Re: OT: Domain Name Freedom
On Sat, 3 Feb 2007 14:59:40 -0800 "J.C. Roberts" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Both > MySpace and GoDaddy picked the wrong person to screw, and now > damaging both companies, in fact possibly putting them out of > business for their censorship attempts, seems like well deserved > retribution. > this is an interesting article regarding the issue: http://news.com.com/Survey+Are+domain+registrars+free-speech+friendly/2100-1025_3-6155614.html?tag=nefd.lede -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: OT: Domain Name Freedom
On Sat, 03 Feb 2007 19:36:41 +0100 chefren <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I know lots of > people who are very happy with Godaddy. > i happen to be one of them for several years now (though i found the representation of "Fyodor" in that same sentence excessively emotional). reading this thread and the earlier one on MARC regarding registrars, i am contemplating a switch, possibly to gandi who seem to be a really nice group. i just need to rationalize why to pay more than what godaddy charges (one reason might be that the godaddy site has become irritating, irrelevant and icky). while the nodaddy site and several articles have shed considerable light on the situation (some of those horror stories are horrific), i am curious about how godaddy should have acted when "thousands of MySpace user names and passwords were exposed on the Internet" was speed not of the essence in this situation? or is the point that it is not godaddy's role to intervene in such situations because they are a registrar? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: Flash Player 9 on OpenBSD
On Wed, 17 Jan 2007 15:55:12 -0700 Darrin Chandler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Most clicked item on the web: "Skip Intro" > exactly!! i find gnash to be more than enough (and was quite happy previously without it - if i didn't see it, i figured i wasn't missing anything). if i get really desperate i just use opera and the flash plugin. the pleasure in using these for me really boils down to: 1) it's fun to see them work without any problems 2) i get to click "Skip Intro" -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: php mail() function fails
On Fri, 12 Jan 2007 06:04:57 +0100 "noob lenoobie" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I'm unable to send mail from php > i think that's because you don't have smtp access in a chrooted environment, but you can get around that with pearmail. we installed pearmail and used a function like: function pearmail($to,$from,$subject,$body) { require('Mail.php'); //Mail.php comes with pearmail $recipients = $to; $headers['From']= $from; $headers['To'] = $to; $headers['Subject'] = $subject; $params['host'] = 'localhost'; // Create the mail object using the Mail::factory method $mail_object =& Mail::factory('smtp', $params); $mail_object->send($recipients, $headers, $body); } then you use pearmail() instead of mail() both pearmail and the mini_sendmail ideas are in section 4.6 of this openbsd virtual domain hosting guide: http://www.openbsd-wiki.org/index.php?title=Virtual_Domain_Hosting_Guide this might also be useful: http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-php-send-email-via-smtp-authentication.html -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: MySQL, pulling my hair out
On Sun, 19 Nov 2006 18:33:17 + Gaby Vanhegan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I'm really having an incredibly painful time with MySQL on 3.9. Has > anybody had a problem getting MySQL 4 or 5 to play happy? I've read > these pages > gaby, i've had mysql5 working just fine on 3.9 in the past, but eventually went over to postgresql because it made a mess with phpBB (dropped that too and went to punBB). in rc.local i had: # mysql startup for chroot situation if [ -x /usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then /usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe --user=_mysql --log=/var/log/mysqld & sleep 4 rm -f /var/www/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock ln /var/run/mysql/mysql.sock /var/www/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock fi and i recall that to run phpmyadmin (which never ran well) you need to set up: mkdir -p /var/www/var/run/mysql so that the ln -s in rc.local to mysql.sock works also, i had mkdir /var/www/tmp chmod 777 /var/www/tmp (though i can't recall if mysql required it or not) of course, when mysql is installed from packages there are some simple instructions to initialize the db and set the root pswd. i recall it worked fine from there. (the instructions on openbsdsupport.org/mysql.htm are very thorough indeed, but i didn't know they existed at the time i used to run mysql so i never used them.) i apologize for not being able to assist with either the error messages or your moderate load problem. we ran under very light loads and while our own php programs ran without any difficulties, phpBB kept crashing mysql. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: ACPI support, donate via payapl here
On Wed, 18 Oct 2006 23:40:16 +0100 "Niall O'Higgins" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > If you want to help get marco a Thinkpad, please donate via PayPal to > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > i feel fortunate that we get so much from this openbsd group. money paypalled. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: benefits of older versions
On Sun, 08 Oct 2006 22:36:47 -0400 Nick Holland <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Keep your system current. There are lots of reasons to do that, few > good reasons not to. > nick you have answered my questions totally! even those i had difficulty in figuring out how to ask (and therefore didn't). i appreciate your suggestions too darrin. the key idea seems to be that there is a reason that these versions come about - they are better than what came before and pretty well on any machine. i like doodling with old stuff (still have the slackware 7 cd) and that is fine for doodling, but for stuff other than that, your comments make it clear to keep moving with openbsd even if things work well with a particular version. like you say "It is much better to just have the upgrade process part of your life" ... after all, the developers do! thank you! -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
benefits of older versions
why are older versions of openbsd (or linux or whatever os) kept around? is it because some of the older versions may work better with older machines? for instance, i recall that our 486 and p120 did really well with slackware 8. we're going to get some 486s going again - should i use an older version of openbsd? also, do some people like to stick with what is tried and true? our home servers (p800) are running openbsd 3.9 beautifully. i want to try openbsd 4.0 on my personal machine and wonder whether i should change to 4 on the servers just to stay current. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: Forum-Software, good and secure, on OpenBSD systems?
On Tuesday 12 September 2006 19:35, Bryan Irvine wrote: > So far though, I've been very impressed > with phpbb. I'm just running it on my home cable connection on an old > ultra 10 using postgresql. > we used to run phpBB with mysql on openbsd, but that kept crashing because of mysql for some reason. after getting some suggestions from this elist, we switched to punBB on postgresql and things have been fantastic for several months now. i found punBB to be much cleaner and faster than phpBB. here's the link if you are interested: http://www.punbb.org/ -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
stopping robots
what is the best way to stop those robots and spiders from getting in? .htaccess? robot.txt and apache directives? find them on the access_log and block with pf? i should also ask whether it is a good idea to block robots in the first place since some do help to increase presence on the web. which are good robots and which are bad? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
independence from dependencies
i'm running koffice which wants postgre8.1.3 but i want to use postgre8.1.4 (not sure why other than because the postgre site told me to) however, when i pkg_add we get a conflict with the postgresql-client-8.1.3 which has already occupied its spot. if we do a pkg_add -u koffice will complain again just as it does going from python2.3 to 2.4 i can use -F, but that won't solve the problem from koffice's end right? how does one get by a problem like this? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
developing a backup strategy
i've gone through the threads: Recommendations for an OpenBSD-based Backup Solution remote data backup and am contemplating the ideas as they apply to my rather simple setup - 2 webservers (one does email as well). not too much changes on them and not a lot of stuff on them either (under 5G combined including OpenBSD). what i've done in the past is just scp the etc and a few other directories that contain data with the intention of reinstalling OpenBSD and putting those directories back in (if disaster strikes). is this too simplistic and inefficient a solution? should i be thinking of incremental backups say with dump? does it make any sense to rsync the entire server drive? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: Which free board software for PostgeSQL?
On Friday 09 June 2006 02:37, Joachim Schipper wrote: > This is most likely an issue with httpd living in a chroot jail, no? > i guess so, but don't really know enough about chroot yet. anyway, rather than follow the much appreciated instructions craig gave, i looked at the punbb code and it seems to me that "localhost" wouldn't work as an entry because there are provisions for the dbhost to NOT BE "localhost", but none for it TO BE "localhost" (code snip below). also testing the output of the $connect_string shows that "host=localhost" never shows up, which must be why i couldn't connect. in any case, i changed the "localhost" to 127.0.0.1 and both phpBB and punBB installed fine. i presume that i am not running unix sockets but am doing what craig called the "TCP sockets over the loopback". things seem to be going very well with postgre! i have 2 test forums one with phpBB and the other with punBB running now for more than 12 hours without a problem, while my original mysql-phpBB forums seem to partially crash twice a day (a flush tables in mysql fixes things though, so i think the problem must be a mysql one rather than phpBB) - even when there has been barely any activity on them. oh yes - i really like punBB now that i've had some time with it. it is cleaner and neater (though admittedly not as visually aesthetic). just have to convince the forum users LOL. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's - if ($db_host != '') { if (strpos($db_host, ':') !== false) { list($db_host, $dbport) = explode(':', $db_host); $connect_str[] = 'host='.$db_host.' port='. $dbpor$ } else { if ($db_host != 'localhost') $connect_str[] = 'host='.$db_host; } } --
Re: Which free board software for PostgeSQL?
On Thursday 08 June 2006 13:03, Joachim Schipper wrote: > I use PHPBB with PostgreSQL 8.0, so it should work - 8.1 has changed > nothing which I could imagine breaking PHPBB > i just tried to get phpBB to work with postgresql8.1.3 and couldn't get it to install - kept getting that it couldn't make a connection to the db which is weird because i can connect to other dbs and even the same empty phpBB db i'm trying to install into using php myself. > However, as mentioned before, PHPBB isn't exactly secure. In fact, it > pretty much has its own box on my network... > well may be it's time for a fresh start - i'm encouraged by what terry wrote about punBB and feel the timing is punticularly punctual. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: cgi with chroot
On Wednesday 31 May 2006 00:20, Aiko Barz wrote: > Ruby is working for me too. Check this out: > the script is great, aiko and has helped my understanding a lot (i'm trying to learn ksh as well and it was nice to see a script like this in action!) (also thanks to marcus (and others) for the various tips. marcus, i will follow through on the scripting as per your suggestions, after i get the embedded ruby with mod_ruby to work.) i ran the script and the environment is all setup nicely. then i went to /usr/local/share/examples/mod_ruby and got the httpd.conf addititons (copied below) from there and put it into my httpd.conf file. then something happens that i don't understand. the RubyRequire apache/ruby-run causes no problems when i start apache, but when i try RubyRequire apache/eruby-run (which i need, i presume, to run the embedded .rhtml files) i get error messages spewed out: [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [error] mod_ruby: failed to require apache/eruby-run [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [notice] Accept mutex: sysvsem (Default: sysvsem) [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [error] mod_ruby: failed to require apache/eruby-run [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [error] mod_ruby: error in ruby [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [error] mod_ruby: error in ruby [Wed May 31 14:13:04 2006] [error] mod_ruby: /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/apache/eruby-run.rb:45:in `require': no such file to load -- eruby (LoadError) i find this weird because eruby is sitting right beside ruby in the apache folder!!??? yet it seems that it can't be found. finally, don't i also need a AddType application/x-httpd-ruby .rhtml -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's # You should specify the correct path to mod_ruby.so. LoadModule ruby_module /usr/local/apache/libexec/mod_ruby.so #note: this needs to be /usr/lib/apache/modules/mod_ruby.so# # # If ClearModuleList is used in your httpd.conf, you should use AddModule # # to activate the ruby module. # AddModule mod_ruby.c # If the ruby module is installed, this will be enabled. # for Apache::RubyRun RubyRequire apache/ruby-run # exec files under /ruby as ruby scripts. SetHandler ruby-object RubyHandler Apache::RubyRun.instance Options +ExecCGI # exec *.rbx as ruby scripts. SetHandler ruby-object RubyHandler Apache::RubyRun.instance # # for Apache::ERubyRun # RubyRequire apache/eruby-run # # # handle files under /eruby as eRuby files by eruby. # # SetHandler ruby-object # RubyHandler Apache::ERubyRun.instance # # # # handle *.rhtml as eruby files. # # SetHandler ruby-object # RubyHandler Apache::ERubyRun.instance # # # for Apache::ERbRun # RubyRequire apache/erb-run # # # handle files under /erb as eRuby files by ERb. # # SetHandler ruby-object # RubyHandler Apache::ERbRun.instance # # # for debug # RubyRequire auto-reload
Re: cgi with chroot
On Tuesday 30 May 2006 16:09, Jacob Yocom-Piatt wrote: > Original message > > man ldd. it will tell you which, if any, dynamic libraries you need in your > chroot. > thank jacob. it certainly seems like a good idea! ldd /usr/local/bin/ruby gave StartEnd Type Open Ref GrpRef Name exe 10 0 /usr/local/bin/ruby 0e71b000 2e749000 rlib 01 0 /usr/local/lib/libruby.so.1.84 03e03000 23e0a000 rlib 02 0 /usr/lib/libm.so.2.1 08573000 285a4000 rlib 01 0 /usr/lib/libc.so.39.0 0e0c 0e0c rtld 01 0 /usr/libexec/ld.so so i copied them appropriately into a usr dir under /var/www i have mod_ruby and the appropriate changes in the httpd.conf file. but still no go :( actually, i'm puzzled suddenly by all this. php sits in /usr/local/bin - yet it runs find having just the php.ini file inside the chroot environment. may be that file may give some clues as to how this was done for php and may point the way for ruby. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
cgi with chroot
i'm using php right now and things are fine. however, after reading various threads on the (recommended by several people here) MARC (http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=openbsd-misc) list, i was curious about learning some new things like: cgi fastcgi lighttpd ruby which came up in the discussions. i tried to got a ksh script to work after i copied the ksh into /var/www/bin my understanding is that the chrooted environment doesn't give access to the /bin/ksh program. i tried the same thing with python, but kept getting Internal Server Error on the browser and the following in the error_log: No such file or directory: exec of /htdocs/z/jonpy1.cgi failed Premature end of script headers: /htdocs/z/jonpy1.cgi i tried the same thing with ruby (copied both ruby and erb into /var/www/bin) and got the same thing again. so is there something else i need to do to get cgi working in openbsd's chrooted environment? (also, lighttpd looks really neat and clean, but i don't think it runs chrooted by default, right? (it's .conf file is in /etc) so to get it to do that would require understanding just what the chrooted process involves, which i can find from the web.) -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: ifficiency
On Monday 22 May 2006 17:54, you wrot > You can consider short-circuiting of Boolean evaluation greedy, but it a > feature which may also save clock cycles if the right-most sub-expressions > are costly to evaluate. > thanks to all for the responses! what a great list!! using the links and explanations provided, i was able to determine that php short-circuits evaluation (aka lazy evaluation): http://ca3.php.net/manual/hk/migration.booleval.php which is nice to know since i was thinking of rewriting some code (but now don't need to). i was puzzled reading something on one of the wikipedia links provided: "The opposite of lazy evaluation is eager evaluation, also known as strict evaluation. Eager evaluation is the evaluation behavior used in most programming languages." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_evaluation it would seem to me that lazy evaluation makes more sense than eager evaluation since it is both more logical and economical. i do not know much about language interpretation or compilation processes, but how can it possibly be of any advantage to do 2 things when you can get away doing just one? so why would 'most programming languages' NOT use it? there must be some benefit eager evaluation offers despite what seems to be a lack of efficient evaluation. is eager evaluation easier to design or implement perhaps? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
ifficiency
this is not openbsd specific, but i wanted to ask people who really understand the inner workings of programming languages. suppose that you have 2 conditions A and B where B take a lot of effort to determine (eg looking for a string match in a huge file). either A or B needs to be true before you can execute 'this'. the 2 if statements below are equivalent i think: if A or B: do this if A: do this elseif B: do this now, do they work the same way? in the second if A is true we don't need to go looking for B (the more laborious one). in the first, do both A and B get evaluated or does A get evaluated first (because it is first in sequence) and if it is true, no evaluation of B takes place? do all programming and shell languages handle this the same way? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
how to organize posts
i am curious as to what people do to accummulate and organize information emanating from this list. being primarily a forum user i never had this concern - there was nothing to organize. when you want to look for something just go to the search link and you find it. there is a similar 'search for patterns' on the maillist (that i haven't figured out yet), which sends posts to you - which looks very powerful. presently, i just take emails of interest into a folder and get to view them in threaded form. i imagine the idea is to 'build' ones own library of posts using the search feature as opposed to going to a forum to search each time you want something. any useful techniques that experienced people use would be appreciated. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
to upgrade or not to upgrade
i have 2 servers running 3.8 (since march 21) and doing very nicely. i had my own computer running 3.8 till monday, but wanted to see how the upgrade process worked and so it is running 3.9 now (again very nicely). should i upgrade the servers? possible rationale to do so: 1. keep all machines consistent 2. keep the upgrade process doable with adjacent versions 3. take advantage of some of the newer features and software possible rationale not to do so: 1. machines aren't doing same thing so perhaps they shouldn't be consistent 2. newer features and software may create problems for some sites (eg something coded for php4 may not work quite right away with php5) additionally, what is the feeling regarding upgrading vs fresh install? i found the upgrading to be very painless (even though the change from mysql 4 to mysql 5 added an extra db called information_schema for some reason that i don't understand yet). the upgrading faq says that you won't get quite the same thing though as a fresh install, but i certainly didn't interpret this comment to be in a negative sense. i presume that the upgrade process exists to be used and really is preferable to a fresh install so that we can keep moving up versions in the most efficient manner possible? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: inexplicable behaviour on godaddy.com
On May 4, 2006 11:40 am, Matthias Kilian wrote: > Try disabling Javascript. > thanks kili. doing that does speed things up, but of course i can't use most of godaddy. i tried mozilla and things work just fine so it all seems to be a konqueror issue - almost like it gets into some sort of accummulation loop and just goes slow. i'll ask on the kde boards. the ftp is just so strange though - tried ncftp today and same thing! it's almost like we lose the password and disconnect somehow (when i ftp in with mozilla and try anything, i'm asked to provide a password again). i tried openbsd 3.9 and got the same thing. i was reading in the openbsd docs that the pf filter can get unhappy with ftp, so i'll look further into that. thanks again to all. -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
inexplicable behaviour on godaddy.com
i'm using konqueror and everything is fantastic. except when i go to godaddy.com things are slow as molasses: the mouse takes several seconds to change from a hand to an arrow when leaving a link typing into forms takes several seconds per letter ftp access is quick until i try to download anything (this is true even if i use the standard ftp or axyftp or cftp) - then it usually doesn't work at all. the ftp thing is particularly strange because 1. ftp works great anywhere else other than godaddy 2. there are no problems when using freebsd going to godaddy 3. if i ssh into a freebsd box and ftp to godaddy everything is cool 4. if i ssh into another openbsd box and ftp to godaddy it's bad all this seems to suggest that openbsd doesn't like godaddy.com for some reason (or visa versa). i am not too familiar with ftp (i generally use fish anyway) and whether there are settings that need to be tweaked. thanks in advance for any ideas! -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: Why advocate Old daemon book?
On April 29, 2006 02:08 pm, Nick Holland wrote: > I've been watching them try to make programming "easier" and faster for > almost thirty years > this is one of the most thorough and enlightening posts i have seen on any forum or maillist!! truly filled with aphoristic wisdoms! i very much appreciate the time you took to write this, nick. you have not only answered my questions, both factually and creatively - just like good code, i guess ;), but have inspired me to learn openbsd (not simply use it). (and i might add, that not taking a thing of value for granted, will be making a donation shortly to openbsd). > I have an Osborne 1 > i almost bought one in the early 80s - $2000!! then i had another chance in the 90s - $20 but i didn't :( they are quite a work!! > It's a funny thing about goals. > Lots of people have 'em, few people live > by 'em, or will quickly compromise them for the most trivial of things. > the perfect words for me to keep in mind as i start with a very solidified outlook towards openbsd! and as daniel says, i, too will "always love to read Nick"! -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's
Re: Why advocate Old daemon book?
On April 29, 2006 02:09 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > The state of the art of computer science has gone (steadily?) downhill > for the last 30 (maybe 40) years. > The computers are bigger and faster, but the knowedge of what to do with > them has decayed. > > There are a few pockets of resistance to the decay. > what an interesting comment! i'm from the past - 1980s (pascal era even recall doing stuff with punch cards) and while i am not particularly experienced with computers, i do recall that back then things were 'harder' and you did have to know more aspects of what you were doing. for instance, i was brought up to believe that it was a good thing to declare your variables before using them and that there is one way in and one way out of a loop. you don't have to do all this anymore ... i enjoy the convenience and fluidity, but do wonder if this is a good thing? writing precise compact code back then was not just a matter of pride, but a necessity too. i have almost settled on openbsd as 'the system' for us after trying various linuxes and then the 3 'main' BSDs (couldn't get free and net to work the way we wanted to on our servers). i like the simplicity of openbsd and i especially like the fish!! i do have a question about goals. i have been told that freebsd (which ran quite well on my personal system) strives for performance and stability. apparently, it achieves both quite well too from what i have heard. openbsd, on the other hand, doesn't even mention performance or stability in its goals. (curiously, i've found on my system at least that some things seem to work faster on openbsd than freebsd.) so are performance and stability a bit of panacean bravado? is it possible that all the bsds perform competitively and have similar robustness? is that why netbsd chose to focus on being able to run even on a toaster, while openbsd emphasized security? -- In friendship, prad ... with you on your journey Towards Freedom http://www.towardsfreedom.com (website) Information, Inspiration, Imagination - truly a site for soaring I's