Trade Me - a message from maori_with_guns
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Re: Denial of service via FD exhaustion
You might want to familiarize yourself with ulimits. Alex Brodsky wrote: Hi, The following is a known issue, from at least 2002, but I am not sure how it was resolved. Problem: The default configuration of OpenBSD allows any user to incapacitate the machine by exhausting the kernel's file descriptor (FD) table. By default the kernel allocates 1772 FDs (kern.maxfiles). OpenBSD allows limits to be placed on the number of FDs a process can use and the number of processes a user can run. Hence, the number of FDs that a user can allocated is max_processes x max_num_fds_per_proc, which greatly exceeds 1772. When all FDs are used up, not new process can be created, no one can log in, and no files can be opened by running processes. That is, unless the offending processes are killed, the system has to be rebooted, which cannot necessarily be done in a clean manner if no one else can log in. While the brute-force solution is to simply increase the size of the kernel's FD table, I am more interested in the rationale behind the present default configuration. Namely, 1) If a user can bring down the entire system in its default configuration, is it reasonable to call the system ``secure''? 2) To whom should I direct this query? 3) Apart from increasing the size of the FD table, further limiting the number of processes that users may run, and further limiting the the number of FDs a process may allocate, what other measures can be taken to avoid this issue? As an aside, I experienced this DoS problem first hand due to a bug in a the Dovecot IMAP server 1.0-beta3.
Re: watchdogd
On 8/5/06, Felix Kronlage [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I think, silent by default with -v for more informations seems more appropiate too. Would you care to elaborate why you want the default behaviour (notify on a changed timeout) altered? The proposed patch by the OP doesn't cause changes for existing users. Your suggestion does. Are there that many noisy devices? I'm just curious. Cheers, Rogier -- If you don't know where you're going, any road will get you there.
[PATCH] Re: Denial of service via FD exhaustion
Hi Alex,
I wrote such a Code for my OpenBSD 3.6 machine. I just loaded the current
CVS snapshot, patched the sources and made a CVS diff. Here is a patch
that implements a new sysctl variable called 'kern.maxusrfiles' what is
the maximum number of filedescriptors available for normal users. 64 FDs
are reserved for root only.
I wasn't able to test the patches on a current kernel because there would
be too much to update on my 3.6 box.
I post this to @tech too. Maybe someone want to implement this in the
official kernel.
best regards
steffen
Here are the patches:
src/sbin/sysctl directory:
== cvs diff -up
cvs server: Diffing .
Index: sysctl.8
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/sbin/sysctl/sysctl.8,v
retrieving revision 1.132
diff -u -p -r1.132 sysctl.8
--- sysctl.829 May 2006 16:49:42 - 1.132
+++ sysctl.85 Aug 2006 12:17:34 -
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ not all of the variables are relevant to
.It kern.maxvnodes integer yes
.It kern.maxproc integer yes
.It kern.maxfiles integer yes
+.It kern.maxusrfiles integer yes
.It kern.argmaxinteger no
.It kern.securelevel integer raise only
.It kern.hostname string yes
src/sys/kern directory:
== cvs diff -up
cvs server: Diffing .
Index: kern_descrip.c
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/kern/kern_descrip.c,v
retrieving revision 1.74
diff -u -p -r1.74 kern_descrip.c
--- kern_descrip.c 7 May 2006 20:12:41 - 1.74
+++ kern_descrip.c 5 Aug 2006 12:22:42 -
@@ -251,7 +251,8 @@ restart:
if ((fp = fd_getfile(fdp, old)) == NULL)
return (EBADF);
if ((u_int)new = p-p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur ||
- (u_int)new = maxfiles)
+ (u_int)new = maxfiles ||
+ (p-p_cred-p_ruid 0 (u_int)new = maxusrfiles))
return (EBADF);
if (old == new) {
/*
@@ -314,7 +315,8 @@ restart:
case F_DUPFD:
newmin = (long)SCARG(uap, arg);
if ((u_int)newmin = p-p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur ||
- (u_int)newmin = maxfiles) {
+ (u_int)newmin = maxfiles ||
+ (p-p_cred-p_ruid 0 (u_int)newmin = maxusrfiles)) {
error = EINVAL;
break;
}
@@ -681,7 +683,8 @@ fdalloc(struct proc *p, int want, int *r
* expanding the ofile array.
*/
restart:
- lim = min((int)p-p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur, maxfiles);
+ lim = min((int)p-p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur,
+ (p-p_cred-p_ruid 0 ? maxusrfiles : maxfiles));
last = min(fdp-fd_nfiles, lim);
if ((i = want) fdp-fd_freefile)
i = fdp-fd_freefile;
@@ -795,7 +798,7 @@ restart:
}
return (error);
}
- if (nfiles = maxfiles) {
+ if (nfiles = maxfiles || ((p-p_cred-p_ruid 0 nfiles =
maxusrfiles))) {
fd_unused(p-p_fd, i);
tablefull(file);
return (ENFILE);
Index: kern_sysctl.c
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/kern/kern_sysctl.c,v
retrieving revision 1.142
diff -u -p -r1.142 kern_sysctl.c
--- kern_sysctl.c 28 May 2006 19:41:42 - 1.142
+++ kern_sysctl.c 5 Aug 2006 12:22:59 -
@@ -304,6 +304,8 @@ kern_sysctl(int *name, u_int namelen, vo
return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, maxproc));
case KERN_MAXFILES:
return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, maxfiles));
+ case KERN_MAXUSRFILES:
+ return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, maxusrfiles));
case KERN_NFILES:
return (sysctl_rdint(oldp, oldlenp, newp, nfiles));
case KERN_TTYCOUNT:
src/sys/sys directory:
== cvs diff -up
cvs server: Diffing .
Index: file.h
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/sys/file.h,v
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -p -r1.24 file.h
--- file.h 26 Mar 2006 17:47:10 - 1.24
+++ file.h 5 Aug 2006 12:24:01 -
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ struct file {
LIST_HEAD(filelist, file);
extern struct filelist filehead; /* head of list of open files */
extern int maxfiles; /* kernel limit on number of open files
*/
+extern int maxusrfiles; /* max num of open files for UID
= 1 */
extern int nfiles; /* actual number of open files */
extern struct fileops vnops; /* vnode operations for files */
Index: sysctl.h
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/sys/sysctl.h,v
retrieving revision 1.88
diff -u -p -r1.88 sysctl.h
--- sysctl.h8 May 2006 22:51:18 - 1.88
+++ sysctl.h5 Aug 2006 12:24:08 -
@@ -184,7
console screensafer
Hi, is there a way to disable to console screensafer in OpenBSD? Problem description: after about 60 seconds after booting, the console screen blanks and my monitor turns off (disabling power management on my monitor doesn't help). Sometimes, shortly after starting Xorg, my monitor also turns off. During a fresh installation of CURRENT from a default floppy, my monitor also turns off. I tried the following values in /etc/wsconsctl.conf, but they didn't have any obvious effect: display.vblank=off display.screen_off=600 regards, Andreas
Re: console screensafer
xorg.conf has a DPMS option which turns the monitor in powersave after a while. Check if that option appear in your xorg.conf. xset q also know if it's enabled or not. /bkw On 05/08/06, Andreas Bartelt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, is there a way to disable to console screensafer in OpenBSD? Problem description: after about 60 seconds after booting, the console screen blanks and my monitor turns off (disabling power management on my monitor doesn't help). Sometimes, shortly after starting Xorg, my monitor also turns off. During a fresh installation of CURRENT from a default floppy, my monitor also turns off. I tried the following values in /etc/wsconsctl.conf, but they didn't have any obvious effect: display.vblank=off display.screen_off=600
Re: console screensafer
Hi, Bachman Kharazmi wrote: xorg.conf has a DPMS option which turns the monitor in powersave after a while. Check if that option appear in your xorg.conf. xset q also know if it's enabled or not. thanks for the hint. I suppose, I didn't describe the problem clearly. My Xorg screensafer works without problems: it blanks the screen after a while, and later, the monitor goes to standby mode. The monitor can be waked up again by moving the mouse or pressing a key on the keyboard -- no problems here. The problem is with the console (it begins without ever starting Xorg, i.e., during an installation of OpenBSD with a standard floppy -- so it's no configuration problem on my side). After about 60 seconds, the screen blanks and the monitor begins to turn on and off repeatedly (depending on the power management setup of my monitor, it sometimes also turns off straight). Its totally unusable then and it _can't_ be waked up again by pressing a key on the keyboard. The only workaround is to turn the monitor completely off and then on again, but it will resume this crazy behaviour again after a short period, if I don't start Xorg... I've noticed that sometimes the screen turns on and off the same way _immediately_ after starting Xorg, but I think this is directly related to the console problem, because after manually turning the monitor off and on again, the problem is resolved then and, as I said, the Xorg screensafer itself works without problems. I didn't experience this problem with the same hardware from the beginning (around OpenBSD 3.4), but I don't remember the exact point when I experienced this problem for the first time (I suppose it was around OpenBSD 3.8/3.9, but I'm not sure...). btw, I'm using a LaCie electron blue CRT monitor. regards, Andreas
Re: console screensafer
Andreas Bartelt wrote: Hi, is there a way to disable to console screensafer in OpenBSD? Problem description: after about 60 seconds after booting, the console screen blanks and my monitor turns off (disabling power management on my monitor doesn't help). Sometimes, shortly after starting Xorg, my monitor also turns off. During a fresh installation of CURRENT from a default floppy, my monitor also turns off. OpenBSD does not blank the console screen after booting without you deliberately setting things to do so. This is clearly not OpenBSD at work. Don't try to fix broken hardware configuration through OpenBSD, fix the hardware. You apparently have some strange feature in the BIOS of your hardware. Turn it off. I've seen these features on at least Compaqs and Dells, and heard of it on many others. Nick.
Delaypools not working in squid transparant n snmp openbsd 3.9
dear all i try activate my cache server ( squid 2.5 stable with tranparan proxy n snmp from package ) in my openbsd 3.9 server : here my spefication my server : 1. openbsd 3.9 - squid transparan + snmp from package 2. here my squid.conf # DELAY POLL curve --- acl magic_words1 url_regex -i 192.168. acl magic_words2 url_regex -i ftp .exe .mp3 .vqf .tar.gz .gz .rpm .zip .rar .avi .mpeg .mpe .mpg .qt .ram .rm .iso .raw .wav delay_pools 2 delay_class 1 2 delay_parameters 1 -1/-1 -1/-1 delay_access 1 allow magic_words1 delay_class 2 2 delay_parameters 2 5000/15 5000/12 delay_access 2 allow magic_words2 # 3. here my error log when i try : # /usr/local/sbin/squid -k parse 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3576 unrecognized: 'delay_pools 2' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3580 unrecognized: 'delay_class 1 2' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3582 unrecognized: 'delay_parameters 1 -1/-1 -1/-1' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3584 unrecognized: 'delay_access 1 allow magic_words1' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3587 unrecognized: 'delay_class 2 2' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3595 unrecognized: 'delay_parameters 2 5000/15 5000/12' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3596 unrecognized: 'delay_access 2 allow magic_words2' -sonjaya-
Re: console screensafer
Hi, Nick Holland wrote: ... OpenBSD does not blank the console screen after booting without you deliberately setting things to do so. This is clearly not OpenBSD at work. Don't try to fix broken hardware configuration through OpenBSD, fix the hardware. You apparently have some strange feature in the BIOS of your hardware. Turn it off. I've seen these features on at least Compaqs and Dells, and heard of it on many others. thanks, you made me look at my BIOS and (at least I think) I found the cause. There's an option called Video Off method, which was set to DPMS support. I just switched it to blank screen and didn't experience the usual problems after rebooting. I think (hope ;) ) this solved the problem. regards, Andreas
Re: Delaypools not working in squid transparant n snmp openbsd 3.9
On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 09:48:23PM +0700, sonjaya wrote: 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3576 unrecognized: 'delay_pools 2' 2006/08/06 04:09:49| parseConfigFile: line 3580 unrecognized: 'delay_class 1 2' the squid package doesn't have delay pools enabled -- the option is not enabled by default in a squid compile, afaik. you could get the ports tree, edit /usr/ports/www/squid/Makefile, goto the CONFIGURE_ARGS+= section and add a: == --enable-delay-pools \ == option in there, and then 'make install' it. or, optionally, just do: $ CONFIGURE_ARGS=--enable-delay-pools make if you watch the configure portion of the port build, you'll see checking for mingw32 environment... (cached) no checking for executable suffix... (cached) checking for object suffix... (cached) o scroll by and then should see Delay pools enabled real near that. -- jared [ openbsd 3.9-current GENERIC ( jul 29 ) // i386 ]
Re: radioctl error on i386 Aug 1 snapshot; Inappropriate ioctl for device
On Fri, Aug 04, 2006 at 07:25:55AM -0600, Diana Eichert wrote: Does anyone use their OpenBSD boxes to capture video without using any X tools? nope; i was always trying to use it to capture video while watching the display(station2) :/ If so how do you do it? My thought is to use ffmpeg to capture video off bktr(4). i did use ffmpeg with some moderate success, but because i didn't pay much attention to it i ended up with huge files; and never did get recording sound to function. iirc, jake ended up getting mplayer to function with bktr; the one in ports now works for me for display, and i was also able to record video with mencoder (don't know if the no_x11 would be a candidate...). === OpenBSD 4.0-beta (GENERIC.MP) #861: Sat Jul 29 13:32:26 MDT 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/compile/GENERIC.MP ... bktr0 at pci2 dev 4 function 0 Brooktree BT878 rev 0x02: apic 2 int 16 (irq 5) bktr0: Hauppauge Model 62471 A bktr0: Hauppauge WinCast/TV, Philips FR1236 NTSC FM tuner, dbx stereo. radio0 at bktr0 Brooktree BT878 Audio rev 0x02 at pci2 dev 4 function 1 not configured === -- jared [ openbsd 3.9-current GENERIC ( jul 29 ) // i386 ]
Re: Delaypools not working in squid transparant n snmp openbsd 3.9
On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 01:30:28PM -0400, jared r r spiegel wrote: $ CONFIGURE_ARGS=--enable-delay-pools make err, in your case $ FLAVOR=transparent snmp CONFIGURE_ARGS=--enable-delay-pools make
sendmail with milter support by default?
Hi all, I am getting sick and tired of all the crap I'm receiving so I decided to do some spamfiltering on my OpenBSD mailserver. I checked the ports and see several nice milters so I start installing. Later I find out that I need to recompile sendmail with milter support, something I don't like to do. I want to keep my OpenBSD installation as much as the default install as possible. If I do a make build later I don't want to have a broken mail system when I forget to set WANT_LIBMILTER. What are main the reasons this is not enabled by default? Most mailservers could use some filtering options by default. And no, I don't want to replace sendmail with postfix, I always stick to the default on the used operating system. If this was a stupid question, go ahead, flame. A quick archive search did not reveal usefull information to me. Wijnand
Re: service monitoring and pf load balancing
On 8/4/06, Hasan USTUNDAG [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
http://www.bsdforums.org/forums/showthread.php?t=33480
script works fine for me.
You can also use ping to check host availibilty or perl module
Net::Telnet to check port availibilty for other protocols.
That pf.conf looks ok, but his script isn't so great.
I tried this and it works in a lab scenario, with the slight advantage
that everything necessary is available within OpenBSD's default
distribution. The available table is populated by live nc'd entries
from the pool table using the script below, cron'd at your desired
test interval. One caveat is that your first load of pf.conf will
have an empty www_available table until the script executes. I
suppose you could mirror www_pool to www_available in pf.conf to
avoid that.
pf.conf:
-
table www_pool persist { 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.11 10.0.0.12 10.0.0.13 10.0.0.14 }
table www_available persist
rdr on $ext_if proto tcp from any to 172.16.10.100 port 80 - {
www_available } round-robin
pass in on $ext_if inet proto tcp from any to www_pool port 80 flags
S/SA synproxy state
-
test_avail.sh:
-
#!/bin/ksh
for host in `/sbin/pfctl -t www_pool -Ts`
do
/usr/bin/nc -z -w 1 $host 80 21 /dev/null action=add || action=delete
/sbin/pfctl -t www_available -T $action $host
done
-
Re: sendmail with milter support by default?
On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 08:22:47PM +0200, Wijnand Wiersma wrote: What are main the reasons this is not enabled by default? Most mailservers could use some filtering options by default. It's enabled for more than two years.
Re: sendmail with milter support by default?
2006/8/5, Matthias Kilian [EMAIL PROTECTED]: On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 08:22:47PM +0200, Wijnand Wiersma wrote: What are main the reasons this is not enabled by default? Most mailservers could use some filtering options by default. It's enabled for more than two years. Thanks for your answer, Jasper is updating the port descriptions as we speak :-) Wijnand
Re: watchdogd
On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 01:42:17PM +0200, Rogier Krieger wrote: On 8/5/06, Felix Kronlage [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I think, silent by default with -v for more informations seems more appropiate too. Would you care to elaborate why you want the default behaviour (notify on a changed timeout) altered? The proposed patch by the OP doesn't cause changes for existing users. Your suggestion does. Are there that many noisy devices? I'm just curious. Cheers, Rogier -- If you don't know where you're going, any road will get you there. My 2 eurocent: http://catb.org/~esr/writings/taoup/html/ch01s06.html#id2878450 If the anchor doesn't work, it's the Rule of Silence Tobias
Re: radioctl error on i386 Aug 1 snapshot; Inappropriate ioctl for device
On Sat, 5 Aug 2006, jared r r spiegel wrote: On Fri, Aug 04, 2006 at 07:25:55AM -0600, Diana Eichert wrote: If so how do you do it? My thought is to use ffmpeg to capture video off bktr(4). i did use ffmpeg with some moderate success, but because i didn't pay much attention to it i ended up with huge files; and never did get recording sound to function. iirc, jake ended up getting mplayer to function with bktr; the one in ports now works for me for display, and i was also able to record video with mencoder (don't know if the no_x11 would be a candidate...). Yeah, I finally broke down and installed fxtv just to see if my card was working properly, yea, it is! Unfortunately the way I finally viewed TeeVee was running VNCserver on the headless box, then connecting across my 802.11b local wireless with VNCviewer. UGLY setup for sure. BUT now I'm getting wi0 timeout errors on the headless box, can't clear them unless I reboot the box. The 802.11b stuff is temporary, until I get my 802.11g stuff in. I live in the dark ages of 802.11b 'cause my internet connection is a whopping 144Kbps, iDSL sucks, but it's all you can get in the hinterlands. thanks, I'll install mplayer after I finish an updated firefox to one of my other systems. diana PS any one know what happened to Jake?
What is the equivalent to glibc's __libc_freeres?
Hello, The glibc C runtime library has a function __libc_freeres to free any memory allocated by the runtime. What is the equivalent in OpenBSD's libc? Regards, Vesselin.
AMD64 - Opteron?
I'm looking into some rack mount servers, and I've been looking hard at some nice Opteron systems. Then I visited the amd64 platform page and saw that all Athon CPUs are supported - no mention on Opteron. Checking the archives I see people using Opterons. I'm just a bit confused. Are people running Opterons with i386, or amd64? Are Opterons considered part of AMD's Athlon-64 family of processors? I'm new to AMD, and I could use a clue. Also, any goodness/badness with dual-core? SMP? -- Darrin Chandler| Phoenix BSD Users Group [EMAIL PROTECTED] | http://bsd.phoenix.az.us/ http://www.stilyagin.com/ |
Re: AMD64 - Opteron?
I use opterons all over the place. Works fine with i386 and amd64. On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 03:39:44PM -0700, Darrin Chandler wrote: I'm looking into some rack mount servers, and I've been looking hard at some nice Opteron systems. Then I visited the amd64 platform page and saw that all Athon CPUs are supported - no mention on Opteron. Checking the archives I see people using Opterons. I'm just a bit confused. Are people running Opterons with i386, or amd64? Are Opterons considered part of AMD's Athlon-64 family of processors? I'm new to AMD, and I could use a clue. Also, any goodness/badness with dual-core? SMP? -- Darrin Chandler| Phoenix BSD Users Group [EMAIL PROTECTED] | http://bsd.phoenix.az.us/ http://www.stilyagin.com/ |
Re: AMD64 - Opteron?
On Sat, Aug 05, 2006 at 05:52:29PM -0500, Marco Peereboom wrote: I use opterons all over the place. Works fine with i386 and amd64. That's *exactly* what I was hoping to hear. :) -- Darrin Chandler| Phoenix BSD Users Group [EMAIL PROTECTED] | http://bsd.phoenix.az.us/ http://www.stilyagin.com/ |
Re: AMD64 - Opteron?
2006/8/6, Marco Peereboom [EMAIL PROTECTED]: I use opterons all over the place. Works fine with i386 and amd64. All versions of the AMD Athlon 64 processors and their clones are supported. Are Opterons considered to be clones of AMD Athlon 64? The Opterons came first. :-) Best Martin
i386 Aug 1st snapshot kernel page fault related to CS4281?
Geez, I'm having so much fun with computers this weekend. So I bit the bullet and hauled a monitor over to my headless TV capture system and configure X on it also. FXTV runs aok locally, but I can get it to crash by running either Jake Meuser's bsdavrec or mplayer/mencoder. I can actually run bsdavrec if I explicitly set NTSC mode and tuner source, mplayer/mencoder just locks up the system. The following occurs when the system locks up. (I wrote this down by hand because, well because I misplaced my serial cable) cs4281_trigger_input:not implemented yet Kernel: page fault trap, code=0 stopped at if_slowtimo + 0x20: movw 0x52(%ebx),%ax ddb trace if_slowtimo(d0711d64,9dc4494f,d0d5bc00,1,0) at if_slowtimo + 0x20 softclock(1169,9e04,79d5,aa880048,d086000a) at softclock + 0x22c Bad frame pointer:0xd0869db6 ddbboot crash dump memory, blah, blah, blah then Kernel: page fault trap, code=0 Faulted in DDB; continuing ... ddb trace rinse and repeat from the last trace. I didn't copy over the results of ps, need to find my serial cable. OpenBSD 4.0-beta (GENERIC) #1036: Tue Aug 1 01:59:50 MDT 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/compile/GENERIC cpu0: Intel Pentium III (GenuineIntel 686-class, 128KB L2 cache) 599 MHz cpu0: FPU,V86,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,MMX,FXSR,SSE real mem = 266956800 (260700K) avail mem = 235974656 (230444K) using 3284 buffers containing 13451264 bytes (13136K) of memory mainbus0 (root) bios0 at mainbus0: AT/286+(97) BIOS, date 07/05/00, BIOS32 rev. 0 @ 0xfd890, SMBIOS rev. 2.3 @ 0xe0010 (47 entries) bios0: TriGem Computer, Inc. Emachines apm0 at bios0: Power Management spec V1.2 apm0: AC on, battery charge unknown apm0: flags 30102 dobusy 0 doidle 1 pcibios0 at bios0: rev 2.1 @ 0xfd890/0x770 pcibios0: PCI IRQ Routing Table rev 1.0 @ 0xfdf40/160 (8 entries) pcibios0: PCI Interrupt Router at 000:31:0 (Intel 82371FB ISA rev 0x00) pcibios0: PCI bus #1 is the last bus bios0: ROM list: 0xc/0x8000 0xe/0x1000! 0xe1000/0x3000! cpu0 at mainbus0 pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0: configuration mode 1 (no bios) pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 Intel 82810 rev 0x03: rng active, 7Kb/sec vga1 at pci0 dev 1 function 0 Intel 82810 Graphics rev 0x03: aperture at 0xf800, size 0x400 wsdisplay0 at vga1 mux 1: console (80x25, vt100 emulation) wsdisplay0: screen 1-5 added (80x25, vt100 emulation) ppb0 at pci0 dev 30 function 0 Intel 82801AA Hub-to-PCI rev 0x02 pci1 at ppb0 bus 1 clct0 at pci1 dev 9 function 0 Cirrus Logic CS4281 CrystalClear rev 0x01 irq 11 ac97: codec id 0x43525913 (Cirrus Logic CS4297A rev 3) ac97: codec features headphone, 20 bit DAC, 18 bit ADC, Crystal Semi 3D audio0 at clct0 rl0 at pci1 dev 11 function 0 Realtek 8139 rev 0x10: irq 5, address 00:c0:f0:55:58:80 rlphy0 at rl0 phy 0: RTL internal PHY uhci0 at pci1 dev 13 function 0 VIA VT83C572 USB rev 0x50: irq 9 usb0 at uhci0: USB revision 1.0 uhub0 at usb0 uhub0: VIA UHCI root hub, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1 uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered uhci1 at pci1 dev 13 function 1 VIA VT83C572 USB rev 0x50: irq 5 usb1 at uhci1: USB revision 1.0 uhub1 at usb1 uhub1: VIA UHCI root hub, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1 uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered ehci0 at pci1 dev 13 function 2 VIA VT6202 USB rev 0x51: irq 11 usb2 at ehci0: USB revision 2.0 uhub2 at usb2 uhub2: VIA EHCI root hub, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1 uhub2: 4 ports with 4 removable, self powered bktr0 at pci1 dev 14 function 0 Brooktree BT878 rev 0x02: irq 10 bktr0: Askey/Dynalink Magic TView, Temic NTSC tuner. Brooktree BT878 Audio rev 0x02 at pci1 dev 14 function 1 not configured ichpcib0 at pci0 dev 31 function 0 Intel 82801AA LPC rev 0x02 pciide0 at pci0 dev 31 function 1 Intel 82801AA IDE rev 0x02: DMA, channel 0 wired to compatibility, channel 1 wired to compatibility wd0 at pciide0 channel 0 drive 0: ST310212A wd0: 32-sector PIO, LBA, 9768MB, 20005650 sectors wd0(pciide0:0:0): using PIO mode 4, Ultra-DMA mode 2 atapiscsi0 at pciide0 channel 1 drive 0 scsibus0 at atapiscsi0: 2 targets cd0 at scsibus0 targ 0 lun 0: SAMSUNG, CD-ROM SC-148, PT02 SCSI0 5/cdrom removable cd0(pciide0:1:0): using PIO mode 4, Ultra-DMA mode 2 uhci2 at pci0 dev 31 function 2 Intel 82801AA USB rev 0x02: irq 11 usb3 at uhci2: USB revision 1.0 uhub3 at usb3 uhub3: Intel UHCI root hub, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1 uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered ichiic0 at pci0 dev 31 function 3 Intel 82801AA SMBus rev 0x02: irq 9 iic0 at ichiic0 isa0 at ichpcib0 isadma0 at isa0 pckbc0 at isa0 port 0x60/5 pckbd0 at pckbc0 (kbd slot) pckbc0: using irq 1 for kbd slot wskbd0 at pckbd0: console keyboard, using wsdisplay0 pms0 at pckbc0 (aux slot) pckbc0: using irq 12 for aux slot wsmouse0 at pms0 mux 0 pcppi0 at isa0 port 0x61 midi0 at pcppi0: PC speaker spkr0 at pcppi0 lpt0 at isa0 port 0x378/4 irq 7 it0 at isa0 port 0x290/8: IT87 npx0 at isa0 port 0xf0/16: using exception 16 pccom0 at isa0 port 0x3f8/8 irq 4: ns16550a, 16 byte fifo fdc0 at isa0
