Re: Finding exactly which commands, and in which order, rc is running at startup
Thanks for all the suggestions. Of them, this was the one that helped me with my issue: On Aug 23, 2013, at 1:41 AM, Doug Hardie bc...@lafn.org wrote: You can add: rc_debug=YES to /etc/rc.conf and that might give you what you need. According to the man page it will produces copious output to the terminal and syslog(3) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Finding exactly which commands, and in which order, rc is running at startup
On 22/08/2013 21:07, Paul Hoffman wrote: Greetings again. After doing a freebsd-update, my system is starting up differently than it was before. I want to figure out why before I come here and say it's broken. Is there a way to say show me all of the commands you are running during startup? It would be grand if I could say tell me what you would do next time (dry run), but what did you do last time is OK too. How much detail do you want? You probably can't get a report on every single process run during the boot process at all easily. However, you can see the console output from the boot process. To see what the kernel emits on boot-up, look at /var/run/dmesg.boot -- if you've got an old copy of dmesg.boot around somewhere, comparing the two should show you any changes in the devices the kernel discovers when it probes your system. To see the output from the rc system, the best thing is to enable the console log. Edit /etc/syslog.conf and uncomment the indicated line, as so: # uncomment this to log all writes to /dev/console to /var/log/console.log console.info/var/log/console.log Then do: touch /var/log/console.log chmod 600 /var/log/console.log /etc/rc.d/syslogd restart Obviously, that won't help you see what happened on the previous reboot, but on the next reboot you should see a transcript of the console output. Cheers, Matthew -- Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil. PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Finding exactly which commands, and in which order, rc is running at startup
On 22 August 2013, at 13:07, Paul Hoffman phoff...@proper.com wrote: Greetings again. After doing a freebsd-update, my system is starting up differently than it was before. I want to figure out why before I come here and say it's broken. Is there a way to say show me all of the commands you are running during startup? It would be grand if I could say tell me what you would do next time (dry run), but what did you do last time is OK too. You can add: rc_debug=YES to /etc/rc.conf and that might give you what you need. According to the man page it will produces copious output to the terminal and syslog(3) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Finding exactly which commands, and in which order, rc is running at startup
On 23 August 2013 10:41, Doug Hardie bc...@lafn.org wrote: On 22 August 2013, at 13:07, Paul Hoffman phoff...@proper.com wrote: Greetings again. After doing a freebsd-update, my system is starting up differently than it was before. I want to figure out why before I come here and say it's broken. Is there a way to say show me all of the commands you are running during startup? It would be grand if I could say tell me what you would do next time (dry run), but what did you do last time is OK too. You can add: rc_debug=YES to /etc/rc.conf and that might give you what you need. According to the man page it will produces copious output to the terminal and syslog(3) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org You can use rcorder /etc/rc.d/* /usr/local/etc/rc.d/* to show the order of which the startup scripts is run. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Finding exactly which commands, and in which order, rc is running at startup
Greetings again. After doing a freebsd-update, my system is starting up differently than it was before. I want to figure out why before I come here and say it's broken. Is there a way to say show me all of the commands you are running during startup? It would be grand if I could say tell me what you would do next time (dry run), but what did you do last time is OK too. --Paul Hoffman ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
what commands show memory usage
When stopping vnet jails get message about lost memory pages. What console commands show available memory pages so I can determine the lost memory pages after 100 stopped jails? Want to find out if that lost memory page message is bogus or not. Thanks ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: what commands show memory usage
On 05/14/2013 08:56 PM, Joe wrote: Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 05/14/2013 08:32 PM, Joe wrote: When stopping vnet jails get message about lost memory pages. What console commands show available memory pages so I can determine the lost memory pages after 100 stopped jails? Want to find out if that lost memory page message is bogus or not. Look at 'vmstat' and 'free' commands. can't find any free command Sorry Joe (and everyone), I had a brief bit flip. The command is actually called freebsd-memory and is not in the base system. It's an addon from Ralph Engelshall and can be found here: http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/utils/ (If you care, the 'free' command is how you do this on Linux.) -- Tim Daneliuk tun...@tundraware.com PGP Key: http://www.tundraware.com/PGP/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Security - logging of user commands
On 7/25/12 6:15 PM, jb wrote: Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes: ... From my syslog.conf: auth.info;authpriv.info /var/log/auth.log Yet I'm seeing not a trail in /var/log/auth.log , or messages, or even in secure ... # less /var/log/auth.log Feb 22 21:13:56 localhost newsyslog[1503]: logfile first created Feb 22 21:14:07 localhost login: login on ttyv0 as jb Feb 22 21:14:15 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/ttyv0 ... Jul 25 15:23:48 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/pts/3 Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50059]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50060]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/grep]: grep -c ^/usr/local/lib//snoopy.so /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:52:29 localhost snoopy[50145]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log Jul 25 17:54:03 localhost snoopy[50148]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch test1 Jul 25 17:54:08 localhost snoopy[50149]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log [root@localhost /home/jb]# jb Well, after some digging I am sorry to report that security/snoopy/ is, imho, quite bugged on 8-STABLE and 9-STABLE alike. Let's take the example of logging the current working directory: Below is the statement from ./configure --help : Optional Features: [snip] --disable-cwd-logging disable logging of Current Working Directory [default=enabled] From config.h:66 /* Enable logging of Current Working Directory */ /* #undef SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING */ From configure:4298 #define SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING 1 From snoopy.c:127 /* Create logMessage */ #if defined(SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING) Small edits to snoopy.c to check if current working directory logging is really enabled: --- snoopy.c.orig 2012-07-26 10:16:06.0 + +++ snoopy.c2012-07-26 10:18:05.0 + @@ -123,12 +123,18 @@ logString[logStringSize-1] = '\0'; +/* Check wether SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING is _really_ defined or not */ +int cwdlog=0; +#if defined(SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING) +cwdlog=1; +#endif + /* Create logMessage */ #if defined(SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING) getCwdRet = getcwd(cwd, PATH_MAX+1); - sprintf(logMessage, [uid:%d sid:%d tty:%s cwd:%s filename:%s]: %s, getuid(), getsid(0), ttyPath, cwd, filename, logString); + sprintf(logMessage, [uid:%d sid:%d tty:%s cwd:%s filename:%s]: %s, getuid(), getsid(0), ttyPath, cwd, filename, logString); #else - sprintf(logMessage, [uid:%d sid:%d tty:%s filename:%s]: %s, getuid(), getsid(0), ttyPath, filename, logString); + sprintf(logMessage, cwdlog: %d - [uid:%d sid:%d tty:%s filename:%s]: %s, cwdlog, getuid(), getsid(0), ttyPath, filename, logString); #endif And the result: gmake snoopy.so setenv LD_PRELOAD /usr/ports/security/snoopy/work/snoopy-1.8.0/snoopy.so /etc/rc.d/named status Yields, amongst others: Jul 26 10:19:00 pf1 snoopy[96561]: cwdlog: 0 - [uid:0 sid:92850 tty:/dev/pts/0 filename:/bin/ps]: /bin/ps -ww -o pid= -o jid= -o command= -p 1073 Notice how cwdlog is set to 0 which means we don't want to log the CWD, although configure reports SNOOPY_CWD_LOGGING 1 I think that might not be the only bug, seeing only root actions seem to be logged although the default should be to log every user. I'd like to point out that apart from these edits for my tests this is a *vanilla* install of snoopy. Might anyone confirm the issue ? The above is true for 8.1-RELEASE, 8-STABLE , 9-STABLE with snoopy being at version 1.8.0 on all of them. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Security - logging of user commands
Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes:
...
Might anyone confirm the issue ?
The above is true for 8.1-RELEASE, 8-STABLE , 9-STABLE with snoopy being
at version 1.8.0 on all of them.
$ uname -r
9.0-RELEASE-p3
$ man ldconfig
...
Filenames must conform to the lib*.so.[0-9] pattern in order to
be added to the hints file.
...
FILES
/var/run/ld.so.hints Standard hints file for the a.out dynamic
linker.
/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints Standard hints file for the ELF dynamic
linker.
/etc/ld.so.conf Conventional configuration file containing
directory names for invocations with -aout.
/etc/ld-elf.so.conf Conventional configuration file containing
directory names for invocations with -elf.
/var/run/ld-elf32.so.hints
/var/run/ld32.so.hints Conventional configuration files containing
directory names for invocations with -32.
/etc/objformat Determines whether -aout or -elf is the
default. If present, it must consist of a
single line containing either
`OBJFORMAT=aout' or `OBJFORMAT=elf'.
...
$
# ls -al /usr/local/lib/libsnoopy.so*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel14 Jul 26 20:43 /usr/local/lib/libsnoopy.so -
libsnoopy.so.1
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 4824 Jul 26 20:07 /usr/local/lib/libsnoopy.so.1
$ grep ldconfig /etc/defaults/rc.conf
...
ldconfig_paths=... /usr/local/lib ...
...
# /etc/rc.d/ldconfig start
...
ldconfig_start()
...
for i in ${ldconfig_paths} /etc/ld-elf.so.conf; do
if [ -r ${i} ]; then
_LDC=${_LDC} ${i}
fi
done
check_startmsgs echo 'ELF ldconfig path:' ${_LDC}
${ldconfig} -elf ${_ins} ${_LDC}
...
$ ldconfig -r
/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints:
search directories:
/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/lib/compat:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib/event2:/usr/local
/lib/gcc46:/usr/local/lib/graphviz:/usr/local/lib/libxul:/usr/local/lib/nss:
/usr/local/lib/pth:/usr/local/lib/qt4
0:-lc.7 = /lib/libc.so.7
...
465:-lsnoopy.1 = /usr/local/lib/libsnoopy.so.1
...
$
# man ldconfig
...
# tail /var/log/auth.log
...
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5884]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/sbin/sysctl]: /sbin/sysctl -n hw.machine_arch
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5885]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/sbin/sysctl]: /sbin/sysctl -n hw.machine
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5886]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/usr/bin/locale]: /usr/bin/locale
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5889]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty: cwd:/usr/local/lib
filename:/usr/bin/head]: head -1
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5888]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/usr/bin/zcat]: /usr/bin/zcat
/usr/share/man/man8/ldconfig.8.gz
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5892]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty: cwd:/usr/local/lib
filename:/usr/bin/groff]: groff -S -P-h -Wall -mtty-char -man -Tascii -P-c
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5891]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty: cwd:/usr/local/lib
filename:/usr/bin/tbl]: tbl
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5890]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/usr/bin/zcat]: /usr/bin/zcat
/usr/share/man/man8/ldconfig.8.gz
Jul 26 22:12:38 localhost snoopy[5893]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty: cwd:/usr/local/lib
filename:/usr/bin/more]: more
# /etc/rc.d/named status
Cannot 'status' named. Set named_enable to YES in /etc/rc.conf or use
'onestatus' instead of 'status'.
# tail /var/log/auth.log
...
Jul 26 22:16:40 localhost snoopy[5917]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/bin/ps]: /bin/ps -ww -p 5916 -o jid=
Jul 26 22:16:40 localhost snoopy[5919]: [uid:0 sid:2957 tty:/dev/pts/2
cwd:/usr/local/lib filename:/bin/ps]: /bin/ps -ww -o pid= -o jid= -o command=
-ax
#
jb
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Securituy - logging of user commands
Hello list, We're currently working towards the PCI DSS certification (Payment Card Industry) for a project at work. One of the prerequisites is that all user commands be logged. We're currently using a very bad hack that takes the last command from a user's history and sends it to a log server. This of course is unreliable as a user may entirely disable their history, or just use another shell to bypass the csh function or whatever. My colleagues installed Snoopy on debian and it seems to work wonders as a module which is LD preloaded. I notice it also exists on FreeBSD as /usr/ports/security/snoopy . However I face several problems with it, mainly it doesn't seem to log anything. As per the README, I have added /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so to /etc/ld.so.preload I'm not even sure this file is used on BSD ? As per the man page for ld.so there's no such file: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld.so Neither libmap.conf nor ldconfig(8) seem to be the answer either. I've googled for ld.so.conf and found the following 2 posts which seem to indicate it isn't used either: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001746.html http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001747.html The posts mention -current but date back from 2003. Lastly, I have also noticed that the port installs /usr/local/bin/detect which I executed and would always reply something's fishy. By looking at the (very short) source I noticed the program merely loads /lib/libc.so.6 , and it wouldn't find it on my system (8.3-STABLE with /lib/libc.so.7). Adjusting and recompiling lets the program correctly print secure but it does nothing else. I have checked that the output /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so module is linked against libc.so.7 , and it is. Has anyone ever got Snoopy to work on BSD ? Might I need to install linux emulation ? Is there any other port that might do the job and which I could use ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
No I haven't. That's a good suggestion, I'll look into it and see if it fits the purpose :) On 7/25/12 2:04 PM, Peter Boosten wrote: Have you ever considered the audit function of FreeBSD? Peter Boosten On 25 jul. 2012, at 13:47, Damien Fleuriot m...@my.gd wrote: Hello list, We're currently working towards the PCI DSS certification (Payment Card Industry) for a project at work. One of the prerequisites is that all user commands be logged. We're currently using a very bad hack that takes the last command from a user's history and sends it to a log server. This of course is unreliable as a user may entirely disable their history, or just use another shell to bypass the csh function or whatever. My colleagues installed Snoopy on debian and it seems to work wonders as a module which is LD preloaded. I notice it also exists on FreeBSD as /usr/ports/security/snoopy . However I face several problems with it, mainly it doesn't seem to log anything. As per the README, I have added /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so to /etc/ld.so.preload I'm not even sure this file is used on BSD ? As per the man page for ld.so there's no such file: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld.so Neither libmap.conf nor ldconfig(8) seem to be the answer either. I've googled for ld.so.conf and found the following 2 posts which seem to indicate it isn't used either: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001746.html http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001747.html The posts mention -current but date back from 2003. Lastly, I have also noticed that the port installs /usr/local/bin/detect which I executed and would always reply something's fishy. By looking at the (very short) source I noticed the program merely loads /lib/libc.so.6 , and it wouldn't find it on my system (8.3-STABLE with /lib/libc.so.7). Adjusting and recompiling lets the program correctly print secure but it does nothing else. I have checked that the output /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so module is linked against libc.so.7 , and it is. Has anyone ever got Snoopy to work on BSD ? Might I need to install linux emulation ? Is there any other port that might do the job and which I could use ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
Have you ever considered the audit function of FreeBSD? Peter Boosten On 25 jul. 2012, at 13:47, Damien Fleuriot m...@my.gd wrote: Hello list, We're currently working towards the PCI DSS certification (Payment Card Industry) for a project at work. One of the prerequisites is that all user commands be logged. We're currently using a very bad hack that takes the last command from a user's history and sends it to a log server. This of course is unreliable as a user may entirely disable their history, or just use another shell to bypass the csh function or whatever. My colleagues installed Snoopy on debian and it seems to work wonders as a module which is LD preloaded. I notice it also exists on FreeBSD as /usr/ports/security/snoopy . However I face several problems with it, mainly it doesn't seem to log anything. As per the README, I have added /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so to /etc/ld.so.preload I'm not even sure this file is used on BSD ? As per the man page for ld.so there's no such file: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld.so Neither libmap.conf nor ldconfig(8) seem to be the answer either. I've googled for ld.so.conf and found the following 2 posts which seem to indicate it isn't used either: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001746.html http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2003-June/001747.html The posts mention -current but date back from 2003. Lastly, I have also noticed that the port installs /usr/local/bin/detect which I executed and would always reply something's fishy. By looking at the (very short) source I noticed the program merely loads /lib/libc.so.6 , and it wouldn't find it on my system (8.3-STABLE with /lib/libc.so.7). Adjusting and recompiling lets the program correctly print secure but it does nothing else. I have checked that the output /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so module is linked against libc.so.7 , and it is. Has anyone ever got Snoopy to work on BSD ? Might I need to install linux emulation ? Is there any other port that might do the job and which I could use ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes: ... I notice it also exists on FreeBSD as /usr/ports/security/snoopy . However I face several problems with it, mainly it doesn't seem to log anything. As per the README, I have added /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so to /etc/ld.so.preload I'm not even sure this file is used on BSD ? ... /usr/ports/security/snoopy]# make clean; make ... # ls work/snoopy-1.8.0/ ... enable.sh ... jb ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
On 7/25/12 2:42 PM, jb wrote:
Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes:
...
I notice it also exists on FreeBSD as /usr/ports/security/snoopy .
However I face several problems with it, mainly it doesn't seem to log
anything.
As per the README, I have added /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so to
/etc/ld.so.preload
I'm not even sure this file is used on BSD ?
...
/usr/ports/security/snoopy]# make clean; make
...
# ls work/snoopy-1.8.0/
...
enable.sh
...
jb
Well that's my problem exactly, really.
1/ the enable script won't work and will always return an error,
requiring a manual activation
2/ even once enabled, snoopy doesn't get loaded because
/etc/ld.so.preload is not used on FBSD apparently
3/ even when enabled with setenv LD_PRELOAD /usr/local/lib/snoopy.so,
snoopy won't return any log
From config.h:
/* Syslog facility to use */
#define SNOOPY_SYSLOG_FACILITY LOG_AUTHPRIV
/* Syslog level to use */
#define SNOOPY_SYSLOG_LEVEL LOG_INFO
From my syslog.conf:
auth.info;authpriv.info /var/log/auth.log
Yet I'm seeing not a trail in /var/log/auth.log , or messages, or even
in secure
I have however validated that snoopy.so is called, as per the following:
# truss ls /dev/null
[snip]
open(/usr/local/lib/snoopy.so,O_RDONLY,031)= 2 (0x2)
fstat(2,{ mode=-r-xr-xr-x ,inode=548761,size=6952,blksize=16384 }) = 0 (0x0)
fstatfs(0x2,0x7fffe220,0x19,0x0,0x80080053a068,0x0) = 0 (0x0)
pread(0x2,0x80063e2a0,0x1000,0x0,0x80080053a068,0x0) = 4096 (0x1000)
mmap(0x0,1056768,PROT_NONE,MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON|MAP_NOCORE,-1,0x0) =
34366341120 (0x80064c000)
mmap(0x80064c000,8192,PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC,MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_NOCORE,2,0x0)
= 34366341120 (0x80064c000)
mmap(0x80074d000,4096,PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED,2,0x1000)
= 34367393792 (0x80074d000)
close(2) = 0 (0x0)
And still no logs...
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Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
Peter Boosten wrote: Have you ever considered the audit function of FreeBSD? Does it really log user commands? At best, it logs executed processes. -- Victor Sudakov, VAS4-RIPE, VAS47-RIPN sip:suda...@sibptus.tomsk.ru ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes: ... From my syslog.conf: auth.info;authpriv.info /var/log/auth.log Yet I'm seeing not a trail in /var/log/auth.log , or messages, or even in secure ... # less /var/log/auth.log Feb 22 21:13:56 localhost newsyslog[1503]: logfile first created Feb 22 21:14:07 localhost login: login on ttyv0 as jb Feb 22 21:14:15 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/ttyv0 ... Jul 25 15:23:48 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/pts/3 Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50059]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50060]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/grep]: grep -c ^/usr/local/lib//snoopy.so /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:52:29 localhost snoopy[50145]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log Jul 25 17:54:03 localhost snoopy[50148]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch test1 Jul 25 17:54:08 localhost snoopy[50149]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log [root@localhost /home/jb]# jb ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Securituy - logging of user commands
On 25 Jul 2012, at 18:15, jb jb.1234a...@gmail.com wrote: Damien Fleuriot ml at my.gd writes: ... From my syslog.conf: auth.info;authpriv.info /var/log/auth.log Yet I'm seeing not a trail in /var/log/auth.log , or messages, or even in secure ... # less /var/log/auth.log Feb 22 21:13:56 localhost newsyslog[1503]: logfile first created Feb 22 21:14:07 localhost login: login on ttyv0 as jb Feb 22 21:14:15 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/ttyv0 ... Jul 25 15:23:48 localhost su: jb to root on /dev/pts/3 Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50059]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:25:05 localhost snoopy[50060]: [uid:0 sid:45449 tty:/dev/pts/2 cwd:/usr/ports/security/snoopy filename:/usr/bin/grep]: grep -c ^/usr/local/lib//snoopy.so /etc/ld.so.preload Jul 25 17:52:29 localhost snoopy[50145]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log Jul 25 17:54:03 localhost snoopy[50148]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/touch]: touch test1 Jul 25 17:54:08 localhost snoopy[50149]: [uid:0 sid:46687 tty:/dev/pts/3 cwd:/usr/home/jb filename:/usr/bin/less]: less /var/log/auth.log [root@localhost /home/jb]# jb Thanks for taking the time to show me it works, at least for you. What fbsd and snoopy version might these be ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Ports-Related Commands Hanging After 9.0 Upgrade
Hi all, Forgive me if this is a repeat topic. I'd appreciate it if somebody could point me to the answer. I recently upgraded to 9.0 on my server, but since then a lot of ports-related commands (portupgrade, pkg_version, portsnap, etc.) just hang when I try to execute them. I'm not even really sure where to begin troubleshooting. Has anybody else seen this behavior? -- Sam Jones samjones1...@gmail.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Ports-Related Commands Hanging After 9.0 Upgrade
On Fri, 25 May 2012 13:33:29 -0400 Sam Jones samjones1...@gmail.com wrote: Hi all, Forgive me if this is a repeat topic. I'd appreciate it if somebody could point me to the answer. I recently upgraded to 9.0 on my server, but since then a lot of ports-related commands (portupgrade, pkg_version, portsnap, etc.) just hang when I try to execute them. I'm not even really sure where to begin troubleshooting. Has anybody else seen this behavior? Upgrading world leads to many system libs being updated, too. When ports are dependant on these, a recompile of these ports might help. If you need/want to be sure, sysutils/bsdadminscripts is supposed to contain a script to check for broken shared libs system-wide and a ldd(1) on the binary you are trying to run will spit out some libraries you can the try to find(1). Hope to have been of some help, cheers, Christopher ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: The results of your email commands
I saw that the usb device is like a scsi da so now I am trying this: # mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0 /mnt/usb mount_msdosfs: /dev/da0: Invalid argument now what? how I have to refered on my usb device? I do not understand a word here! thanx! 2011/11/19 owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org The results of your email command are provided below. Attached is your original message. - Results: Ignoring non-text/plain MIME parts - Unprocessed: doing the follow: First I am giving: mkdir mnt/usb and then I am giving: mount -t msdos /dev/usb /mnt/usb but I am seeing this on my screen: mount: Using -t msdosfs, since -t msdos is deprecated. mount_msdosfs: /dev/usb: Block device required I also trying: mount -t msdosfs /dev/usb /mnt/usb But I am getting the same message: mount_msdosfs: /dev/usb: Block device required Any suggestions please? Because I am lost here, I have NO idea... Thanx! - Done. -- Messaggio inoltrato -- From: thanos trompoukis atr0...@gmail.com To: freebsd-questions-requ...@freebsd.org Date: Sat, 19 Nov 2011 17:33:09 +0200 Subject: Can't mount usb disk Hi, I have freebsd 8.2 and I am trying to mount an external usb disk doing the follow: First I am giving: mkdir mnt/usb and then I am giving: mount -t msdos /dev/usb /mnt/usb but I am seeing this on my screen: mount: Using -t msdosfs, since -t msdos is deprecated. mount_msdosfs: /dev/usb: Block device required I also trying: mount -t msdosfs /dev/usb /mnt/usb But I am getting the same message: mount_msdosfs: /dev/usb: Block device required Any suggestions please? Because I am lost here, I have NO idea... Thanx! ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: The results of your email commands
On Sun, 20 Nov 2011 13:17:23 +0200, thanos trompoukis wrote: I saw that the usb device is like a scsi da so now I am trying this: # mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0 /mnt/usb mount_msdosfs: /dev/da0: Invalid argument now what? how I have to refered on my usb device? I do not understand a word here! Depending on he partitioning of the USB media, it's possible to access /dev/da0s1 instead of /dev/da0. The command # fdisk da0 lists the partitioning information. According to the example above, you can # mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt/usb There is a section in the FreeBSD Handbook discussing the topic of how to access MS-DOS formatted media per USB. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: The results of your email commands
From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org Sun Nov 20 05:44:42 2011 Date: Sun, 20 Nov 2011 13:17:23 +0200 From: thanos trompoukis atr0...@gmail.com To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: The results of your email commands I saw that the usb device is like a scsi da so now I am trying this: # mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0 /mnt/usb mount_msdosfs: /dev/da0: Invalid argument now what? how I have to refered on my usb device? I do not understand a word here! The following is a 'catch *everything*' approch. There are less-drastic ways, bud you don't provide enough information to determine what short-cuts are possible. *FIRST* _shut_down_ the machine. Next, remove the USB device. Now, turn on the machine and boot into FreeBSD. Do an 'ls -l' of the /dev directory. save the output to a file in your home directory. Plug in the USB device. Did you get system log and/or console messages about a new USB device? (if not, you may be missing USB device suport from the kernel0 Again, do an 'ls -l' of the /dev directoy. Save the output to a *differnt* file in your home directory. Look for device entries that are mentioned in _this_ list, that are *not* in the list you got when the USB device was not connected. *THOSE* are the possible devices for the 'mount' command you are trying. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
bash can not find most of my commands
Hi,
I have changed my shell from csh to bash ...
But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot.
How can I change that without changing the shell. :)
my /root/.profile:
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
HOME=/root
export HOME
TERM=${TERM:-cons25}
export TERM
PAGER=more
export PAGER
Regards,
Alokat
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Re: bash can not find most of my commands
2011-02-22 17:40, Alokat skrev:
Hi,
I have changed my shell from csh to bash ...
Why?
Do you use root as your regular login?
But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot.
How can I change that without changing the shell. :)
my /root/.profile:
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
HOME=/root
export HOME
TERM=${TERM:-cons25}
export TERM
PAGER=more
export PAGER
Regards,
Alokat
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Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On 02/22/11 17:44, Rolf Nielsen wrote:
2011-02-22 17:40, Alokat skrev:
Hi,
I have changed my shell from csh to bash ...
Why?
Do you use root as your regular login?
But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot.
How can I change that without changing the shell. :)
my /root/.profile:
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
HOME=/root
export HOME
TERM=${TERM:-cons25}
export TERM
PAGER=more
export PAGER
Regards,
Alokat
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It's just for example ... :)
I have a non root login for regular stuff.
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Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On 22/02/2011 16:40, Alokat wrote: Hi, I have changed my shell from csh to bash ... But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot. How can I change that without changing the shell. :) don't change your root shell! csh is in the base system so is safe and will always* work, bash is a port and gets updated regularly, there's been at least one occasion when my bash upgrade failed and i couln't login as root. very frustrating.. I just get used to changing to bash after that, much safer! Paul. -- - Paul Macdonald IFDNRG Ltd Web and video hosting - t: 0131 5548070 m: 07534206249 e: p...@ifdnrg.com w: http://www.ifdnrg.com - IFDNRG 40 Maritime Street Edinburgh EH6 6SA - ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
2011-02-22 17:47, Alokat skrev:
On 02/22/11 17:44, Rolf Nielsen wrote:
2011-02-22 17:40, Alokat skrev:
Hi,
I have changed my shell from csh to bash ...
Why?
Do you use root as your regular login?
But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot.
How can I change that without changing the shell. :)
my /root/.profile:
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
HOME=/root
export HOME
TERM=${TERM:-cons25}
export TERM
PAGER=more
export PAGER
Regards,
Alokat
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It's just for example ... :)
I have a non root login for regular stuff.
To me the .profile looks ok, and I can't really say why it doesn't work.
However, do not use a shell that's not in the base system for root. Some
would point security issues, but I don't know much about those when it
comes to bash, however, if you need to boot into single user, you may
get into troubles with a shell not in base.
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Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On 02/22/11 17:49, Paul Macdonald wrote: On 22/02/2011 16:40, Alokat wrote: Hi, I have changed my shell from csh to bash ... But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot. How can I change that without changing the shell. :) don't change your root shell! csh is in the base system so is safe and will always* work, bash is a port and gets updated regularly, there's been at least one occasion when my bash upgrade failed and i couln't login as root. very frustrating.. I just get used to changing to bash after that, much safer! Paul. Paul has satisfied me. I have changed back to csh. Thank for help. Regards, alokat ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
Alokat wrote: On 02/22/11 17:49, Paul Macdonald wrote: On 22/02/2011 16:40, Alokat wrote: Hi, I have changed my shell from csh to bash ... But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot. How can I change that without changing the shell. :) don't change your root shell! csh is in the base system so is safe and will always* work, bash is a port and gets updated regularly, there's been at least one occasion when my bash upgrade failed and i couln't login as root. very frustrating.. I just get used to changing to bash after that, much safer! Paul. Paul has satisfied me. I have changed back to csh. Thank for help. Regards, alokat And if you use bash after login or anytime, your original problem remains. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 12:08:30PM -0500, Randy Ramsdell thus spake: Alokat wrote: On 02/22/11 17:49, Paul Macdonald wrote: On 22/02/2011 16:40, Alokat wrote: Hi, I have changed my shell from csh to bash ... But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot. How can I change that without changing the shell. :) don't change your root shell! csh is in the base system so is safe and will always* work, bash is a port and gets updated regularly, there's been at least one occasion when my bash upgrade failed and i couln't login as root. very frustrating.. I just get used to changing to bash after that, much safer! Paul. Paul has satisfied me. I have changed back to csh. Thank for help. Regards, alokat And if you use bash after login or anytime, your original problem remains. This has to do with your path, and it is known good practice to use full paths, as well. -jgh ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, 22 Feb 2011, Alokat wrote: Paul has satisfied me. I have changed back to csh. If you want to run as root and use bash, well, that is what the user toor is for (examine master.passwd -- use vipw to edit master.passwd to enter a password for toor and the path to bash for toor, but set EDITOR first if you are not comfortable with vi). If you activate toor, you can log in as toor, use bash, and yet you are root (try whoami as toor). This preserves the root login for emergencies when /usr may not be mounted. -- Lars Eighner http://www.larseighner.com/index.html 8800 N IH35 APT 1191 AUSTIN TX 78753-5266 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, 22 Feb 2011, Paul Macdonald wrote: On 22/02/2011 16:40, Alokat wrote: Hi, I have changed my shell from csh to bash ... But after that I have to call reboot like /sbin/reboot. How can I change that without changing the shell. :) don't change your root shell! csh is in the base system so is safe and will always* work, bash is a port and gets updated regularly, there's been at least one occasion when my bash upgrade failed and i couln't login as root. very frustrating.. I just get used to changing to bash after that, much safer! Consider running bash from .cshrc. Less breakable than changing root's shell, but still kind of automatic. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 05:58:22PM +0100, Alokat wrote: Paul has satisfied me. I have changed back to csh. Your system should have a toor account as well. It is just a second root account, whose essential purpose is to provide a root account that you can fiddle with to your heart's content without endangering the main root account. Note that the toor account can break things on the system just as much as the root account; if you break the toor account itself, though, you still have access to the main root account to get yourself out of trouble. Thus, if you *really* want a superuser account with bash as its default shell, you can always use toor for that purpose. I don't much see the point in setting a superuser account to use bash anyway -- or any other account, really -- but the option is there if you must have it. Just don't change the shell for the root account itself that way; it's bad for you, with lots of fatty calories, preservatives, artificial sweeteners, and other stuff your body should not be ingesting on a regular basis. -- Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ] pgpQg5oXnDcAV.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 9:53 AM, Chad Perrin per...@apotheon.com wrote: Thus, if you *really* want a superuser account with bash as its default shell, you can always use toor for that purpose. I don't much see the point in setting a superuser account to use bash anyway -- or any other account, really -- but the option is there if you must have it. It turns out auto-completion with hinting and command history searching are pretty addictive if you're used to having them. :) Personally, I usually just use sudo, or run bash as my first command after gaining root powers. But it's very interesting to finally find out what toor is for. I'd always wondered. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 10:07:54AM -0800, David Brodbeck wrote: On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 9:53 AM, Chad Perrin per...@apotheon.com wrote: It turns out auto-completion with hinting and command history searching are pretty addictive if you're used to having them. :) I have auto-completion, and I know my environment well enough that hints aren't generally helpful. Personally, I usually just use sudo, or run bash as my first command after gaining root powers. But it's very interesting to finally find out what toor is for. I'd always wondered. Glad to be of some help. Just do us all a favor; don't write code in bash. Use Bourne shell (sh, not bash), or a real programming language (Perl, Ruby, Python, whatever). The bash option essentially tries to capture the power of such real languages, but does a very bad job of it -- and gives up the nigh-universal portability across Unix-like systems to do so. It's the worst of all worlds. -- Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ] pgpwBJdOKArNp.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 12:39 PM, Chad Perrin per...@apotheon.com wrote: Just do us all a favor; don't write code in bash. Yeah, I try to avoid bash-specific syntax unless it's for one-off scripts. csh suffers the same kinds of problems; I only write csh code under extreme duress, like when forced to maintain the system-wide csh.login script. ;) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 01:10:20PM -0800, David Brodbeck wrote: Yeah, I try to avoid bash-specific syntax unless it's for one-off scripts. csh suffers the same kinds of problems; I only write csh code under extreme duress, like when forced to maintain the system-wide csh.login script. ;) I often use tcsh as an interactive shell, but I do not use it for shell scripts. -- Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ] pgpW4w3idg6aw.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: bash can not find most of my commands
Quoth David Brodbeck on Tuesday, 22 February 2011: On Tue, Feb 22, 2011 at 12:39 PM, Chad Perrin per...@apotheon.com wrote: Just do us all a favor; don't write code in bash. What's with all the bash bashing? Sorry, couldn't resist. Yeah, I try to avoid bash-specific syntax unless it's for one-off scripts. csh suffers the same kinds of problems; I only write csh code under extreme duress, like when forced to maintain the system-wide csh.login script. ;) At least sh scripts will execute correctly under bash -- they don't always under csh/tcsh. I like zsh for a command-line shell, but when writing scripts for general usage I stick with the sh-compatibile subset of capabilities, and I enforce that on myself with the #!/bin/sh shebang. If I need more than what that can gracefully do, I usually run to the arms of Ruby. -- Sterling (Chip) Camden | sterl...@camdensoftware.com | 2048D/3A978E4F http://chipsquips.com | http://camdensoftware.com | http://chipstips.com pgpISYvMSTcjg.pgp Description: PGP signature
Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
Hi all, I'm having some problems with a bash script. It's a backup script that periodically checks if a list of systems is online, and if so, uses samba to mount a specified list of shares, rsyncs them to a local directory and unmounts again. This used to run fine till a few months ago (I don't know what the trigger was that caused them to first fail). Now, when the script is run, it gives the following error when mounting the shares: mount_smbfs: can't get handle to requester (no /dev/nsmb* device) Which is strange, as there are (by last count) 1170 /dev/nsmb* devices in /dev/ (is that normal?) Searching the internet, FreeBSD and Samba mailing lists gave me no recent info, and the old info wasn't helpful. I've narrowed it down to the point where I think it's caused by one process trying to open two (or more) shares at the same time. (a simple script mounting two shares gives the same error). I can mount the shares from the command line without problems, it's only in the bash script it gives me problems. ~/.nsmbrc and /etc/nsmb.conf are correct, smbd, nmbd and winbindd are running. The system is FreeBSD 8.0 Stable. Anyone got any suggestions? Regards, Bernard ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
On Thu, 02 Sep 2010 10:24:05 +0200 Bernard Scharp freebsd-questi...@itsacon.net articulated: Hi all, I'm having some problems with a bash script. It's a backup script that periodically checks if a list of systems is online, and if so, uses samba to mount a specified list of shares, rsyncs them to a local directory and unmounts again. This used to run fine till a few months ago (I don't know what the trigger was that caused them to first fail). Now, when the script is run, it gives the following error when mounting the shares: mount_smbfs: can't get handle to requester (no /dev/nsmb* device) Which is strange, as there are (by last count) 1170 /dev/nsmb* devices in /dev/ (is that normal?) Searching the internet, FreeBSD and Samba mailing lists gave me no recent info, and the old info wasn't helpful. I've narrowed it down to the point where I think it's caused by one process trying to open two (or more) shares at the same time. (a simple script mounting two shares gives the same error). I can mount the shares from the command line without problems, it's only in the bash script it gives me problems. ~/.nsmbrc and /etc/nsmb.conf are correct, smbd, nmbd and winbindd are running. The system is FreeBSD 8.0 Stable. Anyone got any suggestions? Could you post the script? Anything else would be pure guess work. You also might consider posting this on the BASH mail forum: bug-b...@gnu.org although you might have to subscribe first: http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/bug-bash -- Jerry ✌ freebsd.u...@seibercom.net Disclaimer: off-list followups get on-list replies or get ignored. Please do not ignore the Reply-To header. __ Vital papers will demonstrate their vitality by spontaneously moving from where you left them to where you can't find them. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
Could you post the script? Anything else would be pure guess work. You Well, I can recreate it with something as simple as: #!/usr/local/bin/bash mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share1/ /tmp/mnt/ mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share2/ /tmp/mnt2/ also might consider posting this on the BASH mail forum: bug-b...@gnu.org although you might have to subscribe first: http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/bug-bash I'l look into that, (though I doubt this is a bash issue). Thanks! Bernard ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
On Thu, 02 Sep 2010 14:02:35 +0200, Bernard Scharp
freebsd-questi...@itsacon.net wrote:
Could you post the script? Anything else would be pure guess work. You
Well, I can recreate it with something as simple as:
#!/usr/local/bin/bash
mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share1/ /tmp/mnt/
mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share2/ /tmp/mnt2/
Excuse me, it may just be a stupid question... but... why do
you use bash for this purpose? Do you require any special
bash feature that cannot be done using the standard shell,
sh? I often see the urge to use bash for scripting as a
typical Linuxism, which is usually non-portable (if that
was your goal). FreeBSD's standard scripting shell is sh,
so why not use it until you reach the ends of its functionality?
Just a guess, regarding your initial question, as I don't have
experience with Windows related things: Did you have the
chance to monitor correct operations of your script in the
past? Did the mound and umount (!) calls work properly? Have
you checked your commands running them in the standard dialog
shell (csh)? I assume you're running them as root (or at least
with sufficient permissions), so I don't think the problem
is there, as the error message
mount_smbfs: can't get handle to requester (no /dev/nsmb* device)
doesn't look like refering to that problem.
The error message originates from /usr/src/contrib/smbfs/lib/smb/ctx.c;
having a look around, and remembering that you said
[...] there are (by last count) 1170 /dev/nsmb* devices
in /dev/ (is that normal?)
I found smb_ctx_gethandle() near line 600 (version 7 OS here):
/*
* well, no clone capabilities available - we have to scan
* all devices in order to get free one
*/
for (i = 0; i 1024; i++) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), /dev/%s%d, NSMB_NAME, i);
fd = open(buf, O_RDWR);
if (fd = 0) {
ctx-ct_fd = fd;
return 0;
}
}
The limit seems to be 1024, if I read that correctly - allthough
I'm considered a C hacker, I'm no OS-level C hacker. :-)
Afterwards, smb_ctx_lookup() fails and gives the error message
mentioned earlier.
Remove the /dev/nsmb* devices and try again. Make sure no other
SMB stuff is currently mounted, just to be sure, as I don't have
any idea what could fail.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
On 02/09/2010 15:29, Polytropon wrote:
On Thu, 02 Sep 2010 14:02:35 +0200, Bernard Scharp
freebsd-questi...@itsacon.net wrote:
Could you post the script? Anything else would be pure guess work. You
Well, I can recreate it with something as simple as:
#!/usr/local/bin/bash
mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share1/ /tmp/mnt/
mount_smbfs //u...@remotehost/share2/ /tmp/mnt2/
Excuse me, it may just be a stupid question... but... why do
you use bash for this purpose? Do you require any special
bash feature that cannot be done using the standard shell,
sh? I often see the urge to use bash for scripting as a
typical Linuxism, which is usually non-portable (if that
was your goal). FreeBSD's standard scripting shell is sh,
so why not use it until you reach the ends of its functionality?
The script above is a (heavily) reduced version, used to isolate the
problem. The real script is much longer, and uses a bunch of logic to
walk through a list of different systems (each with their own lists of
shares, loaded from external files), taking snapshots of the previous
backup, logging which systems were backed up, rolling back operations if
a backup fails, etc.
Just a guess, regarding your initial question, as I don't have
experience with Windows related things: Did you have the
chance to monitor correct operations of your script in the
past? Did the mound and umount (!) calls work properly? Have
you checked your commands running them in the standard dialog
shell (csh)? I assume you're running them as root (or at least
with sufficient permissions), so I don't think the problem
is there, as the error message
mount_smbfs: can't get handle to requester (no /dev/nsmb* device)
doesn't look like refering to that problem.
I am running it as root, and I just tried running the (test)script
(without the bash reference) under a csh shell, and got the same error,
so it's not a bash problem.
As for monitoring the operations of the script, it has worked fine
before (for several years), so I'm pretty sure the code is correct.
The error message originates from /usr/src/contrib/smbfs/lib/smb/ctx.c;
having a look around, and remembering that you said
[...] there are (by last count) 1170 /dev/nsmb* devices
in /dev/ (is that normal?)
I found smb_ctx_gethandle() near line 600 (version 7 OS here):
/*
* well, no clone capabilities available - we have to scan
* all devices in order to get free one
*/
for (i = 0; i 1024; i++) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), /dev/%s%d, NSMB_NAME, i);
fd = open(buf, O_RDWR);
if (fd = 0) {
ctx-ct_fd = fd;
return 0;
}
}
The limit seems to be 1024, if I read that correctly - allthough
I'm considered a C hacker, I'm no OS-level C hacker. :-)
Neither am I. Hadn't even thought of grepping in /usr/src for the error
message :-)
Afterwards, smb_ctx_lookup() fails and gives the error message
mentioned earlier.
Remove the /dev/nsmb* devices and try again. Make sure no other
SMB stuff is currently mounted, just to be sure, as I don't have
any idea what could fail.
Can I just `rm /dev/nsmbX` them? (messing in /dev/ is a level of FreeBSD
I'm not familiar with)
Thanks for all your help!
Bernard
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Re: Multiple mount_smbfs commands fail in bash script
On Thu, 02 Sep 2010 15:52:25 +0200, Bernard Scharp freebsd-questi...@itsacon.net wrote: Neither am I. Hadn't even thought of grepping in /usr/src for the error message :-) It's often a good starting point to see where problems might be caused from. Can I just `rm /dev/nsmbX` them? (messing in /dev/ is a level of FreeBSD I'm not familiar with) Yes, I would guess so. The content of /dev/ is dynamically generated since FreeBSD 5, if I remember correctly. As the nsmb nodes don't seem to be in use any longer, it would be no problem to remove them. The mount_smbfs program will generate them if needed. Just as an addition: After your script successfully performed the operations needing the mounted SMB shares, it could remove the corresponding device files. Still, this looks like a bug to me, a can't image anybody needs more than 1024 of them kind of bug. I would have imagined that IF a program needs files in a temporary way, it removes them after use. Just to be sure, unmount all SMB related things, as I can't predict what would happen if a nsmb device disappears when in use. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Howto run privileged commands on login/logout
On Sun, 07 Feb 2010 01:55:02 +0100, Erik Norgaard norga...@locolomo.org wrote: Hi: I'm playing around with diskless operation. I'd like to be able to run privileged commands when a user logins or logs out: You can handle this in two ways: a) On a per-user basis, you can use the user's ~/.login and ~/.logout files; those are corresponding to the C Shell, and assuming that csh is the dialog shell for the user. b) On an all-users basis, you can use /etc/csh.login and /etc/csh.logout to have all users perform the commands you want to run. - on login, nfs mount the user's home directory (ok, not critical, I can mount /home) As it has already been mentioned, it is easy to use amd and / or automounter tool for that. - on logout a system reboot to clean up any temporary files left from the session. A system reboot? To clean up temporary files? Caused by an ordinary user? Excuse me, Sir, what strange country are you from? :-) Honestly, that's not neccessary. If you want to make sure that all temporary files belonging to a specific user are deleted upon user logout, you can simply let him do it by his ~/.logout script, e. g. using rm -rf /tmp; this might sound very violent, but it will only delete the user's files from the /tmp subtree. There are very few occassions you HAVE to reboot a BSD machine. Cleaning temporary files is *not* one of them, especially if you don't have clear_tmp_enable set to YES in /etc/rc.conf. If temporary files are left in other directories you know of, you can clean them as well. Is this possible, without messing arround with sudo or adding users to wheel or operator groups? Of course. You can edit the permissions for the programs you explicitely want to allow ordinary users to run, e. g. the /sbin/shutdown binary. A sidenote: If we're talking about X, the GiveConsole and TakeConsole in /usr/local/lib/X11/xdm/ can be used. Those are shell scripts that allow chown'ing and chmod'ing files to specific users, as well as other things. I know that a problem may occur when multiple users log in. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Howto run privileged commands on login/logout
Hi: I'm playing around with diskless operation. I'd like to be able to run privileged commands when a user logins or logs out: - on login, nfs mount the user's home directory (ok, not critical, I can mount /home) - on logout a system reboot to clean up any temporary files left from the session. Is this possible, without messing arround with sudo or adding users to wheel or operator groups? Thanks, Erik -- Erik Nørgaard Ph: +34.666334818/+34.915211157 http://www.locolomo.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Howto run privileged commands on login/logout
On Sat, Feb 6, 2010 at 4:55 PM, Erik Norgaard norga...@locolomo.org wrote: Hi: I'm playing around with diskless operation. I'd like to be able to run privileged commands when a user logins or logs out: - on login, nfs mount the user's home directory (ok, not critical, I can mount /home) - on logout a system reboot to clean up any temporary files left from the session. Not sure if it would work or not but you could try setting /etc/csh.logout setuid root (or whatever). However, IIRC, there are security concerns with setuid scripts (I remember previous list discussions about setuid shell scripts but don't remember what the verdict was). -- Rob Farmer Is this possible, without messing arround with sudo or adding users to wheel or operator groups? Thanks, Erik -- Erik Nørgaard Ph: +34.666334818/+34.915211157 http://www.locolomo.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Howto run privileged commands on login/logout
On Sunday 07 February 2010 01:55:02 Erik Norgaard wrote: I'm playing around with diskless operation. I'd like to be able to run privileged commands when a user logins or logs out: - on login, nfs mount the user's home directory (ok, not critical, I can mount /home) This can be done using amd(8). Check out the example section in amd.conf(5). - on logout a system reboot to clean up any temporary files left from the session. Not sure why you would want to reboot the entire system but simply doing chmod +s /sbin/shutdown should give all users access to the shutdown(8) command. Is this possible, without messing arround with sudo or adding users to wheel or operator groups? -- Pieter de Goeje ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Howto run privileged commands on login/logout
Erik Norgaard norga...@locolomo.org wrote: I'm playing around with diskless operation. I'd like to be able to run privileged commands when a user logins or logs out: - on login, nfs mount the user's home directory (ok, not critical, I can mount /home) Or, better yet, use an automounter. - on logout a system reboot to clean up any temporary files left from the session. I'm not aware of any existing, simple method to handle this part. It might not be all that difficult to hack something into getty(8) or init(8). Another possibility would be to clean /tmp and /var/tmp in the .logout script, which should not require any special privs. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
FreeBSD commands... refcard
Hello, In some Linux mailing list of Cuba I'm subscribed to, I just stumbled over this Debian GNU/Linux Reference Card: http://xinocat.com/refcard/ which is available in many languages. This would be very helpfull for my wife which 'must' ( :-)) run FreeBSD on her laptop. Is there something like this for FreeBSD, and even in Spanish? Thanks matthias -- Matthias Apitz t +49-89-61308 351 - f +49-89-61308 399 - m +49-170-4527211 e g...@unixarea.de - w http://www.unixarea.de/ People who hate Microsoft Windows use Linux but people who love UNIX use FreeBSD. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD commands... refcard
Matthias Apitz wrote: Hello, In some Linux mailing list of Cuba I'm subscribed to, I just stumbled over this Debian GNU/Linux Reference Card: http://xinocat.com/refcard/ which is available in many languages. This would be very helpfull for my wife which 'must' ( :-)) run FreeBSD on her laptop. Is there something like this for FreeBSD, and even in Spanish? Thanks matthias It wouldn't be difficult to do something similar. Looking at the Greek version of the debian card, most commands are basic ones with similar function in FreeBSD. We could replace the apt-get section with commands from the ports system and pkg_* and the /etc/init.d/ section with /etc/rc.d and /usr/local/etc/rc.d. I'll try to make up an initial English version this weekend. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD commands... refcard
El día Friday, September 11, 2009 a las 12:21:41PM +0300, Manolis Kiagias escribió: Matthias Apitz wrote: Hello, In some Linux mailing list of Cuba I'm subscribed to, I just stumbled over this Debian GNU/Linux Reference Card: http://xinocat.com/refcard/ which is available in many languages. This would be very helpfull for my wife which 'must' ( :-)) run FreeBSD on her laptop. Is there something like this for FreeBSD, and even in Spanish? Thanks matthias It wouldn't be difficult to do something similar. Looking at the Greek version of the debian card, most commands are basic ones with similar function in FreeBSD. We could replace the apt-get section with commands from the ports system and pkg_* and the /etc/init.d/ section with /etc/rc.d and /usr/local/etc/rc.d. I'll try to make up an initial English version this weekend. That would be very fine; please, can you describe also what software from the ports one must use for Of course, you may alter the reference card to you needs and create a cusomised refcard. You need to apt-get install the following packages first: docbook-xsl, pdfjam, pdftk, po4a, xmlroff, poppler-utils, and xsltproc. I'd be more than happy to make a Spanish and German translation of it. matthias -- Matthias Apitz t +49-89-61308 351 - f +49-89-61308 399 - m +49-170-4527211 e g...@unixarea.de - w http://www.unixarea.de/ People who hate Microsoft Windows use Linux but people who love UNIX use FreeBSD. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD commands... refcard
On Fri, Sep 11, 2009 at 8:30 AM, Matthias Apitz g...@unixarea.de wrote: In some Linux mailing list of Cuba I'm subscribed to, I just stumbled over this Debian GNU/Linux Reference Card: http://xinocat.com/refcard/ which is available in many languages. This would be very helpfull for my wife which 'must' ( :-)) run FreeBSD on her laptop. Is there something like this for FreeBSD, and even in Spanish? Thanks Not quite the same, but have a look at the Rosetta Stone for Unix: http://bhami.com/rosetta.html /JMS ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD commands... refcard
Matthias Apitz wrote: Hello, In some Linux mailing list of Cuba I'm subscribed to, I just stumbled over this Debian GNU/Linux Reference Card: http://xinocat.com/refcard/ which is available in many languages. This would be very helpfull for my wife which 'must' ( :-)) run FreeBSD on her laptop. Is there something like this for FreeBSD, and even in Spanish? Thanks matthias ### Aloha Matthias, I have one of the cards for Unix (Generic) I have seen them in Drug (Pharmacia) Stores in several countries I have been to, Canada and Argentina for 2) for all sorts of how to's. Not just computers. I have seen English and Spanish language. The manufacturer of the UNIX one is Bar Charts of Boca Raton Fla, www.quickstudycharts.com ot www.barcharts.com Happy coaching. -- ~Al Plant - Honolulu, Hawaii - Phone: 808-284-2740 + http://hawaiidakine.com + http://freebsdinfo.org + + http://aloha50.net - Supporting - FreeBSD 6.* - 7.* - 8.* + email: n...@hdk5.net All that's really worth doing is what we do for others.- Lewis Carrol ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Friday 06 February 2009 02:55, Chris Whitehouse wrote:
I think you should be able to do it with a combination of -prune and
-delete (or -exec rm -rf {} \; ) on a find command. Substitute your
other commands for rm -rf in the -exec above.
I would give you a working example except I can't figure out the syntax
for -prune. Examples from google don't seem to work in (my) FreeBSD.
[skip to the end for a simple answer without the lengthy exposition]
find(1) can be confusing, especially if you think of the ``actions''
( -print, -exec and -delete plus their variants like -ls and -ok ) as
something different from the ``tests'' ( -name and so on), or if you don't
take account of the evaluation order.
A find expression comprises a number of what the manpage calls primaries, each
of which evaluates as true or false. (It may also have a side-effect,
like -print whose side-effect is to print the name). Primaries can be
combined with -and (which is usually implied) or -or. Where -and and -or both
occur, find will group the -anded primaries together before evaluation.
Taking one of your examples below,
find . -print -or -prune -name dir1
this is grouped as
find . -print -or \( -prune -and -name dir1 \)
find will then evaluate the whole expression from left to right for each
pathname in the tree it's looking at, stopping within each set of (implied)
parentheses and within the overall expression as soon as it can determine
truth or falsehood. (This is what's referred to in programming as
short-circuiting in boolean expressions).
If primaries are linked by -and, find can stop at the first one that's false,
knowing the expression is false; if they're linked by -or it can stop at the
first one that's true, knowing the expression is true. Otherwise it has to
evaluate the whole expression.
Before it does this, though, find checks for side-effects. If there isn't a
side-effect anywhere in your expression, find will put brackets round the
whole expression and a -print after it.
Looking at your examples:
chr...@pcbsd% find .
(No expression). Find adds a -print, so this is the same as the next one:
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
-print is always true so the expression is true for each name - they get
printed as a side-effect.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune dir1
find: dir1: unknown option
-prune doesn't take an argument, so dir1 is a syntax error.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune -name dir1
find evaluates the print, which prints each name as its side-effect. -print
evaluates as true. Since it's in an -or, find can stop there, so it never
sees the second expression ( -prune -and -name dir1: the -and is implicit).
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -name dir1 -prune
Same again: find stops after the -print which is always true, and ignores
the -name dir1 -and -prune.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -name * -o -name dir1 -prune
None of these primaries has a side-effect, so find rewrites this internally as
find . \( -name * -or -name dir1 -prune \) -print
-name * is always true, so find can ignore everything after the -or up to
the parenthesis. Because the first expression is true, and the parens are
followed by (an implied) -and, find has to evaluate the -print, which is
always true, so the whole expression is always true and it always prints the
name as a side-effect.
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
What you need is an expression with two outcomes: a -prune for some names and
a -print for others. That tells you you need an -or, and the -print must come
after it because it's always true. Before the -or, -prune is always true so
you need some sort of testing primary before the -prune.
That gives you
find . -name dir1 -prune -or -print
Jonathan
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
Jonathan McKeown wrote:
On Friday 06 February 2009 02:55, Chris Whitehouse wrote:
I think you should be able to do it with a combination of -prune and
-delete (or -exec rm -rf {} \; ) on a find command. Substitute your
other commands for rm -rf in the -exec above.
I would give you a working example except I can't figure out the syntax
for -prune. Examples from google don't seem to work in (my) FreeBSD.
[skip to the end for a simple answer without the lengthy exposition]
find(1) can be confusing, especially if you think of the ``actions''
( -print, -exec and -delete plus their variants like -ls and -ok ) as
something different from the ``tests'' ( -name and so on), or if you don't
take account of the evaluation order.
A find expression comprises a number of what the manpage calls primaries, each
of which evaluates as true or false. (It may also have a side-effect,
like -print whose side-effect is to print the name). Primaries can be
combined with -and (which is usually implied) or -or. Where -and and -or both
occur, find will group the -anded primaries together before evaluation.
Taking one of your examples below,
find . -print -or -prune -name dir1
this is grouped as
find . -print -or \( -prune -and -name dir1 \)
find will then evaluate the whole expression from left to right for each
pathname in the tree it's looking at, stopping within each set of (implied)
parentheses and within the overall expression as soon as it can determine
truth or falsehood. (This is what's referred to in programming as
short-circuiting in boolean expressions).
If primaries are linked by -and, find can stop at the first one that's false,
knowing the expression is false; if they're linked by -or it can stop at the
first one that's true, knowing the expression is true. Otherwise it has to
evaluate the whole expression.
Before it does this, though, find checks for side-effects. If there isn't a
side-effect anywhere in your expression, find will put brackets round the
whole expression and a -print after it.
Looking at your examples:
chr...@pcbsd% find .
(No expression). Find adds a -print, so this is the same as the next one:
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
-print is always true so the expression is true for each name - they get
printed as a side-effect.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune dir1
find: dir1: unknown option
-prune doesn't take an argument, so dir1 is a syntax error.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune -name dir1
find evaluates the print, which prints each name as its side-effect. -print
evaluates as true. Since it's in an -or, find can stop there, so it never
sees the second expression ( -prune -and -name dir1: the -and is implicit).
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -name dir1 -prune
Same again: find stops after the -print which is always true, and ignores
the -name dir1 -and -prune.
chr...@pcbsd% find . -name * -o -name dir1 -prune
None of these primaries has a side-effect, so find rewrites this internally as
find . \( -name * -or -name dir1 -prune \) -print
-name * is always true, so find can ignore everything after the -or up to
the parenthesis. Because the first expression is true, and the parens are
followed by (an implied) -and, find has to evaluate the -print, which is
always true, so the whole expression is always true and it always prints the
name as a side-effect.
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
What you need is an expression with two outcomes: a -prune for some names and
a -print for others. That tells you you need an -or, and the -print must come
after it because it's always true. Before the -or, -prune is always true so
you need some sort of testing primary before the -prune.
That gives you
find . -name dir1 -prune -or -print
Jonathan
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Thank you for this excellent answer! Now reading the man page begins to
make sense.
Chris
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
Jaime wrote:
On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 9:35 AM, t-u-t marshc...@gmail.com wrote:
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
I think you should be able to do it with a combination of -prune and
-delete (or -exec rm -rf {} \; ) on a find command. Substitute your
other commands for rm -rf in the -exec above.
I would give you a working example except I can't figure out the syntax
for -prune. Examples from google don't seem to work in (my) FreeBSD.
chr...@pcbsd% find .
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune dir1
find: dir1: unknown option
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune -name dir1
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -name dir1 -prune
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -o -name dir1 -prune
find: -o: no expression before -o
chr...@pcbsd% find . -name * -o -name dir1 -prune
.
./test.mov
./test.mpg
./dir1
./dir1/file1
./dir1/file2
./file3
chr...@pcbsd%
(Please don't tell me to read the man page, I have several times. Even
Aeleen Frisch says it is impenetrable :P)
Chris
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
Chris Whitehouse wrote:
Jaime wrote:
On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 9:35 AM, t-u-t marshc...@gmail.com wrote:
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many
others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a
single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
I think you should be able to do it with a combination of -prune and
-delete (or -exec rm -rf {} \; ) on a find command. Substitute your
other commands for rm -rf in the -exec above.
I would give you a working example except I can't figure out the
syntax for -prune. Examples from google don't seem to work in (my)
FreeBSD.
chr...@pcbsd% find .
..
../test.mov
../test.mpg
../dir1
../dir1/file1
../dir1/file2
../file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print
..
../test.mov
../test.mpg
../dir1
../dir1/file1
../dir1/file2
../file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune dir1
find: dir1: unknown option
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -prune -name dir1
..
../test.mov
../test.mpg
../dir1
../dir1/file1
../dir1/file2
../file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -print -o -name dir1 -prune
..
../test.mov
../test.mpg
../dir1
../dir1/file1
../dir1/file2
../file3
chr...@pcbsd% find . -o -name dir1 -prune
find: -o: no expression before -o
chr...@pcbsd% find . -name * -o -name dir1 -prune
..
../test.mov
../test.mpg
../dir1
../dir1/file1
../dir1/file2
../file3
chr...@pcbsd%
(Please don't tell me to read the man page, I have several times. Even
Aeleen Frisch says it is impenetrable :P)
Chris
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find . \! -name blah -a \! -name blah2 -delete
no?
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shell commands - exclusion
hi, i don't know if this is a freak question, but i was looking around to
see if this is possible, and what the convention would be.
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
operations, like pkg_delete -f * { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
etc..
i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
would be called in the first place.
otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
thanks in advance
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Wed, 4 Feb 2009, t-u-t wrote:
hi, i don't know if this is a freak question, but i was looking around to
see if this is possible, and what the convention would be.
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
In general this is not possible. A few commands have exclusion options, but
not many. Some shells have ways of managing glob exclusion (it's the shell
that expands wildcard patterns). Setting GLOBIGNORE works in BASH, whether
something similar works in others, you will have to investigate yourself.
But that isn't one line as you have to set GLOBIGNORE. BASH also has an
extended pattern matching option which includes negation, so you might want
to look into that.
and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
operations, like pkg_delete -f * { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
etc..
pkg_delete can take regular expression arguments (see -x). Perhaps you
can devise one that will do the trick. Beware, however: it can take
multiple regular expressions and deletes package which match ANY (not all)
of them.
i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
would be called in the first place.
Shell globbing is the operation by which the shell expands wildcards and
finds matches. What you want to do exclude things from shell globbing.
otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
watch out anything involving recursion --- things can happen that you don't
expect unless you really know what you are doing.
--
Lars Eighner
http://www.larseighner.com/index.html
8800 N IH35 APT 1191 AUSTIN TX 78753-5266
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
In the last episode (Feb 04), t-u-t said:
hi, i don't know if this is a freak question, but i was looking around to
see if this is possible, and what the convention would be.
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
zsh has the ^ and ~ glob metacharacters that are enabled with you enable
EXTENDED_GLOB:
^x (Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Matches anything except
the pattern x. This has a higher precedence than `/', so
`^foo/bar' will search directories in `.' except `./foo' for a
file named `bar'.
x~y(Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Match anything that
matches the pattern x but does not match y. This has lower
precedence than any operator except `|', so `*/*~foo/bar' will
search for all files in all directories in `.' and then
exclude `foo/bar' if there was such a match. Multiple
patterns can be excluded by `foo~bar~baz'. In the exclusion
pattern (y), `/' and `.' are not treated specially the way
they usually are in globbing.
and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
operations, like pkg_delete -f * { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
etc..
That wildcard is expanded internally by pkg_delete using the C fnmatch()
function, which just does simple *?[] shell pattern matching.
i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
would be called in the first place.
otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
One workaround is to temporarily move the files you don't want to process
into another directory, then move them back when you're done.
--
Dan Nelson
dnel...@allantgroup.com
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 4:26 PM, Lars Eighner luvbeas...@larseighner.comwrote: In general this is not possible. A few commands have exclusion options, but not many. Some shells have ways of managing glob exclusion (it's the shell that expands wildcard patterns). Setting GLOBIGNORE works in BASH, whether something similar works in others, you will have to investigate yourself. But that isn't one line as you have to set GLOBIGNORE. BASH also has an extended pattern matching option which includes negation, so you might want to look into that. pkg_delete can take regular expression arguments (see -x). Perhaps you can devise one that will do the trick. Beware, however: it can take multiple regular expressions and deletes package which match ANY (not all) of them. Shell globbing is the operation by which the shell expands wildcards and finds matches. What you want to do exclude things from shell globbing. watch out anything involving recursion --- things can happen that you don't expect unless you really know what you are doing. thank you, i can keep to regular painstaking methods for now, but would like to get the hang of it in future;. knowing what i'm looking for now is a big step for me. thanks again ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 4:48 PM, Dan Nelson dnel...@allantgroup.com wrote:
zsh has the ^ and ~ glob metacharacters that are enabled with you enable
EXTENDED_GLOB:
^x (Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Matches anything except
the pattern x. This has a higher precedence than `/', so
`^foo/bar' will search directories in `.' except `./foo' for a
file named `bar'.
x~y(Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Match anything that
matches the pattern x but does not match y. This has lower
precedence than any operator except `|', so `*/*~foo/bar' will
search for all files in all directories in `.' and then
exclude `foo/bar' if there was such a match. Multiple
patterns can be excluded by `foo~bar~baz'. In the exclusion
pattern (y), `/' and `.' are not treated specially the way
they usually are in globbing.
and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
operations, like pkg_delete -f * { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
etc..
That wildcard is expanded internally by pkg_delete using the C fnmatch()
function, which just does simple *?[] shell pattern matching.
i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
would be called in the first place.
otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
One workaround is to temporarily move the files you don't want to process
into another directory, then move them back when you're done.
--
thank you,
i am interested in knowing how to do this stuff in general for simple
operations, since like this workaround would work fine with file
operations, but not for pkg_delete and other commands i can't think of right
now. I was just wondering if there was a commonly used/known method or
*switch* i could look into.
however, form this post i get the impression that it is better( and
worthwhile) to learn to do some proper scripting. say, prepare a list in a
file, then pass each one to the command instead of *.
cheers
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Wed, Feb 04, 2009 at 03:35:52PM +0100, t-u-t wrote:
hi, i don't know if this is a freak question, but i was looking around to
see if this is possible, and what the convention would be.
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
The easiest way would be to move the few files/directories you don't
want to include in your command out of the way first. :-)
and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
operations, like pkg_delete -f * { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
etc..
I don't think so.
If the couple of files you don't want to rm/whatever you could try using
the find(1) command to get all the other files. The find command is a
very good tool to know.
i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
would be called in the first place.
Maybe a stupid question, but do you know how to read manual pages?
E.g. for 'find', just enter the command 'man find' in your shell.
otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
That would be my other suggestion.
Roland
--
R.F.Smith http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 9:35 AM, t-u-t marshc...@gmail.com wrote:
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
I'm just shooting in the dark here, but what about this?
ls | grep -v foo1 | grep -v foo15 | xargs rm -rf
Remember the Unix pipe and the grep and xargs commands. It can
solve a lot of things by stringing together a lot of smaller commands.
I think that this might be one of those situations.
Good luck,
Jaime
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Re: shell commands - exclusion
Lars Eighner wrote:
On Wed, 4 Feb 2009, t-u-t wrote:
hi, i don't know if this is a freak question, but i was looking
around to
see if this is possible, and what the convention would be.
if i have say one (or even two) single file/directories among many
others,
and i want to perform any said function like cp, mv, rm, etc.. , to all
other files except that one or two, is there a way to do that in a
single
command?
e.g
rm -r * {-except foo1 foo15}
In general this is not possible. . . .
Oh yes it is, it is very easy. I've done things like this in unix
environments for years. I also apply it to tar commands all the time.
All you have to do is this:
$ ls rm.in
$ vi rm.in
. . . edit out all the files you don't want to erase . . .
$ rm `cat rm.in`
-Will
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The results of your email commands
The results of your email command are provided below. Attached is your original message. - Results: questi...@freebsd.org is not a member of the Express mailing list - Unprocessed: Greater tool is easy to get T42 Make your love locomotive enter her tunnel on a full speed. http://docs.google.com/View?id=dgrdn7xj_1g97vjxfk AWDJBW3LLL Y9J7AS - Done. ---BeginMessage--- Make your love locomotive enter her tunnel on a full speed. http://docs.google.com/View?id=dgrdn7xj_1g97vjxfk AWDJBW3LLL Y9J7AS ---End Message--- ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
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sudo multiple commands at once without shell script
How do I run multiple sudo commands at once? This fails because the semicolon ends the whole sudo command: sudo whoami; whoami root user This confuses tcsh: monica:~ sudo ( whoami ; whoami ) Badly placed ()'s. I could obviously write a shell script or something or do: sudo whoami; sudo whoami but is there a better way? -- We're just a Bunch Of Regular Guys, a collective group that's trying to understand and assimilate technology. We feel that resistance to new ideas and technology is unwise and ultimately futile. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sudo multiple commands at once without shell script
How do I run multiple sudo commands at once? This fails because the semicolon ends the whole sudo command: sudo whoami; whoami root user This confuses tcsh: monica:~ sudo ( whoami ; whoami ) Badly placed ()'s. Supposing sudo spawns a shell, something like ~ sudo whoami \; whoami or ~ sudo whoami; whoami should work. If not, maybe try explicitly running a shell: ~ sudo sh -c whoami; whoami ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sudo multiple commands at once without shell script
This works for me: sudo sh -c whoami;whoami On Oct 25, 2008, at 9:11 PM, Kelly Jones wrote: How do I run multiple sudo commands at once? This fails because the semicolon ends the whole sudo command: sudo whoami; whoami root user This confuses tcsh: monica:~ sudo ( whoami ; whoami ) Badly placed ()'s. I could obviously write a shell script or something or do: sudo whoami; sudo whoami but is there a better way? -- We're just a Bunch Of Regular Guys, a collective group that's trying to understand and assimilate technology. We feel that resistance to new ideas and technology is unwise and ultimately futile. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Recommendations for BSD Unix Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD BSD Books
What are folks recommendations for the updated edition of BSD UNIX Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD (Paperback)by Christopher Negus (Author), Francois Caen (Author)? Overall, Absolute FreeBSD boosted my confidence/competence but as my only printed Unix/Linux/BSD resource although it is not the be one and end all resource to FreeBSD as I was hoping for, particularly when it comes to slightly more advanced topics as building a production LAMP server. I have the budget for another book. I don't have access to a print version so I can really check it out before I buy. Has anyone found BSD UNIX useful, more than useless, or redundant? Is it organized and indexed well? Is a good read on the toilet or only when when your working on a box? Hasn't some other sys admin documented their commands really well and shared them? This recommendation would be for a FreeBSD novice user. If they didn't know how to script and had a choice between BSD UNIX Toolbox and a book about how to script, what would they be better off getting? On that note, does anyone have recommendations for a freebsd orientated beginners guide to scripting and using scripts to manage a freebsd box and common systems/services/daemons? loonybomber May the admins live long and prosper. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Recommendations for BSD Unix Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD BSD Books
On Mon, Apr 28, 2008 at 02:10:45PM -0700, loony wrote: Overall, Absolute FreeBSD boosted my confidence/competence but as my only printed Unix/Linux/BSD resource although it is not the be one and end all resource to FreeBSD as I was hoping for, particularly when it comes to slightly more advanced topics as building a production LAMP server. I have the budget for another book. Configuring a ?AMP server is largely not really OS specific (apart from things like firewalling). The AMP part should work on all UNIX-like systems. Of course FreeBSD has ports, which makes installation of the software easier. Some searching on the internet is certain to give you lots of tutorials. This recommendation would be for a FreeBSD novice user. If they didn't know how to script and had a choice between BSD UNIX Toolbox and a book about how to script, what would they be better off getting? Depends on the persons other exerience. I switched to FreeBSD after having used Slackware Linux for several years. With the Handbook and the manual pages, I fealt at home straight away. For novices, I would teach them system administration first, and scripting later. On that note, does anyone have recommendations for a freebsd orientated beginners guide to scripting and using scripts to manage a freebsd box and common systems/services/daemons? There is a lot of usefull documentation included with FreeBSD, starting with the Handbook and FAQ. Look in /usr/share/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books Daemons belonging to the base system or available via ports come with a control script in (/usr/local)/etc/rc.d. There is no need to write your own, unless you want to contribute a new port, which is not really a job for a novice. However, one can learn a lot by studying the already available scripts and the infrastructure that supports them. I've also found the Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide [http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/] usefull, although one has to be carefull of bash-specific features not supported by FreeBSD's /bin/sh. Roland -- R.F.Smith http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/ [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated] pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914 B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725) pgpNEHzWVynWS.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: Recommendations for BSD Unix Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD BSD Books
loony wrote: What are folks recommendations for the updated edition of BSD UNIX Toolbox: 1000+ Commands for FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD (Paperback)by Christopher Negus (Author), Francois Caen (Author)? Amazon.com started shipping pre-ordered copies only today, so I can't imagine too many people have had a chance to form in-depth impressions yet. I'll try to say more after I actually have browsed my copy. :-) For the moment, I will strongly second Roland Smith's reminder that ?AMP is largely OS independent so long as you use a *n?x that Apache/MySQL/etc. are well supported under. You may well do better to find a Use Apache to build a web site or (language of your choice) with (database of your choice) book that suits your development philosophy. --Jon Radel smime.p7s Description: S/MIME Cryptographic Signature
Sudo Commands on New 6.2 System Cause Last Login Message.
I noticed that every sudo command I issue is accompanied by a Last login message. 25testokcns root $ls .hushlogin ls: .hushlogin: No such file or directory 26testokcns root $sudo touch .hushlogin Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:38:24 from testokcns.osuokc 27testokcns root $sudo date Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:41:10 from testokcns.osuokc Thu Apr 3 11:41:17 CDT 2008 I was trying to see if a .hushlogin file in /root might snuff out the messages, but it had no effect. The commands always work but I would rather not get that message each time. Am I missing something obvious? Thanks. Martin McCormick WB5AGZ Stillwater, OK Systems Engineer OSU Information Technology Department Network Operations Group ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sudo Commands on New 6.2 System Cause Last Login Message.
On Thursday 03 April 2008 01:06:37 pm Martin McCormick wrote: I noticed that every sudo command I issue is accompanied by a Last login message. 25testokcns root $ls .hushlogin ls: .hushlogin: No such file or directory 26testokcns root $sudo touch .hushlogin Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:38:24 from testokcns.osuokc 27testokcns root $sudo date Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:41:10 from testokcns.osuokc Thu Apr 3 11:41:17 CDT 2008 I was trying to see if a .hushlogin file in /root might snuff out the messages, but it had no effect. The commands always work but I would rather not get that message each time. Am I missing something obvious? Thanks. Martin McCormick WB5AGZ Stillwater, OK Systems Engineer OSU Information Technology Department Network Operations Group ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Well, it IS odd that you're using sudo when logged in as root 8o) Did you edit /usr/local/etc/sudoers ? I tried you're commands here and I don't get the Last login message. I'm currently running 7.0-RELEASE, but this machine was originally installed way back during 5.x days and I installed sudo way back then. In sudoers, do you have rootALL=(ALL) ALL ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sudo Commands on New 6.2 System Cause Last Login Message.
Steven Friedrich writes: 26testokcns root $sudo touch .hushlogin Well, it IS odd that you're using sudo when logged in as root 8o) I was cd'd to the /root directory, but was logged in as me. It kind of got me there for a second, but notice the $ in the prompt. Interestingly enough, sudo -v doesn't cause this message. Did you edit /usr/local/etc/sudoers ? I tried you're commands here and I don't get the Last login message. I am not getting it on most other FreeBSD systems except the newest 2 systems I just finished updating in the last couple of days. In sudoers, do you have rootALL=(ALL) ALL ? Yes. That's where I added all of the users who can sudo. I even copied it out of another sudoers file so as not to miss anybody. The FreeBSD version I am using is FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE-p11 Interestingly, the system I am on right this minute is the same version and does not exhibit this behavior. Martin McCormick ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sudo Commands on New 6.2 System Cause Last Login Message.
The commands always work but I would rather not get that message
each time. Am I missing something obvious?
A quick google search will show you that it's the
${LOCALBASE}/etc/pam.d/sudo file which is the root of your problem.
It's pam_lastlog(8) which makes the message. If you don't need it,
comment out the...
session include system
... line in ${LOCALBASE}/etc/pam.d/sudo to get rid of this behavior.
Cheers,
David
--
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UNIX systems administrator Oracle DBA
CISSP, RHCE Sun Certified Security Administrator
Montreal: +1 514 966 0122
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Re: Sudo Commands on New 6.2 System Cause Last Login Message.
On Thu, 2008-04-03 at 12:06 -0500, Martin McCormick wrote: I noticed that every sudo command I issue is accompanied by a Last login message. 25testokcns root $ls .hushlogin ls: .hushlogin: No such file or directory 26testokcns root $sudo touch .hushlogin Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:38:24 from testokcns.osuokc 27testokcns root $sudo date Last login: Thu Apr 3 11:41:10 from testokcns.osuokc Thu Apr 3 11:41:17 CDT 2008 I was trying to see if a .hushlogin file in /root might snuff out the messages, but it had no effect. The commands always work but I would rather not get that message each time. Am I missing something obvious? Thanks. Make sure you have the latest version of the sudo port. This issue where pam_lastlog was being called because the system pam.d file was included in the session section of sudo's pam file was fixed. tom -- | tmclaugh at sdf.lonestar.org tmclaugh at FreeBSD.org | | FreeBSD http://www.FreeBSD.org | ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
On Thu, Dec 13, 2007 at 09:35:29AM +0200, Halid Faith wrote: Let me try to explain I have a file called A which contains variable values as below; file1, abc12 foot1, cba11 boby, def123 ... Also I have another file called B which contains partly valuable values as following; ### file of A begin Server valuable1 Client valuable2 the file end I have to assign the first column valuables in A to valuable1 in B and assign second column valuable1 in A to valuable2 in B. Finally I should see as following in a file called C Server file1 Client abc12 Server foot1 Client cba11 Server boby Client def123 How can I do that ? Could you give me a script ? Also does it possible to define two or more variable in for loop as below for i in `cat file1` a in `cat file2` ; do sed -e s/oldstring1/$i/ -e s/oldstring2/$a/ done Thanks Have a look at join(1). You should be able to knock something together with join and sed. Personally, I'd use perl for something like this. (Not much help if you don't know perl). -- Frank Contact info: http://www.esperance-linux.co.uk/misc/contact.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
On 2007-12-13 09:35, Halid Faith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Let me try to explain I have a file called A which contains variable values as below; file1, abc12 foot1, cba11 boby, def123 ... Also I have another file called B which contains partly valuable values as following; ### file of A begin Server valuable1 Client valuable2 the file end I have to assign the first column valuables in A to valuable1 in B and assign second column valuable1 in A to valuable2 in B. Finally I should see as following in a file called C Server file1 Client abc12 Server foot1 Client cba11 Server boby Client def123 How can I do that ? Could you give me a script ? Look carefully at the second input file: Server valuable1 Client valuable2 Now look *very* carefully at the output you want: Server file1 Client abc12 Server foot1 Client cba11 Server boby Client def123 Can you imagine a *loop* which reads the input file and creates the second? In `pseudo-code' this would be something like: for each pair of (server, client) from `file1': for each line in `file2': substitute `server' and `client' in `line' print resulting line print an empty line That shouldn't be *too* hard to write in a shell script. Now that you have the outline, see if you have better luck. - Giorgos ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
I have a file named file1 which contains some values.
I want to replace some strings into it, so I use sed command but I get an error.
sed s#oldstring#`cut -d, -f3 file2`# file1
sed: 1: s/yenidomain2/f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
also I get an error with awk command into sed;
sed s#oldstring#`awk -F, '{print$3}' file2`#file1
sed: 1: s#yenidomain2#f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
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Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
Halid Faith schrieb:
I have a file named file1 which contains some values.
I want to replace some strings into it, so I use sed command but I get an error.
sed s#oldstring#`cut -d, -f3 file2`# file1
sed: 1: s/yenidomain2/f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
also I get an error with awk command into sed;
sed s#oldstring#`awk -F, '{print$3}' file2`#file1
sed: 1: s#yenidomain2#f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
Sure you know what you are doing?
You are giving probably various linefeeds to your substitution (assuming
file2 has more than one line).
E.G. 'awk ... file2' produces as many lines as there are in file2. But
the substitution in sed has to be a string-like expression with no line
feeds.
There for the unterminated substitution error.
Rg, Tino
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Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
On Wed, Dec 12, 2007, Halid Faith wrote:
I have a file named file1 which contains some values.
I want to replace some strings into it, so I use sed command but I get an
error.
sed s#oldstring#`cut -d, -f3 file2`# file1
sed: 1: s/yenidomain2/f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
also I get an error with awk command into sed;
sed s#oldstring#`awk -F, '{print$3}' file2`#file1
sed: 1: s#yenidomain2#f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
The ``cut -d...` may well be biting you with multiple lines or
extra line feeds. You might see the problem by prefixing your
command with ``echo'' to see what it's actually doing.
echo sed s#oldstring#`cut -d, -f3 file2`# file1
I usually do more complex substitutions with short python or perl
scripts as (a) they use a common regular expression syntax, and
(b) I find the code cleaner (at least the python :-)
Bill
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Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
On 2007-12-12 23:19, Halid Faith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I have a file named file1 which contains some values.
I want to replace some strings into it, so I use sed command but I get an
error.
sed s#oldstring#`cut -d, -f3 file2`# file1
sed: 1: s/yenidomain2/f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
That's not enough information to help you in a meaningful manner.
* What does `file2' have to do with the replacement strings, and why do
you use it?
* What are the contents of both files?
* What do you want to replace, and what should it be replaced with?
also I get an error with awk command into sed;
sed s#oldstring#`awk -F, '{print$3}' file2`#file1
sed: 1: s#yenidomain2#f0b2875d- ...: unterminated substitute in regular
expression
That's not very different from the cut-based command.
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Re: How to use cut or awk commands into sed command ?
Let me try to explain I have a file called A which contains variable values as below; file1, abc12 foot1, cba11 boby, def123 ... Also I have another file called B which contains partly valuable values as following; ### file of A begin Server valuable1 Client valuable2 the file end I have to assign the first column valuables in A to valuable1 in B and assign second column valuable1 in A to valuable2 in B. Finally I should see as following in a file called C Server file1 Client abc12 Server foot1 Client cba11 Server boby Client def123 How can I do that ? Could you give me a script ? Also does it possible to define two or more variable in for loop as below for i in `cat file1` a in `cat file2` ; do sed -e s/oldstring1/$i/ -e s/oldstring2/$a/ done Thanks ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
I have a script. As I am a root user, I can run it without a problem. I added that script to crontab in order to run as automatic. I entered in /etc/crontab and put down as below; */20 * * * * root/etc/scriptfile Despite root user, the crontab could not run above file. But I can run the same script in command line interface. I am sure tha the crontab daemon is running. Also I can see the crontab try to run that script in /var/log/cron. /usr/sbin/cron[98727]: (root) CMD (/etc/scriptfile) When I am a different user, I couldn't run the script and I got access denied What is the problem ? Thanks ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
On Fri, 11 May 2007, Halid Faith wrote: I have a script. As I am a root user, I can run it without a problem. I added that script to crontab in order to run as automatic. I entered in /etc/crontab and put down as below; */20 * * * * root/etc/scriptfile Despite root user, the crontab could not run above file. But I can run the same script in command line interface. I am sure tha the crontab daemon is running. Also I can see the crontab try to run that script in /var/log/cron. /usr/sbin/cron[98727]: (root) CMD (/etc/scriptfile) When I am a different user, I couldn't run the script and I got access denied What is the problem ? Were you either logged in as root or su'd to root when you ran the script? If so, why not just install the cron as root by: % crontab -u root -e The only change to your cron line you would have to make is to drop the username 'root'. So it would look like: */20 * * * * /etc/scriptfile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
--On Friday, May 11, 2007 21:53:24 +0300 Halid Faith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have a script. As I am a root user, I can run it without a problem. I added that script to crontab in order to run as automatic. I entered in /etc/crontab and put down as below; */20 * * * * root/etc/scriptfile Try running this from the commandline: root /etc/scriptfile Bet it doesn't work. :-) Then try running this in your cron job: /bin/sh /etc/scriptfile Bet it does work. :-) -- Paul Schmehl ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) Senior Information Security Analyst The University of Texas at Dallas http://www.utdallas.edu/ir/security/
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
On Fri, 11 May 2007, Paul Schmehl wrote: Then try running this in your cron job: /bin/sh /etc/scriptfile Bet it does work. :-) Yes, but if the OP has: #!/bin/sh as the first line, the file owned by root and the executable flag for user set, shouldn't it execute from cron as just: /etc/scriptfile ?? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
--On Friday, May 11, 2007 19:45:22 + Duane Hill [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 11 May 2007, Paul Schmehl wrote: Then try running this in your cron job: /bin/sh /etc/scriptfile Bet it does work. :-) Yes, but if the OP has: # !/bin/sh as the first line, the file owned by root and the executable flag for user set, shouldn't it execute from cron as just: /etc/scriptfile ?? Yes, but I always like cron jobs to specifically call absolute path to the binary of choice. That way someone couldn't substitute a different binary by altering the path and force a cron job to do something unexpected. -- Paul Schmehl ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) Senior Information Security Analyst The University of Texas at Dallas http://www.utdallas.edu/ir/security/
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
On 5/11/07, Halid Faith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have a script. As I am a root user, I can run it without a problem. I added that script to crontab in order to run as automatic. I entered in /etc/crontab and put down as below; */20 * * * * root/etc/scriptfile Despite root user, the crontab could not run above file. But I can run the same script in command line interface. Which command are you using to run the script on the command line? Are you just typing out /etc/scriptfile into the shell prompt, or are you running sh /etc/scriptfile or running it via some other interpreter? I am sure tha the crontab daemon is running. Also I can see the crontab try to run that script in /var/log/cron. /usr/sbin/cron[98727]: (root) CMD (/etc/scriptfile) Which indication do you have that cron ISN'T running the script? When I am a different user, I couldn't run the script and I got access denied What is the problem ? Which file permission does /etc/scriptfile have? (ls -l /etc/scriptfile) Maybe the other user doesn't have read and/or execute permission? Sincerely, -Parker ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Why crontab is not able to run some commands ?
On Fri, 11 May 2007, Paul Schmehl wrote: --On Friday, May 11, 2007 19:45:22 + Duane Hill [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 11 May 2007, Paul Schmehl wrote: Then try running this in your cron job: /bin/sh /etc/scriptfile Bet it does work. :-) Yes, but if the OP has: # !/bin/sh as the first line, the file owned by root and the executable flag for user set, shouldn't it execute from cron as just: /etc/scriptfile ?? Yes, but I always like cron jobs to specifically call absolute path to the binary of choice. That way someone couldn't substitute a different binary by altering the path and force a cron job to do something unexpected. True. Thanks for the tip. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
List of FreeBSD commands (was: Re: (no subject))
On Thu, Mar 15, 2007 at 06:03:25AM +, neo neo wrote: i am new at FreeBSD . Where can i get FreeBSD commands list? I assume that by 'command' you mean executable programs that are part of the FreeBSD operating system, or programs that you add later via packages or port... 1. Most commands are in /bin and /usr/bin. 2. Sysadmin (root) commands are in /sbin and /usr/sbin. 3. Commands that you add via the ports system usually end up in /usr/local/bin and /usr/X11R6/bin To get a list of a directory (folder in Windows-speak), just call ls (which is itself in /bin; /bin/ls): % ls /usr/bin (or ls /usr/bin | more if the list is too long for one screen) Commands usually (but not always) have a manual page avaiable, e.g.: % man ls Oh, and btw, welcome to FreeBSD. :-) thankz . ZAW HTET AUNG Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ifstated check commands behavior
On 3/14/07, Alexandre Biancalana [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi list,
I'm trying to setup ifstated to check two links and if some go down, do
some actions like change pf rules and machine's route.
My doubt is about the execution order/repetition of the states body of
ifstated.conf, in all configs that I tried just the last check is executed
always, follow and example:
ifstated.conf:
==
loglevel debug
ping1 = '( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null every 10 ) '
ping2 = '( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null every 10 ) '
state one {
if ! ( $ping1 $ping2 ) {
set-state two
}
}
state two {
init {
run logger -p console.notice -t ifstated 'Restarting
network !'
}
if ( $ping $ping2 ) {
set-state one
}
}
==
# ifstated -dv
ping1 = ( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null every 10 )
ping2 = ( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null every 10 )
ifstated: initial state: one
ifstated: changing state to one
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: started
ifstated: changing state to two
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
As you can see, after change state ifstated execute only the *last* check
command of the statement (ping2) forever
This is the expected behavior ?
This shouldn't execute all state body until state change ??
Thanks for any help.
Alexandre
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ifstated check commands behavior
Hi list,
I'm trying to setup ifstated to check two links and if some go down, do
some actions like change pf rules and machine's route.
My doubt is about the execution order/repetition of the states body of
ifstated.conf, in all configs that I tried just the last check is executed
always, follow and example:
ifstated.conf:
==
loglevel debug
ping1 = '( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null every 10 ) '
ping2 = '( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null every 10 ) '
state one {
if ! ( $ping1 $ping2 ) {
set-state two
}
}
state two {
init {
run logger -p console.notice -t ifstated 'Restarting
network !'
}
if ( $ping $ping2 ) {
set-state one
}
}
==
# ifstated -dv
ping1 = ( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null every 10 )
ping2 = ( ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null every 10 )
ifstated: initial state: one
ifstated: changing state to one
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: started
ifstated: changing state to two
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site1.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
ifstated: running ping -q -c 1 -t 3 www.site2.com /dev/null
As you can see, after change state ifstated execute only the *last* check
command of the statement (ping2) forever
This is the expected behavior ?
I'm running 6-STABLE + ifstated-20050505 (instaled via
/usr/ports/net/ifstated)
Thanks for any help.
Alexandre
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Translate job number from atq to commands that will run
Does anybody know how I could translate the job # into the commands that will run from the output of the atq command? For example, here is my current atq: DateOwner Queue Job # Mon Dec 18 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 34 Wed Dec 20 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 35 Fri Dec 22 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 36 Wed Dec 27 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 37 Sat Dec 30 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 38 Wed Jan 3 09:00:00 CST 2007rootc 39 Sat Jan 6 09:00:00 CST 2007rootc 40 Mon Dec 18 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 41 Wed Dec 20 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 42 Fri Dec 22 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 43 Wed Dec 27 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 44 Sat Dec 30 09:00:00 CST 2006rootc 45 Wed Jan 3 09:00:00 CST 2007rootc 46 Sat Jan 6 09:00:00 CST 2007rootc 47 I checked the /var/at/spool and /var/at/jobs, but it isn't obvious which job is scheduled to run when. Thank you, James Riendeau MMI Computer Support Technician 1300 University Ave Rm. 436, Dept. of MedMicro Madison, WI 53706 Phone: (608) 262-3351 Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Translate job number from atq to commands that will run
In the last episode (Dec 16), JAMES T RIENDEAU said: Does anybody know how I could translate the job # into the commands that will run from the output of the atq command? For example, here is my current atq: Date Owner Queue Job # Mon Dec 18 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 34 ... Sat Jan 6 09:00:00 CST 2007 rootc 47 I checked the /var/at/spool and /var/at/jobs, but it isn't obvious which job is scheduled to run when. at -c n will list the commands to be run for job n. The filenames in /var/at/jobs are of the format qn, where q is the queue, n is the job number in hex, and t is the time the job is scheduled in hex (in minutes from the Epoch, so multiply by 60 to get the more-standard seconds from Epoch). For more info, see at at manpage and /usr/src/usr.bin/at/at.c . -- Dan Nelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Translate job number from atq to commands that will run
Date: Sat, 16 Dec 2006 16:54:58 -0600 From: JAMES T RIENDEAU [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Translate job number from atq to commands that will run To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Message-ID: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; delsp=yes; format=flowed Does anybody know how I could translate the job # into the commands that will run from the output of the atq command? For example, here is my current atq: Date Owner Queue Job # Mon Dec 18 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 34 Wed Dec 20 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 35 Fri Dec 22 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 36 Wed Dec 27 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 37 Sat Dec 30 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 38 Wed Jan 3 09:00:00 CST 2007 rootc 39 Sat Jan 6 09:00:00 CST 2007 rootc 40 Mon Dec 18 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 41 Wed Dec 20 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 42 Fri Dec 22 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 43 Wed Dec 27 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 44 Sat Dec 30 09:00:00 CST 2006 rootc 45 Wed Jan 3 09:00:00 CST 2007 rootc 46 Sat Jan 6 09:00:00 CST 2007 rootc 47 I checked the /var/at/spool and /var/at/jobs, but it isn't obvious which job is scheduled to run when. Thank you, James Riendeau MMI Computer Support Technician 1300 University Ave Rm. 436, Dept. of MedMicro Madison, WI 53706 Phone: (608) 262-3351 Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] man at Note the -c flag. Jim ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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