempting 
to mount / if I boot with the device plugged in.  Booting continues normally 
when I unplug the device.  I am not sure if this is significant.


I would appreciate any help that could be offered.  Thanks.

 

How are you mounting the drive?  Here is what works for me: 
mount_msdosfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt


Rem
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RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[Gayn Winters]

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Andrew P.
> Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 12:35 PM
> To: user
> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> Subject: Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

> Imagine that each data block is marked with labels
> on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there
> are, there will be only one data block saved.

In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around for a precise
definition of snapshot.
Man mksnap_ffs
wasn't too helpful, and googling for "snapshot" etc. wasn't fruitful.
I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user at dhp.com)
may also need such a definition.  Can someone provide a pointer to a
specification or at least an RFC-like paper?

Thanks,

-gayn


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Having Some Trouble with Java on FreeBSD

[Franklin E. Powers, Jr.]

I've been having a small amount of trouble with running Java on 
FreeBSD (version 5.4 for amd64) and I was hoping that someone would 
be kind enough to help me out.


I manually installed the linux version of Java.  Which seemed to work 
alright and then I was trying to build the native version using Sun's 
sources and the patch.  And that seemed to go well, except for one 
small problem, which was that the hotspot compiler seemed to have 
trouble finding its stack frame and it outputted a warning to 
standard output, which ended up in some of the files that were 
produced during the build process.  Anyway...  I took care of that, 
but then it appears that near the end of the build process, Java 
suffered an internal error of some kind.


So I tinkered with that a bit and I discovered that the almost 
complete native build for FreeBSD could run.  So I decided to try to 
finish the build process, by getting it to build itself.  But it 
suffered a slightly different error.


So...  Then I went through the documentation for FreeBSD some more 
and decided to start over by reinstalling the Linux Java using:

cd /usr/ports/java/linux-sun-jdk15
make install clean

But now I get the following error: linux-sun-jdk-1.5.0.01,2 does not 
run (core dumps: Bad System Call).  Note that previously I manually 
installed it by simply downloading the Linux version on another 
computer, transfering it over to the computer, and executing the file.


BTW...  The computer is not connected to the internet.  And in case 
it makes any difference, its a 64-bit dual processor Xeon.


The problem should probably be obvious to me.  But its not and as a 
result, I would be grateful for assistance.




Thanks in advance,
Franklin E. Powers, Jr.


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removable usb media don't present devices to mount

[Ryan Zeigler]

I'm using FreeBSD 6.0-rc1, and I'm having trouble with removable usb memory 
drives.  I plug the device in, and get this from dmesg:

umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2

There is no mention at all of /dev/da0, which is, as I understand it, the 
device that is traditionally presented to mount.  usbdevs sees the device, 
and gives this output.

port 8 addr 2: high speed, power 70 mA, config 1, JUMPDRIVE2(0xa300), LEXAR 
MEDIA(0x05dc), rev 1.25

This occurs both with GENERIC kernels, and a custom kernel that I configured.  
The custom configuration is listed here:
http://www.dickinson.edu/~zeiglerr/STRMKERNEL

Other things of interest.  At random intervals, unplugging the device and 
replugging it gives me this out of dmesg:

umass0: LEXAR MEDIA JUMPDRIVE2, rev 2.00/1.25, addr 2
da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
da0:  Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device
da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
da0: 250MB (512000 512 byte sectors: 64H 32S/T 250C)
(da0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): Synchronize cache failed, status == 0x10, scsi status 
== 0x0

However, the mount command hangs in this case (I left it, and came back an 
hour later and it hadn't mounted).

The USB drive works, as it is autodetected and mounted by Mac's and various 
other USB memory drives are not properly recognized either.

On a whim, I booted into a FreeSBIE live CD that I have, and it was 
automounted and functioned correctly.

One last little bit of interest, booting hangs immediately before attempting 
to mount / if I boot with the device plugged in.  Booting continues normally 
when I unplug the device.  I am not sure if this is significant.

I would appreciate any help that could be offered.  Thanks.

-- 
Ryan Zeigler
Dickinson '08
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Re: panicking newbie with dj-plans

[albi]

albi wrote:

> http://www.freshports.org/audio/mixxx/ says that the port for mixxx is
> temp. not usable

ouch, excuse my ignorance.. the freshports.org info is perhaps outdated ?

/usr/ports/audio/mixxx ] # make install
=> mixxx-1.4.2.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/.
=> Attempting to fetch from
http://heanet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mixxx/.
mixxx-1.4.2.tar.gz  1% of 3749 kB   51 kBps

by the way, here are some freebsd newbie-urls :
http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html
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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[Andrew P.]

On 10/20/05, user <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hello,
>
> On 20 Oct 2005, Lowell Gilbert wrote:
>
> > user <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >
> > > Let's say I have a filesystem, and on that filesystem I create a snapshot
> > > every single night, and every night I delete the snapshot from 5 nights
> > > ago.  This means that at all times, I have four snapshots running on that
> > > filesystem, one from 1 day ago, one from 2 days ago, one from 3 days ago,
> > > and one from 4 days ago.
> > >
> > > Let's also assume that the percent change of the filesystem is 5% (every
> > > day 5% of the blocks in the filesystem are either changed or deleted).
> > >
> > > 
> > >
> > > Does this mean that if that 5% change is a different 5% every day, that
> > > the one day ago snapshot will be size 5%_of_filesystem, and that the 2 day
> > > ago snapshot will be size 10%_of_filesystem, day 3 15% and day 4 20%, for
> > > a total of 50% of the total filesystem taken up with snapshot data ?
> >
> > No.  One copy of each version of the file that exists in any
> > snapshot.  Regardless of how many snapshots it's in.
>
>
> That doesn't make much sense to me ... if the snapshot keeps track of
> changed_data_since_snapshot_was_taken, then ...
>
> Well, think of it this way - let's say I have a 1G filesystem, which is
> filled with a single 500M text file.  Now let's say I snapshot that FS.
> At this point, the snapshot takes up 0 bytes.  Now let's say the next day
> I alter 10% (50M) of that single 500M file - now the snapshot takes up
> that exact same amount of space, namely, 50M.
>
> Now I create a second snapshot, which immediately yakes up 0 bytes.  The
> next day, I change a totally different 50M of my text file ... so now, the
> first snapshot needs to keep track of yesterdays 50M of changes/deletions
> as well as todays, because todays operates on totally different disk
> blocks.  So now 2-day-ago snapshot is size 100M, and the snapshot from one
> day ago is now 50M.
>
> I think my interpretation is correct ... can you look over my and your
> conclusions again ?
>
>
> > > The second question is this:
> > >
> > > If the 5% data changed per day is the _same_ 5% every day (perhaps
> > > changing the same table in a DB every day, or perhaps changing the same
> > > block of lines in a text file every day) does that mean that every day
> > > simply represents 5%_of_filesystem, for a total of 20% of the total
> > > filesystem in use at all times for snapshot data ?
> >
> > Whether it's the same data or not doesn't affect how much space you use.
>
>
> Yeah ... see, I think it does matter, for the reasons above ... if, as in
> this second example, I am changing the same blocks on disk every day, the
> snapshot just needs to keep track of them once, namely "this is what they
> were during the snapshot, and you can change those same blocks all you
> want, I just need to keep track of what they were when you took the
> snapshot.."
>
> comments ?
>
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>

What makes you so reassured, I wonder.

Imagine that each data block is marked with labels
on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there
are, there will be only one data block saved.
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Re: panicking newbie with dj-plans

[albi]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005 21:00:21 +0200
Linnea Forslund <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> And now I need to use it for amateur dj-ing on thursday. Panic! I dont
> even know how to move files really and wouldn't know how to work with
> an external harddrive with other people's music files on. And most
> definitely I don't know if I can use http://mixxx.sourceforge.net/ and
> how then to install it.

http://www.freshports.org/audio/mixxx/ says that the port for mixxx is
temp. not usable

so..
looks like trying to use the linux-emulation with the
mixxx-linux-binary might be worth giving a try, see here :
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/linuxemu-lbc-install.html

it comes down to :
- become "root"
- putting the line linux_enable="YES" in your /etc/rc.conf
- install the linux_base port
- try the software (download, untar with : tar xzvf
  mixxx-1.4.2-i586.tar.gz, cd into the mixxx-1.4.2 directory,
  type : ./install.pl, run mixxx as normal user)

GL!

-- 
grtjs, albi
gpg-key: lynx -dump http://scii.nl/~albi/gpg.asc | gpg --import
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Re: panicking newbie with dj-plans

[Michael C. Shultz]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 12:00, Linnea Forslund wrote:
> Hello boys and girls!
>
> I was introduced to freeBSD some time ago by a friend who then became
> less of a friend since an argument we had shortly after he installed
> the os on my computer and got me started with it. Since then I've only
> used the computer for basic things like downloading music, downloading
> more music, listening to music, drawing a bit and internetting.

Now you have a good excuse to go kiss and make up.  If your friend
is willing to help with your computer again do less arguing and more 
listening :)
>
> And now I need to use it for amateur dj-ing on thursday. Panic! I dont
> even know how to move files really and wouldn't know how to work with
> an external harddrive with other people's music files on. And most
> definitely I don't know if I can use http://mixxx.sourceforge.net/ and
> how then to install it.

install steps:

cd /usr/ports/audio/mixxx
make install clean

-Mike


>
> I'm starting to read all these newbie guides and I'm thinking of
> getting a hold on some books, but I need some emergency help just for
> now. Will someone help this confused and panicking youngster new to
> unix as well as BSD? Pleeease.. ^^ (I hope this list is an ok place to
> ask for help like this)
>
> /Linnea
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ports/audio/mixxx
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panicking newbie with dj-plans

[Linnea Forslund]

Hello boys and girls!

I was introduced to freeBSD some time ago by a friend who then became
less of a friend since an argument we had shortly after he installed
the os on my computer and got me started with it. Since then I've only
used the computer for basic things like downloading music, downloading
more music, listening to music, drawing a bit and internetting.

And now I need to use it for amateur dj-ing on thursday. Panic! I dont
even know how to move files really and wouldn't know how to work with
an external harddrive with other people's music files on. And most
definitely I don't know if I can use http://mixxx.sourceforge.net/ and
how then to install it.

I'm starting to read all these newbie guides and I'm thinking of
getting a hold on some books, but I need some emergency help just for
now. Will someone help this confused and panicking youngster new to
unix as well as BSD? Pleeease.. ^^ (I hope this list is an ok place to
ask for help like this)

/Linnea
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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[user]

Hello,

On 20 Oct 2005, Lowell Gilbert wrote:

> user <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> 
> > Let's say I have a filesystem, and on that filesystem I create a snapshot
> > every single night, and every night I delete the snapshot from 5 nights
> > ago.  This means that at all times, I have four snapshots running on that
> > filesystem, one from 1 day ago, one from 2 days ago, one from 3 days ago,
> > and one from 4 days ago.
> > 
> > Let's also assume that the percent change of the filesystem is 5% (every
> > day 5% of the blocks in the filesystem are either changed or deleted).
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Does this mean that if that 5% change is a different 5% every day, that
> > the one day ago snapshot will be size 5%_of_filesystem, and that the 2 day
> > ago snapshot will be size 10%_of_filesystem, day 3 15% and day 4 20%, for
> > a total of 50% of the total filesystem taken up with snapshot data ?
> 
> No.  One copy of each version of the file that exists in any
> snapshot.  Regardless of how many snapshots it's in.


That doesn't make much sense to me ... if the snapshot keeps track of
changed_data_since_snapshot_was_taken, then ...

Well, think of it this way - let's say I have a 1G filesystem, which is
filled with a single 500M text file.  Now let's say I snapshot that FS.  
At this point, the snapshot takes up 0 bytes.  Now let's say the next day
I alter 10% (50M) of that single 500M file - now the snapshot takes up
that exact same amount of space, namely, 50M.

Now I create a second snapshot, which immediately yakes up 0 bytes.  The
next day, I change a totally different 50M of my text file ... so now, the
first snapshot needs to keep track of yesterdays 50M of changes/deletions
as well as todays, because todays operates on totally different disk
blocks.  So now 2-day-ago snapshot is size 100M, and the snapshot from one
day ago is now 50M.

I think my interpretation is correct ... can you look over my and your
conclusions again ?


> > The second question is this:
> > 
> > If the 5% data changed per day is the _same_ 5% every day (perhaps
> > changing the same table in a DB every day, or perhaps changing the same
> > block of lines in a text file every day) does that mean that every day
> > simply represents 5%_of_filesystem, for a total of 20% of the total
> > filesystem in use at all times for snapshot data ?
> 
> Whether it's the same data or not doesn't affect how much space you use.


Yeah ... see, I think it does matter, for the reasons above ... if, as in
this second example, I am changing the same blocks on disk every day, the
snapshot just needs to keep track of them once, namely "this is what they
were during the snapshot, and you can change those same blocks all you
want, I just need to keep track of what they were when you took the
snapshot.."

comments ?

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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[Lowell Gilbert]

user <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> I am trying to budget some disk space for filesystems with snapshots
> enabled on them.
> 
> The following is simplified - I am just trying to get my concepts in
> order:
> 
> Let's say I have a filesystem, and on that filesystem I create a snapshot
> every single night, and every night I delete the snapshot from 5 nights
> ago.  This means that at all times, I have four snapshots running on that
> filesystem, one from 1 day ago, one from 2 days ago, one from 3 days ago,
> and one from 4 days ago.
> 
> Let's also assume that the percent change of the filesystem is 5% (every
> day 5% of the blocks in the filesystem are either changed or deleted).
> 
> 
> 
> Does this mean that if that 5% change is a different 5% every day, that
> the one day ago snapshot will be size 5%_of_filesystem, and that the 2 day
> ago snapshot will be size 10%_of_filesystem, day 3 15% and day 4 20%, for
> a total of 50% of the total filesystem taken up with snapshot data ?

No.  One copy of each version of the file that exists in any
snapshot.  Regardless of how many snapshots it's in.

> Does that sound correct ?  When I say that the 5% change is a different 5%
> every day, what I mean is that it is not the same files/data being altered
> every day, but rather there is 5% of new data changed every day, relative
> to the previous nights snapshot.
> 
> The second question is this:
> 
> If the 5% data changed per day is the _same_ 5% every day (perhaps
> changing the same table in a DB every day, or perhaps changing the same
> block of lines in a text file every day) does that mean that every day
> simply represents 5%_of_filesystem, for a total of 20% of the total
> filesystem in use at all times for snapshot data ?

Whether it's the same data or not doesn't affect how much space you use.
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Re: freeBSD 6 server motherboard recommendation ??

[Andrew P.]

On 10/20/05, ke.han <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Dear List,
> Yes I know this is an often asked question and there is lots of info on
> the web.  But I have been reading for 6 hours and my head is swimming
> and I'm still am not closer to an answer.  I need to get a freeBSD 6
> server in production in less than a week and don't have the skills to
> tweak and ensure the hardware is running optimally. So I need
> recommendations for a server motherboard that works well out of the box.
>
> In summary:
> I need a rock solid server motherboard for freeBSD 6 with the following
> characteristics:
> 1 - 2 x CPU (Pentium or Opteron is ok with me)
> 2 - SATA (2 ports supporting RAID 1).  If this is not possible, please
> recommend an add-on card that will do the job.
> 3 - 2 x Gig Ethernet ports (I have read many things about some Ethernet
> controller/drivers working better than others.  I need great throughput
> without tweaking the freeBSD install)
> 4 - RAM (As long as the mobo is modern, the RAM choices should be fast
> enough)
>
> thanks, ke han
>
>
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Tyan is a wonderful choice.

Still, you should consider buying a pre-built server.

I'll also say against a software controller raid solution.
If you really need 2 SATA in RAID 1, look into gvinum.
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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[user]

Doug,

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Doug Poland wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 11:01:42AM -0400, user wrote:
> > 
> > Finally, are there any snapshot diag tools at all ?  Like, something that
> > reports snapshot sizes, percent of disk used for snapshots, and maybe even
> > a way for me to actually calculate what the percent change for time period
> > X is for a particular filsystem >?
> > 
> I find sysutils/freebsd-snapshot quite useful, although it doesn't do
> everything you're asking for.


Thanks - I will check that out.

Any comments on my math ?  (changing the same 5% of the FS all the time
vs. changing different 5%'s, and what that means for successive
snapshots) ?

thanks.

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natd redirect help

[Efren Bravo]

Hi,

I've a freebsd5.4 with ipfw and natd. I need that external users can enter
to my internal network services (http, ftp, etc). 

freebsd box:
out interface: 200.x.x.x
in interface: 10.x.x.x

/etc/rc.conf file:
--
gateway_enable="YES"

firewall_enable="YES"
firewall_script="/etc/ipfw.rules"
firewall_logging="YES"

natd_enable="YES"
natd_interface="vr0"
natd_flags="-f /etc/natd.conf"

/etc/natd.conf file:

redirect_port tcp 10.x.x.x:8080 80 #redirec to internal web server


The question is if I've to open the port 80 on freeBSD's vr0 because I not
able to enter to those services.

Thanks...



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Re: freeBSD 6 server motherboard recommendation ??

[Peter A. Giessel]

On 10/20/2005 09:29, ke.han seems to have typed:
> 1 - 2 x CPU (Pentium or Opteron is ok with me)

If you are going to use AMD64, try here:
http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/amd64/motherboards.html

otherwise try here:
http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-i386.html

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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Mike Woods]

pete wright wrote:


 You can also monitor disk load and activity via net-snmp. I use
 net-snmp to monitor large networks of heterogenous hardware and OS's
 (*BSD/Linux/IRIX/Solaris/etc..) along side nagios. Granted SNMP may
 not be a viable protocol to use on the public internet...


Indeed, with all the security flaws found in snmp it makes it fine in a 
controlled local network but for the internet it's almost asking for 
trouble, I actualy use snmp to monitor a our PIX's, tis a shame the pix 
gives out so little trafic information else id find far more use for it 
in our nagios setup.


---
Mike Woods
Systems Administrator

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freeBSD 6 server motherboard recommendation ??

[ke.han]

Dear List,
Yes I know this is an often asked question and there is lots of info on 
the web.  But I have been reading for 6 hours and my head is swimming 
and I'm still am not closer to an answer.  I need to get a freeBSD 6 
server in production in less than a week and don't have the skills to 
tweak and ensure the hardware is running optimally. So I need 
recommendations for a server motherboard that works well out of the box.


In summary:
I need a rock solid server motherboard for freeBSD 6 with the following 
characteristics:

1 - 2 x CPU (Pentium or Opteron is ok with me)
2 - SATA (2 ports supporting RAID 1).  If this is not possible, please 
recommend an add-on card that will do the job.
3 - 2 x Gig Ethernet ports (I have read many things about some Ethernet 
controller/drivers working better than others.  I need great throughput 
without tweaking the freeBSD install)
4 - RAM (As long as the mobo is modern, the RAM choices should be fast 
enough)


thanks, ke han


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Re: sftp and escape characters

[Will Maier]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 10:01:45AM -0700, ross wrote:
> my prompt copy and pasted.

> sftp> put "/mnt/pammy/music/Nadasurf-\ Popular.mp3" /files/upload
> Bad escaped character ' '
> sftp> put '/mnt/pammy/music/Nadasurf-\ Popular.mp3' /files/upload
> Bad escaped character ' '

If you're putting the filename in quotes, you don't need to escape
the space (hence the 'Bad escape' error).

~ % touch "this is a test"
~ % sftp $SERVER
Connecting to merk...
sftp> put this\ is\ a\ test
File "this\\" not found.
sftp> put "this is a test"
Uploading this is a test to /home/$USER/this is a test
this is a test 100%0 0.0KB/s   00:00
sftp>

-- 

o--{ Will Maier }--o
| jabber:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] |
| [EMAIL PROTECTED] | [EMAIL PROTECTED] |
*--[ BSD Unix: Live Free or Die ]--*

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Re: sftp and escape characters

[ross]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005 05:22:14 -0700, Daniel <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On 10/20/05, ross <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


I tried that already and got the error

Bad escaped character ' '


   Can you past everything you entered, exactly as it appears?


my prompt copy and pasted.

sftp> put "/mnt/pammy/music/Nadasurf-\ Popular.mp3" /files/upload
Bad escaped character ' '
sftp> put '/mnt/pammy/music/Nadasurf-\ Popular.mp3' /files/upload
Bad escaped character ' '


--
Using Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/mail/
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Installing PHP5 in parallel with PHP4

[Toomas Aas]

Hello!

We have a webserver where www/php4-cgi port is currently installed. Now 
we want to add PHP5, but we have some web applications which are not 
compatible with PHP5, so initially we want to have a server with both 
PHP4 and PHP5 installed.


So far I did the following:

mkdir /usr/local/php5
setenv PREFIX /usr/local/php5
cd /usr/ports/www/php5-cgi
make install

That seemed to work OK.

Then I proceeded to build the necessary extension ports. Initially a lot 
of them failed to build with various syntax errors. I figured that this 
was because the build process was trying to use PHP4 header files from 
/usr/local/include/php, not the PHP5 header files from 
/usr/local/php5/include/php. So I did the following


cd /usr/local/include
mv php php4
ln -s /usr/local/php5/include/php .

After that I could build most of the extensions I need. But two 
extensions - php5-wddx and php5-xml - are still failing. Both failures 
look the same:


# make install
===>  Vulnerability check disabled, database not found
===>  Extracting for php5-wddx-5.0.5_1
=> Checksum OK for php-5.0.5.tar.bz2.
===>  Patching for php5-wddx-5.0.5_1
===>  Applying FreeBSD patches for php5-wddx-5.0.5_1
===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on file: 
/usr/local/include/php/main/php.h - found

===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on executable: phpize - found
===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on file: 
/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/xml.so - found
===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on file: 
/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/session.so - found

===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on file: /usr/local/bin/autoconf259 - found
===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on executable: pkg-config - found
===>   php5-wddx-5.0.5_1 depends on shared library: xml2.5 - found
===>  PHPizing for php5-wddx-5.0.5_1
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20031224
Zend Module Api No:  20041030
Zend Extension Api No:   220040412
configure.in:20: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_MSG_ERROR
  If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow.
  See the Autoconf documentation.
*** Error code 1

Stop in /usr/ports/textproc/php5-wddx.

What should I do to fix this? Or maybe I'm going entirely wrong about 
how to install PHP4 and PHP5 on the same server?


---
... P.S. The secret of the universe is @*^^^&# NO CARRIER
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Re: creating snapshot capable ufs2 filesystems _after the fact_

[Dan Nelson]

In the last episode (Oct 20), user said:
> I was just looking at the man page for newfs, and the new "-n" option
> ... basically if you newfs with -n, a .snap directory is not created 
> in the new filesystem, and thus that new filesystem will not support
> snapshots.
> 
> Does this mean that if I simply `mkdir .snap` in the root of a
> filesystem that suddenly it is snapshot capable ?  That is to say, is
> that .snap directory simply a plain old directory, and having a ufs2
> filesystem support or not support snapshots is only dependent on
> simply having that directory in place ?

Snapshots are always enabled, and can be placed anywhere.  .snap is
used by background fsck, and newfs creates that directory so that it's
guaranteed to exist when fsck needs it.  You can use create it manually
if you want, or create another directory to put your snapshots in.

-- 
Dan Nelson
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: A simple ports question...

[RW]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 16:35, makisupa wrote:
> Thanks for the reply...
>
> My ports tree is up to date -- i believe the "problem" (if you want to
> call it that) is that I installed gnome 2.12 from package at marcuscom
> (on a 6.0 RC1 system -- i needed 6.0 for some HW issues).  I therefore
> have newer versions of certain files than many of the ports in the
> current tree are expecting.  Does this sound like a reasonable
> explanation?

Not entirely. FreeBSD releases all share the same ports tree, and neither 
gnome 2.12 nor glib-2.8.3 are in it. It sounds like you picked up a 
work-in-progress, development version of Gnome rather than simply the current 
version built against a 6.0 based system

> Your answer is the one everyone has been telling me for the last week.
> And i truly appreciate the response.  I keep thinking i'm asking the
> question wrong :)  I would understand this answer if the dependencies i
> had were OLDER than what the port was looking for...but I have a NEWER
> version.  For example, while installing pan2 it needs glib-2.6.6.  I
> have glib-2.8.3.  How can i properly get this port installed?

It really depend why you got packages for 2.12 rather than the current ports 
version. If gnome 2.10.2. is broken on  6.0-RC1, then it's going to be 
tricky. The fact that make install in the pan2 directory causes  glib to 
build suggest that some port isn't compatible with glib-2.8.3. 

On the other hand if you simply got the 2.12 version because it was there, I 
would suggest removing it and installing  2.10.2 - presumably pointyhat has a 
compatible version. Alternately portmanager will probably be able to handle 
the reversion through the port system.

You also have the options of waiting for 2.12 to hit the ports tree, or doing 
without gnome.

Forcing the glib-2.6.6 registration will overwrite the glib-2.8.3 version 
which may break gnome.

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creating snapshot capable ufs2 filesystems _after the fact_

[user]

I was just looking at the man page for newfs, and the new "-n" option
... basically if you newfs with -n, a .snap directory is not created in
the new filesystem, and thus that new filesystem will not support
snapshots.

Does this mean that if I simply `mkdir .snap` in the root of a filesystem
that suddenly it is snapshot capable ?  That is to say, is that .snap
directory simply a plain old directory, and having a ufs2 filesystem
support or not support snapshots is only dependent on simply having that
directory in place ?

Or is there more to .snap and to the -n option ?

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RE: Portversion question

[Brian E. Conklin]

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Rem 
> P Roberti
> Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 9:12 AM
> To: FreeBSD
> Subject: Portversion question
> 
> 
> This continues to vex me.  Portversion is indicating as out 
> of date that 
> which is apparently not out of date.  For example, my current 
> tree (done 
> this morning) indicates that apsfilter 7.2.6 should be current.  
> Pkg_info indicates that version as installed.  Portversion 
> indicates out 
> of date.  What am I missing here?

>From the portupgrade man page you must:

To perform upgrades effectively and correctly, remember to run
pkgdb(1) with -F on occasions to fix dependency discrepancies, and
run portsdb(1) with -Uu every time you CVSup the ports tree to keep
your ports INDEX database up-to-date in sync with the tree.

Brian E. Conklin, MCP+I, MCSE
Director of Information Services
Mason General Hospital

> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Rem
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=
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to whom it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged,
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Re: Portversion question

[Andrew P.]

On 10/20/05, Rem P Roberti <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> This continues to vex me.  Portversion is indicating as out of date that
> which is apparently not out of date.  For example, my current tree (done
> this morning) indicates that apsfilter 7.2.6 should be current.
> Pkg_info indicates that version as installed.  Portversion indicates out
> of date.  What am I missing here?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Rem
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portversion checks versions of your installed
packages against INDEX database, not your
ports tree. If you're using non-official cvsup
server (or an official one, but not current), you
can get into a situation when your ports tree
lags behind your INDEX (usually updated with
something like portsdb -uUF, i.e. fetch from
a very current source) by weeks.

Consider using another cvsup server.
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Portversion question

[Rem P Roberti]

This continues to vex me.  Portversion is indicating as out of date that 
which is apparently not out of date.  For example, my current tree (done 
this morning) indicates that apsfilter 7.2.6 should be current.  
Pkg_info indicates that version as installed.  Portversion indicates out 
of date.  What am I missing here?


Thanks,

Rem
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Re: Imap-uw and openssl certificate

[Sean Murphy]

Dick Hoogendijk wrote:

On 19 Oct Frank Staals wrote:


Don't be so certain about that.  "fstaals.net" *is* a valid hostname,
and its IP-address can easily be found via DNS, and it can be
connected to.



The MX-configuration of my domain is pointing to fstaals.net , to add
an subdomain for my small mailserver seemed a bit exagerated, so that
isn't the problem. I can add a subdomain, but I don't see why that
should help since the certificate clearly says 'localhost'.



I ran this imap server for a short time but never had problems making
and using a ssl cert. My server's called nagual.st. Are you sure the
server indentifies as localhost even if contacted from the *outside* ?
It does of course when you contact it from the local nic.

As suggested using another imap server is also my idea.
I don't use dovecot, but the whole courier mail package.
It works like a charm. And is very fast. It does use maildirs though,
unlike imap-uw. 


I have a successful integration with imap-uw and openssl
uw is picky about the certificate use the following

mkdir /etc/ssl/certs

cd /etc/ssl/certs

openssl req -new -x509 -nodes \
-out imapd.pem -keyout imapd.pem -days 3650

vi /etc/inetd.conf

add the following line
imaps stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/libexec/imapd imapd

*note it cannot be imap it must be imaps

go to uw source directory

cd imapd-2004d
make bsf

cp imapd/imapd /usr/local/libexec/imapd

hope this helps

--
Sean Murphy
Senior Network Technician
California Institute of the Arts
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Re: MiniDV over firewire howto

[Mark Kane]

Igor Robul wrote:

Erik Norgaard wrote:


Hi,

I have just discovered that Canon MiniDV series have different names 
in US which may explain why I haven't got much response on my previous 
posts on this.


I want to buy a camcorder and like the specs of Canon MiniDV's, I 
failed when trying MVX200 which is equivalent to the Elura 60 (well 
Elura some number).


Some cameras have both DV in and out, the one I tried only had DV out 
- can this explain why communication failed?



I can't tell you about Canon camcoders, but I have Panasonic NV-GS25 and 
I can transfer video with fwcontrol


I'm not sure about the lower end Canon models, but I have the Canon GL-2 
and fwcontrol captures the video just great.


-Mark
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Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[Doug Poland]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 11:01:42AM -0400, user wrote:
> 
> Finally, are there any snapshot diag tools at all ?  Like, something that
> reports snapshot sizes, percent of disk used for snapshots, and maybe even
> a way for me to actually calculate what the percent change for time period
> X is for a particular filsystem >?
> 
I find sysutils/freebsd-snapshot quite useful, although it doesn't do
everything you're asking for.

Be advised there are issues with snapshots of large filesystems.
 
  
http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi?category=&severity=&priority=&class=&state=&sort=none&text=snapshot&responsible=&multitext=&originator=&release=

My experience shows that multiple snapshots of large filesystems, >30GB,
causes the system to become unresponsive when a snap is created.  If I
limit the snapshot to 1/per large FS, then often the machine hangs on
attempted reboots.

-- 
Regards,
Doug
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Re: A simple ports question...

[makisupa]

Thanks for the reply...

My ports tree is up to date -- i believe the "problem" (if you want to
call it that) is that I installed gnome 2.12 from package at marcuscom
(on a 6.0 RC1 system -- i needed 6.0 for some HW issues).  I therefore
have newer versions of certain files than many of the ports in the
current tree are expecting.  Does this sound like a reasonable
explanation?  

Your answer is the one everyone has been telling me for the last week.
And i truly appreciate the response.  I keep thinking i'm asking the
question wrong :)  I would understand this answer if the dependencies i
had were OLDER than what the port was looking for...but I have a NEWER
version.  For example, while installing pan2 it needs glib-2.6.6.  I
have glib-2.8.3.  How can i properly get this port installed?

===>  Installing for glib-2.6.6
===>   glib-2.6.6 depends on file: /usr/local/bin/perl5.8.7 - found
===>   glib-2.6.6 depends on executable: pkg-config - found
===>   glib-2.6.6 depends on shared library: intl - found
===>   Generating temporary packing list
===>  Checking if devel/glib20 already installed
===>   An older version of devel/glib20 is already installed
(glib-2.8.3)
  You may wish to ``make deinstall'' and install this port again
  by ``make reinstall'' to upgrade it properly.
  If you really wish to overwrite the old port of devel/glib20
  without deleting it first, set the variable "FORCE_PKG_REGISTER"
  in your environment or the "make install" command line.
*** Error code 1

Stop in /usr/ports/devel/glib20.
*** Error code 1

Thanks,
I'm really not trying to beat a dead horse here.  I have read all
relevant sections of the handbook and man pages but the obvious seems to
be escaping me.  I truly appreciate the help

mak.

On Thu, 2005-10-20 at 16:06 +0100, RW wrote:
> On Thursday 20 October 2005 15:25, makisupa wrote:
> > How would you install a port that had dependencies that were older than
> > identical items on your system?
> >
> > For example, you install portx that requires depend1.1 -- you have
> > depend1.2 on your system.  
> 
> This will happen if you have an out-of-date ports tree, and have installed 
> packages built against a newer tree. Try bringing your tree up-to-date with 
> cvsup or portsnap. See the handbook for details. 
> 
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lnc0: Start of packet found before end of previous in transmit ring -- Resetting

[Can Berk Guder]

Hi everyone,

I have an IBM PC Server 325 running FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE. I set this  
system up last year, and since the kernel didn't support the Ethernet  
card, I had to rebuild the kernel and include the lnc driver. Since  
then, everything seemed to be fine.


Anyway, a few weeks ago I had to backup some files from another  
server and I transferred a 1.4 GB .tar archive onto my FreeBSD  
machine via FTP. But when I needed to retrieve the backup, I received  
this message on the console:


lnc0: Start of packet found before end of previous in transmit ring  
-- Resetting


and the system hung.

I, unfortunately, had to restart the system manually and tried the  
transfer again to no avail. I receive the same message one or two  
times, and the system hangs.


I did a lot of searching on Google about the subject but I couldn't  
find a specific answer, except one message recommending changing the  
ethernet cable and/or the port, which I also tried.


I believe this is some sort of driver problem and I really hope  
someone has at least an idea about what is wrong and what I can do to  
fix it.


Regards,
--
Can Berk Guder
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: Portupgrade problem

[Lowell Gilbert]

"Craig Deal" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> What is the best way to keep the system up-to-date if you use packages? The
> manual is fairly clear if you use ports, but things get kinda vague (for me
> anyway) when it comes to packages. I have successfully installed (from
> packages) a working system with
> FreeBSD/Postfix/amavisd-new/spamassassin/Clamav/F-Prot/Postgrey/etc, and I
> want to make sure I can keep the packages updated without crashing the
> system.
> 
> I ran:
> cvsup -h cvsup1.freebsd.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile
> cd /usr/ports/ && make fetchindex
> pkgdb -uvF
> portsdb -u

Add the -U option there and you'll be golden.
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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[pete wright]

On 10/20/05, Mike Woods <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Deepak Naidu wrote:
>
>
> > If I want to monitor load, disk space, http etc service I have
> > install entire nagios package or nagios-statsd, or plugins ?
>
> SMTP, http imap etc can all be monitored over the internet by the nagios
> box since the check plugins for those are tcp/ip based, things like disk
> space will require the nrpe setup (or one of the equivilent) which only
> needs the plugins, I use nagios and nrpe extensivley to monitor our rack
> at redbus, network services are just another service definition, checks
> for disk access call the nrpe check command on the nagios server which
> connects to the nrpe service on the remote machine which in turn runs
> the nagios check plugin and returns the results to the nagios server!
>
> Basicly you'll need the nrpe package and the nagios plugins package but
> since the nagios plugins are a dependancy of the nrpe port all you'll
> need to install yourself is the nrpe package (assuming you're using
> ports), you'll also need to install the nrpe package on the linux box in
> order to get the check command for nagios!



You can also monitor disk load and activity via net-snmp. I use net-snmp to
monitor large networks of heterogenous hardware and OS's
(*BSD/Linux/IRIX/Solaris/etc..) along side nagios. Granted SNMP may not be a
viable protocol to use on the public internet...

-pete



--
~~o0OO0o~~
Pete Wright
www.nycbug.org 
NYC's *BSD User Group
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How to remove a "Hotplug" Laptop CD/DVD Drive

[Thomas Linton]

What is the correct and safe way to remove a "Hotplug" CD/DVD Drive from
a Laptop? 




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Re: Printing quota ?

[Frank Bonnet]

Erik Norgaard wrote:



LPRng calls the script with user information as command line options and 
the document on STDIN. The script determines the user from the command 
line option and counts pages in postscript documents by parsing STDIN.


If the document doesn't look enough like postscript it is discarded. 
Windows users have a hard time getting it right.


well ... we use PostScript and PCL so it is not suitable to discard
non postscript jobs
anyway thanks for your answer
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Re: Changing the region code of DVD-Drive

[Thomas Linton]

I could not compile regionset out of the box. I had to change line 37 in
dvd_udf.c to FreeBSD instead of OpenBSD.

zap...
#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
zap...


The bad thing: regionset is not working; I get following output:

kingkong# ./regionset
ERROR: Could not open disc "(null)"!
   Please place a DVD in the dvd drive.
Usage regionset /dev/dvd

or:

kingkong# ./regionset /dev/dvd
ERROR: Could not open disc "/dev/dvd"!
   Please place a DVD in the dvd drive.
Usage regionset /dev/dvd


The link /dev/dvd is set to /dev/cd0 and I put a DVD into the Drive. I
tried it as mounted and also as unmounted. 

Any ideas?


On Mon, 2005-10-17 at 19:21 +0200, Fabian Keil wrote:
> Garrett Cooper <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > On Oct 17, 2005, at 2:19 AM, Thomas Linton wrote:
> > 
> > > mplayer works (beside the sound, but this is a different problem).  
> > > xine,
> > > ogle and totem are not working on my box. If I boot winXP and look
> > > at the properties of the DVD Drive it says region code 0. Up to now
> > > I didn't change the region code, because you can only change it 5
> > > times.
> > >
> > > I was just wondering, if there is a tool available under freeBSD to
> > > change the region code of a DVD Drive or at least a tool which  
> > > gives you
> > > the current region code of the drive.
> > >
> > > Is it necessary for xine, ogle, and totem to have a region code set?
> 
> >  Sorry, but you exceeded the max number of DVD region changes  
> > hardware-wise, where you cannot change your region since it is  
> > something built into the firmware and software in your OS. 
> 
> I don't think so, he just hasn't set the Region Code yet.
> Region Code 0 is the factory default.
> 
> There is a region code setting program for
> "Operating System: All POSIX (Linux/BSD/UNIX-like OSes)" at:
> http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=31346&release_id=168415
> 
> But as I use mplayer and mencoder I have never tested it.
> 
> Fabian
-- 
Thomas Linton
IT-Systeme und Consulting GmbH
Hosnedlgasse 16A
A-1220 Wien

Mobil: +43(0)664/821 02 52
Tel: +43(0)1/285 98 88-52
Fax: +43(0)1/285 98 88-99
email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Pam auth

[Steve Bertrand]

Hello all,

My brother-in-law runs his own business, and his IT guy has recently
left, leaving no passwords or anything. The entire network is a complete
mickey mouse setup which I'm revamping properly for him.

There is a single FBSD 5.2.1 box that I have been working on and the
problem is this:

I can access everything via the root account when in single-user mode,
even change the root password. However, when I reboot and try to get
into normal mode (using root and the pass I just changed it to), I get
pam errors stating incorrect password. I am not at home to get the exact
message.

My question is, is there any way in single user mode to switch
authentication back to the standard master.password file, without having
to try to figure out how to change it elsewhere?

TIA,

Steve

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Re: A simple ports question...

[RW]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 15:25, makisupa wrote:
> How would you install a port that had dependencies that were older than
> identical items on your system?
>
> For example, you install portx that requires depend1.1 -- you have
> depend1.2 on your system.  

This will happen if you have an out-of-date ports tree, and have installed 
packages built against a newer tree. Try bringing your tree up-to-date with 
cvsup or portsnap. See the handbook for details. 

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Re: Multiple CPUs without SMP

[Greg 'groggy' Lehey]

On Thursday, 20 October 2005 at 18:06:29 +0400, Andrew P. wrote:
> On 10/20/05, Greg 'groggy' Lehey <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On Thursday, 20 October 2005 at 15:15:39 +0400, Andrew P. wrote:
>>> I don't need SMP, I would settle on manually assigning CPU affinity
>>> to each processor, but I gather FreeBSD can only handle 2+ CPUs with
>>> SMP enabled.
>>
>> I'm wondering if you have misunderstood the purpose of SMP
>> (symmetrical multiprocessors).  That's the architecture of the
>> motherboard.  If you want to use the second processor, you're
>> effectively saying that you want to use SMP.  An SMP kernel is one
>> that supports them.
>
> Thanks for your answer.
>
> NUMA architecture would fit some of our servers so much better. But
> SMP has its own strengths which we'll try to use.

Right, but NUMA is different hardware from SMP.  We don't support any
"real" NUMA hardware.

Greg
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FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...

[user]

I am trying to budget some disk space for filesystems with snapshots
enabled on them.

The following is simplified - I am just trying to get my concepts in
order:

Let's say I have a filesystem, and on that filesystem I create a snapshot
every single night, and every night I delete the snapshot from 5 nights
ago.  This means that at all times, I have four snapshots running on that
filesystem, one from 1 day ago, one from 2 days ago, one from 3 days ago,
and one from 4 days ago.

Let's also assume that the percent change of the filesystem is 5% (every
day 5% of the blocks in the filesystem are either changed or deleted).



Does this mean that if that 5% change is a different 5% every day, that
the one day ago snapshot will be size 5%_of_filesystem, and that the 2 day
ago snapshot will be size 10%_of_filesystem, day 3 15% and day 4 20%, for
a total of 50% of the total filesystem taken up with snapshot data ?

Does that sound correct ?  When I say that the 5% change is a different 5%
every day, what I mean is that it is not the same files/data being altered
every day, but rather there is 5% of new data changed every day, relative
to the previous nights snapshot.

The second question is this:

If the 5% data changed per day is the _same_ 5% every day (perhaps
changing the same table in a DB every day, or perhaps changing the same
block of lines in a text file every day) does that mean that every day
simply represents 5%_of_filesystem, for a total of 20% of the total
filesystem in use at all times for snapshot data ?

-

Finally, are there any snapshot diag tools at all ?  Like, something that
reports snapshot sizes, percent of disk used for snapshots, and maybe even
a way for me to actually calculate what the percent change for time period
X is for a particular filsystem >?

Thank you.


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Re: [Fwd: Re: port config questions]

[RW]

On Thursday 20 October 2005 03:52, Parv wrote:
> in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> wrote RW thusly...
>
> >  The blue menu screens are a useful way of spotting new port
> >  options, and you lose that if you set BATCH.
>
> OPTIONS are right there in the Makefile. 

I have 470 ports installed, that's a lot of Makefiles to check for changes. 
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RE: Portupgrade problem

[Craig Deal]

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> On Behalf Of Lowell Gilbert
> Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 9:02 AM
> To: Craig Deal
> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> Subject: Re: Portupgrade problem
> 
> "Craig Deal" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> 
> > > -Original Message-
> > > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Lowell 
> > > Gilbert
> 
> > > How did you install ruby?  
> > > That's the program (as opposed to portupgrade) that's 
> trying to link 
> > > to the wrong library, and the version you have installed 
> is not the 
> > > one you would have gotten from the 5.4-RELEASE packages.
> > 
> > 
> > That could be the problem. I used "pkg_add 
> > ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages.. 
> for some 
> > of the packages, in order to get the most current version. 
> I may have 
> > used the wrong ftp folder on one of the them. Is 
> > ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-stable/ or 
> > using "pkg_add -r" the most current packages for ver. 5.4? If so, I 
> > think I will just start over with a clean install.
> 
> If you want to keep your packages up-to-date, I recommend 
> updating your ports tree with cvsup and then using 
> portupgrade or portmanager get the updates.
> 
> Reinstalling the whole system is quite drastic and completely 
> unnecessary.
>


That's ok, I'm used to it since I mainly deal with windows (till now
anyway).


> If you want to keep your packages up-to-date, I recommend 
> updating your ports tree with cvsup and then using 
> portupgrade or portmanager get the updates.


What is the best way to keep the system up-to-date if you use packages? The
manual is fairly clear if you use ports, but things get kinda vague (for me
anyway) when it comes to packages. I have successfully installed (from
packages) a working system with
FreeBSD/Postfix/amavisd-new/spamassassin/Clamav/F-Prot/Postgrey/etc, and I
want to make sure I can keep the packages updated without crashing the
system.

I ran:
cvsup -h cvsup1.freebsd.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile
cd /usr/ports/ && make fetchindex
pkgdb -uvF
portsdb -u
portupgrade -arPP"

but nothing got updated. It said everything was current. When I ran
pkg_version, the majority of the packages had this "<". After that I used
"portupgrade -arR" and it updated some packages from the ports tree. I would
prefer to use only packages, but it fetches from the .../packages-5-release,
which is not current. 

Any help would be appreciated.

Craig

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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[David Kirchner]

On 10/20/05, Olaf Greve <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> > Well, it all seems to be a question of granting users access to the
> > right file. Have you checked permissions on /etc/passwd and /etc/pwd.db ?
>
> These are both 644, owned by root:wheel.
>
> > These should be world readable while /etc/master.passwd and /etc/spwd.db
> > should not.
>
> These are both 600, owned by root:wheel.

How about /etc and / itself? They should be 755.
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A simple ports question...

[makisupa]

How would you install a port that had dependencies that were older than
identical items on your system?  

For example, you install portx that requires depend1.1 -- you have
depend1.2 on your system.  Running 'make install clean' will generate an
error code stating that you have an OLDER version -- despite the fact
that you actually have a newer version.  I believe this is simply
because version numbers don't match.  'FORCE_PACKAGE_REGISTER' will
install and register the older version as well as the newer version.
THis is less than desirable behavior.  I looked through the ports man
page to find a variable that would ignore dependencies.  If such a
variable exists would the port most likely still run (assuming all
dependencies are present albeit newer versions)?

Thanks,
Mak.



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Re: FreeBSD 5.4 on a Sun Fire v40z

[Matteo Quintiliani]

On 20 Oct 2005, at 10:30, Matteo Quintiliani wrote:

Hi,

yesterday I tried to install FreeBSD 5.4-amd64 on a Sun Fire v40z.
Installation works fine, it finds any hardware and I'm able to  
configure any setting.


The problem occurs when server is booting. I get a black screen and  
the server reboot automatically.

Server has 4 processors AMD Opteron 850 and 2 scsi hard disk 73GB.

I tried to:
- use only a disk, the problem is the same
- install both "Standard boot" and "FreeBSD Boot Manager", the  
problem is the same.


I noticed in FDisk that, after the installation, the freebsd slice  
lost "bootable" property.


Please, could someone help me?


I've solved the problem booting FreeBSD from the CDROM
and launching  the following line commands: [FreeBSD Handbook pages  
332-333]


fdisk -B -b /boot/boot0 da0
disklabel -B da0s1

I don't know yet when I made mistakes during the installation.

Matteo Quintiliani

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Re: Multiple CPUs without SMP

[Andrew P.]

On 10/20/05, Greg 'groggy' Lehey <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Thursday, 20 October 2005 at 15:15:39 +0400, Andrew P. wrote:
> > I'm kinda confused.
>
> Yes, that's possible.
>
> > Can I use both processors with a non-SMP kernel?
>
> No.
>
> > I don't need SMP, I would settle on manually assigning CPU affinity
> > to each processor, but I gather FreeBSD can only handle 2+ CPUs with
> > SMP enabled.
>
> I'm wondering if you have misunderstood the purpose of SMP
> (symmetrical multiprocessors).  That's the architecture of the
> motherboard.  If you want to use the second processor, you're
> effectively saying that you want to use SMP.  An SMP kernel is one
> that supports them.
>
> Possibly you're considering using each processor for different
> purposes.  That's conceivable, but FreeBSD doesn't support it.
>
> Greg
> --
> When replying to this message, please copy the original recipients.
> If you don't, I may ignore the reply or reply to the original recipients.
> For more information, see http://www.lemis.com/questions.html
> See complete headers for address and phone numbers
>

Thanks for your answer.

NUMA architecture would fit some of our servers
so much better. But SMP has its own strengths
which we'll try to use.
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Re: (bourne)shell variable names containing a variable?

[Malcolm Kay]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005 10:47 pm, Emanuel Strobl wrote:
> #!/bin/sh
> list="one two three four"
>
> for item in $list; do
>   ${item}_present=yes

  eval ${item}_present=yes

> done

echo $one_present
echo $two_present
echo $three_present
echo $four_present

==>

yes
yes
yes
yes


Malcolm Kay
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Re: Portupgrade problem

[Lowell Gilbert]

"Craig Deal" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> > -Original Message-
> > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of 
> > Lowell Gilbert

> > How did you install ruby?  
> > That's the program (as opposed to portupgrade) that's trying 
> > to link to the wrong library, and the version you have 
> > installed is not the one you would have gotten from the 
> > 5.4-RELEASE packages.
> 
> 
> That could be the problem. I used "pkg_add
> ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages.. for some of the
> packages, in order to get the most current version. I may have used the
> wrong ftp folder on one of the them. Is
> ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-stable/ or using
> "pkg_add -r" the most current packages for ver. 5.4? If so, I think I will
> just start over with a clean install.

If you want to keep your packages up-to-date, I recommend updating
your ports tree with cvsup and then using portupgrade or portmanager
get the updates.

Reinstalling the whole system is quite drastic and completely unnecessary.
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Re: dovecot can not find mailbox

[Peter A. Giessel]

As Greg Lehey always writes:
[Format recovered--see http://www.lemis.com/email/email-format.html]

Also, please CC the list, I'm not an expert by any means, so others
may be able to help when I can't and others may benefit from the
discussion.

Dave wrote:
- Original Message - From: "Peter A. Giessel" 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: "Dave" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: "freeBSD" 



On 10/19/2005 16:07, Dave seems to have typed:

i edited my dovecot.conf file and changed the mail_env option, 
uncommented it and made it %h/%u/Maildir

and no good. Any suggestions?




   Thanks, yes i am running 1.0. I uninstalled 0.99 and reinstalled 
1.0so i don't believe i'm having an upgrade issue. If you've got a 
working dovecot.conf file that uses maildir can i see it? Something in 
mine is clearly not right. I checked the page you referenced it didn't 
tell me anything beyound what i already knew.


I'd recheck the variables that you are using because I believe the
correct variable isn't "mail_env", its "default_mail_env"


From the version 1.0.x config file:

*** QUOTE ***
# See doc/variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
#
#   default_mail_env = maildir:/var/mail/%1u/%u/Maildir
#   default_mail_env = mbox:~/mail/:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
#   default_mail_env = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%n/:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%n
*** END QUOTE ***

I *STRONGLY* recommend that you start by recopying from the .conf.sample.

Here is my working dovecot.conf file:
*** QUOTE ***
[/usr/local/etc]> more dovecot.conf | grep -v "#"
base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
protocols = imaps imap pop3s
ssl_disable = no
ssl_cert_file = /etc/certs/ssl.crt
ssl_key_file = /etc/certs/ssl.key
ssl_parameters_file = /var/run/dovecot/ssl-parameters.dat
ssl_parameters_regenerate = 0
disable_plaintext_auth = yes
log_path = /var/log/dovecot
info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot_info
login_dir = /var/run/dovecot/login
login_user = dovecot
login_process_per_connection = yes
login_processes_count = 3
login_max_processes_count = 64
login_max_logging_users = 128
login_greeting = Dovecot ready.
verbose_proctitle = no
first_valid_uid = 500
last_valid_uid = 0
first_valid_gid = 1
last_valid_gid = 0
mail_extra_groups = mail
valid_chroot_dirs = /var/mail
default_mail_env = maildir:/usr/mail/%n
maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
protocol imap {
 mail_executable = /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap
 imap_client_workarounds = delay-newmail outlook-idle netscape-eoh 
tb-extra-mailbox-sep
}
protocol pop3 {
 mail_executable = /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/pop3
 pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv
 pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nuls oe-ns-eoh
}
auth_username_chars = 
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234567890.-_@
auth default {
 mechanisms = plain
 passdb sql {
   args = /usr/local/etc/dovecot-mysql.conf
 }
 userdb sql {
   args = /usr/local/etc/dovecot-mysql.conf
 }
 user = root
}
*** END QUOTE ***

[Blank lines removed.]

My goal was to create completely database powered SSL authenticated
system, and it pretty much worked.  I needed an unsecured imap server
running so that Sendmail could use it for authentication for sending
mail (username and password are required for relaying, which are
transmitted to the server via SSL, but the query from Sendmail to
dovecot to check credentials - localhost:143 isn't encrypted.

Anyway, mail users don't have a home (login) directory, just a mail
directory which is why my maildir is a bit odd.

Hope that helps.
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Re: libdl.so.2 not found for java plugin

[Lowell Gilbert]

N Deepak <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> Hi,
> 
>   I am trying to get Java plug-in for Mozilla working.  I have read the
>   handbook and compiled/installed ports/java/linux-sun-jdk14/
> 
>   I can execute /usr/local/linux-sun-jdk1.4.2/bin/java.
> 
>   When I symlink libjavaplugin_oji.so from
>   /usr/X11R6/lib/browser_plugins/ to the plugin path in jdk directory, I
>   get this error message on starting Mozilla:
> 
>   LoadPlugin: failed to initialize shared library
>   
> /usr/local/linux-sun-jdk1.4.2/jre/plugin/i386/ns610-gcc32/libjavaplugin_oji.so
>   [Shared object "libdl.so.2" not found, required by
>   "libjavaplugin_oji.so"]

On my system, that was installed from linux_base:
~> /usr/local/sbin/pkg_which /usr/compat/linux/lib/libdl.so.2
linux_base-8-8.0_6 linux_base-8-8.0_7
~>

>   Help, please!
> 
>   Other options I have tried:
>   jdk1.3  -> java binary crashes ('OUCH: nested memory code, to 1
>   levels')
>   native jdk1.5   -> compile stops after a series of errors ('Java
>   HotSpot(TM) Client VM warning: Can't detect initial thread stack
>   location')

I've been using the native jdk14 for years with few problems...

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Re: PPP setup through OS X

[Lowell Gilbert]

Live-Wire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> I'm going to be connecting my 5.4 box w/ no monitor to my network, but
> before I move it to the router area I want to make sure
> I'll be able to change the network configuration without lugging the
> box back to where I can plug it into a monitor. Is there a guide
> or reference to plugging in my Mac OS X laptop directly into my box
> with PPP to configure it for the network? What other issues
> do I have to be aware of?

I'm not sure exactly what you're asking for.
You will probably need to look elsewhere for help configuring your Mac.
For the FreeBSD side, there are pages in the handbook, as well as the
ppp(8) manual.  Let us know what you've tried, and what went wrong.
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Re: switching from layer 2 to layer 3 in C programming

[Chuck Swiger]

Bsderss wrote:

I m in developing a network application (from layer 2 to 3).
Can anyone tell me how to switch from layer 2 to layer
3 in C programming?


I'm not sure what you mean by this, but a literal answer can be found in:

/usr/include/net/if_arp.h

...and "man 4 arp".

--
-Chuck
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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Erik Norgaard]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Olaf Greve wrote:

Well, it all seems to be a question of granting users access to the right 
file. Have you checked permissions on /etc/passwd and /etc/pwd.db ?


These are both 644, owned by root:wheel.

These should be world readable while /etc/master.passwd and /etc/spwd.db 
should not.


These are both 600, owned by root:wheel.

Sounds like both have their permissions set-up just fine. Nonetheless I 
suspect something went wrong when migrating these files from my previous 
FreeBSD 5.2.1-release i386 machine, to my new FreeBSD 5.4-release amd64 
machine...
Basically, I just copied those four files (plus the group file) across, and 
then rebuild the user's directory of the user that was having the login 
issues...


I think you can use mtree to get permissions right if they for 
some reason have been changed.


Another effect I would suspect you see - that is normal users see 
- is that files' owner and group appears as numbers not the 
corresponding names. One interesting thing here is whether both 
user and group are numbers or only users.


Try as normal user to 'ls -l /home' or something.

Regarding 'login', you can invoke the 'login' command from a shell 
to allow a user to "really" login.


Cheers, Erik
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Re: Helix plugin with Firefox

[Malcolm Kay]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005 06:43 pm, Beecher Rintoul wrote:
> I would like to get realplayer working in firefox, but it
> keeps crashing firefox on load. Launching realplay from the
> command line works fine. I have the latest firefox and
> linuxpluginwrapper installed and about:plugins in firefox
> correctly lists the helix plugin. In addition,
> /etc/libmap.conf contains the following:
>
> # Helix RealPlayer with
> Mozilla/Firebird/Galeon/Epiphany/Konqueror
> [/usr/X11R6/lib/linux-mozilla/plugins/nphelix.so]
> libstdc++.so.5libstdc++.so.5
> libc.so.6 pluginwrapper/realplayer.so
>

I've just experienced much the same problem in FBSD 5.4
Eventually I discovered:
/usr/ports/www/linuxpluginwrapper/pkg-message
which I assume should have been displayed during installation
but which I didn't see.

Apparently you need to copy or add 
/usr/local/share/examples/linuxpluginwrapper/libmap.conf-FreeBSD{whatever}
to /etc/libmap.conf

It worked for me, with mozilla but the doculantation with the 
version of linuxpluginwrapper that I have installed saya there 
is some further (unsolved) difficulty with firefox.

Malcolm Kay

> System uname:
> FreeBSD stargate 7.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 7.0-CURRENT #17: Tue Oct
> 18 22:42:58 AKDT 2005
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/STARGATE  i386
>
> Also, flash6 is installed and works. All paths are correct, so
> I don't quite know what to check next. I did try the same
> plugin in linux-firefox and it works as expected. However, I
> would like to stay with the native firefox. Does anyone have a
> suggestion?
>
> Beech
>
> --
>- Beech Rintoul - System Administrator
> - [EMAIL PROTECTED] /"\   ASCII Ribbon Campaign  | NorthWind
> Communications \ / - NO HTML/RTF in e-mail  | 201 East 9Th
> Avenue Ste.310 X  - NO Word docs in e-mail | Anchorage, AK
> 99501
> / \
> --
>-
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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Olaf Greve]

Hi,

Well, it all seems to be a question of granting users access to the 
right file. Have you checked permissions on /etc/passwd and /etc/pwd.db ?


These are both 644, owned by root:wheel.

These should be world readable while /etc/master.passwd and /etc/spwd.db 
should not.


These are both 600, owned by root:wheel.

Sounds like both have their permissions set-up just fine. Nonetheless I 
suspect something went wrong when migrating these files from my previous 
FreeBSD 5.2.1-release i386 machine, to my new FreeBSD 5.4-release amd64 
machine...
Basically, I just copied those four files (plus the group file) across, 
and then rebuild the user's directory of the user that was having the 
login issues...



Non privileged processes access the former to convert UID to user name.


That certainly makes sense. Hmm, I wonder what could be amiss??

Cheers!
Olafo
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(bourne)shell variable names containing a variable?

[Emanuel Strobl]

Hello,

I try to assign a value to a variable, but the variable should consist of 
another variable. Is this possible (in bourne shell)?

Example:

#!/bin/sh
list="one two three four"

for item in $list; do
  ${item}_present=yes
done

This doesn't work since the shell tries to execute "one_present=yes" 
instead of assigning yes to one_present

What am I missing

Thanks a lot,

-Harry


pgp5OfmfXwi46.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[kilim]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 05:08:22AM -0700, Glenn Dawson wrote:



> You could set kern.consmute=1 using sysctl and see if that does the
> trick.  Keep in mind that will also silence quite a few other
> things.

Although my original problem was solved (see my reply to Andrew P. in
the thread), thanks didn't know about this option. Had a look at
conscontrol(8), very interesting.

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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Erik Norgaard]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Olaf Greve wrote:

I do notice something weird though, which I also noticed from a warning 
Amavisd-new has given me: for some reason unpriviliged users do not seem to 
"see" their login name, but rather only their UID, when performing a "whoami" 
call?!?


Seems to be related

For my account that's in the wheel group and for the root account "whoami" 
properly returns the right name, but other users only see their UID. Any 
ideas why that can be, and if that can be fixed as well?



Also try:
lastlog 


Hmmm, there is no binary called 'lastlog' on my system. There is 
/usr/sbin/lastlogin though, so I'm assuming that is the one you referred too?


Well, when calling that function with the user name, or the matching ID, it 
results in the following:

lastlogin 1026
lastlogin: user '1026' not found


Well, it all seems to be a question of granting users access to 
the right file. Have you checked permissions on /etc/passwd and 
/etc/pwd.db ?


These should be world readable while /etc/master.passwd and 
/etc/spwd.db should not.


Non privileged processes access the former to convert UID to user 
name.


Cheers, Erik
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Re: Multiple CPUs without SMP

[Greg 'groggy' Lehey]

On Thursday, 20 October 2005 at 15:15:39 +0400, Andrew P. wrote:
> I'm kinda confused.

Yes, that's possible.

> Can I use both processors with a non-SMP kernel?

No.

> I don't need SMP, I would settle on manually assigning CPU affinity
> to each processor, but I gather FreeBSD can only handle 2+ CPUs with
> SMP enabled.

I'm wondering if you have misunderstood the purpose of SMP
(symmetrical multiprocessors).  That's the architecture of the
motherboard.  If you want to use the second processor, you're
effectively saying that you want to use SMP.  An SMP kernel is one
that supports them.

Possibly you're considering using each processor for different
purposes.  That's conceivable, but FreeBSD doesn't support it.

Greg
--
When replying to this message, please copy the original recipients.
If you don't, I may ignore the reply or reply to the original recipients.
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Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[kilim]

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 03:57:14PM +0400, Andrew P. wrote:

> Could you try stopping syslogd for a while - just to see if the
> messages are coming through it. "/etc/rc.d/syslogd stop"


Thank you very much Andrew P. !

Once I stopped it, the messages kept on pouring to the console. So I
had a look in the pf.conf and sure enought the problem was there:

set debug loud

once I changed it to:

set debug urgent

the noise went away.

Your suggestion helped me find it. Thanks again.



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Re: possible breakin attempt?

[Francisco Reyes]

dawnshade wrote:


On Tuesday 18 October 2005 21:19, Anthony Philipp wrote:
 

see man ssd_config for directive UseDNS or just block tcp/22 from not trusted 
hosts.
 

Another helpfull thing to do is to limit what users can connect through 
SSH using the AllowUsers directive.

In your /etc/sshd_config you put a line like

AllowUsers   

You will need to restart sshd after making the change.
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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Olaf Greve]

Hi,

> Some things to try, in sshd_config set:
>
> PrintLastLog=no
> LogLevel=DEBUG


Tnx a lot, this did the trick!!! I first tried it without the 
"PrintLastLog no" command, and with a proper AllowUsers line and that 
still didn't allow the login over SSH. Then, adding that "PrintLastLog 
no" line (and again restarting SSHD) indeed did the trick!


I do notice something weird though, which I also noticed from a warning 
Amavisd-new has given me: for some reason unpriviliged users do not seem 
to "see" their login name, but rather only their UID, when performing a 
"whoami" call?!?
For my account that's in the wheel group and for the root account 
"whoami" properly returns the right name, but other users only see their 
UID. Any ideas why that can be, and if that can be fixed as well?


> try toggling with AllowGroups and AllowUsers this is good for security
> also as you can deny system users or groups login and restrict users
> to login only from specific hosts, see the manpage for more options.


No luck, but I was going to do this anyway, so that addition has been 
made too now.


> Also try:
> lastlog 


Hmmm, there is no binary called 'lastlog' on my system. There is 
/usr/sbin/lastlogin though, so I'm assuming that is the one you referred 
too?


Well, when calling that function with the user name, or the matching ID, 
it results in the following:

lastlogin 1026
lastlogin: user '1026' not found

However, when calling the same stuff (using the user names) as root, I 
do see entries perfectly well...


>> -This does not happen when "su -" ing to the user's account from the
>> box itself.
>
>
> Note, there is a differens between su'ing and logging in. Can you
> login?


Dunno. My machine is located at a server farm and at present I cannot 
physically step behind it to do a console login, so I have to rely on 
SSH for logging in.


Alright, so the issue in itself has been resolved, but I would like to 
see this "whoami" issue (if indeed it is an issue) fixed.


Anyone any ideas on that one?

Cheers!
Olafo
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Re: sftp and escape characters

[Daniel]

On 10/20/05, ross <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> I tried that already and got the error
>
> Bad escaped character ' '

   Can you past everything you entered, exactly as it appears?
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Re: Basic FreeBSD firewall and patching questions.

[Francisco Reyes]

Daniel Pittman wrote:


It looks to me like either ipf or ipfilter are equally good, and have
about the same capabilities,



While you are getting started and to test rules you could use 
/etc/hosts.allow also.
You may already be familiar with it from other OSs.. We use to keep a 
list of what IPs can ssh into our machines. Biggest drawback.. only 
works with apps that support it.




I have, at the moment, 5.4-RELEASE #0 according to uname.  I suspect
that means the very first release of 5.4, correct?  In which case, I
need to update the FreeBSD core.

 


You want to use cvsup to update the source.


So: how can I bring this up to the latest stable release in the 5.4
series?  

 

My advice is to get cvsup installed, get latest source, recompile all. 
Specially now that you are not in production. Should have all the info, 
but whatever aspects are not clear you can ask here in the list.



Once that is done, is there any equivalent to the 'portaudit' tool to
check the system and warn me if there are outstanding changes on the
release branch?
 



There are several audit tools in the ports. I am not familiar with any, 
but until you find one you like you can use mtree.


Also for machines that you have physical access to or have remote kvm 
you could also look at the security profiles. Basically you can set 
rights such that a number of changes can only be done in single user 
mode. I have never used it, but I think it could possibly help to make a 
machine more tamper resistant.

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Re: Printing quota ?

[Lee Capps]

At 09:46 Thu 20 Oct 2005, Frank Bonnet wrote:
> Hello
> 
> I'm searching for a free software that perform print accounting
> interface with CUPS welcome.
> 

PyKota:

http://www.librelogiciel.com/software/PyKota/action_Presentation

-- 
Lee Capps
Technology Specialist
CTE Resource Center


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Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[Glenn Dawson]

At 04:18 AM 10/20/2005, kilim wrote:


Hello Erik,

and thanks for the fast reply !

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 12:53:53PM +0200, Erik Norgaard wrote:
> On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, kilim wrote:
>
> >I'd like to stop pf logging to the console.



> have you tried to set this in rc.conf?
>
> pflog_enable="YES"

I've set this in /etc/rc.conf at the very beginning.

> pflog_logfile="/var/log/pflog"

That is the default option in /etc/defaults/rc.conf.

But just to be 'crazy' I've now set it in /etc/rc.conf.

> then restart pflog

Did that, no luck.

BTW I'm running 5.4 stable.

Anything else I can try ?


You could set kern.consmute=1 using sysctl and see if that does the 
trick.  Keep in mind that will also silence quite a few other things.


-Glenn



Thanks !


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Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[Andrew P.]

On 10/20/05, kilim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hello Erik,
>
> and thanks for the fast reply !
>
> On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 12:53:53PM +0200, Erik Norgaard wrote:
> > On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, kilim wrote:
> >
> > >I'd like to stop pf logging to the console.
>
> 
>
> > have you tried to set this in rc.conf?
> >
> > pflog_enable="YES"
>
> I've set this in /etc/rc.conf at the very beginning.
>
> > pflog_logfile="/var/log/pflog"
>
> That is the default option in /etc/defaults/rc.conf.
>
> But just to be 'crazy' I've now set it in /etc/rc.conf.
>
> > then restart pflog
>
> Did that, no luck.
>
> BTW I'm running 5.4 stable.
>
> Anything else I can try ?
>
> Thanks !
>
>
> ___
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>

Could you try stopping syslogd for a while -
just to see if the messages are coming
through it. "/etc/rc.d/syslogd stop"
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Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[kilim]

Hello Erik, 

and thanks for the fast reply !

On Thu, Oct 20, 2005 at 12:53:53PM +0200, Erik Norgaard wrote:
> On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, kilim wrote:
> 
> >I'd like to stop pf logging to the console.



> have you tried to set this in rc.conf?
> 
> pflog_enable="YES"

I've set this in /etc/rc.conf at the very beginning.

> pflog_logfile="/var/log/pflog"

That is the default option in /etc/defaults/rc.conf.

But just to be 'crazy' I've now set it in /etc/rc.conf.

> then restart pflog

Did that, no luck. 

BTW I'm running 5.4 stable.

Anything else I can try ?

Thanks !


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Multiple CPUs without SMP

[Andrew P.]

I'm kinda confused.

Can I use both processors with a non-SMP kernel? I
don't need SMP, I would settle on manually assigning
CPU affinity to each processor, but I gather FreeBSD
can only handle 2+ CPUs with SMP enabled.

On a 5.4 box without SMP mptables show both CPUs
though:

<...>
MP Config Base Table Entries:
--
Processors: APIC ID Version State   Family  Model   StepFlags
 0   0x11BSP, usable 6   11  1
  0x383fbff
 1   0x11AP, usable  6   11  1
  0x383fbff
<...>

dmesg.boot says only cpu0 is found, top doesn't see
the other one, too.
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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Deepak Naidu]

Thanx again Mike for detail explanation.
 
Cheers,
Deepak Naidu.

Mike Woods <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Deepak Naidu wrote:


> If I want to monitor load, disk space, http etc service I have
> install entire nagios package or nagios-statsd, or plugins ?

SMTP, http imap etc can all be monitored over the internet by the nagios 
box since the check plugins for those are tcp/ip based, things like disk 
space will require the nrpe setup (or one of the equivilent) which only 
needs the plugins, I use nagios and nrpe extensivley to monitor our rack 
at redbus, network services are just another service definition, checks 
for disk access call the nrpe check command on the nagios server which 
connects to the nrpe service on the remote machine which in turn runs 
the nagios check plugin and returns the results to the nagios server!

Basicly you'll need the nrpe package and the nagios plugins package but 
since the nagios plugins are a dependancy of the nrpe port all you'll 
need to install yourself is the nrpe package (assuming you're using 
ports), you'll also need to install the nrpe package on the linux box in 
order to get the check command for nagios!

---
Mike Woods
Systems Administrator
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Re: Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[Erik Norgaard]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, kilim wrote:



Hello,

I'd like to stop pf logging to the console.

So I've read syslog.conf(5) & syslogd(8) and then I tried my best with
/etc/syslog.conf. By deleting one service after another:

*.err;kern.warning;auth.notice;mail.crit   /dev/console

where I've just completely commented out any logging to the console,
but pf is so persistent, that it just keeps logging on.

How can I stop pf from logging to the console as I find it distracting
to type when its various messages keep popping up ?


have you tried to set this in rc.conf?

pflog_enable="YES"
pflog_logfile="/var/log/pflog"


then restart pflog

Cheers, Erik
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Re: FreeBSD 5.4 on a Sun Fire v40z

[Deepak Naidu]

I have a running FreeBSD 5.4 installation on SunFire amd 64 v20 dual cpu  I 
know its not same, but the scsi disk detected and is performing fine. 
 
Regarding the partition, I have noticed that if you partition /boot on seperate 
partition then the boot fails(this is comman for any intel or amd make)

can u check dmesg for any errors.
 
Cheers,
Deepak Naidu.

Matteo Quintiliani <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Hi,

yesterday I tried to install FreeBSD 5.4-amd64 on a Sun Fire v40z.
Installation works fine, it finds any hardware and I'm able to 
configure any setting.

The problem occurs when server is booting. I get a black screen and 
the server reboot automatically.
Server has 4 processors AMD Opteron 850 and 2 scsi hard disk 73GB.

I tried to:
- use only a disk, the problem is the same
- install both "Standard boot" and "FreeBSD Boot Manager", the 
problem is the same.

I noticed in FDisk that, after the installation, the freebsd slice 
lost "bootable" property.

Please, could someone help me?

Thanks in advance,
Matteo

--
Matteo Quintiliani
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
Centro Nazionale Terremoti - UF Sismos
Via di Vigna Murata, 605 - 00143 Roma, Italy
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Stopping the logging to console from pf ?

[kilim]

Hello,

I'd like to stop pf logging to the console.

So I've read syslog.conf(5) & syslogd(8) and then I tried my best with
/etc/syslog.conf. By deleting one service after another:

*.err;kern.warning;auth.notice;mail.crit   /dev/console

where I've just completely commented out any logging to the console,
but pf is so persistent, that it just keeps logging on.

How can I stop pf from logging to the console as I find it distracting
to type when its various messages keep popping up ?

Thank you !
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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Mike Woods]

Deepak Naidu wrote:



 If I want to monitor load, disk space, http etc service I have
 install entire nagios package or nagios-statsd, or plugins ?


SMTP, http imap etc can all be monitored over the internet by the nagios 
box since the check plugins for those are tcp/ip based, things like disk 
space will require the nrpe setup (or one of the equivilent) which only 
needs the plugins, I use nagios and nrpe extensivley to monitor our rack 
at redbus, network services are just another service definition, checks 
for disk access call the nrpe check command on the nagios server which 
connects to the nrpe service on the remote machine which in turn runs 
the nagios check plugin and returns the results to the nagios server!


Basicly you'll need the nrpe package and the nagios plugins package but 
since the nagios plugins are a dependancy of the nrpe port all you'll 
need to install yourself is the nrpe package (assuming you're using 
ports), you'll also need to install the nrpe package on the linux box in 
order to get the check command for nagios!


---
Mike Woods
Systems Administrator
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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Deepak Naidu]

Right Mike, this is what exactly I want.  More details are
 
I have LVS server in Linux, installed with Nagios.  I have 5 spam servers and 5 
IMAP and POP servers, from which 2 spam servers are FreeBSD 5.4.  I have been 
monitoring them through Linux nagios, and running nrpe on clients.
 
But now for FreeBSD, I hope for SMTP check or MailQ I dont need any 
installation of nagios client(plugin) right ?
 
If I want to monitor load, disk space, http etc service I have install entire 
nagios package or nagios-statsd, or plugins ?
 
Thanx for any info.
 
 
Cheers,
Deepak Naidu

Mike Woods <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Deepak Naidu wrote:

> Hi, I wanted to install nagios client on FreeBSD 5.4. I want to
> monitor my SMTP (25) and disk usage etc to be monitored from Nagios
> server installed on Linux box.
>
> How do I do... In linux there is Nagios-Client.rpm. What is the
> alternative on FreeBSD
>
> I dont want the server, I just wnat to monito my FreeBSD 5.4 host.

I know this has already been addresses by others but i have another 
answer :)

If im reding you right you have a linux box setup with nagios and you 
want to monitor services on a remote freebsd box ?

SMTP wont be an issue, that can be monitored with check_smtp as someone 
has already suggested, local stats like disk usage can be monitored a 
number of ways, personaly i've found nrpe (nagios remote plugin 
executor), nrpe basicly allows you to execute nagios check plugins over 
a network/the internet, it's in ports (2 versions depending on which 
version of nagios you have installed) and it'll install the 
nagios-plugins package as a dependancy, once it's installed you can 
configure the commands nrpe will answer and these commands in turn call 
a nagios plugin.

Jobs-a-goodun :P

--
Mike Woods
Systems Administrator
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Need your help: Bad file descriptor and too many files open

[Axel . Gruner]

Hi,

I get the following messages sometimes if i try to restart sshd:

#etc/rc.d/sshd restart
eval: Pipe call failed: Bad file descriptor
eval: Pipe call failed: Bad file descriptor
[...]
#/etc/rc.d/sshd restart
/etc/rc.subr: Pipe call failed: Too many open files in system

I am running 5.4-RELEASE-p6. Dual XEON 3.06GHz with 2 GB of RAM.

sysctl:
#sysctl -a kern.openfiles
kern.openfiles: 9607
#sysctl -a kern.maxfiles
kern.maxfiles: 65536

/etc/sysctl.conf:
kern.maxfiles="65536"
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=64000
kern.ipc.nmbufs=256000
kern.maxproc=8192
kern.ipc.somaxconn=4096

#vmstat -i
interrupt  total   rate
irq24: xl0  46574469169
[...]
irq29: em0 1  0
irq30: em1 1  0

Device Polling is active.

load averages:  1.00,  1.08,  1.09
647 processes: 1 running, 644 sleeping, 2 zombie

A lot of users connects via ssh (x-forward). Also sometimes they can not
connect because of "too many open files".

So what could be the problem? Any hints?

Thanks in advance.

asg



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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Erik Norgaard]

On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Olaf Greve wrote:

Oct 20 11:39:40 milx sshd[48147]: Accepted keyboard-interactive/pam for 
abcdef from 123.45.67.89 port 35335 ssh2
Oct 20 11:39:40 milx sshd[48150]: fatal: login_get_lastlog: Cannot find 
account for uid 1234


Some things to try, in sshd_config set:

PrintLastLog=no
LogLevel=DEBUG

try toggling with AllowGroups and AllowUsers this is good for 
security also as you can deny system users or groups login and 
restrict users to login only from specific hosts, see the manpage 
for more options.


Also try:

lastlog 

-This does not happen when "su -" ing to the user's account from the box 
itself.


Note, there is a differens between su'ing and logging in. Can you 
login?


-This may not happen to users that are allowed to become root (i.e. are in 
the wheel group).


Possibly it would help to add the user account to the wheel group, but I'm 
reluctant to do so for obvious reasons.


No, you never want to accept such a solution, even if it solves 
the problem.


Cheers, Erik
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Re: Weird SSH problem... Any ideas?!?

[Alex Zbyslaw]

Olaf Greve wrote:


Hi,

Yesterday it has been brought to my attention that SSH access is not 
working well on my new server.


The background: I have set-up a new server (FreeBSD 5.4-Release 
AMD/64) and I migrated the user accounts from my old server (FreeBSD 
5.2.1-Release i386).


Now, I was under the assumption everything was working fine, as I 
myself have no issues in SSH-ing as unprivileged user to the machine 
(note: my unprivileged account is featured in the wheel group, which 
may be of importance!).


However, when a regular user who resides in a regular group tries to 
SSH to the machine, after entering the correct password the connection 
is immediately dropped, and the following error (note: the below lines 
contain dummy names and IP addresses) is shown in /var/log/auth.log:


Oct 20 11:39:40 milx sshd[48147]: Accepted keyboard-interactive/pam 
for abcdef from 123.45.67.89 port 35335 ssh2
Oct 20 11:39:40 milx sshd[48150]: fatal: login_get_lastlog: Cannot 
find account for uid 1234


I have done some Googling on it, and there are quite a few hits when 
searching for this particular error message. The errors seem to be 
happening on all sorts of Unixes, yet as my machines are FreeBSD ones, 
I'm asking here.


I have unfortunately not been able to find a solution using Google, 
but I did find some pointers as to the cause. They are:
-This seems to happen when SSH cannot retrieve the last login date and 
time for a user. Can this somehow implicitly or explicitly be flushed?
-This does not happen when "su -" ing to the user's account from the 
box itself.
-This may not happen to users that are allowed to become root (i.e. 
are in the wheel group).


If it *is* related to getting last login time then maybe the permissions 
on /var/log/wtmp are wrong?


Mine are

352 -rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  - 329428 Oct 20 10:54 /var/log/wtmp

but if other did not have read permission it would fit with the 
assumptions and symptoms you mention.


Group wheel is only about su-ing on BSD, though it is often used to give 
read/write permissions on files to those privileged users.


--Alex


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Re: Nagios Client on FreeBSD 5.4

[Mike Woods]

Deepak Naidu wrote:


 Hi, I wanted to install nagios client on FreeBSD 5.4. I want to
 monitor my SMTP (25) and disk usage etc to be monitored from Nagios
 server installed on Linux box.

 How do I do... In linux there is Nagios-Client.rpm. What is the
 alternative on FreeBSD

 I dont want the server, I just wnat to monito my FreeBSD 5.4 host.


I know this has already been addresses by others but i have another 
answer :)


If im reding you right you have a linux box setup with nagios and you 
want to monitor services on a remote freebsd box ?


SMTP wont be an issue, that can be monitored with check_smtp as someone 
has already suggested, local stats like disk usage can be monitored a 
number of ways, personaly i've found nrpe (nagios remote plugin 
executor), nrpe basicly allows you to execute nagios check plugins over 
a network/the internet, it's in ports (2 versions depending on which 
version of nagios you have installed) and it'll install the 
nagios-plugins package as a dependancy, once it's installed you can 
configure the commands nrpe will answer and these commands in turn call 
a nagios plugin.


Jobs-a-goodun :P

--
Mike Woods
Systems Administrator
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