New home for adns-python
I had been falling behind in patches for adns-python, so I thought it would be a good idea to have a public site where it was easier for people to contribute and report bugs. The new project page is: http://code.google.com/p/adns-python Eventually I will probably add an announcements group, but there is not likely to be much traffic here for the foreseeable future. For now, there is a general discussion group: http://groups-beta.google.com/group/adns-python/ I've applied one important patch since 1.1.0, and that fixes a memory leak. If you are reading this from the Groups Beta interface, you should see a tarball for 1.1.1 in the files section; otherwise, you cannot see it. Unfortunately, there is some name-mangling and referrer detection and so it's not really possible to distribute a URL to get the file release. Additionally, code.google.com currently doesn't support flie releases, so I can't put it there, either. If you are interested in becoming a project developer, let me know. -- Patriotism means to stand by the country. It does not mean to stand by the president. -- T. Roosevelt This message has been scanned for memes and dangerous content by MindScanner, and is believed to be unclean. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Python25.zip
Colin J. Williams wrote: Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On Thu, 30 Nov 2006 18:14:11 -0500, Colin J. Williams [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: As part of the Python initialization, C:\Windows\System32\Python25.zip is set up in the path. I haven't seen any documentation on the use or purpose of the zip file. Well, did you examine the contents of it? There is no such file in C:\Windows\System32 - Python 2.5 on a Windows XP I believe for some versions now, import can pull from a ZIP archive -- perhaps they've put the many standard library imports into a single file... Yes, since 2.3 - thanks to Fredrick for the pointer to PEP 273. That gives the helpful warning that the above should follow the home directory in the path list. PEP 302 says [PYTHONPATH] is directly needed for Zip imports. The role of Python25.zip is not clear. Is it required in the path just to enable the import X.zip capability? No. It's there just *in case* you have a Python25.zip lying around containing the library. By default, it isn't. Georg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strange problems with code generation
It is left over from the example I stold it from, I remove it and see if that helps. Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On 1 Dec 2006 17:24:18 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: data = sys2.stdin.readlines() And what do you expect to read from stdin? Do you even have an attached console to read? -- WulfraedDennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ (Bestiaria Support Staff: [EMAIL PROTECTED]) HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What are python closures realy like?
Karl, Usually when using this idiom, fun_basket would return a tuple of all of the defined functions, rather than one vs. the other. So in place of: if f == 1: return f1 if f == 2: return f2 Just do return f1, f2 (For that matter, the argument f is no longer needed either.) Then your caller will get 2 functions, who share a common var. You don't call fun_basket any more, you've already created your two closures. Call fun_basket using something like: z1,z2 = fun_basket(None) And then call z1() and z2() at your leisure - they should have the desired behavior. -- Paul Thanks a lot Paul and for the other answers. The things are now clear to me. In fact, in the Lisp example that I mentioned, you get a list (or let it be association list) of the internal functions. Then you can call them separately and they work as you expect but it's due to the fact only that you got them created at the same time. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Printing Barcodes from webapp?
Burhan wrote: Hello Group: I am in the planning stages of an application that will be accessed over the web, and one of the ideas is to print a barcode that is generated when the user creates a record. The application is to track paperwork/items and uses barcodes to easily identify which paper/item belongs to which record. Is there an easy way to generate barcodes using Python -- considering the application will be printing to a printer at the client's machine? I thought of two ways this could be done; one would be to interface with the printing options of the browser to ensure that margins, headers, footers are setup properly (I have done this before using activex and IE, but with mixed results); the other would be to install some small application at the client machine that would intercept the print jobs and format them properly (taking the printing function away from the browser). Does anyone have any experience or advice? Any links I could read up on to help me find out how to program this? Another way (easier hopefully) to accomplish this? I think one of the easiest ways is to install acrobat reader and redirect client browser to a generated pdf file. http://www.reportlab.org/ has support for generating barcodes (and more) in pdf documents. -- Leo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Video feature
I would like to add on my website a possibility for visitors to upload video and watch other user's video. How much difficult would it be with Python? Thank you any for idea. L. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
vj wrote: How do I do the following unix command: mkdir -m770 test with the os.mkdir command. Using os.mkdir(mode=0770) ends with the incorrect permissions. mkdir() works just like its C equivalent, see http://docs.python.org/dev/lib/os-file-dir.html: Where it is used, the current umask value is first masked out. Use os.chmod() after os.mkdir() to get the desired permissions. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strange problems with code generation
I changed that and the writelines and I am very close now. thanks. Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On 1 Dec 2006 17:24:18 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: data = sys2.stdin.readlines() And what do you expect to read from stdin? Do you even have an attached console to read? -- WulfraedDennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ (Bestiaria Support Staff: [EMAIL PROTECTED]) HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
hello all, I seam to have noticed this a bit late but it appears to me that tkinter is being used very widely for gui development on all platform? is that right? since fredric lundh has written a very good introduction to tkinter (was that just an intro?), I have got keen interest to know the following. may be fredric himself might put some light on these points. 1. I seriously don't intend to start a flame war but does tkinter stand up to the standards of heavy gui development? can I have an entire mdi application working fine with tkinter? I know wxpython can do it and I have heard enough about pyqt, but tkinter seams to be very rich in gui objects. 2. as usual I always look out for accessibility when it comes to gui design. will tkinter be useful for blind people? I mean, are gui apps in tkinter accessible on windows? 3. I don't know if I need any thing else as dependencies on my windows machine. I am using python24 and I did not find any thing about installation in the introduction to tkinter. can some one give me the process of installing tkinter and all necessary things? 4. is tkinter absolutely compatible with windows gui? does it call on native api for native look and feel? in that case I think accessibility issue is automatically solved. I am looking out gui library for some serious application development. one is an erp system and the other is a customer relation management system. so I am confused between wxpython pyqt and now tkinter. out of the 3 I only found qt talking extencively about accessibility, but did not find a way to install qt in the first place. I could not compile qt nor did I find any run-time dlls for mingw so that I can use it out of the box. wxpython is the poorest in documentation and tkinter seams to be best at that. please give me some advice. thanking all. Krishnakant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Fw: Is there a reason not to do this?
Hendrik van Rooyen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ron Garret [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to get into a philosophical debate. Actually, I changed my mind. Consider: so did I - I think the chair analogy is not quite clear, so let me elucidate: def g(): print 'G' def h(): print 'H' def f(): g() class C1: def m1(self): f() up to here: m1 will call f that will call g - should there ever be an m1 of this class class C2: def m1(self): g() the m1 of this class will call g with no redirection, if it were called into existence and called c1 = C1() c2 = C2() two new things are made (chairs?) , called c1 and c2- so at this point, c1.m1()#Prints G c2.m1()#Prints G as expected def f(): h() now f is changed to call h instead of g for future calls to f (- loose talk this - actually the name f is rebound...) class C2: def m1(self): h() this is just a promise of things to come, if an instance of this new class with the old name should be made... c1.m1() # Prints H c2.m1() # Prints G yup. On what principled basis can you justify two different outputs in this case? Why should I be able to change the definition of f and not have to go back and recompile all references to it, but not m1? I think the simplest way to look at this is as follows - the inherited attributes of a class instance are fixed at the time of instantiation, while the function redirection works because it is evaluated at the time that it is called, not at the time it is created (or defined if you prefer). To make it work the way you want, would, I expect, require that the whole instantiation process be either checked for validity, or executed with every call to a class instance - a sort of make and kill on the fly process, or alternatively, at the time of the re definiton of a class, all instances of the class of that name would have to be re initialised - and this may not be possible, if for instance, the new __init__ method needs more variables than the old one did - so it becomes a bit of a toffee, and it looks as if the python dev crowd wisely decided to just leave it alone... This feels to me as if you are changing the specification of what wood to use from yellowood to teak after the chair has already been made. so now maybe you can see why I said that. ;-) - Hendrik -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: best way to align words?
Hello, thanks for all your replies, i'm now looking to dynamic programming... sorry for forgetting to say that i wanted the words to be ordered, thus : s1 = hello there dudes s2 = dudes hello there s3 = there dudes hello will not return anything while sharing all three words. Bearophile your solution with graph looks interesting although i still do not understand how it works, but yes there is definitively something with drawing path around words. i have tried SequenceMatcher from difflib after using combinations of all sentences as i need to process much more than the 3 of my first example. best. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: type(foo) == function ?
Mathias Panzenboeck wrote: This builtin will be removed in python 3.0! that's far from clear (since the replacement approach, just call it, simply doesn't work). and if you track the Py3K discussions, you'll notice current threads about *more* support for interface testing, not less support. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python25.zip
Colin J. Williams schrieb: The role of Python25.zip is not clear. Is it required in the path just to enable the import X.zip capability? To rephrase Georg's explanation: it allows Python distributors (e.g. Linux distributors, or ActiveState) to put all of the Python library (including site.py) into a single zip file, instead of requiring a Lib directory with many files in it. E.g. on Windows, a complete Python installation could consist of three files: python.exe, python25.dll, and python25.zip. To make that possible, you can't tell people that they have to edit site.py to put a zip file on sys.path, instead, the distributed interpreter must already look for a file even though this file will usually not be present. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python 2.5 install from source problem
Fabian Braennstroem schrieb: I just tried to install python 2.5 from source on my ScienticLinux (Redhat Clone) machine. It seems to work without any problem, at least I am able to run some of my old scripts. I installed it with './configure --prefix=/opt/python make make altinstall', but now for a 'vtk' installation which needs the python libraries I am not able to find a file like 'libpython2.5.so.*', which I think should be produced (at least at my office's machine (redhat) it is there). I just can find a 'libpython2.5.a' file ... Do I do something wrong? I'd say it is a bug in vtk that it requires libpython2.5.so.*. However, to work-around, you can configure Python with --enable-shared. Make sure to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH or LD_RUN_PATH appropriately. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
rdf, xmp
I have to add access to some XMP data to an existing python application. XMP is built on RDF, RDF is built on XML. I try to reuse as much of possible of existing code. btw, dont mistake XMP (http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/) with XMPP (http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3920.html), backed by PyXMPP (http://pyxmpp.jajcus.net/). XMP is adobe's standard for storing metadata in files (jpg, pdf). Are there people with the same concern out there? It seemed logical to use existing rdf libraries. I found two, RDFLib (http://rdflib.net) and pyrple (http://infomesh.net/pyrple/). My first contact with RDFLib is disappointing: real intricate lib (lot of modules, lot of methods), almost no documentation (an almost empty Epydoc generated documentation frame), puzzling experiments. I guess XMP uses a real tiny subset of RDF possibilities, and maybe RDFLib is fine for ambitious design, but too heavy in this case? Ill now dig a little on pyrple. Feedback on these matters, please? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: vj wrote: How do I do the following unix command: mkdir -m770 test with the os.mkdir command. Using os.mkdir(mode=0770) ends with the incorrect permissions. mkdir() works just like its C equivalent, see http://docs.python.org/dev/lib/os-file-dir.html: Where it is used, the current umask value is first masked out. Use os.chmod() after os.mkdir() to get the desired permissions. I think you meant use os.umask(0) before the os.mkdir() ? -- Nick Craig-Wood [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://www.craig-wood.com/nick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
vj [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: How do I do the following unix command: mkdir -m770 test with the os.mkdir command. Using os.mkdir(mode=0770) ends with the incorrect permissions. You mean :- $ python -c 'import os; os.mkdir(test, 0770)' $ stat test/ File: `test/' Size: 4096Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory Device: 806h/2054d Inode: 2453906 Links: 2 Access: (0750/drwxr-x---) Uid: ( 518/ ncw) Gid: ( 518/ ncw) Access: 2006-12-02 09:42:59.0 + Modify: 2006-12-02 09:42:59.0 + Change: 2006-12-02 09:42:59.0 + vs $ rmdir test $ mkdir -m770 test $ stat test/ File: `test/' Size: 4096Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory Device: 806h/2054d Inode: 2453906 Links: 2 Access: (0770/drwxrwx---) Uid: ( 518/ ncw) Gid: ( 518/ ncw) Access: 2006-12-02 09:43:23.0 + Modify: 2006-12-02 09:43:23.0 + Change: 2006-12-02 09:43:23.0 + $ umask 0022 $ So it looks like python mkdir() is applying the umask where as /bin/mkdir doesn't. From man 2 mkdir mkdir() attempts to create a directory named pathname. The parameter mode specifies the permissions to use. It is modified by the process's umask in the usual way: the permissions of the created directory are (mode ~umask 0777). Other mode bits of the created directory depend on the operating system. For Linux, see below. So python follows C rather than shell. Seems reasonable. To fix your problem, reset your umask thus :- $ rmdir test $ python -c 'import os; os.umask(0); os.mkdir(test, 0770)' $ stat test File: `test' Size: 4096Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory Device: 806h/2054d Inode: 2453906 Links: 2 Access: (0770/drwxrwx---) Uid: ( 518/ ncw) Gid: ( 518/ ncw) Access: 2006-12-02 09:48:04.0 + Modify: 2006-12-02 09:48:04.0 + Change: 2006-12-02 09:48:04.0 + $ -- Nick Craig-Wood [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://www.craig-wood.com/nick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
Nick Craig-Wood wrote: Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: vj wrote: How do I do the following unix command: mkdir -m770 test with the os.mkdir command. Using os.mkdir(mode=0770) ends with the incorrect permissions. mkdir() works just like its C equivalent, see http://docs.python.org/dev/lib/os-file-dir.html: Where it is used, the current umask value is first masked out. Use os.chmod() after os.mkdir() to get the desired permissions. I think you meant use os.umask(0) before the os.mkdir() ? No, I didn't. What is the difference/advantage of that approach? Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: client/server design and advice
John Henry wrote: On the subject of passing things around, is there a no brainer way of sending files back and forth over Pyro? I am currently using a shared drive to do that. May be I missed that feature? Sending files around is just a special case of passing large amounts of data to other systems. There is no built in support for file transfer in Pyro. It's rather easy to make a file transfer tool though, there is an example in the Pyro distribution that shows how this *may* be done. But choose the right tool for the job, things like rsync or even ftp may be preferable for just file transfer! If you use a shared drive, you could use Pyro to 'tell' the receiving side that the file is there with this-and-this name, to trigger a download. When the receiver is done copying the file, it can signal back and the sender can delete the file. But that's just an idea. --Irmen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
I've studied Python and studied PostgreSQL. Good. What is the absolute next best step to take to merge these two finely together? I've heard of Just download psycopg2. Python and PostgreSQL are a match made in heavan. Make your connection, do querys, get data, earn profits. Object-Relational-Mappers are to direct SQL as phone sex is to the real thing. Harald -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ftputil upload error
Hello,
I have one problem about ftputil file upload.Here is my short example:
from ftputil import FTPHost
import tkFileDialog
import os
from Tkinter import Tk
ftp=FTPHost('myserver','username','password')
forupload=tkFileDialog.askopenfile(parent=root)
file=forupload.name
## I was choose file C:/Documents and Settings/VEKI/My
Documents/internet/popravak.txt ##
ftp.upload(file,os.path.basename(file))
THEN I GAIN ERROR:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File pyshell#48, line 1, in -toplevel-
ftp.upload(file,os.path.basename(file),'b')
File C:\Python24\lib\ftputil.py, line 417, in upload
self.__copy_file(source, target, mode, open, self.file)
File C:\Python24\lib\ftputil.py, line 406, in __copy_file
target = target_open(target, target_mode)
File C:\Python24\lib\ftputil.py, line 245, in file
host._file._open(effective_file, mode)
File C:\Python24\lib\ftp_file.py, line 115, in _open
self._conn = ftp_error._try_with_ioerror(
File C:\Python24\lib\ftp_error.py, line 101, in _try_with_ioerror
raise FTPIOError(ftp_error)
FTPIOError: 550 popravak.txt: Access is denied.
Debugging info: ftputil 2.1, Python 2.4.2 (win32)
Regards,
Vedran
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python 2.5 bindings for Subversion 1.4.2 on Win32 binary
Hello, I am one of those guys trying with no chance to get a working copy of TRAC for python 2.5 http://trac.edgewall.org/ is a superb Project managment tool with a wiki, control version (SVN), and a tracking bug/task system. This is a suposed place to go for a windows user: http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/TracOnWindows/Python2.5 You are able to: - Install a subversion server 1.4.2 (like a windows service). - Install python 2.5 - Install Genshi 0.3.4 - Install Setuptools - Install Trac (0.11dev) from the last development source. But you need a Python 2.5 binding to be able to talk to a subversion repository, and this is a road to nowhere (cul de sac) issue. He is a post from Brandt, Servatius to the Subversion users list asking for this: http://svn.haxx.se/users/archive-2006-12/0041.shtml The people at TRAC and Subversion says: this is a topic not concerning their software. Please, could be any interested team o person in the python Comunity to adapt a python 2.5 interface to SVN ? Great python Projects like TRAC or DJANGO are the keys to a wide acceptance of python. Making this easy to the final users is (in my opinion) a survival question for the future of Python. Thanks Peter Atkinson -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
Hi, Look at DJANGO;-) http://www.djangoproject.com/ http://www.djangobook.com/ Regards Peter Atkinson vbgunz ha escrito: Hello all, I've studied Python and studied PostgreSQL. What is the absolute next best step to take to merge these two finely together? I've heard of SQLAlchemy and some others but before I dive in, I would really like the opinion of those who tried it and other toolkits. My main concern is, I would like to completely work with a database from Python. What would you suggest I look into? Thank you for your time! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Printing Barcodes from webapp?
Burhan wrote: Is there an easy way to generate barcodes using Python -- considering the application will be printing to a printer at the client's machine? here are some barcode generators for Python: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/426069 http://www.cgpp.com/bookland/ http://www.reportlab.org (see the graphics.barcode subpackage) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 bindings for Subversion 1.4.2 on Win32 binary
patkinson schrieb: Great python Projects like TRAC or DJANGO are the keys to a wide acceptance of python. Making this easy to the final users is (in my opinion) a survival question for the future of Python. Please note that threatening is useless most of the time in free software. Very few people will agree that the future of Python depends on provision of a subversion module for Python 2.5 on Win32, anyway. If you need this, you would work on making it happen yourself, or you should hire somebody to make it for you if you can't do it yourself. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: rdf, xmp
Imbaud Pierre wrote: I have to add access to some XMP data to an existing python application. XMP is built on RDF, RDF is built on XML. RDF is _NOT_ built on top of XML. Thinking that it is causes a lot of trouble in the architecture of big RDF projects. RDF is a data model, not a serialisation. The data model is also a graph (more than XML can cope with) and can span multiple documents. It's only RDF/XML that's the serialisation of RDF into XML and good architectures start from thinking about the RDF data model, not this RDF/XML serialisation. As to RDF handling, then the usual toolset is Jena (in Java) and Redland has a Python binding although Redland is fairly aged now. I'm unfamiliar with XMP and won't have a chance to look at it until Monday. However if XMP is strongly XML like despite claiming to be RDF, then you might find that handling a pure XMP problem is quite easily done with XML tools. Famously RDF/XML is unprocessable with XSLT if it's sophisticated, but quite easy if it's restricted to only a simple XML-like RDF model. XMP could well be similar. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Printing Barcodes from webapp?
Burhan wrote: Is there an easy way to generate barcodes using Python Easy way for any application or language to generate barcodes is to install a barcode font on the client machine, then just generate a suitable text string for it. This is _very_ easy, if you can get the font deployed. I usually find myself using Code 39 and printing them from a HTML document. There are plenty of free code 39 fonts around and the string mangling to get the barcode structured correctly is just a trivial prefix / suffix. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 bindings for Subversion 1.4.2 on Win32 binary
patkinson wrote: Great python Projects like TRAC or DJANGO are the keys to a wide acceptance of python. Making this easy to the final users is (in my opinion) a survival question for the future of Python. any special reason why you cannot use the *recommended* releases in- stead of playing with bleeding edge development code and use only if you don't need to interface with subversion instructions, and then complain when you cannot get it to work? simple instructions for installing Trac 0.10 on Windows can be found here: http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/TracOnWindows/Rewrite that page contains direct links to Python and Subversion installers, and a all-in-one installation scripts that fixes the rest. subversion bindings for Python on Windows can be found here: http://subversion.tigris.org/servlets/ProjectDocumentList?folderID=91 /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 bindings for Subversion 1.4.2 on Win32 binary
Yes Martin, You are right. I'm not trying to threat any one. My excuses to you with that (infortunated) paragraph. Thanks anyway for your suggestion. My intention was to motivate other people with the same interests, or to find another way or patch, to keep Trac working. Regards P. Atkinson Martin v. Löwis ha escrito: patkinson schrieb: Great python Projects like TRAC or DJANGO are the keys to a wide acceptance of python. Making this easy to the final users is (in my opinion) a survival question for the future of Python. Please note that threatening is useless most of the time in free software. Very few people will agree that the future of Python depends on provision of a subversion module for Python 2.5 on Win32, anyway. If you need this, you would work on making it happen yourself, or you should hire somebody to make it for you if you can't do it yourself. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Thread help
John Henry wrote: Why stop there? Stop where, after one thread? Different question: Why use many threads? It adds complexity and overhead and forces you to think about thread safety and reentrance. Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #134: because of network lag due to too many people playing deathmatch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
vbgunz wrote: I've studied Python and studied PostgreSQL. What is the absolute next best step to take to merge these two finely together? the db-api interface: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/ db-api compliant postgresql adapters: http://www.pygresql.org/ http://www.initd.org/ higher-level interfaces for postgresql and other db-api compliant drivers: http://www.sqlobject.org/ http://www.sqlalchemy.org/ http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/ etc. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: best way to align words?
thanks for all your replies, i'm now looking to dynamic programming... Id better warn you before you go further. Notice that LCS is often defined to be finding all common subsequences of a maximum length. This problem inherently has higher complexity, as the number of such subsequences is exponential in the worst case This means that if you have 10 sentences with 5 words in each there is 5^10 space and time complexity. Definitelly, there are better algorithms from dynamic programming, but you should review your needs: how many sentences, words you have. There can be easier way than dynamic programming. Oleg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Error handling. Python embedded into a C++ app.
Maybe of interest to people loking for a solution: I solved my issue by changing the program retroactively from a pure MFC app to a console one using this procedure: http://homepage3.nifty.com/ysflight/mfcconsole/mfcconsole.html I am still not sure why all of my other attempts failed, but most somehow changed stderr after the program started and before the python initialisation call. Maybe by binding in the python libraries some initialisation is done automatically before the first user C++ line is called and so any change done by the C++ code ignored? Oh well, it works now, even if with a kludge (I always need to have a console, even if I do not use Python). Bye bye, Wolfram Kuss. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Printing Barcodes from webapp?
Andy Dingley wrote: Burhan wrote: Is there an easy way to generate barcodes using Python Easy way for any application or language to generate barcodes is to install a barcode font on the client machine, then just generate a suitable text string for it. This is _very_ easy, if you can get the font deployed. I usually find myself using Code 39 and printing them from a HTML document. There are plenty of free code 39 fonts around and the string mangling to get the barcode structured correctly is just a trivial prefix / suffix. I thought about this as an option too, but I do not have control over the client machines, maybe I'll use this and go with the PDF idea mentioned above. Thanks for all the links, I have some reading to do now. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
krishnakant Mane wrote: hello all, I seam to have noticed this a bit late but it appears to me that tkinter is being used very widely for gui development on all platform? is that right? since fredric lundh has written a very good introduction to tkinter (was that just an intro?), I have got keen interest to know the following. may be fredric himself might put some light on these points. 1. I seriously don't intend to start a flame war but does tkinter stand up to the standards of heavy gui development? can I have an entire mdi application working fine with tkinter? I know wxpython can do it and I have heard enough about pyqt, but tkinter seams to be very rich in gui objects. 2. as usual I always look out for accessibility when it comes to gui design. will tkinter be useful for blind people? I mean, are gui apps in tkinter accessible on windows? 3. I don't know if I need any thing else as dependencies on my windows machine. I am using python24 and I did not find any thing about installation in the introduction to tkinter. can some one give me the process of installing tkinter and all necessary things? 4. is tkinter absolutely compatible with windows gui? does it call on native api for native look and feel? in that case I think accessibility issue is automatically solved. I am looking out gui library for some serious application development. one is an erp system and the other is a customer relation management system. so I am confused between wxpython pyqt and now tkinter. out of the 3 I only found qt talking extencively about accessibility, but did not find a way to install qt in the first place. I could not compile qt nor did I find any run-time dlls for mingw so that I can use it out of the box. wxpython is the poorest in documentation and tkinter seams to be best at that. please give me some advice. thanking all. Krishnakant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
For wxPython, there is a book wxPython in Action published by Manning Cheers Norm wrote: krishnakant Mane wrote: hello all, I seam to have noticed this a bit late but it appears to me that tkinter is being used very widely for gui development on all platform? is that right? since fredric lundh has written a very good introduction to tkinter (was that just an intro?), I have got keen interest to know the following. may be fredric himself might put some light on these points. 1. I seriously don't intend to start a flame war but does tkinter stand up to the standards of heavy gui development? can I have an entire mdi application working fine with tkinter? I know wxpython can do it and I have heard enough about pyqt, but tkinter seams to be very rich in gui objects. 2. as usual I always look out for accessibility when it comes to gui design. will tkinter be useful for blind people? I mean, are gui apps in tkinter accessible on windows? 3. I don't know if I need any thing else as dependencies on my windows machine. I am using python24 and I did not find any thing about installation in the introduction to tkinter. can some one give me the process of installing tkinter and all necessary things? 4. is tkinter absolutely compatible with windows gui? does it call on native api for native look and feel? in that case I think accessibility issue is automatically solved. I am looking out gui library for some serious application development. one is an erp system and the other is a customer relation management system. so I am confused between wxpython pyqt and now tkinter. out of the 3 I only found qt talking extencively about accessibility, but did not find a way to install qt in the first place. I could not compile qt nor did I find any run-time dlls for mingw so that I can use it out of the box. wxpython is the poorest in documentation and tkinter seams to be best at that. please give me some advice. thanking all. Krishnakant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PythonTidy
Thomas Heller wrote this on Fri, Dec 01, 2006 at 10:12:38PM +0100. My reply is below. Here is part of a diff before and after running PythonTidy on it: start -def comptr_setitem(self, index, value): -# We override the __setitem__ method of the -# POINTER(POINTER(interface)) type, so that the COM -# reference count is managed correctly. +def comptr_setitem(self, index, value): # We override the __setitem__ method of the + # POINTER(POINTER(interface)) type, so that the COM + # reference count is managed correctly. Can this be customized? I am able to rationalize why this happens, but you are correct: This behavior is not appropriate. I am testing several changes, one of which should prevent it in all cases, obviating the need for a custom switch. -- .. Chuck Rhode, Sheboygan, WI, USA .. 1979 Honda Goldwing GL1000 (Geraldine) .. Weather: http://LacusVeris.com/WX .. 10° — Wind S 5 mph -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to realize the interactive python in Eclipse?
I have installed the Eclipse and the plug-in Pydev. Also, I have add an python program in the external tools. When I run the python program in the external tools, i can type python command just like in the python shell.But when I finished running a python file, in the console, I could not type any command to check some argument generated in the process. Is there any way I can make it? thank you~~ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there a reason not to do this?
Since we are in a hackish mood, another alternative - interesting if you want the freedom to update your instances selectively - is to change their class at runtime. In this way you can specify which instances must use the new version of the class and which ones must keep the old one. It may be useful for debugging purposes too. Here is some code, to get you started: def update(obj): Look if the class of obj has been redefined in the global namespace: if so, update obj cls = globals().get(obj.__class__.__name__) if cls and cls is not obj.__class__: obj.__class__ = cls class C(object): # old class def m1(self): return 1 c = C() # old instance assert c.m1() == 1 class C(object): # new class def m1(self): return 2 update(c) # old instance updated assert c.m1() == 2 Michele Simionato -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there a reason not to do this?
Ron Garret wrote: Doesn't work for me: c2 __main__.C2 instance at 0x51e850 c2.m1() G class C2: ... __metaclass__ = modify_in_place ... def m1(self): print 'Q' ... c2.m1() G C2().m1() Q I assume your original C2 class was defined in a different module, not in the current global namespace. What do you get from c.__class__.__module__ ? It should be __name__ for this approach to work. class C2: def m1(self): return 'G' c = C2() def modify_in_place(name,bases,clsdict): cls = globals()[name] for attr,val in clsdict.iteritems(): setattr(cls,attr,val) return cls # Replace second C2 class above with this class C2: __metaclass__ = modify_in_place def m1(self): return 'Q' assert c.m1() == 'Q' assert c.__class__.__module__ == __name__ # make sure c.__class__ is defined in the current module Michele Simionato -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
To fix your problem, reset your umask thus :- Thanks for the detailed reply. Your fix works like a charm. VJ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
On 2006-12-02, Michel Claveau [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi!
Yes.
But...
Try:d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'def': 123}
Ok, I go out...
How to convert a list of strings into a list of integers:
a = ['82', '4', '16']
ai = [int(i) for i in a]
Yes.
But...
Try: a = ['82', '4', '16', 'foo']
Ok, I go out...
--
Neil Cerutti
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python vs java eclipse
Amir Michail wrote: Hi, It seems to me that measuring productivity in a programming language must take into account available tools and libraries. Eclipse for example provides such an amazing IDE for java that it is no longer obvious to me that one would be much more productive in python for medium sized projects. Sure, all that Java static typing can be painful, but Eclipse takes some of that pain away. Moreover, static typing can result in better on-the-fly error detection and refactoring support. Any thoughts on this? Amir FYI: http://showmedo.com/videos/series?name=PyDevEclipseList hg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: a -very- case sensitive search
Thank you! This was really helpful. Also the data bit about .istitle() was the missinng piece of the puzzle for me... So now my script is nice and working :) And as beside the point, yes I am from Israel, and no, we don't have uper case and lower case letters. Hebrew has only one set of letters. So my script was actualy for the english letters inside the hebrew text... --Ola Paul McGuire כתב: Ola K [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi, I am pretty new to Python and I want to make a script that will search for the following options: 1) words made of uppercase characters -only- (like YES) 2) words made of lowercase character -only- (like yes) 3) and words with only the first letter capitalized (like Yes) * and I need to do all these considering the fact that not all letters are indeed English letters. I went through different documention section but couldn't find a right condition, function or method for it. Suggestions will be very much appriciated... --Ola Ola, You may be new to Python, but are you new to regular expressions too? I am no wiz at them, but here is a script that takes a stab at what you are trying to do. (For more regular expression info, see http://www.amk.ca/python/howto/regex/.) The script has these steps: - create strings containing all unicode chars that are considered lower and upper, using the unicode.is* methods - use these strings to construct 3 regular expressions (or res), one for words of all lowercase letters, one for words of all uppercase letters, and one for words that start with an uppercase letter followed by at least one lowercase letter. - use each re to search the string uYES yes Yes, and print the found matches I've used unicode strings throughout, so this should be applicable to your text consisting of letters beyond the basic Latin set (since Outlook Express is trying to install Israeli fonts when reading your post, I assume these are the characters you are trying to handle). You may have to do some setup of your locale for proper handling of unicode.isupper, etc., but I hope this gives you a jump start on your problem. -- Paul import sys import re uppers = u.join( unichr(i) for i in range(sys.maxunicode) if unichr(i).isupper() ) lowers = u.join( unichr(i) for i in range(sys.maxunicode) if unichr(i).islower() ) allUpperRe = ur\b[%s]+\b % uppers allLowerRe = ur\b[%s]+\b % lowers capWordRe = ur\b[%s][%s]+\b % (uppers,lowers) regexes = [ (allUpperRe, all upper), (allLowerRe, all lower), (capWordRe, title case), ] for reString,label in regexes: reg = re.compile(reString) result = reg.findall(u YES yes Yes ) print label,:,result Prints: all upper : [u'YES'] all lower : [u'yes'] title case : [u'Yes'] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
On Fri, 01 Dec 2006 23:04:37 -0800, vbgunz wrote: Hello all, I've studied Python and studied PostgreSQL. What is the absolute next best step to take to merge these two finely together? I've heard of SQLAlchemy and some others but before I dive in, I would really like the opinion of those who tried it and other toolkits. My main concern is, I would like to completely work with a database from Python. What would you suggest I look into? Let me venture that the biggest problem most people seem to have is that they endure great pain just to avoid learning SQL. SQL is a complete programming language in and of itself with a breadth and depth that most people miss. And it covers much terrain missed by Python. Which is a good thing because SQL and Python are perfect together. With this language mix you've got darn near everything licked. Get SQL in your head and all you will need would be the db-api interface with Postgres that Frederick Lundh pointed you to. All you want to do is throw SQL commands at Postgres and recover result sets into Python. It's a cinch. Thomas Bartkus -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
Before commiting to a RDBMS take a look at Gadfly. Depending on what you need a RDB for, (light duty), or (heavy duty) take a look at gadfly. Gadfly is made from all python code. Use stardard SQL statements like Select, Create and Drop Tables, etc. Newest version GadflyB5 http://gadfly.sourceforge.net/ jim-on-linux http://www.inqvista.com On Saturday 02 December 2006 11:33, Thomas Bartkus wrote: On Fri, 01 Dec 2006 23:04:37 -0800, vbgunz wrote: Hello all, I've studied Python and studied PostgreSQL. What is the absolute next best step to take to merge these two finely together? I've heard of SQLAlchemy and some others but before I dive in, I would really like the opinion of those who tried it and other toolkits. My main concern is, I would like to completely work with a database from Python. What would you suggest I look into? Let me venture that the biggest problem most people seem to have is that they endure great pain just to avoid learning SQL. SQL is a complete programming language in and of itself with a breadth and depth that most people miss. And it covers much terrain missed by Python. Which is a good thing because SQL and Python are perfect together. With this language mix you've got darn near everything licked. Get SQL in your head and all you will need would be the db-api interface with Postgres that Frederick Lundh pointed you to. All you want to do is throw SQL commands at Postgres and recover result sets into Python. It's a cinch. Thomas Bartkus -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: About alternatives to Matlab
Jon Harrop wrote: I don't know Python but this benchmark caught my eye. def D4_Transform(x, s1=None, d1=None, d2=None): D4 Wavelet transform in NumPy (C) Sturla Molden C1 = 1.7320508075688772 C2 = 0.4330127018922193 C3 = -0.066987298107780702 C4 = 0.51763809020504137 C5 = 1.9318516525781364 if d1 == None: d1 = numpy.zeros(x.size/2) s1 = numpy.zeros(x.size/2) d2 = numpy.zeros(x.size/2) Are these definitions ever used? It looks like s1, d1 and d2 are all redefined below without reference to these previous values. No, they're never redefined (even in the recursive version). Slices of them are reassigned. That's a big difference. odd = x[1::2] even = x[:-1:2] d1[:] = odd[:] - C1*even[:] s1[0] = even[0] + C2*d1[0] + C3*d1[-1] s1[1:] = even[1:] + C2*d1[1:] + C3*d1[:-1] d2[0] = d1[0] + s1[-1] d2[1:] = d1[1:] + s1[:-1] even[:] = C4 * s1[:] odd[:] = C5 * d2[:] Does that line create an array that is never used? If so, is C5 also never used? No it doesn't create a new array. But it does have an effect. Explained below. (Actually, it does create a temporary array to store the intermediate result, but that array does not get bound to odd.) if x.size 2: D4_Transform(even,s1[0:even.size/2],d1[0:even.size/2],d2[0:even.size/2]) What is the result of this function? It modifies the array even in place. This also has an effect. I'm interested in translating this function into other languages, like OCaml, to see how good Python's performance is (I am amazed it can beat Matlab, not that I've used Matlab). Matlab has a few *cough* limitations when it comes to hand-optimizing. When writing naive code, Matlab often is faster than Python with numpy because it has many commerical man-year of optimizing behind it. However, Matlab helps v In particular, I think you are eagerly allocating arrays when, in a functional language, you could just as easily compose closures. You are completely wrong. What you seem to be missing is that slice assignment shares data. For example, the statement odd = x[1::2] does NOT create a new array. It takes a slice of x's data (in this case, the odd elements of x: slices need not be contiguous), and binds it to the symbol odd. The array elements are shared; changing elements in odd also changes elements of x. So later on, the statement odd[:] = C5*d2[:] reassigns the elements of odd, which, because the array elements are shared, also reassigns the odd elements in x. (Notice the difference between odd[:]= and odd=. odd[:]= is slice assignment; it changes the elements in the given slice of odd, in this case the whole array. odd= rebinds the symbol odd to a different object, which could be a new array, a slice of an existing array, or any other Python object.) This data sharing more or less accomplishes the same thing that the closures you speak of accomplish (in this case), only without the functional. For example, this program is 3x faster than the Python on my machine: let rec d4 s1 d1 d2 x = let c1 = 1.7320508075688772 in let c2 = 0.4330127018922193 in let c3 = -0.066987298107780702 in let c4 = 0.51763809020504137 in let c5 = 1.9318516525781364 in let n = Array.length x in let odd i = x.(2*i) and even i = x.(2*i + 1) in let d1 i = odd i -. c1 *. even i in let f = function -1 - n/2 - 1 | i - i in let s1 i = even i +. c2 *. d1 i +. c3 *. d1 (f(i-1)) in let d2 i = d1 i +. s1 (f(i-1)) in let even = Array.init (n/2) (fun i - c4 *. s1 i) in if n 2 then d4 s1 d1 d2 even else s1, d1, d2 but I'm not sure it is correct! It's not correct, but what you left out is probably low cost. OCaml is compiled to machine code, right? And types can be inferred at compile time, correct? Well then of course it's faster. It seems to me a big help is the ability to fold multiple array operations into a single loop, which is optimization a dynamically-typed language like Python can't easily make. (It'd require are really smart JIT compiler or some concessions in dynamicity.) Carl Banks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Detecting recursion loops
Instead of threading a counter ( or an accumulator as for tail-recursive functions ) you can monitor the behaviour of the mutual recusive function call using an external stack and wrap the contributing functions using a decorator s.t. pushing and popping to and from the stack are pre- and postprocessing steps. Since the external stack is under your control you can define fine grained limits and actions. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
text adventure question
I am working on a text adventure game for python to get back into
python programming. My version 0.1 used only functions so I could get
familiar with how those work. I want to move beyond that. I am not
sure what would be a good Python way of handling this. I was
wondering if classes would help? What things should be included in the
main program?
A couple of my goals are:
1) Remove the rooms (or areas) from the main program and have them
called in as needed.
2) Remove NPC's and monsters from the main program and have them
called in as needed.
3) A way of keeping track of time passing in the game
4) Having the main character info stored somewhere else.
Below is pasted a section of my code. Each room is a function that is
later called. I included only one room to keep this short. Thanks you
for suggestions and your time.
Code:
#A sample text adventure game
#Version 0.1
#By Ara Kooser
import random
import sys
import string
#Using global variables for the character
#Want to use a function instead
stre = 9
con = 8
inte = 11
agl = 14
app = 10
mag = 6
sz = 9
hp = 17
reputation = 0
stealth = False
quest1 = False
quest2 = False
cruse = False
poison = False
diseased = False
ducats = 50
lira = 25
florin = 80
equipment = {'Sword': 1, 'Dagger': 1, 'Walking staff': 1, 'Leather Armor':1}
backpack = {'Flint and steel': 1, 'Rations': 7, 'dressing kit': 6,
'waterskin': 2}
belt_pouch = {}
#
day = False
### Global variables for items ###
#grass blades in meadow_1
getGrass_m1 = 0
#mushroom in edge_forest1
getMushroom_ef1 = 0
#orc in forest2
aliveOrc = 0
#
# help function that will give you a list of commands
def help():
print look, examine (object), n, w, e, s, take (item)
print climb, stealth, fishing, herbalism, forage, haggle
print field dressing
print wield (object), attack, flee, close, withdraw, maintain
print backpack, belt pouch, cs
print Example: examine book, take ducats, attack orc
def character_sheet():
print \
Name: Profession:
Social Class: Race:
Strength
Constitution
Intelligence
Agility
Appearance
Magic
Size
Ducats: Lira: Florin:
Skills: Forage, Haggle, Stealth, Fishing, Herbalism, Climb, Sword, Staff,
Dagger, Field Dressing
Equipment: Backpack, Belt Pouch, Run of the Mill Sword, Dagger, FlintSteel
1 week food, 2 waterskins, walking stick, dressing kit
def start():
print '''
SAMPLE TEXT ADVENTURE V0.1
You are the last person to leave the small village of Hommlet. The wooden
gate closes behind you and twilight reaches across the land. A dense mist
creeps up out of the ground, only to be kept at bay by the watchmens torches.
Somewhere deep in the woods lies the foul orcs you have tracked for several
days.
'''
print
def outside1():
global hp
global reputation
print Current Hit Points = ,hp
print Current Reputation = ,reputation
print ''' You are outside the town gates. The dirt road heads
(N)orth to another
town several days away. The forest lies (E)ast and (W)est through the
meadows. The
rumors you heard in town describe the orcs as being to the west. The town's gate
is to the (S)outh but it is locked for the night.
Type 'help' for a full list of commands.'''
print
prompt_out1()
def out1_desc():
print '''The fog is growing denser as the sun sets on the meadows.
The exits are (N)orth, (E)ast and (W)est.'''
print
prompt_out1()
def prompt_out1():
global day
prompt_o1 = raw_input(Type a command: ).lower()
try:
if prompt_o1 == help:
help()
print
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == cs:
character_sheet()
print
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == status:
print Current Hit Points = ,hp
print Current Reputation = ,reputation
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == backpack:
print backpack
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == belt pouch:
print belt_pouch
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == equipment:
print equipment
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == examine fog:
print The fog seems natural enough for this time of year.
print
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == examine road:
print '''The road is a
Re: About alternatives to Matlab
Carl Banks wrote: Matlab has a few *cough* limitations when it comes to hand-optimizing. When writing naive code, Matlab often is faster than Python with numpy because it has many commerical man-year of optimizing behind it. However, Matlab helps v That should say: However, Matlab helps very little when you need to speed things up, or (especially) use less memory than the naive way. Carl Banks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
On Fri, 01 Dec 2006 17:48:40 -0800, rieh25 wrote:
If I have a dictionary such as:
d = {'a' : 1, 'b' : 2}
is there a way to convert it into an object o, such as:
o.a = 1
o.b = 2
Rather, the question could be asked the other way around: how can you
convert that object into a dict?
The attributes in 'o' are part of its '__dict__' attribute, which is a
dictionary. That is,
o.a = 1
is equivalent to
o.__dict__['a'] = 1
If you already have a dictionary 'd', you can overlay it onto the object's
attributes with
o.__dict__.update(d)
Carl
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
krishnakant Mane wrote: I seam to have noticed this a bit late but it appears to me that tkinter is being used very widely for gui development on all platform? is that right? Tkinter is bundled with Python on all platforms that support Tcl/Tk. As a result there's a low barrier to entry to Tkinter programming, so people tend to use it, at least when they start with GUI development. 3. I don't know if I need any thing else as dependencies on my windows machine. I am using python24 and I did not find any thing about installation in the introduction to tkinter. can some one give me the process of installing tkinter and all necessary things? It's been a long time since I installed Python on Windows, and I think I used ActivePython: http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePython/ I believe that this package includes Tkinter, so you shouldn't have to do anything else to install it. so I am confused between wxpython pyqt and now tkinter. out of the 3 I only found qt talking extencively about accessibility, but did not find a way to install qt in the first place. I could not compile qt nor did I find any run-time dlls for mingw so that I can use it out of the box. I believe there should be a package which includes pre-built Qt libraries as well as source code, all licensed under the GNU GPL. It may not help you get started with MinGW, though the information on the download page indicates that the package will also download and install the MinGW compiler, if needed. Take a look at the following page for more information: http://www.trolltech.com/developer/downloads/qt/windows If you're unable to license your own code under the GNU GPL then you'll have to look at commercial licenses for Qt and PyQt. David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.mkdir and mode
Nick Craig-Wood schrieb: So it looks like python mkdir() is applying the umask where as /bin/mkdir doesn't. From man 2 mkdir Actually, mkdir(1) has no chance to not apply the umask: it also has to use mkdir(2), which is implemented in the OS kernel, and that applies the umask. Try strace mkdir -m770 test to see how mkdir solves this problem; the relevant fragment is this: umask(0)= 022 mkdir(test, 0770) = 0 chmod(test, 0770) = 0 So it does *both* set the umask to 0, and then apply chmod. Looking at the source, I see that it invokes umask(0) not to clear the umask, but to find out what the old value was. It then invokes chmod to set any special bits (s, t) that might be specified, as mkdir(2) isn't required (by POSIX spec) to honor them. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Security Descriptor and CoInitializeSecurity
Huayang Xia wrote: I'd like to call pythoncom.CoInitializeSecurity with a PySecurityDescriptor object to set the process-wide security values. But I'm not able to find a way to let the code go through. I have read MSDN and searched web, I've not been able to find answer. I cooked a security descriptor like this (assume aces is a tuple of tuple (access, sid) : sd = win32security.SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR() sd.Initialize() sd.SetSecurityDescriptorOwner(sid_owner, False) sd.SetSecurityDescriptorGroup(sid_group, False) # create DACL dacl = win32security.ACL() dacl.Initialize() for (access, acc_sid) in aces: # Add ACE which is access and SID dacl.AddAccessAllowedAce(win32security.ACL_REVISION, access, isinstance(acc_sid, (unicode, str)) and win32security.ConvertStringSidToSid(acc_sid) or acc_sid) sd.SetDacl(True, dacl, False) # SetSecurityDescriptorDacl print sd.IsSelfRelative()# result is 1 The sd is a self relative one. From MSDN, after calling InitializeSecurityDescriptor, the sd is absolute sd, and CoInitializeSecurity needs absolute sd. Pythonwin has not wrapped function like 'MakeAbsoluteSD'. Has someone ever had same problem. Could you give a hint for solving the problem. Thanks. Regards PySECURITY_DESCRIPTOR's are always stored in self-relative format. They should be converted automatically in the few places that require an absolute SD, but looks like this one was missed. Could you file a bug report on SourceForge ? http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/ Roger == Posted via Newsfeeds.Com - Unlimited-Unrestricted-Secure Usenet News== http://www.newsfeeds.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! 120,000+ Newsgroups = East and West-Coast Server Farms - Total Privacy via Encryption = -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
global name 'self' is not defined
Hi
I have a short script that makes 2 calls to methods in another script
as follows:
import canPlaces as canp
callOne=canp.addMe(3,5)
callTwo=canp.estocStn()
The 2 methods in the second script are:
def addMe(a,b)
sumAb=a+b
return sumAb
def estocStn():
estoc={'lat':29.15,'lon':-15.667,'place':'ESTOC'}
return estoc
Why is it that the first call works fine, but the second tells me
'global name 'self' is not defined'? What I want is to have the
dictionary 'estoc' available in my calling script.
Thanks, Evan
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Re: global name 'self' is not defined
On 2 Dec 2006 10:42:28 -0800, Evan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Why is it that the first call works fine, but the second tells me 'global name 'self' is not defined'? What I want is to have the dictionary 'estoc' available in my calling script. Well, you have not posted the code that is causing the problem, nowhere in your mail there's a reference to self. -- Felipe. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: global name 'self' is not defined
Evan wrote:
Hi
I have a short script that makes 2 calls to methods in another script
as follows:
import canPlaces as canp
callOne=canp.addMe(3,5)
callTwo=canp.estocStn()
The 2 methods in the second script are:
def addMe(a,b)
sumAb=a+b
return sumAb
def estocStn():
estoc={'lat':29.15,'lon':-15.667,'place':'ESTOC'}
return estoc
Why is it that the first call works fine, but the second tells me
'global name 'self' is not defined'? What I want is to have the
dictionary 'estoc' available in my calling script.
Thanks, Evan
Please post examples that reproduce the error; what you posted doesn't
even refer to self at all.
George
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wxpython worked out but can't find api docs for download.
hello all. finally I got the accessibility issue out from wxpython. actually almost got it out, but that's another story. now my problem is that I can't gind a downloadable version of wxpython api reference for the latest version or the latest api reference at least. I found the on-line version so please don't provide the same link. when I opened it on line, it took about 8 minuts to get the wx package come up on screen with over 600 links. I need to have some off line reference for the wxpython api. I have enough documentation to get started but I don't have the extencive api references for events and other methods, properties and attributes. can some one point me to a .zip or .tar.gz version of the api docs for wxpython? thanking all. Krishnakant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python 2.5 install from source problem
Hi Martin, * Martin v. Löwis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Fabian Braennstroem schrieb: I just tried to install python 2.5 from source on my ScienticLinux (Redhat Clone) machine. It seems to work without any problem, at least I am able to run some of my old scripts. I installed it with './configure --prefix=/opt/python make make altinstall', but now for a 'vtk' installation which needs the python libraries I am not able to find a file like 'libpython2.5.so.*', which I think should be produced (at least at my office's machine (redhat) it is there). I just can find a 'libpython2.5.a' file ... Do I do something wrong? I'd say it is a bug in vtk that it requires libpython2.5.so.*. However, to work-around, you can configure Python with --enable-shared. Make sure to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH or LD_RUN_PATH appropriately. Thanks a lot! Greetings! Fabian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PythonTidy
Thomas Heller wrote this on Fri, Dec 01, 2006 at 10:12:38PM +0100. My reply is below. Chuck Rhode schrieb: o Command-line args: Please give an example of a standard command that I might emulate w.r.t. standard argument use. Well, at least it would be nice if I could call 'PythonTidy.py mymodule.py' to tidy up the mymodule.py file. I've uploaded a new version of PythonTidy: o http://www.lacusveris.com/PythonTidy/PythonTidy-1.4.python It fixes several problems. Also it allows file names as arguments. Here is part of a diff before and after running PythonTidy on it: start -def comptr_setitem(self, index, value): -# We override the __setitem__ method of the -# POINTER(POINTER(interface)) type, so that the COM -# reference count is managed correctly. +def comptr_setitem(self, index, value): # We override the __setitem__ method of the + # POINTER(POINTER(interface)) type, so that the COM + # reference count is managed correctly. Can this be customized? This problem has been fixed I think. No customization should be required to keep block comments from being rendered as in-line comments. Wolfgang Grafen reported that PythonTidy crashed in Python-2.4 because new Abstract Syntax Tree node types introduced in Python-2.5 weren't available. It was trivial to check availability, so PythonTidy should now run in Python-2.4. However, this has not been thoroughly tested and is not guaranteed. PythonTidy can now recode string literals if required, although this capability is turned off by default. See RECODE_STRINGS. Docstrings will henceforward be enclosed in double quotes when feasible. -- .. Chuck Rhode, Sheboygan, WI, USA .. Weather: http://LacusVeris.com/WX .. 30° — Wind WSW 10 mph — Sky overcast. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: wxpython worked out but can't find api docs for download.
krishnakant Mane wrote: hello all. finally I got the accessibility issue out from wxpython. actually almost got it out, but that's another story. now my problem is that I can't gind a downloadable version of wxpython api reference for the latest version or the latest api reference at least. I found the on-line version so please don't provide the same link. when I opened it on line, it took about 8 minuts to get the wx package come up on screen with over 600 links. I need to have some off line reference for the wxpython api. I have enough documentation to get started but I don't have the extencive api references for events and other methods, properties and attributes. can some one point me to a .zip or .tar.gz version of the api docs for wxpython? thanking all. Krishnakant. http://www.wxpython.org/download.php -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: global name 'self' is not defined
In answer to the 2 replies, I had no references anywhere to 'self'. In order to post my code I rewrote 2 scripts containing just the relevant parts of the problem; these work. However, they are identical to my original code. So I have deleted the 'old' script2 and renamed the new one, and no problem. I don't know why it worked with one and not the other when they are identical, but I have what I want now. Thanks for your replies. -Evan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: detecting that a SQL db is running
On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 07:39:51 GMT, Dennis Lee Bieber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 09:02:43 +1300, bill ramsay [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: Dennis none of this matters, all i am trying to find out is whether or not the local MSDE is actually running. From my reading of your system, you have multiple local MSDE server processes distributed about, and something on those distributed systems that causes the initial problem... So I've never been clear of just where any given application/server process actual resides... However, all the tests I've been able to perform on my desktop indicate that /I/ get time-outs or failure to connect messages within 15 seconds of a connection request when the server process is running. I don't get unending lock-ups... dennis it doesn't matter what is causing the lockups, it's a problem with a supposedly professionally written application package that I have no control over. I am just at this moment trying to deal with the consequences. I think that I haave found a way to deal with the issue that I have. Kind regards Bill -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
krishnakant Mane wrote: hello all, I seam to have noticed this a bit late but it appears to me that tkinter is being used very widely for gui development on all platform? is that right? since fredric lundh has written a very good introduction to tkinter (was that just an intro?), I have got keen interest to know the following. may be fredric himself might put some light on these points. 1. I seriously don't intend to start a flame war but does tkinter stand up to the standards of heavy gui development? can I have an entire mdi application working fine with tkinter? I know wxpython can do it and I have heard enough about pyqt, but tkinter seams to be very rich in gui objects. 2. as usual I always look out for accessibility when it comes to gui design. will tkinter be useful for blind people? I mean, are gui apps in tkinter accessible on windows? 3. I don't know if I need any thing else as dependencies on my windows machine. I am using python24 and I did not find any thing about installation in the introduction to tkinter. can some one give me the process of installing tkinter and all necessary things? 4. is tkinter absolutely compatible with windows gui? does it call on native api for native look and feel? in that case I think accessibility issue is automatically solved. I am looking out gui library for some serious application development. one is an erp system and the other is a customer relation management system. so I am confused between wxpython pyqt and now tkinter. out of the 3 I only found qt talking extencively about accessibility, but did not find a way to install qt in the first place. I could not compile qt nor did I find any run-time dlls for mingw so that I can use it out of the box. wxpython is the poorest in documentation and tkinter seams to be best at that. please give me some advice. thanking all. Krishnakant. Tkinter is fine under *nix and Windows for a large range of applications. I think it has drawbacks and advantage compared to other toolkits. The major advantage being bundled with python, and the drawbacks include (I think) ... look and feel, printing support, imaging, documentation. Then there are two schools: PyQT and wxPython - both very easy to learn and production libraries ... I never know whether PyQT is commercial or not under windows (trollteck changed their QT license I think). I strongly suggest looking at wxPython - and start with their demo package which runs also under *nix and windows. hg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
problem occurs with replaced values using fileinput
Hi All,
I am able to use urlib2 through proxy. I give proxy credentials and use
# Set the Proxy Address
proxy_ip = 10.0.1.1:80
proxy_user = 'senthil_or'
proxy_password_orig='password'
proxy_password = urllib.quote(proxy_password_orig,)
# Setup the Proxy with urllib2
proxy_url = 'http://' + proxy_user + ':' + proxy_password + '@' +
PROXY_IP
#proxy_url = urllib.quote(proxy_url_add)
proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({http:proxy_url})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support,urllib2.HTTPHandler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
--
Now, I have decided in my program, I shall give a Configfile.txt to
users who can enter the proxy details and I shall substitute the
details in the script;
#FILE: Configfile.txt
# Provide the Proxy Details
PROXY_IP: 10.0.1.1
PROXY_PORT: 80
PROXY_USER: senthil_or
PROXY_PASSWORD: password
#Config Parsing function.
def configParsed():
Parse the Configfile.txt
configparser = ConfigParser()
configparser.read('ConfigFile.txt')
settings = {}
settings['PROXY_IP'] = configparser.get('PROXY','PROXY_IP')
settings['PROXY_PORT'] =
configparser.get('PROXY','PROXY_PORT').strip()
settings['PROXY_USER'] = configparser.get('PROXY','PROXY_USER')
settings['PROXY_PASSWORD'] =
configparser.get('PROXY','PROXY_PASSWORD')
return settings
Now, in my script I do a replacement of values in the script:
FILE BEFORE Replacement:
# Set the Proxy Address
proxy_ip = PROXY_IP:PROXY_PORT
proxy_user = 'PROXY_USER'
proxy_password_orig='PROXY_PASSWORD'
proxy_password = urllib.quote(proxy_password_orig,)
# Setup the Proxy with urllib2
proxy_url = 'http://' + proxy_user + ':' + proxy_password + '@' +
proxy_ip
#proxy_url = urllib.quote(proxy_url_add)
proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({http:proxy_url})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support,urllib2.HTTPHandler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
# Replacing Functions:
def replaceProxy(settings):
'''Replace the Proxy Credential values'''
for k,v in settings.items():
for line in fileinput.input('src' + os.sep+'file.py',inplace=1):
print line.replace(k,v),
return
The problem, I am facing is, when I use a script to replace certain
variables with config file based values, the urllib2 is failing!! It is
not able to get the correct credentials to open the proxy!
I debuged and derived at the conclusion at there is something wrong
with replaceProxy(settings) function I am using:
1) Either with for k,v in settings.items()
2) OR with fileinput.input and print line.replace(k,v),
The output file with replaced values looks perfectly fine to human
eyes! I dont know what is happening with automatic replacement of
values which is failing my program.
Has anyone faced this kind of scenario before?
Need your help in solving this.
Thanks,
Senthil
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Re: converting dict to object
Neil Cerutti wrote:
On 2006-12-02, Michel Claveau [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi!
Yes.
But...
Try:d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'def': 123}
Ok, I go out...
How to convert a list of strings into a list of integers:
a = ['82', '4', '16']
ai = [int(i) for i in a]
Yes.
But...
Try: a = ['82', '4', '16', 'foo']
Ok, I go out...
Michel was making (part of) a valid point: dictionaries have more
flexibility in choice of keys than objects have in attribute names.
More completely:
Suppose d.keys() produces [one, def, foo bar, 3, 3]
o.one is OK.
o.def is not OK [def is a keyword] but getattr(o, def) still works.
o.foo bar is not OK [foo bar is not a valid identifier] but
getattr(o, foo bar) still works.
o.3 is not OK [3 is not a valid identifier] but getattr(o, 3) still
works.
getattr(o, 3) doesn't work [3 is not a string]; you would have to do
o.__dict__[3] to access the value -- no advantage over keeping it in a
dict.
The OP might consider adding code to the __init__ method to check for
cases where the dictionary key is not a string containing a valid
Python identifier (not a keyword).
Note: I have done a reasonable number of exercises that involved taking
a database table definition or a flat file record definition or the
headings in an XLS worksheet or CSV file and ending up with names for
attributes of Python objects. Various heuristics are necessary of
course to get valid identifers without duplicates, but I've never been
bitten by the keyword problem. I'll have to confess that I wasn't aware
of the problem until the 3rd reading of Michel's message :-)
Any experiences of keyword-bite?
Observation: the keyword module's iskeyword() function gives an easy
check. If one is supporting multiple versions of Python, a more
complicated (overkill?) approach might be desirable: use the latest
version of Python to generate a source file containing the latest
keywords from keyword.kwlist.
Cheers,
John
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Re: rdf, xmp
Andy Dingley a écrit : Imbaud Pierre wrote: I have to add access to some XMP data to an existing python application. XMP is built on RDF, RDF is built on XML. RDF is _NOT_ built on top of XML. Thinking that it is causes a lot of trouble in the architecture of big RDF projects. RDF is a data model, not a serialisation. The data model is also a graph (more than XML can cope with) and can span multiple documents. It's only RDF/XML that's the serialisation of RDF into XML and good architectures start from thinking about the RDF data model, not this RDF/XML serialisation. Granted, I oversimplified, my statement was misleading. I tried to help unknowledgeable reader understand what it was about. As to RDF handling, then the usual toolset is Jena (in Java) and Redland has a Python binding although Redland is fairly aged now. I'm unfamiliar with XMP and won't have a chance to look at it until Monday. However if XMP is strongly XML like despite claiming to be RDF, then you might find that handling a pure XMP problem is quite easily done with XML tools. This was my wild guess: the data model I deal with (XMP data, I mean) is hardly more than a bunch of key-value pairs - with control for vocabulary, and some typing. Famously RDF/XML is unprocessable with XSLT if it's sophisticated, but quite easy if it's restricted to only a simple XML-like RDF model. XMP could well be similar. Still unclear. Thanks for your help! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
John Machin wrote: Any experiences of keyword-bite? creating or manipulating CSS-styled (X)HTML using an XML binding that exposes XML attributes as Python attributes. (this could be viewed as an unnecessary restriction in the Python parser; it wouldn't be too hard to allow reserved words for keyword argument names and for attribute access; iirc, Jython already does this, and Paul Svensson posted a patch for CPython a couple of years ago. PEP-time, anyone?) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: global name 'self' is not defined
Evan wrote: In answer to the 2 replies, I had no references anywhere to 'self'. In order to post my code I rewrote 2 scripts containing just the relevant parts of the problem; these work. However, they are identical to my original code. This is (putting it mildly) somewhat difficult to believe. If true, it would indicate a rather severe bug in Python. Identical as determined how? When you ran your original code and it gave an error, Python would have told you where the error occurred, on which line of which file, as in the following example: C:\junkcopy con noself.py def foo(): return self ^Z 1 file(s) copied. C:\junk\python25\python Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Sep 19 2006, 09:52:17) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win 32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. | import noself | noself.foo() Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module File noself.py, line 2, in foo === location of error-causing line return self === contents of error-causing line NameError: global name 'self' is not defined And you could have told us that information. No, should. Adding to what others have already said: When asking a question about an error message: (a) Provide code (abbreviated if necessary) that causes the error. Don't retype it; copy/paste the code that you actually ran. (b) Show the full traceback and error message. Again, use copy/paste. So I have deleted the 'old' script2 and renamed the new one, and no problem. I don't know why it worked with one and not the other when they are identical, but I have what I want now. No problem? Sorry, it just transformed itself. Here is a precise definition of the transformed problem: I don't know why it worked with one and not the other. And what you want now doesn't include enlightenment? Thrashing madly at problems with a sledgehammer may sometimes (but not always) make them appear to go away faster than a methodical problem-solving approach would take, but it's rather a short-tem gain. HTH, John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python, PostgreSQL, What next?
I need to thank you all for your suggestions and recommendations. I am ultimately aiming to work in Python, PostgreSQL and Django and this link http://www.sqlalchemy.org/news.myt#item_3 sort of made my day :) I really appreciate all of your feedback and will go through Fredrik's links as soon as I get the chance. I thank you all again, I appreciate it very much! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
** Listen to Professor FETZER, JONES, JUDY WOOD, whose student was murdered by ACTUAL 911 CRIMINALS
LISTEN AND LEARN TO THINK CRITICALLY http://mp3.rbnlive.com/Fetzer06.html http://janedoe0911.tripod.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python vs java eclipse
Hi, Here's a blog post that is relevant to this discussion: http://sixthandredriver.typepad.com/river_of_code/2006/01/automated_refac.html Amir -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: evaluating gui modules, any experience on tkinter?
hg wrote: Tkinter is fine under *nix and Windows for a large range of applications. I think it has drawbacks and advantage compared to other toolkits. The major advantage being bundled with python, and the drawbacks include (I think) ... look and feel, printing support, imaging, documentation. agreed Then there are two schools: PyQT and wxPython - you completely forgot pygtk. or you didn't want to mention it :) both very easy to learn I think that pygtk is the easiest ciao -- Gian Mario Tagliaretti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Anyone understand this syntax error?
Anyone understand this?
Python 2.4.4c1 (#2, Oct 11 2006, 21:51:02)
[GCC 4.1.2 20060928 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.1-13ubuntu5)] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
def markdown_perl(input):
... Send 'input' (string) to the markdown perl script, and return
the
...output from markdown (string).
...
...input: a string of markdown-formatted text, including \n's at
the end
... of lines, that will be sent to the markdown process.
...
...returns: a string of valid XHTML from markdown
...
... import tempfile
... import commands
... file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
... file.write(input)
... file.flush()
... return commands.getoutput('./markdown.pl '+file.name)
File stdin, line 15
return commands.getoutput('./markdown.pl '+file.name)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
I don't get it. Syntax seems fine to me, just a normal string
concatenation.
--
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Re: Joining data from three different files to be written into three Columns
On 11/29/06, Dawn Abbott [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I have three files of binary data. I want to write the three binary data
files to one file. I want the old files to each have their own column in
the new file. This is what I have,
f=open('relative_x.INT32','rb')
a=array('l')
a.fromfile(f,10)
g=open('relative_y.INT32','rb')
b=array('l')
b.fromfile(g,10)
data=zip(a,b)
for datum in data:
...print ' '.join(datum)
...
the error I get is expected string, found int
I figure that the joint is for strings only does anyone know of a way were
I could join the data that would be for ints.
Thanks
Dawn
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Re: Anyone understand this syntax error?
Sean Hammond wrote:
Anyone understand this?
Python 2.4.4c1 (#2, Oct 11 2006, 21:51:02)
[GCC 4.1.2 20060928 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.1-13ubuntu5)] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
def markdown_perl(input):
... Send 'input' (string) to the markdown perl script, and return
the
...output from markdown (string).
...
...input: a string of markdown-formatted text, including \n's at
the end
... of lines, that will be sent to the markdown process.
...
...returns: a string of valid XHTML from markdown
...
... import tempfile
... import commands
... file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
... file.write(input)
... file.flush()
... return commands.getoutput('./markdown.pl '+file.name)
File stdin, line 15
return commands.getoutput('./markdown.pl '+file.name)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
I don't get it. Syntax seems fine to me, just a normal string
concatenation.
Superficially there is nothing wrong with it. After saving that to a
file and doing the editing necessary to change it from a screen dump to
a script, it loads OK on windows with Python 2.4.3 and 2.5.
It is probably not complaining about the string concatenation. The
caret is positioned at the start of the statement; this would indicate
that the problem is on an earlier line. There was a while back a
strange error that only manifested itself in very large source files
(e.g. those generated by the pywin32 package's makepy routine) and
could be cured by adding trailing spaces to the line before the
allegedly offending line. However that seems to have gone away.
My guess is that the problem is something to do with tabs/spaces or you
have some other invisible character at the start of the return
statement. As the text has been through two mail or news clients, the
problem may have been munged away and I'm not seeing it.
Two sugggestions:
(1) at an interactive prompt:
print repr(open(yourfile.py).readlines())
and eyeball the last few lines for monkey business.
(2) e-mail somebody (like me) a zipped (i.e. e-mail-munging-proof) copy
of your file.
Two other comments on your code:
(1) It's not wise to use file as a variable name; it shadows the
built-in file(). Not a problem in this code but it's a bad habit that
could bite you later.
(2) Any good reason for flushing the file instead of closing it?
HTH,
John
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Re: Possible to assure no cyclic/uncollectible memory leaks?
Joe Peterson wrote: I've been doing a lot of searching on the topic of one of Python's more disturbing issues (at least to me): the fact that if a __del__ finalizer is defined and a cyclic (circular) reference is made, the garbage collector cannot clean it up. It is a somewhat fundamental limitation of GCs, if you want to support: 1. __del__ that can resurrect objects and is deterministically called when objects are destroyed 2. the view of alive objects by __del__ methods is consistent 3. no crashing If there is a cycle of objects containing __del__ methods, there is clearly no way of knowing a safe order of invoking them. First of all, it seems that it's best to avoid using __del__. So far, I have never used it in my Python programming. So I am safe there. Or am I? Also, to my knowledge, I have never created a cyclic reference, but we do not typically create bugs intentionally either (and there are certainly times when it is an OK thing to do). It is good practice to avoid __del__ unless there is a compelling reason to do so. weakref resource management is much safer. Note that it is pretty much impossible to avoid creating reference cycles--they have a tendency to sneak into unsuspecting places (for instance, bound methods can be a subtle source of cycles). Still, it's not comforting to know that it is possible to create a situation that would create a memory leak using a language that is supposed to relieve us of that worry. I understand the problem, but it would be nice to know that as a programmer, I could be assured that Python would always deal with memory management and that memory leaks were not something I had to think about. It is unrealistic to ever be completely relieved of such worry, since it is always possible to accidently hold on to a strong reference to data that should actually be garbage. But your question is perhaps precluding these kinds of memory leak. In that case, it is a matter of providing to the programmer sufficiently-fine-grained abstractions such that the compiler can reason about their safety. For instance, an included weakref-based resource cleanup scheme has been discussed and would cover many of the current uses of __del__. It would also be nice to remove some of the hidden gotchas that are inherent in CPython, like the integer and float object freelist (not necessarily removing those features, but providing some mechanism for reclaiming them when they get out of hand). These things can reduce the possibility of a problem, but (IMO) can never completely obviate it. So here's a question: if I write Python software and never use __del__, can I guarantee that there is no way to create a memory leak? What about system libraries - do any of them use __del__, and if so, are they written in such a way that it is not possible to create a cyclic reference? It is always possible to create a cyclic reference by monkeypatching a class. Here are the stdlib modules which use __del__: $ find -name \*.py | xargs grep __del__ | grep -v test ./Mac/Demo/sound/morselib.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/telnetlib.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/plat-mac/EasyDialogs.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/plat-mac/FrameWork.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/plat-mac/MiniAEFrame.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/plat-mac/Audio_mac.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/plat-mac/videoreader.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/fileinput.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/subprocess.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/gzip.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/wave.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/wave.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/popen2.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/lib-tk/Tkdnd.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/lib-tk/tkFont.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/urllib.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/tempfile.py:# __del__ is called. ./Lib/tempfile.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/tarfile.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/socket.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/zipfile.py:fp = None # Set here since __del__ checks it ./Lib/zipfile.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/httplib.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/bsddb/dbshelve.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/bsddb/dbshelve.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/bsddb/__init__.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/bsddb/dbtables.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/idlelib/MultiCall.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/idlelib/MultiCall.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/idlelib/MultiCall.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/sunau.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/sunau.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/poplib.py:#__del__ = quit ./Lib/_threading_local.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/aifc.py:def __del__(self): ./Lib/dumbdbm.py:# gets called. One place _commit() gets called is from __del__(), ./Lib/dumbdbm.py:# be called from __del__(). Therefore we must never reference a ./Lib/dumbdbm.py:__del__ = close ./Lib/wsgiref/validate.py:def
Re: global name 'self' is not defined
Evan wrote: So I have deleted the 'old' script2 and renamed the new one, and no problem. Pity. Next time try using diff (or something similar). Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #115: your keyboard's space bar is generating spurious keycodes. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 12:16:24 -0800, John Machin wrote:
The OP might consider adding code to the __init__ method to check for
cases where the dictionary key is not a string containing a valid
Python identifier (not a keyword).
If the OP is doing something like this:
attributes = {length: 15, id: 2345}
# attribute names are known at compile time, created by the coder
obj.__dict__.update(attributes)
print obj.length
print obj.id
then checking that length and id are valid identifiers is hardly
necessary, any more than this would be:
class Spam:
def __init__(self, length, id):
check_valid_indentifier(length)
self.length = length
check_valid_indentifier(id)
self.id = id
But if he's doing something like this:
attributes = fetch_user_dict()
# attribute names aren't known until runtime
obj.__dict__.update(attributes)
for key in attributes:
print getattr(obj, key)
then it is also redundant to check for valid identifiers, since getattr()
doesn't need them. However, one might still need to test for accidental
clashes with pre-existing object attributes.
On the third hand, if that's the case then there seems to be no real
advantage to converting the dict into object attributes. Why not just
delegate to a saved copy of the dict?
class Spam:
def __init__(self, d):
self._d = d
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self._d[key]
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
self._d[key] = value
s = Spam({a: 1, something else: 2})
s[a]
s[something else]
--
Steven.
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Re: converting dict to object
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 12:16:24 -0800, John Machin wrote: The OP might consider adding code to the __init__ method to check for cases where the dictionary key is not a string containing a valid Python identifier (not a keyword). [snip] But if he's doing something like this: attributes = fetch_user_dict() # attribute names aren't known until runtime obj.__dict__.update(attributes) for key in attributes: print getattr(obj, key) then it is also redundant to check for valid identifiers, since getattr() doesn't need them. but getattr() needs strings. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 17:00:15 -0800, John Machin wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 12:16:24 -0800, John Machin wrote: The OP might consider adding code to the __init__ method to check for cases where the dictionary key is not a string containing a valid Python identifier (not a keyword). [snip] But if he's doing something like this: attributes = fetch_user_dict() # attribute names aren't known until runtime obj.__dict__.update(attributes) for key in attributes: print getattr(obj, key) then it is also redundant to check for valid identifiers, since getattr() doesn't need them. but getattr() needs strings. Well, that's true, but if the dict is being read from a file or with raw_input, the keys will naturally be strings. But even if it is some arbitrary dict, the keys still don't need to be checked for valid identifiers, merely checked for strings. And again, keeping the keys/values in a dict instead of converting to object attributes naturally solves that problem -- or rather, it isn't a problem that needs to be solved. Either way, I see no advantage to taking an arbitrary dict and converting it into object attributes. It sounds to me like when the only tool you have is Java, everything looks like an object attribute coding :-) I'd suggest that the right answer to the OP's original question How do I convert a dict to object attributes? is Don't do that, regardless that it is technically possible. Maybe I'm wrong and there are lots of really handy uses for such a tactic. Can anyone suggest any? -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
On 2006-12-02, John Machin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Neil Cerutti wrote:
On 2006-12-02, Michel Claveau [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi!
Yes.
But...
Try:d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'def': 123}
Ok, I go out...
How to convert a list of strings into a list of integers:
a = ['82', '4', '16']
ai = [int(i) for i in a]
Yes.
But...
Try: a = ['82', '4', '16', 'foo']
Ok, I go out...
Michel was making (part of) a valid point: dictionaries have
more flexibility in choice of keys than objects have in
attribute names. More completely:
Suppose d.keys() produces [one, def, foo bar, 3, 3]
o.one is OK.
I made the assumption that Michael was also the original poster,
and had somehow laid a clever trap. If I was wrong about that, my
apologies. It's one thing to ask how to convert 'a' and 'b' to
attributes, but quite another to convert arbitrary text.
The OP might consider adding code to the __init__ method to
check for cases where the dictionary key is not a string
containing a valid Python identifier (not a keyword).
That raises the interesting question of what to do in that case.
Just letting an error occur might be perfectly good behavior.
Plus, I didn't know about...
Observation: the keyword module's iskeyword() function gives an
easy check. If one is supporting multiple versions of Python, a
more complicated (overkill?) approach might be desirable: use
the latest version of Python to generate a source file
containing the latest keywords from keyword.kwlist.
Thanks for the pointer to keyword module. I hadn't noticed it
yet.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
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Re: text adventure question
On 2006-12-02, Ara Kooser [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am working on a text adventure game for python to get back into python programming. My version 0.1 used only functions so I could get familiar with how those work. I want to move beyond that. I am not sure what would be a good Python way of handling this. I was wondering if classes would help? What things should be included in the main program? The language used by the Infocom implementors was called ZIL, and it so happens that the ZIL manual is available for download. It was sort of a wimpy version of Lisp. http://www.mv.com/ipusers/xlisper/zil.pdf Anyway, the ZIL manual explains how Infocom's library for text adventures worked. That should be inspirational for your design. It's also an entertaining historical artifact, if the history of computer games is your thing. Here's an amusing sampling: EXERCISE THREE Design and implement a full-size game. Submit it to testing, fix all resulting bugs, help marketing design a package, ship the game, and sell at lest 250,000 units. -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting dict to object
Neil Cerutti wrote: Thanks for the pointer to keyword module. I hadn't noticed it yet. Bonus: you got an extremely fresh, scarcely used pointer -- I wasn't aware of it myself till today :-) Cheers, John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: text adventure question
On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 10:22:28 -0700, Ara Kooser wrote:
I am working on a text adventure game for python to get back into
python programming. My version 0.1 used only functions so I could get
familiar with how those work. I want to move beyond that. I am not
sure what would be a good Python way of handling this. I was
wondering if classes would help? What things should be included in the
main program?
Think about nouns and verbs. Verbs, doing words, are functions and
methods. Nouns, things, are classes and objects. You should model nouns
in your game with classes and objects, and verbs (actions) with functions
and methods.
Here is a simple example: a room. A room is a thing. So we might define a
room like this:
class Room:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
Now we create a new room, and fill it:
bedroom = Room(King's Bedroom)
bedroom.description = You are in a fancy bedroom.
self.contents.append(crown)
Now we create a function for looking around:
def look(here):
Look around the place you are in
print here.description
And when you are in the King's bedroom, you (the programmer) would call
the look function like this:
look(bedroom)
But look above: I said that the King's bedroom contains a crown, using
only a built-in object (str). Maybe that's all you need. Or perhaps you
need something more fancy:
class Object:
# note: not object, lower case, as that is a built-in type
def __init__(self, name, value, description):
self.name = name
self.value = value
self.description = description
crown = Object(King's crown, 15000, a gold crown with many jewels)
scepter = Object(King's scepter, 1, a silver scepter)
vorpel_sword = Object(vorpel sword, 200, a strange looking sword)
bedpan = Object(bedpan, 3, a smelly metal bowl)
Now you can write a function to look at any object:
def look_at(something):
print something.description
and it will work for both objects and rooms.
Let's put some more things in the King's bedroom:
bedroom.contents.extend([crown, bedpan, vorpel_sword, scepter])
Rooms also need doors:
bedroom.north = wall
bedroom.south = wall
bedroom.west = wall
bedroom.east = Room(corridor) # a corridor is just a long, empty room
Perhaps that's not the best way to do it, because now the King's bedroom
has an exit into the corridor, but the corridor has no exit into the
bedroom! Perhaps you need to think about a better way to map the world.
But for now, we can make a really simple fix for that:
corridor = bedroom.east
corridor.west = bedroom
corridor.north = wall
corridor.south = wall
corridor.east = Room('kitchen')
Hmmm... we're doing a lot of unnecessary typing here. Better to create
rooms with four walls already! Go back and change the definition of a room:
class Room:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.north = wall
self.south = wall
self.east = wall
self.west = wall
and now you only need to change the directions that AREN'T walls.
Now you have defined the rooms and objects in your text adventure. You
should do something similar for monsters, and any other thing in the game.
Then create functions for verbs:
def fight(what):
if type(what) == Room:
print Mindlessly attacking the room doesn't \
accomplish anything except bruising your fists.
elif type(what) == Object:
print My, you have a bad temper. You pummel the object. \
It doesn't notice.
elif type(what) == Monster:
fight_monster() # you have to write this function
elif type(what) == Royalty:
print You try to punch the King. His bodyguards leap \
out from the shadows and kick the bejeebus out of you, \
then drag you into the deepest dungeon. You have a long, \
long LONG time to consider what you did wrong as the rats \
nibble at your toes.
end_game()
else:
print You don't know how to fight, what
def say(words, what):
Say words to what.
if poot in words:
print Do you kiss your mommy with that potty-mouth?
if type(what) == Room:
print The room doesn't answer.
elif type(what) == Monster:
print The monster doesn't understand English.
# and you can write the rest
One suggested improvement: if you find yourself writing lots of code like
the above, testing if type(what) == Room etc., there is a better way of
doing it. Move that block of code into a method of Room:
class Room:
# def __init__ stays the same as before
def hears(words):
The player says words to the Room, and the Room responds.
print The room doesn't answer.
and then your function becomes much simpler:
def say(words, what):
Say words to what.
if poot in words:
print Do you kiss your mommy with that potty-mouth?
else:
# the player talks, so what hears and responds.
what.hears(words)
There is more that you can do
RE: python vs java eclipse
If you're in the PyDev perspective, F9 runs the current script while ctrl-F11 reruns the last script run. I have found that certain types of operations just plain don't work this way and must be run from a conventional shell window. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of krishnakant Mane Sent: Friday, December 01, 2006 6:19 AM To: python-list@python.org Subject: Re: python vs java eclipse just used the py dev plugin for eclipse. it is great. auto indentation and intellisence. and all other things. so now how does it look from this end? python + productivity and eclipse + productivity = double productivity! only problem with the plugin is that I find it difficult to manage the script running. I open a command prompt and run the scripts manually. any suggestion for this. for example I had name = raw_input(please enter your name) and the moment I type the first letter on the keyboard the code execution moves over to the next statement. should it not wait for the return key as it always does? Krishnakant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: text adventure question
When I was playing around with adventure games using oop (in c++)
I had all charecters defined as a type, no need to seperate non-player
charecters with user defined charecters. Makes it easier to create a
party of charecters or monsters. I left it up to the logic of the
program to define behavior after it was loaded in.
http://www.stormpages.com/edexter/csound.html
Ara Kooser wrote:
I am working on a text adventure game for python to get back into
python programming. My version 0.1 used only functions so I could get
familiar with how those work. I want to move beyond that. I am not
sure what would be a good Python way of handling this. I was
wondering if classes would help? What things should be included in the
main program?
A couple of my goals are:
1) Remove the rooms (or areas) from the main program and have them
called in as needed.
2) Remove NPC's and monsters from the main program and have them
called in as needed.
3) A way of keeping track of time passing in the game
4) Having the main character info stored somewhere else.
Below is pasted a section of my code. Each room is a function that is
later called. I included only one room to keep this short. Thanks you
for suggestions and your time.
Code:
#A sample text adventure game
#Version 0.1
#By Ara Kooser
import random
import sys
import string
#Using global variables for the character
#Want to use a function instead
stre = 9
con = 8
inte = 11
agl = 14
app = 10
mag = 6
sz = 9
hp = 17
reputation = 0
stealth = False
quest1 = False
quest2 = False
cruse = False
poison = False
diseased = False
ducats = 50
lira = 25
florin = 80
equipment = {'Sword': 1, 'Dagger': 1, 'Walking staff': 1, 'Leather Armor':1}
backpack = {'Flint and steel': 1, 'Rations': 7, 'dressing kit': 6,
'waterskin': 2}
belt_pouch = {}
#
day = False
### Global variables for items ###
#grass blades in meadow_1
getGrass_m1 = 0
#mushroom in edge_forest1
getMushroom_ef1 = 0
#orc in forest2
aliveOrc = 0
#
# help function that will give you a list of commands
def help():
print look, examine (object), n, w, e, s, take (item)
print climb, stealth, fishing, herbalism, forage, haggle
print field dressing
print wield (object), attack, flee, close, withdraw, maintain
print backpack, belt pouch, cs
print Example: examine book, take ducats, attack orc
def character_sheet():
print \
Name: Profession:
Social Class: Race:
Strength
Constitution
Intelligence
Agility
Appearance
Magic
Size
Ducats: Lira: Florin:
Skills: Forage, Haggle, Stealth, Fishing, Herbalism, Climb, Sword, Staff,
Dagger, Field Dressing
Equipment: Backpack, Belt Pouch, Run of the Mill Sword, Dagger, FlintSteel
1 week food, 2 waterskins, walking stick, dressing kit
def start():
print '''
SAMPLE TEXT ADVENTURE V0.1
You are the last person to leave the small village of Hommlet. The wooden
gate closes behind you and twilight reaches across the land. A dense mist
creeps up out of the ground, only to be kept at bay by the watchmens torches.
Somewhere deep in the woods lies the foul orcs you have tracked for several
days.
'''
print
def outside1():
global hp
global reputation
print Current Hit Points = ,hp
print Current Reputation = ,reputation
print ''' You are outside the town gates. The dirt road heads
(N)orth to another
town several days away. The forest lies (E)ast and (W)est through the
meadows. The
rumors you heard in town describe the orcs as being to the west. The town's
gate
is to the (S)outh but it is locked for the night.
Type 'help' for a full list of commands.'''
print
prompt_out1()
def out1_desc():
print '''The fog is growing denser as the sun sets on the meadows.
The exits are (N)orth, (E)ast and (W)est.'''
print
prompt_out1()
def prompt_out1():
global day
prompt_o1 = raw_input(Type a command: ).lower()
try:
if prompt_o1 == help:
help()
print
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == cs:
character_sheet()
print
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == status:
print Current Hit Points = ,hp
print Current Reputation = ,reputation
prompt_out1()
elif prompt_o1 == backpack:
print backpack
Non-exhaustive file reads
I just got shocked to find out the hard way that the read() method on Python's file objects will, very much unlike the C read() function, read until the given size is reached, which is quite a problem for me when selecting a couple of pipes and wanting to just read the available data from them. The only hint I can find for avoiding this behavior is from file.read.__doc__, which says that it doesn't do that in non-blocking mode, but nowhere can I find any information about how to enable non-blocking mode in Python. Can anyone provide me with any information on how to accomplish this? Regards, Fredrik Tolf -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Non-exhaustive file reads
Fredrik Tolf [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: mode, but nowhere can I find any information about how to enable non-blocking mode in Python. Can anyone provide me with any information on how to accomplish this? In Linux you'd use fcntl. Some other discussion can be found on the web: http://www.google.com/search?q=python+non-blocking+mode -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Parsing data from pyserial
I'm trying to get data through my serial port from a CMUcam.
This gizmo tracks a color and returns a packet of data. The
packet has nine data points (well, really eight since the first
point is just a packet header) separated by spaces as follows: M
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Here is the code I am using (python v24):
import serial
ser=serial.Serial('com1',baudrate=115200, bytesize=8,
parity='N', stopbits=1,xonxoff=0, timeout=1)
ser.write(PM 1) #This sets the CMUcam to poll mode
for i in range(0,100,1):
ser.write(TC 016 240 100 240 016 240\r\n)
reading = ser.read(40)
print reading
components = reading.split()
print components
ser.close
Here is an example output:
M 37 79 3 4 59 124 86 25
['59', '123', '87', '25', 'M', '37', '79', '3', '4', '59',
'124', '86', '25', 'M
']
M 38 77 3 2 59 124 86 25
['39', '85', '26', 'M', '38', '77', '3', '2', '59', '124', '86',
'25', 'M', '38'
, '7']
My problem is that I am trying to get each data point of the
packet into a separate variable. Ordinarily, this would be easy,
as I would just parse the packet, read the array and assign each
element to a variable eg. mx = components[1]. However, that
doesn't work here because the original packet and the array that
I got from using the split() method are different. If I were to
try read the array created in the first example output, mx would
be 123 instead of 37 like it is in the packet. In the second
example, the array is 85 while the packet is 38.
As near as I can figure out, pyserial is reading a stream of
data and helpfully rearranging it so that it fits the original
packet format M xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx. I would have
thought the split() method that I used on original packet (ie
the reading variable) would have just returned an array with
nine elements like the packet has. This is not the case, and I
am at a loss about how to fix this.
I've searched the archive here and elsewhere with no luck. Any
help REALLY appreciated!
Wolf :)
Get your own 800 number
Voicemail, fax, email, and a lot more
http://www.ureach.com/reg/tag
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Re: Non-exhaustive file reads
On Sat, 2006-12-02 at 20:00 -0800, Paul Rubin wrote: Fredrik Tolf [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: mode, but nowhere can I find any information about how to enable non-blocking mode in Python. Can anyone provide me with any information on how to accomplish this? In Linux you'd use fcntl. Some other discussion can be found on the web: I was looking for os.fcntl() without finding it, but now that you reassured me, I found the fcntl module instead. However, I also found os.read() in the process, which might be a better alternative (since I can just use it normally like in C without setting extra fd flags or anything). Thanks! Fredrik Tolf -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
python + database book
new to python. i work with db heavily. any good book for python + database? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: About alternatives to Matlab
Carl Banks wrote: No, they're never redefined (even in the recursive version). Slices of them are reassigned. That's a big difference. I see. (Actually, it does create a temporary array to store the intermediate result, but that array does not get bound to odd.) Sure. In particular, I think you are eagerly allocating arrays when, in a functional language, you could just as easily compose closures. You are completely wrong. I'll give an example. If you write the Python: a[:] = b[:] + c[:] + d[:] I think that is equivalent to the ML: fill a (map2 ( + ) (map2 ( + ) b c) d) which can be deforested in ML to avoid the creation of the intermediate result b[:] + c[:] by using a closure to add three values at once: fill a (map3 (fun b c d - b + c + d) b c d) which will be much faster because it doesn't generate an intermediate array. This data sharing more or less accomplishes the same thing that the closures you speak of accomplish (in this case), only without the functional. The closure avoided the intermediate result. You said that the Python isn't doing that? It's not correct, but what you left out is probably low cost. OCaml is compiled to machine code, right? Yes. And types can be inferred at compile time, correct? Types are completely inferred at compile time. Well then of course it's faster. Yes. So this doesn't seem to be a killer example of numpy, although I am still amazed that it can outperform Matlab. It seems to me a big help is the ability to fold multiple array operations into a single loop, which is optimization a dynamically-typed language like Python can't easily make. (It'd require are really smart JIT compiler or some concessions in dynamicity.) Writing a JIT to compile this kind of stuff is easy. My point is that this is fundamentally bad code, so why bother trying to write a Python JIT? Why not just write in a better language for this task? Optimising within a fundamentally slow language seems silly to me. -- Dr Jon D Harrop, Flying Frog Consultancy Objective CAML for Scientists http://www.ffconsultancy.com/products/ocaml_for_scientists -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: v2.3, 2.4, and 2.5's GUI is slow for me
g4rlik [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: No one can help? This is seriously bugging me to no end. You waited 2 hours before posting this reply. Please note that Usenet is NOT a real-time medium. It can take half a day or more before your posting makes it to all the news servers around the world, and much longer before people actually download the message to their local reader, then an equal amount of time for replies to get back to you. -- Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Providenza Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: text adventure question
On Sat, 02 Dec 2006 22:19:53 +, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: Suggest you try to go back and reread some of the responses to such a subject from whenever (Unfortunately, I suspect my responses are no longer available as I run with x-noarchive active). That seems horribly anti-social, not to mention counter-productive. What's the point of writing to the newsgroup if your response won't be around by the time they go to read it? After all, what's the point of treating a newsgroup like comp.lang.python as a chat group? -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Parsing data from pyserial
Lone Wolf wrote:
I'm trying to get data through my serial port from a CMUcam.
This gizmo tracks a color and returns a packet of data. The
packet has nine data points (well, really eight since the first
point is just a packet header) separated by spaces as follows: M
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Here is the code I am using (python v24):
import serial
ser=serial.Serial('com1',baudrate=115200, bytesize=8,
parity='N', stopbits=1,xonxoff=0, timeout=1)
ser.write(PM 1) #This sets the CMUcam to poll mode
for i in range(0,100,1):
ser.write(TC 016 240 100 240 016 240\r\n)
reading = ser.read(40)
You are asking for 40 bytes of data. You will get 40 bytes of data.
However your packets are (presumably) variable length, (presumably)
terminated by CR and/or LF. What does the documentation for the device
tell you?
print reading
What you see from the print statement is not necessarily what you've
got.
Change that to print repr(reading) and show us what you then see.
components = reading.split()
print components
ser.close
Here is an example output:
M 37 79 3 4 59 124 86 25
['59', '123', '87', '25', 'M', '37', '79', '3', '4', '59',
'124', '86', '25', 'M
']
M 38 77 3 2 59 124 86 25
['39', '85', '26', 'M', '38', '77', '3', '2', '59', '124', '86',
'25', 'M', '38'
, '7']
Let's try to reconstruct reading:
| a = ['59', '123', '87', '25', 'M', '37', '79', '3', '4', '59',
| ... '124', '86', '25', 'M']
| astrg = ' '.join(a)
| astrg
| '59 123 87 25 M 37 79 3 4 59 124 86 25 M'
| len(astrg)
| 39 ooh! almost 40!!
| b = ['39', '85', '26', 'M', '38', '77', '3', '2', '59', '124',
'86',
| ... '25', 'M', '38'
| ... , '7']
| bstrg = ' '.join(b)
| bstrg
| '39 85 26 M 38 77 3 2 59 124 86 25 M 38 7'
| len(bstrg)
| 40 ooh! exactly 40!!!
My guess: the device is pumping out packets faster than you can handle
them. So you are getting 40-byte snatches of bytes. A snatch is long
enough to cover a whole packet with possible fragments of packets at
each end. You will need to discard the fragments. If you need all the
data, you'd better get some help on how to implement flow control --
I've never used pyserial and I'm not going to read _all_ the docs for
you :-)
I'm very interested to see what print repr(reading) actually shows. I'm
strongly suspecting there is a CR (no LF) at the end of each packet; in
the two cases shown, this would cause the print reading to appear as
only one packet ... think about it: carriage return, with no linefeed,
would cause overwriting. It is a coincidence with those two samples
that the first part of the line doesn't appear strange, with a 4, 5, or
6-digit number showing up where the trailing fragment ends
My problem is that I am trying to get each data point of the
packet into a separate variable. Ordinarily, this would be easy,
as I would just parse the packet, read the array and assign each
element to a variable eg. mx = components[1].
better would be:
mx, foo, bar, .., eighth_vbl = components[start:start + 8]
once you have worked out what start should be, e.g. start =
components.index('M') + 1
However, that
doesn't work here because the original packet and the array that
I got from using the split() method are different. If I were to
try read the array created in the first example output, mx would
be 123 instead of 37 like it is in the packet. In the second
example, the array is 85 while the packet is 38.
As near as I can figure out, pyserial is reading a stream of
data and helpfully rearranging it so that it fits the original
packet format M xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx.
How, if you've read the docstring for the Serial.read() method, did you
come to that conclusion?
pyserial knows nothing about your packet format.
I would have
thought the split() method that I used on original packet (ie
the reading variable) would have just returned an array with
nine elements like the packet has. This is not the case, and I
am at a loss about how to fix this.
I've searched the archive here and elsewhere with no luck. Any
help REALLY appreciated!
With a bit of repr() and a bit of RTFM, one can often manage without
help :-)
Cheers,
John
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
db.commit() to take effect
I was testing the python+mysql
here are my sample codes:
import MySQLdb
from pprint import pprint
db = MySQLdb.connect(host=localhost, user=root, passwd=password,
db=database)
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute('update promo set date=100)
i was expecting the cursor.execute will update my db immediately.
it wasn't. not until i run db.commit(), then only i see the value
changes.
it that the right way to update db?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: db.commit() to take effect
progman wrote:
I was testing the python+mysql
here are my sample codes:
import MySQLdb
from pprint import pprint
db = MySQLdb.connect(host=localhost, user=root, passwd=password,
db=database)
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute('update promo set date=100)
i was expecting the cursor.execute will update my db immediately.
it wasn't. not until i run db.commit(), then only i see the value
changes.
it that the right way to update db?
Short answer: yes
Longer answer: In most non-trivial db apps, to carry out a given
real-world transaction, you will need to do multiple updates/inserts,
and you want them all to happen, or none to happen. The database would
be inconsistent if your app or server crashed half-way through. Imagine
you are transferring some money to someone else's bank account. The
money gets deducted from your account but not added to theirs -- not
good. [A real banking system would not be that simple, but you should
get the general idea.] So you do db.commit() after the last
insert/update.
HTH,
John
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tools for Java/Python scripting
steve http://wiki.python.org/moin/Java_Scripting Renamed to JavaScripting. Skip Rob So nobody around here has heared of that other language called Rob JavaScript then ? Rob Perhaps Scripting_Java might be better. That would be JavaScriptScripting... Skip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Parsing data from pyserial
Lone Wolf [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm trying to get data through my serial port from a CMUcam. This gizmo tracks a color and returns a packet of data. The packet has nine data points (well, really eight since the first point is just a packet header) separated by spaces as follows: M xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx 8 Try splitting the stuff on the M first to separate the records, then get rid of the newlines, carriage return, linefeed, whatever, and then use the split on whitespace... - HTH - Hendrik -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
