RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread DENNIS WILLIAMS

I think the real issue is who is going to keep the usernames and passwords
maintained. Is it you? Do you have that much spare time? Also, it can also
be inefficient with everyone's time. Someone gets hired. Their supervisor
sends you an email so you can create the userid. But wait, they forgot to
tell you which functions the employee needs access to. So you email the
supervisor back and wait for a reply. Then you complete the user signup.
Then it turns out the supervisor misspelled the employee's name (people are
so picky), so you get to remove what you did and repeat it again. Don't even
get me started on how they never tell you when someone leaves the
organization. And of course, there is the ever-popular I forgot my
password requests. My point is that creating and maintaining individual
Oracle accounts can be very time-consuming and put you, the DBA, in the
middle of a lot of application issues you really wouldn't need to be
concerned about otherwise. For some systems you will need to create and
maintain individual Oracle accounts. But my experience has been that if the
application can maintain the security and populate a table with logins, this
saves everyone a lot of time and trouble. Often the application security can
be handed off to a non-I.S. person, or even distributed among several
people. These people probably understand the user community and the
application requirements much better than a DBA does. Sure, on those rare
occasions when you need to find a user, it is an additional step, but if the
system is running pretty well that doesn't occur that often. As for
hiding/maintaining the underlying password(s), normally these will be buried
in the application. And it sure is easier to change the password in one
location and recompile the application. Anyway, these have been my
experiences with the applications I've worked with.
Dennis Williams 
DBA 
Lifetouch, Inc. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

-Original Message-
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 7:53 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L



 -Original Message- 
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [ mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ] 
 
   If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
 applications), 
 dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
 in either the 
 module or action. As long as the application is not using 
 dbms_application_info 
 to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session. 

Sure, but I will repeat what I said before: 
a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle userid
rather than by 
 v$session.client_info. Trigger example: 
create trigger orders_set_user 
 before insert or update on orders 
 for each row 
begin 
   :new.last_upd_user := user ; 
end orders_set_user ; 
/ 

b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more
importantly, changing the 
   password if it becomes compromised? 

-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: DENNIS WILLIAMS
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread kkennedy

I worked with one vendor's application that had a security administrator role.  The 
security administrator (not a DBA) had privileges to create Oracle users and grant 
necessary permissions.  The security administrator functions were all handled through 
the vendor front end software.  The method worked well, didn't cause DBA overload, and 
used the Oracle security model.

Kevin Kennedy
First Point Energy Corporation

If you take RAC out of Oracle you get OLE!  What can this mean?


-Original Message-
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 7:28 AM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L


I think the real issue is who is going to keep the usernames and passwords
maintained. Is it you? Do you have that much spare time? Also, it can also
be inefficient with everyone's time. Someone gets hired. Their supervisor
sends you an email so you can create the userid. But wait, they forgot to
tell you which functions the employee needs access to. So you email the
supervisor back and wait for a reply. Then you complete the user signup.
Then it turns out the supervisor misspelled the employee's name (people are
so picky), so you get to remove what you did and repeat it again. Don't even
get me started on how they never tell you when someone leaves the
organization. And of course, there is the ever-popular I forgot my
password requests. My point is that creating and maintaining individual
Oracle accounts can be very time-consuming and put you, the DBA, in the
middle of a lot of application issues you really wouldn't need to be
concerned about otherwise. For some systems you will need to create and
maintain individual Oracle accounts. But my experience has been that if the
application can maintain the security and populate a table with logins, this
saves everyone a lot of time and trouble. Often the application security can
be handed off to a non-I.S. person, or even distributed among several
people. These people probably understand the user community and the
application requirements much better than a DBA does. Sure, on those rare
occasions when you need to find a user, it is an additional step, but if the
system is running pretty well that doesn't occur that often. As for
hiding/maintaining the underlying password(s), normally these will be buried
in the application. And it sure is easier to change the password in one
location and recompile the application. Anyway, these have been my
experiences with the applications I've worked with.
Dennis Williams 
DBA 
Lifetouch, Inc. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

-Original Message-
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 7:53 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L



 -Original Message- 
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [ mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ] 
 
   If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
 applications), 
 dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
 in either the 
 module or action. As long as the application is not using 
 dbms_application_info 
 to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session. 

Sure, but I will repeat what I said before: 
a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle userid
rather than by 
 v$session.client_info. Trigger example: 
create trigger orders_set_user 
 before insert or update on orders 
 for each row 
begin 
   :new.last_upd_user := user ; 
end orders_set_user ; 
/ 

b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more
importantly, changing the 
   password if it becomes compromised? 

-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: DENNIS WILLIAMS
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Author: kkennedy
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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread Gene Sais

Another suggestion is to create an Application Administrator.  Create a user template 
for them w/ default privs, default tbs, etc.  Grant the app admin create/alter user 
privileges and let them manage the user community. 

hth,
Gene

 [EMAIL PROTECTED] 07/31/02 12:25PM 
I worked with one vendor's application that had a security administrator role.  The 
security administrator (not a DBA) had privileges to create Oracle users and grant 
necessary permissions.  The security administrator functions were all handled through 
the vendor front end software.  The method worked well, didn't cause DBA overload, and 
used the Oracle security model.

Kevin Kennedy
First Point Energy Corporation

If you take RAC out of Oracle you get OLE!  What can this mean?


-Original Message-
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 7:28 AM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L


I think the real issue is who is going to keep the usernames and passwords
maintained. Is it you? Do you have that much spare time? Also, it can also
be inefficient with everyone's time. Someone gets hired. Their supervisor
sends you an email so you can create the userid. But wait, they forgot to
tell you which functions the employee needs access to. So you email the
supervisor back and wait for a reply. Then you complete the user signup.
Then it turns out the supervisor misspelled the employee's name (people are
so picky), so you get to remove what you did and repeat it again. Don't even
get me started on how they never tell you when someone leaves the
organization. And of course, there is the ever-popular I forgot my
password requests. My point is that creating and maintaining individual
Oracle accounts can be very time-consuming and put you, the DBA, in the
middle of a lot of application issues you really wouldn't need to be
concerned about otherwise. For some systems you will need to create and
maintain individual Oracle accounts. But my experience has been that if the
application can maintain the security and populate a table with logins, this
saves everyone a lot of time and trouble. Often the application security can
be handed off to a non-I.S. person, or even distributed among several
people. These people probably understand the user community and the
application requirements much better than a DBA does. Sure, on those rare
occasions when you need to find a user, it is an additional step, but if the
system is running pretty well that doesn't occur that often. As for
hiding/maintaining the underlying password(s), normally these will be buried
in the application. And it sure is easier to change the password in one
location and recompile the application. Anyway, these have been my
experiences with the applications I've worked with.
Dennis Williams 
DBA 
Lifetouch, Inc. 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

-Original Message-
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 7:53 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L



 -Original Message- 
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [ mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ] 
 
   If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
 applications), 
 dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
 in either the 
 module or action. As long as the application is not using 
 dbms_application_info 
 to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session. 

Sure, but I will repeat what I said before: 
a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle userid
rather than by 
 v$session.client_info. Trigger example: 
create trigger orders_set_user 
 before insert or update on orders 
 for each row 
begin 
   :new.last_upd_user := user ; 
end orders_set_user ; 
/ 

b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more
importantly, changing the 
   password if it becomes compromised? 

-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com 
-- 
Author: DENNIS WILLIAMS
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Fat City Network Services-- (858) 538-5051  FAX: (858) 538-5051
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--
Author: kkennedy
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 

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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread groups



  I don't think administering usernames should be the DBAs responsibilty. There 
are better things to do than create/manage hundreds of users.

  But there are applications (for instance Siebel) which require you to create 
individual logins for each user. We have handled that by creating a package 
with creates/drops the users and also grants/revokes roles/privileges and 
creating a front end to it and letting the application administrator deal with 
it. Then we had applications which use one login for every user. Security is 
handled within the application. At least for one of them, we have been able to 
use triggers on the application base tables to create/drop the users and manage 
roles. Security is still handled within the application. The idea was not to 
drastically change the application. Instead of being logged in to the database 
and then validating the user against the application security tables, each user 
would first get authenticated by the database and then by the application. The 
only issue was we had to use database login triggers to switch the schema to 
the application schema. For web based applications which only use one login 
there is practically no way to identify a specific user when trying to 
troubleshoot issues. In this case I would suggest using dbms_application_info 
to set the username or something in v$session to identify that user.

Regards,
Denny

Quoting DENNIS WILLIAMS [EMAIL PROTECTED]:

 I think the real issue is who is going to keep the usernames and
 passwords
 maintained. Is it you? Do you have that much spare time? Also, it can
 also
 be inefficient with everyone's time. Someone gets hired. Their
 supervisor
 sends you an email so you can create the userid. But wait, they forgot
 to
 tell you which functions the employee needs access to. So you email
 the
 supervisor back and wait for a reply. Then you complete the user
 signup.
 Then it turns out the supervisor misspelled the employee's name (people
 are
 so picky), so you get to remove what you did and repeat it again. Don't
 even
 get me started on how they never tell you when someone leaves the
 organization. And of course, there is the ever-popular I forgot my
 password requests. My point is that creating and maintaining
 individual
 Oracle accounts can be very time-consuming and put you, the DBA, in
 the
 middle of a lot of application issues you really wouldn't need to be
 concerned about otherwise. For some systems you will need to create
 and
 maintain individual Oracle accounts. But my experience has been that if
 the
 application can maintain the security and populate a table with logins,
 this
 saves everyone a lot of time and trouble. Often the application security
 can
 be handed off to a non-I.S. person, or even distributed among several
 people. These people probably understand the user community and the
 application requirements much better than a DBA does. Sure, on those
 rare
 occasions when you need to find a user, it is an additional step, but if
 the
 system is running pretty well that doesn't occur that often. As for
 hiding/maintaining the underlying password(s), normally these will be
 buried
 in the application. And it sure is easier to change the password in
 one
 location and recompile the application. Anyway, these have been my
 experiences with the applications I've worked with.
 Dennis Williams 
 DBA 
 Lifetouch, Inc. 
 [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
 
 -Original Message-
 Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 7:53 PM
 To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L
 
 
 
  -Original Message- 
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [ mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
 mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ] 
  
If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
  applications), 
  dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
  in either the 
  module or action. As long as the application is not using 
  dbms_application_info 
  to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session. 
 
 Sure, but I will repeat what I said before: 
 a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle
 userid
 rather than by 
  v$session.client_info. Trigger example: 
 create trigger orders_set_user 
  before insert or update on orders 
  for each row 
 begin 
:new.last_upd_user := user ; 
 end orders_set_user ; 
 / 
 
 b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more
 importantly, changing the 
password if it becomes compromised? 

-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: 
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Fat City Network Services-- (858) 538-5051  FAX: (858) 538-5051
San Diego, California-- Public Internet access / Mailing Lists

To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message
to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in
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(or the name of mailing list you want to be 

RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread groups



  The DBA usually does not get to decide how the application is developed in 
most of the cases. We have to manage what's out there. There are some products 
which use one login for all users and manage security within the application. 
If the applications is web enabled, the changes are the DBA will have no way of 
figuring out the client machine/user when troubleshooting issues. In this case 
I would suggest using dbms_application_info maybe within a database logon 
trigger to set the username. Whether it's possible depends on the application. 
I was merely suggesting a way out, not recommending that it be done this way ;)

Regards,
Denny

Quoting Jacques Kilchoer [EMAIL PROTECTED]:

  -Original Message-
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
  
If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
  applications), 
  dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
  in either the 
  module or action. As long as the application is not using 
  dbms_application_info 
  to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session.
 
 Sure, but I will repeat what I said before:
 a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle
 userid
 rather than by
  v$session.client_info. Trigger example:
 create trigger orders_set_user
  before insert or update on orders
  for each row
 begin
:new.last_upd_user := user ;
 end orders_set_user ;
 /
 
 b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more
 importantly, changing the
password if it becomes compromised?
 

-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: 
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).



RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-31 Thread Jacques Kilchoer
Title: RE: Ids and passwords for application users





 -Original Message-
 From: DENNIS WILLIAMS [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
 
 I think the real issue is who is going to keep the usernames 
 and passwords
 maintained. Is it you? Do you have that much spare time?


At my previous employer, the responsibility of maintaining usernames at the OS level (for those that needed OS accounts), the network level (e.g. e-mail) and ALSO the database level was the responsibility of someone in the systems administration group. We wrote a package for them with interfaces to add a username with the appropriate role / password, another function to remove a username, and a third function to change a user's password. If your company is large enough that adding/removing usernames happens frequently, then obviously it should not be the task of the DBA.

I realize that some third-party applications are written to depend on a single username in the database. But how can you force those applications to use dbms_application_info to generate some client information unique to each user? For any in-house application I still think that individual usernames are preferrable.




RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-30 Thread Richard Huntley
Title: RE: Ids and passwords for application users





Peter,


not clear on if the database is going to be used by developers doing
development work or will an application use it and you'll have up to 300
application users?


If it's an application, how about making one account that owns all of the DB
objects, another generic account on top of that which you grant access to execute
packages, select on tables, etc...so that it can access the objects owned by real account
but has limited abilities accept through privileges it's been granted. That is,


app_owner - owns all DB objects
app_user - owns no DB objects, but has restricted access to objects owned by PRODUCTION
tech_support - granted select privileges only
user1/user1, user2/user2, etc... - id's and passwords stored in a table, password encrypted


When a user needs access to the application, they give login/password as user1/user1, but the 
application uses the APP_USER account, to look in the table that stores the logins to see if the
user is valid, and if so, the application loads, if not they're denied access.


HTH



-Original Message-
From: Schauss, Peter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 4:59 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L
Subject: Ids and passwords for application users



I am in the process of designing a small database which may have
as many as 250 to 300 users. We are reaching a stage where we need
to decide how we will control access to this database. As I see it
we have two options:


1. Provide a single hidden login for the entire application and control
access to the applicaiton itself either by roll your own security or
using the operating system (UNIX) controls.


2. Create ids for the users in Oracle and grant them access
to the necessary tables using roles.


Any opinions or alternate suggestions?


thanks,


Peter Schauss
-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: Schauss, Peter
 INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]


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also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).





RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-30 Thread groups



  If a common login is used (which is the case with most applications), 
dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username in either the 
module or action. As long as the application is not using dbms_application_info 
to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session.

Regards,
Denny

Quoting Jacques Kilchoer [EMAIL PROTECTED]:

 I always preferred the option of having a userid for each person,
 because it
 makes it easier to match session to user. When you say userid
 dwilliams
 locking a table you know who to call, but if you see userid app_user
 you
 have to do some extra work to track the person down. From a developer
 point
 of view, it's easier to determine the name of the logged in user (use
 built-in user function) than it would be to find out the machine name
 /
 application name (select * from v$session).
 If you have only one username with a password hard-coded in the
 application,
 how do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or changing the
 password if it becomes compromised?
 
  -Original Message-
  From: DENNIS WILLIAMS [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
  
  Peter - Go with option #1 unless you relish a career as an 
  Oracle security
  officer. With option #1 the developers can create some administrator
  screens. Unless security is really, really critical.
  
  -Original Message-
  
  I am in the process of designing a small database which may have
  as many as 250 to 300 users.  We are reaching a stage where we need
  to decide how we will control access to this database.  As I see it
  we have two options:
  
  1.  Provide a single hidden login for the entire application 
  and control
  access to the applicaiton itself either by roll your own security
 or
  using the operating system (UNIX) controls.
  
  2.  Create ids for the users in Oracle and grant them access
  to the necessary tables using roles.
  
  Any opinions or alternate suggestions?
  
  Peter Schauss
-- 
Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
-- 
Author: 
  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-30 Thread Jacques Kilchoer
Title: RE: Ids and passwords for application users





 -Original Message-
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
 
 If a common login is used (which is the case with most 
 applications), 
 dbms_application_info can be used to set the actual username 
 in either the 
 module or action. As long as the application is not using 
 dbms_application_info 
 to set both, you should be able to get the info from v$session.


Sure, but I will repeat what I said before:
a) It's easier to write code if the user is determined by the Oracle userid rather than by
v$session.client_info. Trigger example:
create trigger orders_set_user
before insert or update on orders
for each row
begin
 :new.last_upd_user := user ;
end orders_set_user ;
/


b) How do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or, more importantly, changing the
 password if it becomes compromised?





RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-29 Thread Scott . Shafer

--Create roles for the possible user types.
--Grant permissions to the roles.
--Create induhvidual lusers in the database.
--Assign the appropriate role to the appopriate luser.

Anything else can quickly become a maintenance/monitoring nightmare.  This
is why roles were rolled out.

Scott Shafer
San Antonio, TX
210-581-6217


 -Original Message-
 From: Schauss, Peter [SMTP:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
 Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 3:59 PM
 To:   Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L
 Subject:  Ids and passwords for application users
 
 I am in the process of designing a small database which may have
 as many as 250 to 300 users.  We are reaching a stage where we need
 to decide how we will control access to this database.  As I see it
 we have two options:
 
 1.  Provide a single hidden login for the entire application and control
 access to the applicaiton itself either by roll your own security or
 using the operating system (UNIX) controls.
 
 2.  Create ids for the users in Oracle and grant them access
 to the necessary tables using roles.
 
 Any opinions or alternate suggestions?
 
 thanks,
 
 Peter Schauss
 -- 
 Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
 -- 
 Author: Schauss, Peter
   INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 
 Fat City Network Services-- (858) 538-5051  FAX: (858) 538-5051
 San Diego, California-- Public Internet access / Mailing Lists
 
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 to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in
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 (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from).  You may
 also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-29 Thread DENNIS WILLIAMS

Peter - Go with option #1 unless you relish a career as an Oracle security
officer. With option #1 the developers can create some administrator
screens. Unless security is really, really critical.
Dennis Williams
DBA
Lifetouch, Inc.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]


-Original Message-
Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 3:59 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L


I am in the process of designing a small database which may have
as many as 250 to 300 users.  We are reaching a stage where we need
to decide how we will control access to this database.  As I see it
we have two options:

1.  Provide a single hidden login for the entire application and control
access to the applicaiton itself either by roll your own security or
using the operating system (UNIX) controls.

2.  Create ids for the users in Oracle and grant them access
to the necessary tables using roles.

Any opinions or alternate suggestions?

thanks,

Peter Schauss
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Author: Schauss, Peter
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RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-29 Thread Jacques Kilchoer
Title: RE: Ids and passwords for application users





I always preferred the option of having a userid for each person, because it makes it easier to match session to user. When you say userid dwilliams locking a table you know who to call, but if you see userid app_user you have to do some extra work to track the person down. From a developer point of view, it's easier to determine the name of the logged in user (use built-in user function) than it would be to find out the machine name / application name (select * from v$session).

If you have only one username with a password hard-coded in the application, how do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or changing the password if it becomes compromised?

 -Original Message-
 From: DENNIS WILLIAMS [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
 
 Peter - Go with option #1 unless you relish a career as an 
 Oracle security
 officer. With option #1 the developers can create some administrator
 screens. Unless security is really, really critical.
 
 -Original Message-
 
 I am in the process of designing a small database which may have
 as many as 250 to 300 users. We are reaching a stage where we need
 to decide how we will control access to this database. As I see it
 we have two options:
 
 1. Provide a single hidden login for the entire application 
 and control
 access to the applicaiton itself either by roll your own security or
 using the operating system (UNIX) controls.
 
 2. Create ids for the users in Oracle and grant them access
 to the necessary tables using roles.
 
 Any opinions or alternate suggestions?
 
 Peter Schauss





RE: Ids and passwords for application users

2002-07-29 Thread Mandar A. Ghosalkar
Title: RE: Ids and passwords for application users



trying 
to understand how oracle 9i proxy authentication work.

is 
anyone using it?

  -Original Message-From: Jacques Kilchoer 
  [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 4:28 
  PMTo: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-LSubject: RE: 
  Ids and passwords for application users
  I always preferred the option of having a userid for each 
  person, because it makes it easier to match session to user. When you say 
  userid "dwilliams" locking a table you know who to call, but if you see userid 
  "app_user" you have to do some extra work to track the person down. >From a 
  developer point of view, it's easier to determine the name of the logged in 
  user (use built-in "user" function) than it would be to find out the machine 
  name / application name (select * from v$session).
  If you have only one username with a password hard-coded in 
  the application, how do you plan on hiding the password from the user, or 
  changing the password if it becomes compromised?
   -Original Message-  
  From: DENNIS WILLIAMS [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] 
Peter - Go with option #1 
  unless you relish a career as an  Oracle 
  security  officer. With option #1 the developers 
  can create some administrator  screens. Unless 
  security is really, really critical.  
   -Original Message-   I am in the process of designing a 
  small database which may have  as many as 250 to 
  300 users. We are reaching a stage where we need  to decide how we will control access to this database. As I 
  see it  we have two options:   1. Provide a single hidden 
  login for the entire application  and 
  control  access to the applicaiton itself either 
  by "roll your own" security or  using the 
  operating system (UNIX) controls.  
   2. Create ids for the users in Oracle and 
  grant them access  to the necessary tables using 
  roles.   Any opinions 
  or alternate suggestions?   Peter Schauss