DFW Pythoneer Meetings This Week
The Dallas-Ft. Worth Pythoneers are having three meetings this week. [1] Thursday, November 10th (i.e. Every Second Thursday) From 7 pm until 10 pm at Snuffer's Restaurant and Bar in Addison on Midway, we have a *social get-together*. Sure to be on the agenda is discussion about our recent experiences with learning Zope 3 and establishing a club IRC channel. Snuffer's Restaurant and Bar 14910 Midway Rd. Addison, TX 75244 972-991-8811 We meet in the glassed-in patio and try to have Python-related books and signs scattered about so people can find us. [2] Friday, November 11th (Kickoff of Ft. Worth Chapter) The first meeting of the Fort Worth chapter, we're trying to build up a group for those who find it difficult to drive all the way to Dallas/Addison. If you want local meetings, please make your presence known. We're meeting from 6 pm until 8 pm at: Artistic Blends 5298 Trail Lake Drive Fort Worth, TX 76133 (817) 292.4744 Look for the Kylixitis shirt wearing individual. [3] Saturday, November 12th (i.e. Second Saturday Hands-On Sessions) We start gathering at 1 pm and formally start at 2 pm. This is *hands-on programming* so bring your laptops. The site has both wired and wireless Internet, and we have a projector for talks. We run until 5 pm and then break for a group dinner. We're at the tables in the big middle of the bookstore, with laptops, hubs and cables everywhere. Easy to find. NerdBooks.com 1681 Firman Drive Richardson, TX 75081 (972) 470-9600 The topics this time will be Zope 3 and more Extreme Programming, applied to the web-based talks scheduler we're constructing as a group project for the PyCon conference. Next time, the Fourth Saturday, we hope to have a demo/talk of the Django web framework. Locations, times and *maps* for all events are maintained at: http://python.meetup.com/10/events/ The DFW Pythoneers maintain a club wiki/mailing list at: http://www.python.org/dfw Hope to see you there, and especially some new faces! Jeff Rush, DFW Pythoneers Coordinator -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Chicago Python Users Group, Thurs Nov 10
November topics are Remote, Generic and Random, just like us. We'll have presentations on PyRO (Python Remote Objects) by Fawad Halim, generic functions (as implemented in RuleDispatch) by Ian Bicking, and the standard library random module by Robert Ramsdell. There will also be time to chat, and many opportunities to ask questions. We encourage people at all levels to attend. We'll be meeting at 7 PM, Thursday November 10, in downtown Chicago at Performics 180 N. Lasalle 12th floor. RSVP is necessary for building security, email [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of RSVP for ChiPy to be added to the list. If you aren't sure if you can come, email just in case. About ChiPy (http://chipy.org): ChiPy meets on the second Thursday of each month, at different locations around Chicagoland. If you are interested in goings-on, please subscribe to our mailing list: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/chicago -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
mo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Can somebody explain how to stop a WHILE loop in running program by pressing ESC key? depends on the platform. on windows, you can use the mscvrt module: import msvcrt while ...: ... if msvcrt.kbhit() and msvcrt.getch() == chr(27): break ... also see the second example on this page: http://effbot.org/tag/python.msvcrt /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
Hello, I need to import some big data into Excel from my Python script. I have TXT file (~7,5 Mb). Im using Pywin32 library for that, but if I first try to read the TXT file and then save the values one by one like xlBook.Sheets(sheet_name).Cells(i,j).Value = value_from_TXT_file it takes about 10 hours to process wholedata (and it's not acceptable in my case). I just wonder if its possible to speed up the process. F.e. by using xlApp.Workbooks.OpenText() function I was trying to do that, but I dont have any documentation for the function and it doesnt work. BR, Dima -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
mo wrote: Can somebody explain how to stop a WHILE loop in running program by pressing ESC key? On Unix-like systems try: import termios, fcntl, sys, os fd = sys.stdin.fileno() oldterm = termios.tcgetattr(fd) newattr = termios.tcgetattr(fd) newattr[3] = newattr[3] ~termios.ICANON ~termios.ECHO termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, newattr) oldflags = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL) fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, oldflags | os.O_NONBLOCK) i = 0 try: while 1: print i i += 1 try: char = sys.stdin.read(1) if char == '\x1b': print Bye! break except IOError: pass finally: termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, oldterm) fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, oldflags) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
image
why the following code report the error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py,
line 310, in RunScript
exec codeObject in __main__.__dict__
File C:\Python23\Examples\AppB\text.py, line 24, in ?
text.image_create(END, image=photo)
File C:\Python23\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py, line 2882, in image_create
return self.tk.call(
TclError: image pyimage4 doesn't exist
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.option_readfile('optionDB')
root.title('Text')
text = Text(root, height=26, width=50)
scroll = Scrollbar(root, command=text.yview)
text.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)
text.tag_configure('bold_italics', font=('Verdana', 12, 'bold', 'italic'))
text.tag_configure('big', font=('Verdana', 24, 'bold'))
text.tag_configure('color', foreground='blue', font=('Tempus Sans ITC', 14))
text.tag_configure('groove', relief=GROOVE, borderwidth=2)
text.tag_bind('bite', '1',
lambda e, t=text: t.insert(END, I'll bite your legs off!))
text.insert(END, 'Something up with my banter, chaps?\n')
text.insert(END, 'Four hours to bury a cat?\n', 'bold_italics')
text.insert(END, 'Can I call you Frank?\n', 'big')
text.insert(END, What's happening Thursday then?\n, 'color')
text.insert(END, 'Did you write this symphony in the shed?\n', 'groove')
button = Button(text, text='I do live at 46 Horton terrace')
text.window_create(END, window=button)
photo=PhotoImage(file='img52.gif')
text.image_create(END, image=photo)
text.insert(END, 'I dare you to click on this\n', 'bite')
text.pack(side=LEFT)
scroll.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
root.mainloop()
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: overloading *something
On Mon, 7 Nov 2005 20:39:46 -0800, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Monday 07 November 2005 20:21, Robert Kern wrote: James Stroud wrote: Hello All, How does one make an arbitrary class (e.g. class myclass(object)) behave like a list in method calls with the *something operator? What I mean is: myobj = myclass() doit(*myobj) I've looked at getitem, getslice, and iter. What is it if not one of these? And, how about the **something operator? Avoiding magic at the expense of terseness, I would do something like the following: class myclass(object): def totuple(self): ... def todict(self): ... myargs = myclass() mykwds = myclass() doit(*myargs.totuple(), **mykwds.todict()) Actually, I retried __iter__ and it worked. I'm not sure how I screwed it up before. So I'm happy to report a little magic: py def doit(*args): ... print args ... py class bob: ... def __init__(self, length): ... self.length = length ... def __iter__(self): ... return iter(xrange(self.length)) ... py b = bob(8) py list(b) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] py doit(*b) (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) I think you can also just define __getitem__ if that's handier. E.g., class MyClass(object): ... def __init__(self, limit=1): self.limit=limit ... def __getitem__(self, i): ... if i self.limit: return i**3 ... raise StopIteration ... myobj = MyClass(5) list(myobj) [0, 1, 8, 27, 64] list(MyClass(10)) [0, 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729] Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Distributed Cache Server?
har nah, think I'll give BT a miss for this purpose. Yeah, know it was a loaded question (no specifics), but was really only thinking out aloud. The plans are: - Multiple copies of data on different machines (just thinking 2 copies of the data) - Load spread over multiple machines... anything between 2-lots (again, not being specific). - Data itself I'm expecting to be low a few Gb at tops (but ofcourse, as this extends I might want to increase the size) - Haven't thought a LOT about automatic handling of errors.. yet. - and its assumed to be on a trusted network. Apart from memcached, I haven't seen anything similar to what I'm after (plus to be perfectly honest. I wouldn't mind coding it up anyway) ;) Was just feeling about to see if anything else is out there. KenF ps. btw, only part of it is theoretical, a lot of this I've already coded, but not targetted towards large scale (100's machines etc)... So am thinking what I'd need to consider to increase this to a larger scale. Roger Binns wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Does anyone know if a distributed caching system has been developed for use with Python? BitTorrent :-) Yes, distributed caching system is a bit of a general term, but am really just talking about something as simple as key + value (arbitrary class) which can be split over a number of machines in an efficient manner. You'll need to define what the sweet spot is that you are aiming for. Are we talking tens of thousands of keys or billions? How big is the data (megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes?) Do you need transactional integrity (eg when are updates seen by other readers)? Do you want redundancy (data duplicated on multiple machines)? How many machines are we talking about? Should failure be automatically detected? Is there a need for security or treating the machines as untrusted? Roger -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: overloading *something
James Stroud wrote: I was attempting to re-define iter of a subclassed list, to find the magic method, but it didn't work. class List(list): ... def __iter__(self): return iter(abc) ... a = List([1,2,3]) list(a) ['a', 'b', 'c'] tuple(a) (1, 2, 3) list-to-tuple conversion is optimized for performance -- basically a memcopy() of the internal data. As with a similar peculiarity with file.write() and the print statement, the problem could be shunned if python would check for the exact class instead of a test that is equivalent to isinstance(). Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: socket receive file does not match sent file
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: while True: data = f.read(8192) if not data: break else: s.send(data) What is the cause of the problem, can anyone tell me? using sendall instead of send should fix this. see the library reference for details: send( string[, flags]) Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. The optional flags argument has the same meaning as for recv() above. Returns the number of bytes sent. Applications are responsible for checking that all data has been sent; if only some of the data was transmitted, the application needs to attempt delivery of the remaining data. sendall( string[, flags]) Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. The optional flags argument has the same meaning as for recv() above. Unlike send(), this method continues to send data from string until either all data has been sent or an error occurs. None is returned on success. On error, an exception is raised, and there is no way to determine how much data, if any, was successfully sent. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: image
Shi Mu wrote: why the following code report the error: Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py, line 310, in RunScript exec codeObject in __main__.__dict__ File C:\Python23\Examples\AppB\text.py, line 24, in ? text.image_create(END, image=photo) File C:\Python23\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py, line 2882, in image_create return self.tk.call( TclError: image pyimage4 doesn't exist works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter. have you tried running the script outside the pywin environment? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Addressing the last element of a list
Isn't there an easier way than lst[len(lst) - 1] = ... ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Class Variable Access and Assignment
Antoon Pardon wrote: Fine that goes both ways. I don't mind not being taken serious by people I have trouble taking serious my self. No doubt that goes for you too. You know Antoon, these internet communities aren't really like Speaker Corner in Hyde Park. You earn respect based on your merits, not from the stubborn persistence in you arguments. Steve has written a very good book on Python, he's worked a lot with Python conferences, and helped people on comp.lang.python for years etc. He has earned his respect. You are fighting wind mills, bickering about things that you don't have any solutions for. It's possible that you have just not realized how Python handles objects, names and classes, but I can't understand what you are trying to accomplish. What can you possibly try to convey that you haven't already stated? It's as if you've got stuck in this thread. In the real world, I haven't heard of anyone ever having had problems with this. Isn't it better to let it go and to spend your time on something constructive? I recently heard a priest say, that the difference between the saint and the fanatic is that the fanatic tries to remove the evil in the world, while the saint tries to remove the evil in himself. Just as introspection is useful both in fighting evil and in Python programming, I think it's useful when we get into heated discussions. I've always loved heated discussions, but over time, I've come to realize that the best thing that can happen in such a discussion is to realize that I was wrong. Then I've learnt something! If I don't change my mind, I'm just standing still. In that case, it might be useful for someone else, if she or he learnt something from it, but the best thing is if I learn something. This thread is all to infected to lead to good things. Hopefully you'll learn something about communication from it, but the price has been higher than you might be aware of right now. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Or alternatively: Is there a way to make reference to the last element of a list, to use as a shorthand: ref := lst[len(lst) - 1] # I know syntax is wrong, but you get the idea and then using the last element of the list by (assuming the element is a dict): ref[foo] = 42 ref[bar] = Ni! etc. /David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: image
yes. I use both cmd and pythonwin to run it. why both of them can not work? On 11/8/05, Fredrik Lundh [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Shi Mu wrote: why the following code report the error: Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py, line 310, in RunScript exec codeObject in __main__.__dict__ File C:\Python23\Examples\AppB\text.py, line 24, in ? text.image_create(END, image=photo) File C:\Python23\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py, line 2882, in image_create return self.tk.call( TclError: image pyimage4 doesn't exist works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter. have you tried running the script outside the pywin environment? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
I knew there was an easy way :) Just to satisfy my curiousity: Is there a way to do something like the reference solution I suggest above? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
DFW Pythoneer Meetings This Week
The Dallas-Ft. Worth Pythoneers are having three meetings this week. [1] Thursday, November 10th (i.e. Every Second Thursday) From 7 pm until 10 pm at Snuffer's Restaurant and Bar in Addison on Midway, we have a *social get-together*. Sure to be on the agenda is discussion about our recent experiences with learning Zope 3 and establishing a club IRC channel. Snuffer's Restaurant and Bar 14910 Midway Rd. Addison, TX 75244 972-991-8811 We meet in the glassed-in patio and try to have Python-related books and signs scattered about so people can find us. [2] Friday, November 11th (Kickoff of Ft. Worth Chapter) The first meeting of the Fort Worth chapter, we're trying to build up a group for those who find it difficult to drive all the way to Dallas/Addison. If you want local meetings, please make your presence known. We're meeting from 6 pm until 8 pm at: Artistic Blends 5298 Trail Lake Drive Fort Worth, TX 76133 (817) 292.4744 Look for the Kylixitis shirt wearing individual. [3] Saturday, November 12th (i.e. Second Saturday Hands-On Sessions) We start gathering at 1 pm and formally start at 2 pm. This is *hands-on programming* so bring your laptops. The site has both wired and wireless Internet, and we have a projector for talks. We run until 5 pm and then break for a group dinner. We're at the tables in the big middle of the bookstore, with laptops, hubs and cables everywhere. Easy to find. NerdBooks.com 1681 Firman Drive Richardson, TX 75081 (972) 470-9600 The topics this time will be Zope 3 and more Extreme Programming, applied to the web-based talks scheduler we're constructing as a group project for the PyCon conference. Next time, the Fourth Saturday, we hope to have a demo/talk of the Django web framework. Locations, times and *maps* for all events are maintained at: http://python.meetup.com/10/events/ The DFW Pythoneers maintain a club wiki/mailing list at: http://www.python.org/dfw Hope to see you there, and especially some new faces! Jeff Rush, DFW Pythoneers Coordinator -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[OTAnn] Groups:New Developments at Roomity
I was interested in getting feedback from current communities of Roomity.com and let you know the recent improvements we are working on for better interface.Roomity.com v 1.5 is a web 2.01/RiA poster child community webapp. This new version adds broadcast video, social networking such as favorite authors and html editor.Its likely already you have groups and content you are already using but aggregated and safer, including technology, Java, etc., but it only works on broadband.S.*This is not spam! I work for Roomity and are trying to find better ways to enhance our members' experience.Broadband interface (RIA) + mail box saftey = Python_General_Discussion_List.roomity.com*Your* clubs, no sign up to read, ad supported; try broadband internet. ~~1131142545482~~-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
what the %?....
Hey can somebody tell me what the "%" function does...I am not math illiterate...its just a new symbol for meis it a divisor? remainder something another?? thanks -xray- Yahoo! FareChase - Search multiple travel sites in one click. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python server
linuxpld wrote: I`m writing a program (server in future) in python. I would like to write it in such a way that I will be able to write gui in any language and connect to my python program and use functionality included with it. are there any libraries that I could use? Thee are many solutions. An XML-RPC server springs to mind as a solution. There are several Python XML-RPC servers, and clients for a wide range of languages, see: http://xmlrpc.scripting.com/directory/1568/implementations Plain sockets can work of course, but that's fairly low level: You'll need to device a protocol etc. For more possible solutions, see http://www.thinkware.se/cgi-bin/thinki.cgi/UsingPythonWithOtherLanguages -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Aloha, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Isn't there an easier way than lst[len(lst) - 1] = ... lst[-1] = ... Wishing a happy day LOBI -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[OTAnn] Feedback
I was interested in getting feedback from current mail group users.We have mirrored your mail list in a new application that provides a more aggregated and safe environment which utilizes the power of broadband.Roomity.com v 1.5 is a web 2.01 community webapp. Our newest version adds broadcast video and social networking such as favorite authors and an html editor.It?s free to join and any feedback would be appreciated.S.Broadband interface (RIA) + mail box saftey = Python_General_Discussion_List.roomity.com*Your* clubs, no sign up to read, ad supported; try broadband internet. ~~1131397871462~~-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just to satisfy my curiousity: Is there a way to do something like the reference solution I suggest above? No. You cannot overload assignment. Of course, for mutable objects you can use the object as the reference to itself. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to convert a number to hex number?
I try this command:
import string
string.atoi('78',16)
120
this is 120 not 4E.
Someone can tell me how to convert a decimal number to hex number? Can
print A, B, C,DEF.
Thank you.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.getmtime on winXP
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 07:57:44 +0100, =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jorg_R=F8dsj=F8?= [EMAIL
PROTECTED] wrote:
[sorry to those reading twice, but I just realised that I had posted
this after mucking about with the date on my machine to try to figure
this out -- so the message probably went into last months messages for
most people including me.]
Hi
I'm trying to use os.path.getmtime to check if a file has been modified.
My OS is WinXP. The problem is, that when the os changes from/to
daylight savings time, the result is suddenly off by 3600 seconds ie.
one hour, even if the file remains the same.
Well, if the file hasn't been modified, the file time should be wrt
a constant epoch, so you must be observing a DST-corrected conversion
of that number, but you don't show what you are using.
E.g. you can convert with time.localtime or time.gmtime, and format the
result any way you want with time.strftime(...)
time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
time.localtime(os.path.getmtime('wc.py')))
'2003-09-10 14:38:57'
time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(os.path.getmtime('wc.py')))
'2003-09-10 21:38:57'
Which comes from
os.path.getmtime('wc.py')
1063229937
And default localtime formatting is
time.ctime(os.path.getmtime('wc.py'))
'Wed Sep 10 14:38:57 2003'
which is
time.asctime(time.localtime(os.path.getmtime('wc.py')))
'Wed Sep 10 14:38:57 2003'
the GMT version of which is
time.asctime(time.gmtime(os.path.getmtime('wc.py')))
'Wed Sep 10 21:38:57 2003'
reflecting
os.system('dir wc.py')
Volume in drive C is System
Volume Serial Number is 14CF-C4B9
Directory of c:\pywk\clp
03-09-10 14:38595 wc.py
I've tried using win32file.GetFileTime, and it reports a consistent
number, regardless of DST.
What is happening here? My first thought is that getmtime should measure
'raw' time, and not be concerned with DST, and thus give me the same
result no matter the date on the machine I call it. Is the module broken
in some way, or am I just missing something here?
How did you format the number you got from os.path.getmtime?
You might want to try some of the above.
If you actually created/modified files just before and after the DST change
and saw an extra hour difference instead of the time between the two actions,
then maybe I'd look into whether the OS has some perverse option to use local
DST
time to record in the file stat info, but that's hard to believe. More likely
someone
is messing with with raw file time setting, like touch. Don't have it handy to
see
what DST assumptions it makes if any.
Regards,
Bengt Richter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Lie Hetland book: Beginning Python..
Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]: No, you actually did quite a creditable piece of debugging. The DB-API specifications allow database modules to substitute parameters into SQL commands in a number of different ways, and they are supposed to indicate the technique they use by setting a module variable paramstyle to one of five possible values. Magnus' original code was written to use a different (but valid) paramstyle, so I'm guessing that his sqlite module and your sqlite2 simply use different paramstyles. Whether that's because a change was made in developing the pysqlite code or because pysqlite and pysqlite2 come from different developers I couldn't say, but you have nailed the problem. Well done! Thanks Steve for your encouragement. Actually, subsequently to my posting, I had realised that the point was in the different version of the Pysqlite interface: in fact I found many other pieces of code which were affected the same way, and each of them made use of import pysqlite. Nonetheless, I was unable to find any documentation about such a different behaviour between Pysqlite and Pysqlite2; from my beginner point of view the Pysqlite (Magnus' version) paramstyle looks a better and more pythonic choice and I don't grasp the Pysqlite2 developers' intentions deviating from that way. I would be very grateful if someone would cast a light over Pysqlite/Pysqlite2 discrepancies. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
what do you mean by alias ? a = b now both a and b refers to the same object. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: So there is no way in Python to make an alias for an object? /David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
I just want an alias. Ideally, I don't want to deal with pointers or special reference types etc. After all, this is not C++ :) I just want to be able to make a reference to any old thing in Python. A list, an integer variable, a function etc. so that I, in complicated cases, can make a shorthand. If myRef could somehow point at something long an complicated like a[42][pos][-4], that might be useful. /David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: image
File C:\Python23\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py, line 2882, in image_create return self.tk.call( TclError: image pyimage4 doesn't exist works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter. have you tried running the script outside the pywin environment? btw, the error message indicates that the problem is that PythonWin doesn't clean things up between runs, so you end up creating new Tk objects every time you try the script. but when you call PhotoImage, it uses the default root window (which was created the first time you called Tk), so you get back an image that's associated with another Tk instance. it's really an issue with PythonWin, but if you cannot switch to an IDE that runs your scripts in a separate process, you can work around the problem by passing in an explicit master to the PhotoImage factory: photo=PhotoImage(file='...', master=root) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to convert a number to hex number?
Hi! Try hex: hex(120) '0x78' Consider converting string - int using the int()-function: print int.__doc__ int(x[, base]) - integer Convert a string or number to an integer, if possible. A floating point argument will be truncated towards zero (this does not include a string representation of a floating point number!) When converting a string, use the optional base. It is an error to supply a base when converting a non-string. If the argument is outside the integer range a long object will be returned instead. Daniel -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
Thanks, I tryed your example: import msvcrt while 1: print '.' if msvcrt.kbhit() and msvcrt.getch() == chr(27): break but it doesn't work. It is running (Win2000), there is no messages about errors but there is no effect when pressing ESC key. What I am doing wrong? mo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
But if lst[42][pos] happens to hold an integer value, then a = lst[42][pos] will _copy_ that integer value into 'a', right? Changing 'a' will not change the value at lst[42][pos] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RAW_INPUT-----NEVERMIND I FIGURED IT OUT
i had posted a previous question but I figured it out...thanks Yahoo! FareChase - Search multiple travel sites in one click. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.getmtime on winXP
Bengt Richter wrote: How did you format the number you got from os.path.getmtime? I'm not doing any formating at all. I am just looking at the numbers of seconds since epoch. Which is what makes it so strange. You might want to try some of the above. I'll do that. At the moment I'm looking at the difference between localtime and gmtime to see if my computer is in dst. If it is not, I just add 3600 seconds to the result from os.path.getmtime -- which then should give consistent results. If you actually created/modified files just before and after the DST change and saw an extra hour difference instead of the time between the two actions, then maybe I'd look into whether the OS has some perverse option to use local DST time to record in the file stat info, but that's hard to believe. More likely someone is messing with with raw file time setting, like touch. Don't have it handy to see what DST assumptions it makes if any. The files I am testing with have not been modified for a long time. Windows reports the modified date as being the same, no matter what I do (both through the gui, and through win32file). And they all show the same strange 3600 sec difference with/without dst when I call getmtime on them. -jorg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On 8 Nov 2005 01:12:07 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I knew there was an easy way :)
Just to satisfy my curiousity: Is there a way to do something like the
reference solution I suggest above?
If the last element in the list was a dict, then you could do something like
lst = ['the', 'last', 'element of this list is a dict', {'key':key's
value}]
ref = lst[-1]
ref
{'key': key's value}
ref[foo] =42
ref['bar'] = 'Ni!'
ref
{'foo': 42, 'bar': 'Ni!', 'key': key's value}
ref['key']
key's value
ref['bar']
'Ni!'
del ref['key']
ref
{'foo': 42, 'bar': 'Ni!'}
FWIW ;-)
Regards,
Bengt Richter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Peter Otten wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just to satisfy my curiousity: Is there a way to do something like the reference solution I suggest above? No. You cannot overload assignment. I have the impression that this is not an issue, to overload assignments, which btw. *can* be overloaded, but the absence of *aliasing* (undiscriminate handling of pointers) in Python. Am I wrong? Jerzy Karczmarczuk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sending email in utf-8?
morphex wrote:
That works, kinda. I get strange characters now like this
Date: Mon, 7 Nov 2005 11:38:29 -0700 (MST)
Message-Id: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED]
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Order confirmation
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
X-Bogosity: No, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.00, version=0.92.8
Thank you for your order, it is copied here for your convenience, and
we will process it shortly.
Name: ø
Phone: ø
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Comments: asdf
but at least it doesn't raise any errors.
This is a method I have clipped from one of my projects. It should
pretty much cover everything you would want to do while sending mails.
def Workgroup_mailFormAction(self, to=None, cc=None, bcc=None,
inReplyTo=None,
subject=None, body='',
attachments=None, mfrom=None,
REQUEST=None):
Sends a message. Many of the input parameters are not currently
used,
but can be used for skinning the functionlity.
site_encoding = self._site_encoding()
##
# Create the message
msg = Message()
msg.set_payload(body, site_encoding)
#
# if attachment, convert to multipart
# file fields are posted even if empty, so we need to remove
those :-s
if attachments is None:
attachments = []
attachments = [a for a in attachments if a]
if attachments:
mimeMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mimeMsg.attach(msg)
for attachment in attachments:
# Add the attachment
tmp = email.message_from_string(str(attachment.headers))
filename = tmp.get_param('filename', 'Attachment',
'Content-Disposition')
# clean up IE paths
filename = filename[max(filename.rfind('/'),
filename.rfind('\\'),
filename.rfind(':')
)+1:]
contentType = tmp['Content-Type']
attach_part = Message()
attach_part.add_header('Content-Type', contentType,
name=filename)
attach_part.add_header('Content-Disposition',
'attachment', filename=filename)
attach_part.set_payload(attachment.read())
Encoders.encode_base64(attach_part)
mimeMsg.attach(attach_part)
msg = mimeMsg
# set headers on message
if to is None:
to = []
if mfrom:
to.append(mfrom)
msg['From'] = mfrom
msg['Reply-To'] = mfrom
to = ','.join(to)
if to: msg['To'] = to
if cc is None:
cc = []
cc = ','.join(cc)
if cc: msg['Cc'] = cc
if bcc is None:
bcc = []
bcc = ','.join(bcc)
if bcc: msg['Bcc'] = bcc
msg['Date'] = self.ZopeTime().rfc822() # needed by some servers
if inReplyTo:
msg['In-Reply-To'] = inReplyTo
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, site_encoding)
##
# Send the message
SMTPserver = self._mailhost()
success = 0
try:
cleaner = lambda adresses: [adress.strip() for adress in
adresses.split(',') if adress.strip()]
all_receivers = cleaner(to) + cleaner(cc) + cleaner(bcc)
all_receivers = list(set(all_receivers))
if all_receivers: # only send if any recipients
self._mailhost().send(str(msg), mto=all_receivers,
mfrom=mfrom)
success = 1
except:
pass
--
hilsen/regards Max M, Denmark
http://www.mxm.dk/
IT's Mad Science
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On 8 Nov 2005 01:43:43 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
But if lst[42][pos] happens to hold an integer value, then
a = lst[42][pos]
will _copy_ that integer value into 'a', right? Changing 'a' will not
change the value at lst[42][pos]
Right, but try an example:
lst = range(42)+[{'pos':123}]+range(43,50)
lst
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
22, 23, 24, 25, 2
6, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, {'pos': 123},
43, 44, 45, 46, 47,
48, 49]
lst[41:44]
[41, {'pos': 123}, 43]
lst[42]
{'pos': 123}
lst[42]['pos']
123
a = lst[42]['pos']
a
123
lst[42]['pos']
123
id(lst[42]['pos'])
49421860
id(a)
49421860
IOW, a is now an alias for the same 123 immutable integer object as is referred
to by the 'pos' key
in the dict which is the 43rd element (index 42) of lst.
Regards,
Bengt Richter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Jerzy Karczmarczuk wrote: Peter Otten wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just to satisfy my curiousity: Is there a way to do something like the reference solution I suggest above? No. You cannot overload assignment. I have the impression that this is not an issue, to overload assignments, which btw. *can* be overloaded, but the absence of *aliasing* (undiscriminate handling of pointers) in Python. Am I wrong? I think so. a = b will always make a a reference to (the same object as) b. What can be overloaded is attribute assignment: x.a = b can do anything from creating an attribute that references b to wiping your hard disk. I don't understand what you mean by absence of aliasing, but conceptually every python variable is a -- well-behaved -- pointer. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
mo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I tryed your example: import msvcrt while 1: print '.' if msvcrt.kbhit() and msvcrt.getch() == chr(27): break but it doesn't work. It is running (Win2000), there is no messages about errors but there is no effect when pressing ESC key. What I am doing wrong? works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter in a windows console window, with focus set to that window. what environment are you using? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
recursive function call
Hello, I have in my python script a function that look like this : def my_function(arg1, arg2, opt1=0, opt2=1, opt3=42): if type(arg1) is ListType: for a in arg1: my_function(a, arg2, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return if type(arg2) is ListType: for a in arg2: my_function(arg1, a, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return ... then here the real function code I'm new to python, so I was wondering if there is a better way to do that. The reason for a recursive function here is to be able to give lists for the first 2 args (I could as well use only a simple 'for' without a recursive call). The problem I have here, is that as I'm working on this script, I often change the prototype of the function, and each time I have to think about changing the recursive call too. Is there a way that I can do a recursive call and say something like keep all the same arguments except this one ? Thanks Nicolas -- http://n0x.org/ - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
If you want to do what you want(though I don't know why without a concrete example), just store a mutable object at lst[42][pos], like this : lst[42][pos] = [1] a = lst[42][pos] a[0] = 2 assert(lst[42][pos][0] == 2) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: But if lst[42][pos] happens to hold an integer value, then a = lst[42][pos] will _copy_ that integer value into 'a', right? Changing 'a' will not change the value at lst[42][pos] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On 8 Nov 2005 01:43:43 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: But if lst[42][pos] happens to hold an integer value, then a = lst[42][pos] will _copy_ that integer value into 'a', right? Nope. It will bind the name 'a' to the integer object. Changing 'a' will not change the value at lst[42][pos] Integers are immutable - they can't be modified. So, Changing 'a' means binding the name 'a' to a different object. This will have no effect on other references to the original object. Reset your brain - http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm. -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Class Variable Access and Assignment
Op 2005-11-08, Magnus Lycka schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: Fine that goes both ways. I don't mind not being taken serious by people I have trouble taking serious my self. No doubt that goes for you too. You know Antoon, these internet communities aren't really like Speaker Corner in Hyde Park. You earn respect based on your merits, not from the stubborn persistence in you arguments. Steve has written a very good book on Python, he's worked a lot with Python conferences, and helped people on comp.lang.python for years etc. He has earned his respect. So? Steve can be very good at explaining what python is and how it behaves and at the same time have poor arguments why this would be good langauge design. So although he may have earned his respect in the first, that doesn't mean I have to take him seriously in the other. You are fighting wind mills, bickering about things that you don't have any solutions for. People should know what they want. If one dares to propose an alternative here, chances are that you get told to search a language that behaves as you want, if you don't you get blamed you don't have a solution. The only acceptable behaviour, seems to keep quiet about things where one thinks python could be improved. It's possible that you have just not realized how Python handles objects, names and classes, but I can't understand what you are trying to accomplish. What can you possibly try to convey that you haven't already stated? It's as if you've got stuck in this thread. In the real world, I haven't heard of anyone ever having had problems with this. Well in the real world nobody seemed to have problems with the lack of a condtional expression either. Each time someone brought it up, they were told it wasn't necessary anyway and how you could simulate it, with some caveat, by using 'and' and 'or'. Until it seems one of the developers got bitten by an elusive bug caused by such a caveat and suddenly there will be a condional expression in the next version. So, that we haven't heard of anyone ever having a problem with it doesn't contradict, that it may one day be the cause of a very elusive bug. This thread is all to infected to lead to good things. Hopefully you'll learn something about communication from it, but the price has been higher than you might be aware of right now. Shrug, this is usenet, not my social life. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyFLTK - an underrated gem for GUI projects
aum wrote: But for smaller gui programs not needing the power of wx, I find I get the job done much more quickly and effortlessly with PyFLTK. Interesting. I've found PyQt very easy to use too. I wonder how they compare (providing you can GPL your app, of course). -- Jeremy Sanders http://www.jeremysanders.net/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just want an alias. Ideally, I don't want to deal with pointers or special reference types etc. After all, this is not C++ :) I just want to be able to make a reference to any old thing in Python. A list, an integer variable, a function etc. so that I, in complicated cases, can make a shorthand. If myRef could somehow point at something long an complicated like a[42][pos][-4], that might be useful. You can do shorthand = a[42][pos] ... print shorthand[-4] shorthand[0] = 42 # if a[42][pos] is mutable But the last indirection must always be given explicitly. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Peter Otten wrote cites me: I have the impression that this is not an issue, to overload assignments, which btw. *can* be overloaded, but the absence of *aliasing* (undiscriminate handling of pointers) in Python. Am I wrong? I think so. a = b will always make a a reference to (the same object as) b. What can be overloaded is attribute assignment: x.a = b can do anything from creating an attribute that references b to wiping your hard disk. I don't understand what you mean by absence of aliasing, but conceptually every python variable is a -- well-behaved -- pointer. Would you please concentrate on - what I underlined - the sense of C aliasing, where you can make a pointer to point to anything, say, the 176th byte of a function code? *This* is impossible in Python. What you wrote is OK, but I still don't know where I have been wrong, unless you over-interpret my words. Sure, I didn't want to claim that the assignment a=anything can be plainly overloaded. But getitem, setitem, getattr, setattr - yes. And they (set-) are also assignments. Jerzy Karczmarczuk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sorting Documentation
For example, where can I find the official documentation on the list.sort() method? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: recursive function call
Nicolas Vigier wrote: Hello, I have in my python script a function that look like this : def my_function(arg1, arg2, opt1=0, opt2=1, opt3=42): if type(arg1) is ListType: for a in arg1: my_function(a, arg2, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return if type(arg2) is ListType: for a in arg2: my_function(arg1, a, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return ... then here the real function code I'm new to python, so I was wondering if there is a better way to do that. The reason for a recursive function here is to be able to give lists for the first 2 args (I could as well use only a simple 'for' without a recursive call). The problem I have here, is that as I'm working on this script, I often change the prototype of the function, and each time I have to think about changing the recursive call too. Is there a way that I can do a recursive call and say something like keep all the same arguments except this one ? Here is a non-recursive approach: def tolist(arg): if isinstance(arg, list): return arg return [arg] def f(arg1, arg2, more_args): for arg1 in tolist(arg1): for arg2 in tolist(arg2): # real code If it were my code I would omit the tolist() stuff and instead always pass lists (or iterables) as the function's first two arguments. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: recursive function call
Nicolas Vigier wrote: I have in my python script a function that look like this : def my_function(arg1, arg2, opt1=0, opt2=1, opt3=42): if type(arg1) is ListType: for a in arg1: my_function(a, arg2, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return if type(arg2) is ListType: for a in arg2: my_function(arg1, a, opt1=opt1, opt2=opt2, opt3=opt3) return ... then here the real function code I'm new to python, so I was wondering if there is a better way to do that. The reason for a recursive function here is to be able to give lists for the first 2 args (I could as well use only a simple 'for' without a recursive call). The problem I have here, is that as I'm working on this script, I often change the prototype of the function, and each time I have to think about changing the recursive call too. Is there a way that I can do a recursive call and say something like keep all the same arguments except this one ? This gets messy if the actual first two arguments could also be lists, do you really want it to recurse again? I would handle this by having two functions, one which takes simple arguments: def my_function(a, b, opt1=0, opt2=1, opt3=42): ... the real function code ... and one which takes your list arguments: def my_function_for_sequences(seqA, seqB, *args, **kw): for a in seqA: for b in seqB: my_function(a, b, *args, **kw) That way you avoid any confusion over the argument types. It won't handle the case where only one of a or b is a sequence, but you can handle that easily enough by creating a list in the call. It will also handle the case where you pass an iterable which isn't a list, so you have more flexibility there. (Once you are used to Python you should get a big red warning light going on in your head any time you see an explicit test for a type: not all such cases are bad, but they often indicate a code smell.) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sorting Documentation
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote_ I want to read a little bit about sorting in Python (sorted() and method sort()). But I can't seem to find anything in the documentation at the homepage? sorted() is a function that works on arbitrary sequences, and is described in the built-in functions chapter: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/built-in-funcs.html sort() is a list method, and is documented under sequences: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/typesseq-mutable.html /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
[Dmytro Lesnyak] I need to import some big data into Excel from my Python script. I have TXT file (~7,5 Mb). I'm using Pywin32 library for that, but if I first try to read the TXT file and then save the values one by one like xlBook.Sheets(sheet_name).Cells(i,j).Value = value_from_TXT_file it takes about 10 hours to process whole data A few suggestions: + When trying to automate anything in Excel, it's usually illuminating to record a macro which does what you want, and then to translate that VBA code into Python. + To find documentation on the Microsoft object models, MSDN is usually a good bet. Googling for: site:msdn.microsoft.com excel object model gives some hopeful-looking hits + I fiddled around for a few moments, and found that the following code at least worked: code import win32com.client xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch (Excel.Application) xl.Visible = 1 xl.Workbooks.OpenText (c:/temp/temp.txt) /code + If you needed more control, bear in mind that you can put lists and lists of lists directly into an Excel range. So, something like this: code import win32com.client a = [1, 2, 3] b = [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d', 'e', 'f'], ['g', 'h', 'i']] xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch (Excel.Application) xl.Visible = 1 wb = xl.Workbooks.Add () ws = wb.ActiveSheet ws.Range (ws.Cells (1, 1), ws.Cells (1, 3)).Value = a ws.Range (ws.Cells (2, 1), ws.Cells (4, 3)).Value = b /code + Finally, you might look at PyExcelerator. I've toyed with it only a little, but it seems to do the business, and doesn't need Excel installed (so you can even run it on Linux, if that takes your fancy). It's had a very recent release, so it's definitely being maintained: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyexcelerator/ TJG This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star. The service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive anti-virus service working around the clock, around the globe, visit: http://www.star.net.uk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: what the %?....
On 07/11/05, john boy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hey can somebody tell me what the % function does...I am not math illiterate...its just a new symbol for meis it a divisor? remainder something another?? For numeric values, it's the modulo operator - see http://docs.python.org/ref/binary.html and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic. Over strings, '%' performs string formatting. See http://docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-strings.html. -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
So there is no way in Python to make an alias for an object? /David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pylab and pyserial plot in real time
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hiya, I've got a PIC microcontroller reading me humidity data via rs232, this is in ASCII format. I can view this data easily using hyperterminal or pyserial and convert it to its value (relative humidty with ord(input)) But what im trying to do is plot the data in real time, ideally with pylab - as it looks simple to use and simple is the way i want to go! This might be close to what you are trying to do: import time import pylab # interactive mode on pylab.ion() timefig = pylab.figure(1) timesub = pylab.subplot(111) dt = 0.1 t = pylab.arange(0.0, 2.0, dt) h = 1.2*pylab.sin(t) lines = pylab.plot(t,h) for i in range(8): t = t + dt h = 1.2*pylab.sin(t) lines[0].set_data(t,h) timesub.set_xlim((t[0],t[-1])) pylab.draw() time.sleep(1.0) It shows a piece of sine curve, and updates the x-axis with time. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
Shi Mu schrieb: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? Yes. Use the math module or the cmath module if you need mathematical functions for complex numbers. Bye, Dennis -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
On 08/11/05, Dmytro Lesnyak [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I need to import some big data into Excel from my Python script. I have TXT file (~7,5 Mb). Have you considered converting your text data to CSV format? Excel opens CSV files happily enough, and you could always automate save-as-workbook and any formatting you need afterwards. -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
On 08/11/05, Shi Mu [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? http://docs.python.org/lib/module-math.html I seem to be posting loads of links to the docs today... -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
Shi Mu wrote: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? math There are two versions of arctan: atan and atan2. atan2(y,x) does the quadrant selection you do not get from atan(y/x) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sorting Documentation
On 8 Nov 2005 02:27:29 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I want to read a little bit about sorting in Python (sorted() and method sort()). But I can't seem to find anything in the documentation at the homepage? Sorted() is documented here - http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html#l2h-66. (All found from here, BTW - http://docs.python.org/lib/genindex.html.) -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 10:25:21 -, Jerzy Karczmarczuk [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Would you please concentrate on - what I underlined - the sense of C aliasing, where you can make a pointer to point to anything, say, the 176th byte of a function code? Pretty much everything is referred to by reference in python. The big difference is that most primitive data types (integer, string) etc... aren't mutable - you can't change them in place - instead you replace them with a new instance containing the new/modified value. But your own object and lists are mutable - you can change their attributes. So encapsulate data within a list or as an attribute of an object and you've got the effect you're after. For example: a = 5; b = a a = 6 a,b (6, 5) Whereas: a = [5]; b = a a[0] = 6 a,b ([6], [6]) Note that reassigning a: a = [6] causes a to point to a new list, containing the value 6, whereas the 2nd example above modified the list by replacing an element of it. Hope this helps Matt -- | Matt Hammond | RD Engineer, BBC Research Development, Tadworth, Surrey, UK. | http://kamaelia.sf.net/ | http://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
Fredrik Lundh wrote: works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter in a windows console window, with focus set to that window. what environment are you using? Could be IDLE. The code Fredrik proposed works well for me in the Python console window, but not in IDLE (thats under XP). I guess that IDLE makes use of msvcrt itself. Let's remember that the OP describes himself as a newbie in the subject, so he might not know the difference between those two interactive environments. /MiO -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
Shi Mu wrote: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? Try module math. Or cmath if you want the functions to be aware of complex numbers. /MiO -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just want an alias. What you want is impossible. But there are many workarounds. I just want to be able to make a reference to any old thing in Python. A list, an integer variable, a function etc. so that I, in complicated cases, can make a shorthand. If myRef could somehow point at something long an complicated like a[42][pos][-4], that might be useful. One simple workaround: def createAlias(L, idx1, idx2, idx3): def setval(n): L[idx1][idx2][idx3] = n return setval k = createAlias(a, 42, pos, -4) [...] n = computeValue(...) k(n) # store it! You will also find out that your case is actually very unlikely in well-designed code. You don't usually work with stuff with three level of nesting like a[][][], since it gets totally confusing and unmaintanable. You will end up always with objects with better semantic, and methods to modify them. So in the end you will always have a reference to the moral equivalent of a[42][pos], and that would be a well defined object with a method setThis() which will modify the moral equivalent of [-4]. -- Giovanni Bajo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sorting Documentation
On 8 Nov 2005 02:32:44 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: For example, where can I find the official documentation on the list.sort() method? http://docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-mutable.html -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
parabola
Is there any sample code to draw parabola using Tkinter? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.getmtime on winXP
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 10:49:56 +0100, =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jorg_R=F8dsj=F8?= [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Bengt Richter wrote: How did you format the number you got from os.path.getmtime? I'm not doing any formating at all. I am just looking at the numbers of seconds since epoch. Which is what makes it so strange. You might want to try some of the above. I'll do that. At the moment I'm looking at the difference between localtime and gmtime to see if my computer is in dst. If it is not, I just add 3600 seconds to the result from os.path.getmtime -- which then should give consistent results. the time module should know how to do that for you, unless something is fubar. see time.timz import time help(time) If you actually created/modified files just before and after the DST change and saw an extra hour difference instead of the time between the two actions, then maybe I'd look into whether the OS has some perverse option to use local DST time to record in the file stat info, but that's hard to believe. More likely someone is messing with with raw file time setting, like touch. Don't have it handy to see what DST assumptions it makes if any. The files I am testing with have not been modified for a long time. Windows reports the modified date as being the same, no matter what I do (both through the gui, and through win32file). And they all show the same strange 3600 sec difference with/without dst when I call getmtime on them. By 'getmtime' you mean os.path.getmtime(fer_shure_or_absolute_path_to_file) right? Doesn't that get you an integer number of seconds? What GUI or win32file is showing you that integer so you see a 3600 sec difference? Or how are you seeing it? Could you paste an example of this difference from an example on your screen? I don't think I am understanding ;-) ... urk, it's late ;-/ Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
Thanks a lot. It really works! Now, I can solve my problem and make my script faster! A few suggestions: + When trying to automate anything in Excel, it's usually illuminating to record a macro which does what you want, and then to translate that VBA code into Python. Yes, I also doing VBA macros first, but sometimes it is difficult for me to translate it into Python. + To find documentation on the Microsoft object models, MSDN is usually a good bet. Googling for: site:msdn.microsoft.com excel object model Thanks. I got very good links I fiddled around for a few moments, and found that the following code at least worked: code import win32com.client xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch (Excel.Application) xl.Visible = 1 xl.Workbooks.OpenText (c:/temp/temp.txt) /code Yes. It works. I wonder why I did not in my case. It's strange, but if you put xl.Visible = 1 after xl.Workbooks.OpenText(c:/temp/temp.txt) It doesn't display the result. Probably, it is some Excel's feature :) + If you needed more control, bear in mind that you can put lists and lists of lists directly into an Excel range. So, something like this: code import win32com.client a = [1, 2, 3] b = [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d', 'e', 'f'], ['g', 'h', 'i']] xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch (Excel.Application) xl.Visible = 1 wb = xl.Workbooks.Add () ws = wb.ActiveSheet ws.Range (ws.Cells (1, 1), ws.Cells (1, 3)).Value = a ws.Range (ws.Cells (2, 1), ws.Cells (4, 3)).Value = b /code I didn't know that. Probably, It would be faster. + Finally, you might look at PyExcelerator. I've toyed with it only a little, but it seems to do the business, and doesn't need Excel installed (so you can even run it on Linux, if that takes your fancy). It's had a very recent release, so it's definitely being maintained: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyexcelerator/ Good option. Thanks :) -Dima -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
Jerzy Karczmarczuk wrote: Sure, I didn't want to claim that the assignment a=anything can be plainly overloaded. I interpreted your previous post as such a claim. No disagreement here then. Would you please concentrate on - what I underlined - the sense of C aliasing, where you can make a pointer to point to anything, say, the 176th byte of a function code? I've never heard the expression aliasing for that, sorry. This is impossible in Python. Of course, but I don't think this is what the OP wanted. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PYTHON LOOSING FOR JAVA???????
Fcamattti napisał(a): So I have a doubt. I'd like to know what do you think about the joint of efforts of Sun Microsystems and the Google to create a office web based. I sincerely enjoy the idea althoug I'd like to know what will be the future of this wonderful language called Python?? Sun and Google do not cover 100% of possible uses of Python. From my POV i.e., they have nothing that could help in writing ETL tasks helpers on iSeries. Python is unstoppable here. ;) Computing is large area. Much larger than aunt Tilly's laptop. -- Jarek Zgoda http://jpa.berlios.de/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Sorting Documentation
I want to read a little bit about sorting in Python (sorted() and method sort()). But I can't seem to find anything in the documentation at the homepage? /David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Writing Win32 shell extensions in python?
Well, is it possible to write Win32 shell extension in python? I want to create a virtual folder ( like gmailfs ) to serve files from a http-server ( and no, I cannot use webdav ) so that users can access them like normal files in Windows Explorer. Any hints or info about this would be highly appreciated. Regards, Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
On 11/8/05, Dmytro Lesnyak [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I need to import some big data into Excel from my Python script. I have TXT file (~7,5 Mb). I'm using Pywin32 library for that, but if I first try to read the TXT file and then save the values one by one like I have to question the reasoning behind using Excel. That much data seems like it would be troublesome to manage in Excel. How good is Excel at working with that much data? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
I have to question the reasoning behind using Excel. That much data seems like it would be troublesome to manage in Excel. How good is Excel at working with that much data? Well,It's not that big data. As result, It willbe 52 X 25000 table and it works fine in Excel (f.e. I need to make several Pivot tables from that data and it is really fast). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pylab and pyserial plot in real time
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Does anyone know of a module designed for ploting real time data thats more appropriate for the above mentioned task than pylab?? You could have a look at my plotting package, Veusz, which can be embedded in other apps. You can update the data in real time, as the windowing runs in a separate thread. The main problem is that I have only really tested it on Unix, but I have reports that it mostly works in Windows (I'm looking into supporting this soon). http://home.gna.org/veusz/ Alternatively matplotlib may be another solution. -- Jeremy Sanders http://www.jeremysanders.net/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to stop a loop with ESC key? [newbie]
Fredrik Lundh wrote: works for me, when running it from a stock CPython interpreter in a windows console window, with focus set to that window. what environment are you using? I use IDLE 1.0.3, Python 2.3.4 The same problem is when running in a win console. mo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sorting Documentation
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: «I want to read a little bit about sorting in Python (sorted() and method sort()). But I can't seem to find anything in the documentation at the homepage?» if you want some detailed account on the sort method, see: http://www.xahlee.org/perl-python/sort_list.html Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: parabola
Here is an old piece of code I wrote when begining Python ;-)
from Tkinter import *
import string
import Numeric
from Canvas import Line
import math
class Tableau(Canvas):
def
__init__(self,master=None,size=400,col='black',colrep='red',colgrid='grey'):
Canvas.__init__(self,master,width=size,height=size,bg=col,highlightthickness=0)
self.pack(expand=1,fill=BOTH)
self.width_table = 0; self.height_table = 0
self.nl = 20.0
self.bind(Configure,self.Redraw)
self.colrep = colrep
self.colgrid = colgrid
def GetSize(self,event):
self.width_table = event.width
self.height_table = event.height
def SetBgColor(self,color):
self['bg'] = color
def ChangeColGrid(self,col):
self.colgrid = col
self.itemconfig('grid',fill=col)
def ChangeColAxe(self,col):
self.colrep = col
self.itemconfig('repere',fill=col)
def Redraw(self,event):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def Redessine(self):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
#self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def TraceAxe(self):
self.delete('all')
w , h = self.winfo_width(),self.winfo_height()
#Trace Grille
posx=0;posy=0
intervallex = w/self.nl
intervalley = h/self.nl
posx=intervallex;posy=intervalley
for i in range(0,self.nl):
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
posy += intervalley
posx += intervallex
#Trace des axes
posx = w/2.0; posy = h/2.0
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
def UpdateGraphe(self):
for f in F.keys():
try:
name,color = F[f]
Function(f,nom=name,col=color)
except:
Function(f)
class Function:
def __init__(self,fonction = '',nom='affine',col='yellow',epaiss =
1):
w , h = t.winfo_width(),t.winfo_height()
self.valeur = eval('lambda x: '+fonction)
self.x = Numeric.arange(-200.0,200.0)
self.y = 20*self.valeur(self.x/20.0)
res = Numeric.arange(0.0,800.0)
res.shape = (400,2)
res[:,0] = self.x*w/400.0 + w/2.0
res[:,1] = -self.y*h/400.0 + h/2.0
Line(t,res.tolist(),fill=col,tag=nom,width=epaiss)
def expression(exp):
return eval('lambda x: '+exp)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print test
sin = Numeric.sin
F =
{'x*x':('carre','green'),'2*sin(x)':('sin','blue'),'x*x*x':('cube','yellow')}
t = Tableau()
t.delete('grid')
t.mainloop()
from Tkinter import *
import string
import Numeric
from Canvas import Line
import math
class Tableau(Canvas):
def
__init__(self,master=None,size=400,col='black',colrep='red',colgrid='grey'):
Canvas.__init__(self,master,width=size,height=size,bg=col,highlightthickness=0)
self.pack(expand=1,fill=BOTH)
self.width_table = 0; self.height_table = 0
self.nl = 20.0
self.bind(Configure,self.Redraw)
self.colrep = colrep
self.colgrid = colgrid
def GetSize(self,event):
self.width_table = event.width
self.height_table = event.height
def SetBgColor(self,color):
self['bg'] = color
def ChangeColGrid(self,col):
self.colgrid = col
self.itemconfig('grid',fill=col)
def ChangeColAxe(self,col):
self.colrep = col
self.itemconfig('repere',fill=col)
def Redraw(self,event):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def Redessine(self):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
#self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def TraceAxe(self):
self.delete('all')
w , h = self.winfo_width(),self.winfo_height()
#Trace Grille
posx=0;posy=0
intervallex = w/self.nl
intervalley = h/self.nl
posx=intervallex;posy=intervalley
for i in range(0,self.nl):
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
posy += intervalley
posx += intervallex
#Trace des axes
posx = w/2.0; posy = h/2.0
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
def UpdateGraphe(self):
for f in F.keys():
try:
name,color = F[f]
Function(f,nom=name,col=color)
except:
Function(f)
class Function:
def __init__(self,fonction = '',nom='affine',col='yellow',epaiss =
1):
w , h =
Re: parabola
Here is an old piece of code I wrote to test Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
import string
import Numeric
from Canvas import Line
import math
class Tableau(Canvas):
def
__init__(self,master=None,size=400,col='black',colrep='red',colgrid='grey'):
Canvas.__init__(self,master,width=size,height=size,bg=col,highlightthickness=0)
self.pack(expand=1,fill=BOTH)
self.width_table = 0; self.height_table = 0
self.nl = 20.0
self.bind(Configure,self.Redraw)
self.colrep = colrep
self.colgrid = colgrid
def GetSize(self,event):
self.width_table = event.width
self.height_table = event.height
def SetBgColor(self,color):
self['bg'] = color
def ChangeColGrid(self,col):
self.colgrid = col
self.itemconfig('grid',fill=col)
def ChangeColAxe(self,col):
self.colrep = col
self.itemconfig('repere',fill=col)
def Redraw(self,event):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def Redessine(self):
self.delete('all')
self.TraceAxe()
#self.UpdateGraphe()
self.update()
def TraceAxe(self):
self.delete('all')
w , h = self.winfo_width(),self.winfo_height()
#Trace Grille
posx=0;posy=0
intervallex = w/self.nl
intervalley = h/self.nl
posx=intervallex;posy=intervalley
for i in range(0,self.nl):
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colgrid,tag=('repere','grid'))
posy += intervalley
posx += intervallex
#Trace des axes
posx = w/2.0; posy = h/2.0
self.create_line(posx,0,posx,h,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
self.create_line(0,posy,w,posy,fill=self.colrep,tag=('repere','axe'))
def UpdateGraphe(self):
for f in F.keys():
try:
name,color = F[f]
Function(f,nom=name,col=color)
except:
Function(f)
class Function:
def __init__(self,fonction = '',nom='affine',col='yellow',epaiss =
1):
w , h = t.winfo_width(),t.winfo_height()
self.valeur = eval('lambda x: '+fonction)
self.x = Numeric.arange(-200.0,200.0)
self.y = 20*self.valeur(self.x/20.0)
res = Numeric.arange(0.0,800.0)
res.shape = (400,2)
res[:,0] = self.x*w/400.0 + w/2.0
res[:,1] = -self.y*h/400.0 + h/2.0
Line(t,res.tolist(),fill=col,tag=nom,width=epaiss)
def expression(exp):
return eval('lambda x: '+exp)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print test
sin = Numeric.sin
F =
{'x*x':('carre','green'),'2*sin(x)':('sin','blue'),'x*x*x':('cube','yellow')}
t = Tableau()
t.delete('grid')
t.mainloop()
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: socket receive file does not match sent file
Thanks Fredrik Lundh, This is great! I've rewrote the code and it works! Thanks a lot. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
which feature of python do you like most?
which feature of python do you like most? I've heard from people that python is very useful. Many people switch from perl to python because they like it more. I am quite familiar with perl, I've don't lots of code in perl. Now, I was curious and interested in the python people. They certainly made their best choice from perl to python. but i have no interesting python experence before, thought i've read a few chapters of a python tutorial book. The things are much like the perl one. I have no idea why people are so facinating with python. So I post this question: What do you use in your dairy work with python? what is the thing that python makes you happy? I certainly don't want to miss a language if it's so great! can anyone share your happy experence with python? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Writing Win32 shell extensions in python?
Thomas W [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Well, is it possible to write Win32 shell extension in python? I want to create a virtual folder ( like gmailfs ) to serve files from a http-server ( and no, I cannot use webdav ) so that users can access them like normal files in Windows Explorer. Any hints or info about this would be highly appreciated. typing your subject into a google search box brings up plenty of hits, including http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-March/271141.html From: Roger Upole Date: Tue Mar 15 12:39:43 CET 2005 There's an example shell extension in the Pywin32 demos that creates a pseudo-folder whose contents are determined by python code. Take a look at \win32comext\shell\demos\servers\shell_view.py. However, I don't think it qualifies as 'simple' ;) (alright, that one was two clicks away from the search result, not one, but that's close enough) here's a direct pointer to an on-line copy of that script, btw: http://tinyurl.com/babct (that copy may be outdated; you may want to get the latest version from the pywin package before you start hacking on this) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
Shi Mu wrote: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? The other answers in this thread point you to the standard modules. If you need arbitrary precision floating point versions of these functions check out: http://calcrpnpy.sourceforge.net/clnumManual.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.getmtime on winXP
Bengt Richter wrote:
By 'getmtime' you mean os.path.getmtime(fer_shure_or_absolute_path_to_file)
right?
Doesn't that get you an integer number of seconds? What GUI or win32file is
showing you
that integer so you see a 3600 sec difference? Or how are you seeing it?
Could you paste an example of this difference from an example on your screen?
I don't think I am understanding ;-) ... urk, it's late ;-/
(Btw: thanks for the interest.)
Step by step example:
[I do of cource not modify the foo.py-file at any time during the testing.]
With the system-date set to the 8th of november(no dst) I run the following
os.path.getmtime('spam.py'), and get 1045578240 as the result.
With the system-date set to the 8th of october(dst) I run the following
os.path.getmtime('spam.py'), and get 1045581840 as the result.
This is what boggles my mind. These numbers should be the same -- right?
Not offsett by 3600.
On both dates, calling Windows win32file.GetFileTime (from the Python
Win32 Extensions) gives me the time 02/18/03 14:24:00 -- i.e. the same
both before and after setting the time.
I have not looked at the source to either win32file.GetFileTime or
os.path.getmtime, but I should think that they should both call the same
underlying Windows-function.
I hope this makes it more clear. Any idea why this happens?
regards
Jorg Rødsjø
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Exposing a COM interface to embedded scripts via PythonCOM
I have a host process that exposes a COM object to embedded Python scripts, and want it to appear to the Python scripts as a smart COM object, in the same way that Python COM provides. The Python scripts would then be able to use expected methods and properties, in the same way that one does with Python COM. I am hoping to find some function along the lines of PyCOM_WrapRawIUnknown(), but have no idea whether such a thing exists, and where I might obtain it. If no such thing exists, I imagine I'll have to write a full extension for the COM interfaces, which would be a mighty big pain. ;-) Many thanks in advance The Cookie -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is mod_python 3.1 good for commercial blogging/CMS?
Anthony L. wrote: 1. I want to use CGI through Publisher handler, instead of CGI handler or PSP. Despite the speed increase mod_python gives me, there is a problem of persistence that can be a problem when dealing with a site that will hosts potentially hundreds of simultaneous users. What problem? Could you elaborate further? 3. I am not very attracted to PSP because I want to separate the logic from the presentation as completely as possible, and PHP and other template languages including PSP seem difficult to do that in. In theory, people use these templates to /improve/ the separation between logic and presentation. When you just use req.write() you're inevitably mixing logic and presentation. At least with the template systems, you do the presentation once and the logic fills in the gaps. It's even possible to edit the presentation in many WYSIWYG web editors without affecting the code. Why can't I just use req.write() to output my markup, relying completely on external CSS after the fact? You can, and in fact this is largely what I do. But the HTML/CSS divide is not exactly in the same place as the template/CGI-style divide. You can still delegate most of the presentation work to CSS no matter how you emit your HTML. It as not easy to work with the CGI-style code in a WYSIWYG web editor as it is to edit a template, which is probably the main reason for their use. Also, coding everything with req.write() means that each page is very idiosyncratic, making for poor code-reuse. In theory. My thought is that HTML templates provide a minimum set of static code that doesn't require extra processing, thus keeping performance up. However, if I minimize my use of req.write() will it make a difference? I don't think performance is a factor, really. HTML templates tend to exist so that you can structure the page without worrying about the Python code. They work well for fairly uniform pages that largely require the same sort of data on each page. I am more of a programmer than a designer so I prefer to think in terms of code and emit HTML as it suits me. I'd appreciate some practical advise on this. I am funding this myself on a small budget with no hard deadline, so it is critical to me that I choose a language that will minimize my costs. Are my assumptions correct, or am I falling prey to FUD? Python is a good language for rapid development and hence testing. So you could probably create a quick mock-up of your system and then write some scripts to place it under heavy stress to see how well it holds up. -- Ben Sizer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: recursive function call
Peter Otten said: Here is a non-recursive approach: def tolist(arg): if isinstance(arg, list): return arg return [arg] def f(arg1, arg2, more_args): for arg1 in tolist(arg1): for arg2 in tolist(arg2): # real code If it were my code I would omit the tolist() stuff and instead always pass lists (or iterables) as the function's first two arguments. Hmm, that's right. After all it's not very useful to be able to give a single element, passing a list all the time is more simple. That's what I'll do. I got the idea of passing a list or a singe element because that's what they do in SCons, but in my case it's not really usefull. Thanks -- http://n0x.org/ - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Web automation
Mike Meyer wrote: Paul Boddie [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: The problem on non-Windows systems is the lack of a common (or enforced) technology for exposing application object models OS X has AppleScript. VM/CMS has Rexx. The Amiga had ARexx when MS was still peddling DOS. Plan 9 has files. I knew I should have written UNIX systems or non-Windows but still mainstream systems. ;-) I don't think any of them are enforced - then again, I don't think anything enforces exporting objects from Windows applications, either. No, but COM is the obvious choice for doing so on Windows. Combine that with the component developer mindset and it's likely that some kind of object model will be exposed by an application. Still, I wouldn't say that automation is necessarily ass-backwards: sometimes you want the additional baggage that the browser can give you - witness the occasional comp.lang.python thread about working with JavaScript-laden pages - and it's not necessarily automation involving the activation of coincidental user interface components (find the Register Later button in the Register Now? pop-up dialogue and click on it) that's involved here either. Yes, the very architecture of the Web should have made automation tasks a lot more open and convenient, but sometimes there's a need for a complete browser to get at the data. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Diff. between Class types and classic classes
Hi, can some one properly explain the differences between class types and classic classes? ... Still face problems in identifying what is what. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python doc problem example: gzip module (reprise)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.perl.misc From: Veli-Pekka Tätilä Date: Sat, 5 Nov 2005 17:25:35 +0200 Subject: Re: Python doc problem example: gzip module (reprise) Xah Lee wrote: Today i need to use Python to compress/decompress gzip files. snip However, scanning the doc after 20 seconds there's no single example showing how it is used. jargons of Class, Constructor, Object etc are thrown together with presumption of reader's expertise of IO programing in Python snip I se the problem now. Perl usually doesn't have that kind of trouble as there are plenty of example snippets and the synopsis part even before the description. But if you want to bash the Python docs, I'd like to mention that they are pretty inaccessible and unmanagable with speech. Here's my post about it in comp.langh.python: URL: http://tinyurl.com/dfrb7 (or search Google Groups with vtatila python) Though I've carefully explain the problems and provided a number of solutions, no-one has replied yet. I reckon that, ether people don't know what I'm talking about accessibility being such a nieche topic still, or else my explanation is all too elaborate or just heavy to read through. Well, I've tried. Yet another reason to stay with Perl. Whose docs are, by the way, very accessible in general. PS: I won't cross-post as I'm not subscribed to the Python group. --- Thank you Veli-Pekka Tätilä for your thoughtful reply. I have cross posted it for you. Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sending email in utf-8?
morphex [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Date: Mon, 7 Nov 2005 11:38:29 -0700 (MST) Message-Id: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Order confirmation Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 X-Bogosity: No, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.00, version=0.92.8 Thank you for your order, it is copied here for your convenience, and we will process it shortly. Name: ø Phone: ø Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Comments: asdf that's 0xC3 0xB8 (at least according to my mail reader), which, translated back from UTF-8, looks like a typically norsk character to me... name = \xc3\xb8.decode(utf-8) print name ø import unicodedata unicodedata.name(name) 'LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE' try adding a Mime-Version: 1.0 header to your mail. a Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit might not hurt either (or run the body through quopri.encodestring() after you've encoded it, and use Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable). (also check the email package: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-email.html ) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
Tim Golden wrote: [Dmytro Lesnyak] I need to import some big data into Excel from my Python script. I have TXT file (~7,5 Mb). I'm using Pywin32 library for that, but if I first try to read the TXT file and then save the values one by one like xlBook.Sheets(sheet_name).Cells(i,j).Value = value_from_TXT_file it takes about 10 hours to process whole data A few suggestions: + When trying to automate anything in Excel, it's usually illuminating to record a macro which does what you want, and then to translate that VBA code into Python. Another suggestion: when automating Excel, turn off the automatic recalculation (set Application.Calculation=xlManual) and then turn it back on again when you have finished. If you don't do this, Excel will attempt to recalculate the sheet after every update to a cell. Even if you don't have any formulae referencing the cells you change it still makes a big difference. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Pywin32: How to import data into Excel?
[Tim Golden] + When trying to automate anything in Excel, it's usually illuminating to record a macro which does what you want, and then to translate that VBA code into Python. [Duncan Booth] Another suggestion: when automating Excel, turn off the automatic recalculation (set Application.Calculation=xlManual) and then turn it back on again when you have finished. If you don't do this, Excel will attempt to recalculate the sheet after every update to a cell. Even if you don't have any formulae referencing the cells you change it still makes a big difference. Thanks. Didn't know that. TJG This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star. The service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive anti-virus service working around the clock, around the globe, visit: http://www.star.net.uk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
SPE IDE for Python
Anyone here use SPE (http://www.stani.be/python/spe/blog/). ...the IDE? Also, anyone know if it supports CVS or has a plugin for CVS? If not, what do you use to get your code into CVS (via an IDE preferably)? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
XML GUI
Looking for information on creating a GUI using a configuration file (like an XML file or something). Also, how do you map actions (button clicks, menu selections, etc) to the XML? Any other suggestions for building GUI's for Python projects...even Jython. Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: which feature of python do you like most?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have no idea why people are so facinating with python. So I post this question: What do you use in your dairy work with python? I can't imagine why you're confused. -- Benji York -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan?
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 12:30:35 GMT, Raymond L. Buvel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Shi Mu wrote: any python module to calculate sin, cos, arctan? The other answers in this thread point you to the standard modules. If you need arbitrary precision floating point versions of these functions check out: http://calcrpnpy.sourceforge.net/clnumManual.html Unless you're using Windows. Matt Feinstein -- There is no virtue in believing something that can be proved to be true. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 01:31:31 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: So there is no way in Python to make an alias for an object? Yes, sort of. Bind two names to the same mutable object: py x = [Something mutable] py y = x py y.append(this way comes.) py print x ['Something mutable', 'this way comes.'] Note that this only works with mutable objects like lists and dicts, and is a side effect of mutability, rather than a deliberate alias. In general, you can bind multiple names to the same object. The one liner x = y = 1 is the same as the two liner x = 1 y = x Both create two names, x and y, and sets them both to the same int 1. Because ints are immutable, if you rebind one name, the other one will NOT change: py x += 1 py print x, y 2, 1 -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Addressing the last element of a list
On Tue, 08 Nov 2005 01:04:13 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Or alternatively:
Is there a way to make reference to the last element of a list, to use
as a shorthand:
ref := lst[len(lst) - 1] # I know syntax is wrong, but you get the
idea
and then using the last element of the list by (assuming the element is
a dict):
ref[foo] = 42
ref[bar] = Ni!
py lst = [Now is the time, 4, all good men, {foo: bar}]
py lst[-1] # refers to the last item of lst
{'foo': 'bar'}
py obj = lst[-1] # the name obj is now bound to the same dict
py obj[foo] = 42
py print lst
['Now is the time', 4, 'all good men', {'foo': 42}]
This only works with mutable objects. See:
py obj = lst[-3]
py obj
4
py obj = obj + 1 # rebinds the name obj, doesn't change the underlying
object the name points to
py print lst
['Now is the time', 4, 'all good men', {'foo': 42}]
You will quickly learn what are mutable and what are immutable. Ints,
floats, longs, strs and tuples are immutable. Lists and dicts are mutable.
Custom classes could be either, in principle, but are generally mutable.
--
Steven.
--
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