date:20070102


At Tuesday 2/1/2007 22:57, Dave Dean wrote:


  myList = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

I'd like to be able to pull out two items at a time - simple examples would
be:
Create this output:
1 2
3 4
5 6


b=iter(a)
for x in b:
   y=b.next()
   print x,y

b=iter(a)
for x,y in ((item, b.next()) for item in b):
   print x,y


Create this list:
[(1,2), (3,4), (5,6)]


b=iter(a)
[(item, b.next()) for item in b]

Note that they don't behave the same at the corner cases (empty list, 
single item, odd length...)



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Re: Iterate through list two items at a time

2007-01-02 Thread skip


>> I'm looking for a way to iterate through a list, two (or more) items
>> at a time.  Basically...
>> 
>> myList = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>> 
>> I'd like to be able to pull out two items at a time...

Dan> def pair_list(list_):
Dan> return [list_[i:i+2] for i in xrange(0, len(list_), 2)]

Here's another way (seems a bit clearer to me, but each person has their own
way of seeing things):

>>> import string
>>> string.letters
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> zip(string.letters[::2], string.letters[1::2])
[('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd'), ..., ('W', 'X'), ('Y', 'Z')]

It extends readily to longer groupings:

>>> zip(string.letters[::3], string.letters[1::3], string.letters[2::3])
[('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d', 'e', 'f'), ('g', 'h', 'i'), ...

Obviously, if your lists are long, you can substitute itertools.izip for
zip.  There's probably some easy way to achieve the same result with
itertools.groupby, but I'm out of my experience there...

Skip
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Re: Iterate through list two items at a time

2007-01-02 Thread bearophileHUGS

Few alternative solutions (other are possible), I usually use a variant
of the first version, inside a partition function, the second variant
is shorter when you don't have a handy partition() function and you
don't want to import modules, and the forth one needs less memory when
the data is very long:

from itertools import izip, islice

data = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]

for x1, x2 in (data[i:i+2] for i in xrange(0, len(data)/2*2, 2)):
print x1, x2

for x1, x2 in zip(data[::2], data[1::2]):
print x1, x2

for x1, x2 in izip(data[::2], data[1::2]):
print x1, x2

for x1, x2 in izip(islice(data,0,None,2), islice(data,1,None,2)):
print x1, x2

Bye,
bearophile

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Re: Iterate through list two items at a time

2007-01-02 Thread Dan Bishop

On Jan 2, 7:57 pm, "Dave Dean" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi all,
>   I'm looking for a way to iterate through a list, two (or more) items at a
> time.  Basically...
>
>   myList = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>
> I'd like to be able to pull out two items at a time...

def pair_list(list_):
return [list_[i:i+2] for i in xrange(0, len(list_), 2)]

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Re: Writing more efficient code

2007-01-02 Thread bearophileHUGS

Jon Harrop:
> I think this sort of functionality would be a welcome addition to Python.

I don't know.


> Perhaps it can be written in Python?

Pyparsing and beautifulsoup show that practically useful parsing
modules can be done using Python alone too.
Set module of Python 2.3, translated to C in Python 2.4 and improved in
Python 2.5 shows that sometimes Python is fit to create prototypes that
can be debugged, and whose API can be improved, and they can later
translated to a faster language.
But the decimal module shows that sometimes such translation can become
a bit difficult.
The re module shows that external modules too can be good enough
compared of Perl/Ruby built-in regex syntax.
Beside Python, various much faster languages may be used, like D,
Pyrex, C, or your loved OCaml. Or theoretically even ShedSkin. I think
D may be fit, the "Pyd" Python <-> D bridge is quite good, and it's
improving. And D is reaching version 1.0.
OCaml maybe can be used to produce Python compiled modules, so it can
be a possibility too, but then very few people are able to maintain it,
so maybe it's better to use a more common language (even D is more
common, because its syntax is easy to grasp by C++ programmers).


> What is the easiest way to add such functionality to Python?

I think implementation language isn't the main problem. I think the
definition of the purpose and API are more difficult.
Mathematica allows you to define rules that let the system chose the
right function (among some with the same name) according to the input
pattern or the kind of input. Guido has discussed some about something
similar, the multimethods. There are some ways and tricks to add such
capabilities to Python, but I don't think they are fast and reliable
enough for real programs. Maybe Python 3.0 will change this some.
If you want just to create something like a regular engine that works
on lists, that contains matching rules, rewriting rules and calls to
many user-defined functions, then I think you can do it with Python
(with Psyco if you want) in few lines (a really basic RE on lists can
be defined in about 20 lines, maybe a good system may can be built with
2000-1 lines), but I don't know how much useful it can be, maybe it
can find some purpose (and maybe someone has already written such
module).


> I think that is an excellent idea. Who will pay me? ;-)

I don't know, probably no one. Most people don't even know how to use
such pattern matching programming paradigm. For Python it may become
just an experiment.

Bye,
bearophile

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Iterate through list two items at a time

2007-01-02 Thread Dave Dean

Hi all,
  I'm looking for a way to iterate through a list, two (or more) items at a 
time.  Basically...

  myList = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

I'd like to be able to pull out two items at a time - simple examples would 
be:
Create this output:
1 2
3 4
5 6

Create this list:
[(1,2), (3,4), (5,6)]

I want the following syntax to work, but sadly it does not:
for x,y in myList:
  print x, y

I can do this with a simple foreach statement in tcl, and if it's easy in 
tcl it's probably not too hard in Python.

Thanks,
Dave 


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Re: Writing more efficient code

2007-01-02 Thread Jon Harrop

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Jon Harrop:
>> I think most people could pick up the core ideas in a day and start
>> writing working programs.
> 
> Probably I am not that intelligent, I probably need some months :-) But
> that language has many good sides, and one day I'll probably try to
> learn it a bit.

It is very cool, and there are a growing number of resources about these
languages. You might also like to try Microsoft's F#, which runs
under .NET.

>> Mathematica is expensive but learning to use pattern matching is much
>> easier than learning how to write a pattern matcher and much less tedious
>> than reimplementing it yourself all the time (which is exactly what the
>> OP will end up doing).
> 
> I see. This is a very old post of mine, at the bottom there are few
> notes about the Mathematica pattern matching syntax:
> http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/msg/93ce3e9a08f5e4c7

Yes. Lots of good points. I think this sort of functionality would be a
welcome addition to Python. What is the easiest way to add such
functionality to Python? Perhaps it can be written in Python?

> To avoid reimplementing it yourself all the time then maybe someone
> (you?) can try to write a good pattern matcher for sequences for
> CPython. With such system it may become less important to switch to a
> different language ;-)

I think that is an excellent idea. Who will pay me? ;-)

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Re: DOS, UNIX and tabs

2007-01-02 Thread Tom Plunket

Peter Decker wrote:

> > Maybe I'm also weird, but I use a variable-pitch font when programming
> > in Python.  So a "tab equals some number of spaces" really isn't useful
> > to me.  My setup is, "tab equals this much space".
> 
> A year ago I would have thought you were weird, but after reading a
> post by Ed Leafe, one of the creators of Dabo about using proportional
> fonts for readability, I thought I'd try it out, thinking that it was
> pretty wacky. Turns out that after a very brief adjustment period, I
> liked it!

Yep, I had a similar experience although a bit more forced.  The editor
that I was using was configured out-of-the-box with variable-pitch, and
I didn't want to bother figuring out how to change it for the quickie
stuff I was writing, then eventually I found that it no longer bothered
me...

-tom!

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Re: Writing more efficient code

2007-01-02 Thread Jon Harrop

Beliavsky wrote:
> If in the newsgroup comp.lang.x somone asks how to do y, and you
> suggest using language z, without answering their question, which was
> how to do it in x, you will likely just annoy people and perhaps make
> it even less likely that they will try z.

Pattern matching isn't a language.

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Filename encoding on XP

2007-01-02 Thread kent sin

What encoding does the NTFS store the filename?

I got some downloaded files, some with Chinese filename, I can not
backup them to CD because the name is not accepted.

I use walk, then print the filename, there are some ? in it, but some
Chinese characters were display with no problem. I suspect the
encoding of the filename is not unicode. How do I find out more about
this?

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Re: Python embedded interpreter: how to initialize the interpreter ?

2007-01-02 Thread Ziga Seilnacht

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I've written a C embedded application. I want to open a python gui
> application in my C program but when I do :
>
> PyRun_String( "import gui.py", file_input, pDictionary, pDictionary );
>
> the interpreter emits an error: tkinter module not defined
>
> What script must I load to initialize the embedded python interpreter
> so as I have the same modules in the python command line and in the
> python embedded interpreter ? /usr/lib/python2.4/*.py ??
>
> Yann COLLETTE

Did you call the Py_Initialize() function before trying to execute that
statement? Note also that you might have to Py_SetProgramName(somepath)
before calling Py_Initialize(). See the documentation for details:
http://docs.python.org/ext/embedding.html
http://docs.python.org/api/embedding.html

Hope this helps,
Ziga

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Re: array of class

2007-01-02 Thread Podi


> > Or more compactly:
> >
> > words = [Word(w) for w in 'this is probably what you want'.split()]
> > print words
>
> I didn't want to introduce yet some more "confusing" stuff !-)

Indeed, the for loop is perfectly fine and totally readable. Let's save
the "confusing stuff" to the Perl folks.

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Need old pywin32/win32all for Win95

2007-01-02 Thread Bob Greschke

Does anyone have an old version of this?  I've got some old OEM stuff that 
will only handle Win95 because of some custom hardware drivers.  The build 
200 on sourceforge of pywin32 isn't old enough.  I'm trying to get pyserial 
up and running.  Python/Tkinter does OK at 233MHz! :)

Thanks!

Bob


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Re: array of class

George Sakkis a écrit :
> Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:
> 
(snip)
>>words = []
>>for w in ['this', 'is', 'probably', 'what', 'you', 'want']:
>>   words.append(Word(w))
>>print words 
> 
> Or more compactly:
> 
> words = [Word(w) for w in 'this is probably what you want'.split()]
> print words

I didn't want to introduce yet some more "confusing" stuff !-)
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Re: list/dictionary as case statement ?

Stef Mientki a écrit :
> 
> If I'm not mistaken, I read somewhere that you can use 
> function-names/references in lists and/or dictionaries, 

Python's functions are objects too - instances of the (builtin) class 
'function'. So yes, you can use them like any other object (store them 
in containers, pass them as arguments, return them from functions etc).


> but now I can't 
> find it anymore.
> 
> The idea is to build a simulator for some kind of micro controller (just 
> as a general practise, I expect it too be very slow ;-).
> 
> opcodes ={
>   1: ('MOV', function1, ...),
>   2: ('ADD', function2, ),
>   3: ('MUL', class3.function3, )
>   }
> 
> def function1
>   # do something complex
> 
> 
> Is this possible ?

Why don't you just try ?

def mov(what, where):
   print "mov() called with %s : %s" % (what, where)

def add(what, towhat):
   print "add() called with %s : %s" % (what, towhat)


opcodes = {
   1: ('MOV', mov),
   2: ('ADD', add),
}

opcodes[1][1](42, 'somewhere')
opcodes[2][1](11, 38)

The third example is a bit less straightforward. Unless class3.function3 
is a classmethod or staticmethod, you'll need an instance of class3, 
either before constructing the 'opcodes' dict or when actually doing the 
call.

class SomeClass(object):
   def some_method(self):
 print "some_method called, self : %s" % self

some_obj = SomeClass()

opcodes[3] = ('MUL', some_obj.some_method)
opcodes[3][1]()

FWIW, using a dict of callables is a common Python idiom to replace the 
switch statement.

HTH
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Re: list/dictionary as case statement ?

> 
> Yes. Functions are (so called) first class objects. You can refer to one 
> by name, and pass that reference around in variables and other data 
> structures.
> 
> That said, your code above won't work as written because function1 is 
> not in existence when you refer to it.
> 
Yes, I just found that out.

Thanks Gary and Grant,
this principle really works like a charm.

cheers,
Stef Mientki

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Re: A question about unicode() function

2007-01-02 Thread Paul Watson

JTree wrote:
> Thanks everyone!
> 
> Sorry for my ambiguous question.
> I changed the codes and now it works fine.
> 
> 
> 
> JTree wrote:
>> Hi,all
>>  I encountered a problem when using unicode() function to fetch a
>> webpage, I don't know why this happenned.
>>  My codes and error messages are:
>>
>>
>> Code:
>> #!/usr/bin/python
>> #Filename: test.py
>> #Modified: 2006-12-31
>>
>> import cPickle as p
>> import urllib
>> import htmllib
>> import re
>> import sys
>>
>> def funUrlFetch(url):
>> lambda url:urllib.urlopen(url).read()
>>
>> objUrl = raw_input('Enter the Url:')
>> content = funUrlFetch(objUrl)
>> content = unicode(content,"gbk")
>> print content
>> content.close()
>>
>>
>> error message:
>>
>> C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe /c python test.py
>> Enter the Url:http://www.msn.com
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>   File "test.py", line 16, in ?
>> content = unicode(content,"gbk")
>> TypeError: coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, NoneType found
>> shell returned 1
>> Hit any key to close this window...
>>
>> Any suggestions would be appreciated!
>>
>> Thanks!

So...  How about posting the brief working code?
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Re: array of class

2007-01-02 Thread George Sakkis

Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:

> FWIW, I guess that what you want here may looks like this:
>
> class Word(object):
>def __init__(self, word=''):
>  self._word = word
>def __repr__(self):
>  return "" % (self._word, id(self))
>
>
> words = []
> for w in ['this', 'is', 'probably', 'what', 'you', 'want']:
>words.append(Word(w))
> print words

Or more compactly:

words = [Word(w) for w in 'this is probably what you want'.split()]
print words

George

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Re: list/dictionary as case statement ?

2007-01-02 Thread Gary Herron

Stef Mientki wrote:
> If I'm not mistaken, I read somewhere that you can use 
> function-names/references in lists and/or dictionaries, but now I can't 
> find it anymore.
>
> The idea is to build a simulator for some kind of micro controller (just 
> as a general practise, I expect it too be very slow ;-).
>
> opcodes ={
>1: ('MOV', function1, ...),
>2: ('ADD', function2, ),
>3: ('MUL', class3.function3, )
>}
>
> def function1
># do something complex
>
>
> Is this possible ?
>
> thanks,
> Stef Mientki
>   

Yes. Functions are (so called) first class objects. You can refer to one 
by name, and pass that reference around in variables and other data 
structures.

That said, your code above won't work as written because function1 is 
not in existence when you refer to it.

Here's some working code which manipulates a reference to a function 
then calls it:

 >>> def fn():
... print "Hello world!"
...
 >>> x = fn
 >>> y = [fn,fn]
 >>> z = {1:fn, 2:fn}
 >>>
 >>> x()
Hello world!
 >>> y[0]()
Hello world!
 >>> y[1]()
Hello world!
 >>> z[1]()
Hello world!
 >>> z[2]()
Hello world!
 >>>

Gary Herron


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Re: array of class

2007-01-02 Thread Carl Banks

mm wrote:
> How can I do a array of class?
>
> s1=[]  ## this array should hold classes
>
> ## class definition
> class Word:
>word=""
>
>
> ## empty words... INIT
> for i in range(100):  ## 0..99
>s1.append(Wort)
>
> s1[0].word="There"
> s1[1].word="should"
> s1[2].word="be"
> s1[3].word="different"
> s1[4].word="classes"
>
> ... but it's not.

I presume you want an list (not array) of objects (not classes).  In
that case, you're missing parentheses after Word.  You have to call the
class object, same as you'd call a function, so you have to follow it
with parentheses:

s1.append(Word())

You could, in fact, have an array of classes, and there are actually
reasons you might want to do that, but that's pretty advanced.

Carl Banks

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Re: list/dictionary as case statement ?

2007-01-02 Thread Grant Edwards

On 2007-01-02, Stef Mientki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> If I'm not mistaken, I read somewhere that you can use 
> function-names/references in lists and/or dictionaries, but
> now I can't find it anymore.
>
> The idea is to build a simulator for some kind of micro
> controller (just as a general practise, I expect it too be
> very slow ;-).
>
> opcodes ={
>1: ('MOV', function1, ...),
>2: ('ADD', function2, ),
>3: ('MUL', class3.function3, )
>}
>
> def function1
># do something complex
>
>
> Is this possible ?

Yes.  

What you're implementing is commonly referred to as a
"dispatcher", and they're often done with a dictionary exactly
as you show.

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list/dictionary as case statement ?


If I'm not mistaken, I read somewhere that you can use 
function-names/references in lists and/or dictionaries, but now I can't 
find it anymore.

The idea is to build a simulator for some kind of micro controller (just 
as a general practise, I expect it too be very slow ;-).

opcodes ={
   1: ('MOV', function1, ...),
   2: ('ADD', function2, ),
   3: ('MUL', class3.function3, )
   }

def function1
   # do something complex


Is this possible ?

thanks,
Stef Mientki
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Re: array of class

mm a écrit :
> 
> How can I do a array of class?

s/array/list/

> s1=[]  ## this array should hold classes
> 
> ## class definition
> class Word:
>   word=""
> 
> 
> ## empty words... INIT
> for i in range(100):  ## 0..99
>   s1.append(Wort)

I guess that s/Wort/Word/

> s1[0].word="There"
> s1[1].word="should"
> s1[2].word="be"
> s1[3].word="different"
> s1[4].word="classes"
> 
> ... but it's not.

Err... Are you sure you really understand what's a class is and how it's 
supposed to be used ?

> 
> print s1
> 
> [,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> 
> ---
> 
> Here, this "classes" are all at the same position in memory.

Of course. You created a list of 100 references to the same class.

> So there 
> are no different classes in the array.

How could it be ? When did you put another class in the list ?

> So I access with s1[0], s1[1], s1[2], etc. always the same data.

Of course.

> Any idea?

Yes : read something about OO base concepts like classes and instances, 
then read the Python's tutorial about how these concepts are implemented 
in Python.

FWIW, I guess that what you want here may looks like this:

class Word(object):
   def __init__(self, word=''):
 self._word = word
   def __repr__(self):
 return "" % (self._word, id(self))


words = []
for w in ['this', 'is', 'probably', 'what', 'you', 'want']:
   words.append(Word(w))
print words
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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Piet van Oostrum

> Sebastian 'lunar' Wiesner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> (SW) wrote:

>SW> Linux seems to ignore SUID bit on scripts:

The reason is that obeying SUID bits on scripts would be a security risk.
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

2007-01-02 Thread Chris Lambacher

On Tue, Jan 02, 2007 at 09:08:41AM -0800, Ben Sizer wrote:
> Chris Lambacher wrote:
> 
> > On Sat, Dec 30, 2006 at 04:55:09PM -0800, Ben Sizer wrote:
> 
> > > Yet many scripts and applications require parameters, or to be executed
> > > from a certain directory. For example, setup.py. Or the various
> > > turbogears scripts. Or easy_install.
> 
> > Martin's point was that if you need to pass arguments, you can call the 
> > script
> > from the command line like so:
> > setup.py install
> >
> > The python part of the 'python setup.py install' idiom needs to be omitted 
> > on
> > Windows, but that does not mean that the solution is to automatically add it
> > to PATH.
> 
> Firstly, that solution only works for actual Python scripts; it doesn't
> solve the utility scripts that are often installed to the /scripts
> directory. It's a shame that many responses on this thread don't
> address that half of the issue. Am I the only person who installs
> packages that add scripts (not all of which are Python ones)?
Nope, but just adding the scripts directory to the PATH does not solve the
problem.  You also need to either create an executable launcher (.bat  or
.exe) for the script or mess with environment variables to tell Windows to
treat .py files a executable.  This issue is solved in Unix by toggling the
executable bit on the file in the file system.

Easy Install helps the situation by making an executable of the same name as
the script which calls the script.  There has been discussion on the distutils
mailing list about how to put this in the user's path.  No good solution has
been proposed.  If Easy Install were made the default distribution method, or
distutils spawned the ability to handle scripts in a similar manner, I would
be in favour of optionally adding scripts to PATH.  Whether that option is on
by default or not could be debated at that time.

> 
> Secondly, it's still a significant difference from the Unix-based
> installs. 
Its not really.  Unix installs default to being installed to the prefix /usr,
which just happens to put the executable in your path.  It does not modify the
user's path in any way.  If you install to some location that is not in your
path it is your responsibility to add that location to your path or provide an
explicit path.  Some of the problems caused by this are mitigated by the way
Unix identifies executables.
> You're right, the solution doesn't automatically have to be
> adding it to the PATH - but I'm yet to see a good argument for choosing
> not to, apart from "I don't like it when apps do that".
> 
> > The documentation is misleading... time for a but report:
> > http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1626300&group_id=5470&atid=105470
> 
> Fixing the docs is better than nothing, but I believe fixing the
> install to encourage uniform usage across all platforms is preferable,
> and that in this regard the documentation shows how it 'should' work.
> 
> > > There appears to be a freely-available binary at this address that may
> > > suffice:
> > > http://legroom.net/modules.php?op=modload&name=Open_Source&file=index&page=software&app=modpath
> 
> > Unfortunately the Python installer is not an InnoSetup installer.
> 
> The page I linked to is a bit misleading but there is an executable on
> that page. All you then have to do is invoke it with the relevant
> parameter.
Sorry, I saw the Inno version and the AutoIt and did not see the compiled
executable version.  I still think it will be more likely to be accepted if
the code was translated into Python, since shipping another executable will
not be required.
> 
> -- 
> Ben Sizer
> 
> -- 
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Re: Unsubscribing from the list

2007-01-02 Thread Dotan Cohen

On 02/01/07, Robert Kern <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Dotan Cohen wrote:
> > I need to unsubscribe from this list. I've mailed
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED] but that did not unsubscribe me. I've
> > also gone to the list homepage and entered my user information, but
> > that just sent me a message that someone had tried to resubscribe this
> > username. What must one do to unsubscribe from python-list?
>
> Go here:
>
>   http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
> Go to the bottom of the page. Next to the button "Unsubscribe or edit 
> options",
> enter your email address. Click the button. On the next page, click
> "Unsubscribe". Follow the instructions in the email that is sent to you.
>

Thanks. I read that page, got as far as this:
(The subscribers list is only available to the list administrator.)
and decided that there was no futher interest on the page for me. Thanks.

Dotan Cohen

http://what-is-what.com/what_is/xss.html
http://lyricslist.com/lyrics/artist_albums/95/bush.html
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Re: Some basic newbie questions...

2007-01-02 Thread Kent Johnson

jonathan.beckett wrote:
  I'm just finding it a bit weird that some of the built in functions are
> static, rather than methods of objects (such as len() being used to
> find the length of a list).

Another explanation here:
http://effbot.org/pyfaq/why-does-python-use-methods-for-some-functionality-e-g-list-index-but-functions-for-other-e-g-len-list.htm

Kent
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Remote askopenfilename()

2007-01-02 Thread half . italian

Hi all.

I'm trying to get Tkinter.askopenfilename() to list a directory tree on
a remote computer.  I've got some ideas, but nothing is slapping me in
the face.  Can someone point me in the right direction?

~Sean

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How to format a number?

2007-01-02 Thread Clodoaldo

I want to format a number with thousands separator to the 'pt_br'
locale.

I'm trying like this:

>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, ('pt_br', 'ascii'))
'pt_BR.ISO8859-1'
>>> locale.format('%d', 9876, True)
'9876'
>>> locale.localeconv()['thousands_sep']
''
>>> locale.localeconv()['mon_thousands_sep']
'.'

The thousands separator is defined only for the ['mon_thousands_sep']
key and not for the ['thousands_sep'] one. What should be done? Set the
['thousands_sep'] to '.' or somehow build the format string as a
monetary number? If any of the former, how?

Regards, Clodoaldo Pinto Neto

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Re: Python embedded interpreter: how to initialize the interpreter ?

2007-01-02 Thread [EMAIL PROTECTED]

> >the interpreter emits an error: tkinter module not defined

Capitalize the 't', in Tkinter, its case sensitive.

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wsdl2py question

2007-01-02 Thread Laszlo Nagy

Hi All!

I just installed ZSI and tried to generate client code for a wsdl. Here 
is the exception I got:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/wsdl2py", line 9, in ?
wsdl2py()
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/commands.py", line 
222, in wsdl2py
wsm.writeClient(fd)
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/wsdl2python.py", 
line 211, in writeClient
sd.fromWsdl(service, **kw)
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/wsdl2python.py", 
line 294, in fromWsdl
mw.setUp(soc, port, input=False)
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/wsdl2python.py", 
line 348, in setUp
rpc,literal = soc.isRPC(), soc.isLiteral(input)
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/containers.py", 
line 441, in isLiteral
return IsLiteral(msgrole)
  File 
"/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ZSI/generate/containers.py", 
line 65, in IsLiteral
raise ValueError, 'Missing soap:body binding.'
ValueError: Missing soap:body binding.

What does it mean? The wsdl is good for sure, I know other people using 
it from Java and .NET. I do not know too much about SOAP, this is why I 
wanted to generate the python code for my client, but now I'm stuck.

Thanks,

   Laszlo
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Re: array of class

2007-01-02 Thread hg

mm wrote:

> 
> How can I do a array of class?
> 
> s1=[]  ## this array should hold classes
> 
> ## class definition
> class Word:
>word=""
> 
> 
> ## empty words... INIT
> for i in range(100):  ## 0..99
>s1.append(Wort)
> 
> s1[0].word="There"
> s1[1].word="should"
> s1[2].word="be"
> s1[3].word="different"
> s1[4].word="classes"
> 
> ... but it's not.
> 
> 
> print s1
> 
> [,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> ,
> 
> ---
> 
> Here, this "classes" are all at the same position in memory. So there
> are no different classes in the array.
> 
> So I access with s1[0], s1[1], s1[2], etc. always the same data.
> 
> Any idea?
> 
> --
> Michael


do you mean object ?

your append should be append(Word()) as you need to create instances.

hg



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array of class

2007-01-02 Thread mm


How can I do a array of class?

s1=[]  ## this array should hold classes

## class definition
class Word:
   word=""


## empty words... INIT
for i in range(100):  ## 0..99
   s1.append(Wort)

s1[0].word="There"
s1[1].word="should"
s1[2].word="be"
s1[3].word="different"
s1[4].word="classes"

... but it's not.


print s1

[,
,
,
,
,
,

---

Here, this "classes" are all at the same position in memory. So there 
are no different classes in the array.

So I access with s1[0], s1[1], s1[2], etc. always the same data.

Any idea?

--
Michael

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Re: DOS, UNIX and tabs

2007-01-02 Thread Neil Cerutti

On 2007-01-02, Peter Decker <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 1/1/07, Tom Plunket <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Maybe I'm also weird, but I use a variable-pitch font when
>> programming in Python.  So a "tab equals some number of
>> spaces" really isn't useful to me.  My setup is, "tab equals
>> this much space".
>
> A year ago I would have thought you were weird, but after
> reading a post by Ed Leafe, one of the creators of Dabo about
> using proportional fonts for readability, I thought I'd try it
> out, thinking that it was pretty wacky. Turns out that after a
> very brief adjustment period, I liked it! I've been using
> proportional fonts ever since, and have found only one
> drawback: code that is indented with spaces looks butt-ugly.
> I'm glad I switched to tabs for my code.

I first came accross it in Stroustrup's _The C++ Programming
Language_. I liked the look and the idea immediately, but my
editor of choice (by historical accident) Vim, doesn't yet
support it.

-- 
Neil Cerutti
I've had a wonderful evening, but this wasn't it. --Groucho Marx
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

2007-01-02 Thread Brent Rogers -X (breroger - Spherion at Cisco)

At Tuesday 2/1/2007 13:58, Ben Sizer wrote:

> Notice that there is NO need to alter the system path. You just have
> to tell Windows where python.exe resides; there is a per-application
> path located at
> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths.

>From what I can tell, that is solely for file associations. If so, it
will work if you type "setup.py install" but not if you type "python
setup.py install". For instance, I have an entry for Firefox in that
part of the registry, but if you try executing "firefox" at the command
line, it fails.

Typing "start firefox" at the command line should work.
It appears that cmd.exe does *not* use ShellExecute to find the 
executable, so this approach doesn't work as expected :(

--
Gabriel Genellina
Softlab SRL 

__ 
Preguntá. Respondé. Descubrí. 
Todo lo que querías saber, y lo que ni imaginabas, 
está en Yahoo! Respuestas (Beta). 
¡Probalo ya! 
http://www.yahoo.com.ar/respuestas 

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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Ravi Teja

> >
> > How about invoking scripts with SUID root set?
>
> Linux seems to ignore SUID bit on scripts:

Yes. My bad. The work around was to use native launchers. I don't
remember the details. Perhaps with the interpreter embedded to launch
it in-process and to hard code the script paths (or at least a config
file/script pointing to them) for security.

> Anyway, you should definitely think about security issues. Not all
> people out there are friendly...

I agree. SUID is often risky.

Web applications such as webmin that do administrative functions
through a web interface require extra precautions for security such as
restricting access to specific IPs.

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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Sebastian 'lunar' Wiesner

Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> typed

> On Tue, 2007-01-02 at 17:17 +0100, Sebastian 'lunar' Wiesner wrote:
>> Ravi Teja <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> typed
>> 
>> > 
>> > Ivan Voras wrote:
>> >> Ramdas wrote:
>> >> > Well,
>> >> >
>> >> > I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which
>> >> > runs only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future
>> >> > even look at managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
>> >> >
>> >> > I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
>> >> > through a web interface.
>> >> >
>> >> > Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions
>> >>
>> >> What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You
>> >> *could* in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you
>> >> can find crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note
>> >> that you must run your script under the 'root' account in order to
>> >> write (and even read!) the passwd database. The same goes for
>> >> using os.system and the built-in OS utility. Be aware of security
>> >> implications if you're running your web server under the root
>> >> account.
>> > 
>> > How about invoking scripts with SUID root set?
>> 
>> Linux seems to ignore SUID bit on scripts:
> 
> I don't think that that has anything to do with Linux or not. The
> script is not the actual executable, hence its suid bit is irrelevant.

I don't think so. From what I know, the script is passed as executable
to the kernel loader, which interprets the shebang and feeds the script
through the correct interpreter. So the kernel loader sees the script
itself as executable instead of the interpreter binary. I've heard of
other Unix systems, which handle this differently (meaning that the
SUID bit on scripts has an effect), but I may be wrong.

> You'd have to set the suid bit on the python executable, but that
> would affect all python scripts, which is probably bad.

It _is_ bad!

-- 
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  (Rosa Luxemburg)
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Re: python2.5 frameobject - how to upgrade?

2007-01-02 Thread skip


Helmut> A personal question: Have you converted from Perl to Python, as
Helmut> well?

Never really needed to.  Anybody hiring me for my Perl expertise would be in
big trouble. ;-)

Skip
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Python Guru needed in San Jose!

Start the New Year off with a new Python job! 

Cisco Systems   (San Jose, CA)

Posted 16-Nov-2006

Technical Leader I (759661)

Description

We are looking for a Software Development Engineer who will work in
development of a new Cisco product. Architect and develop high
performance Linux embedded drivers and software. Product implements
networked services delivery including streaming and other real time
protocols. Candidate must have demonstrated deep understanding of Linux
OS and developed networking software on Linux. Work in a startup
environment inside a corporate company.

*   Proven track record of major contributions to successful
commercial Linux Real Time software development efforts. 
*   Strong Linux/Unix background (System Administration background
helpful) 
*   Ability to write scripts in some administrative language (TCL,
Perl, Python, a shell) 
*   A self starter able to work with a minimal supervision 
*   Uses acquired professional knowledge to determine method for
issue resolution. 
*   Uses expertise and creativity for innovative product
recommendation and solutions 

Typically requires BSEE/CS or equivalent with 10+ years relevant
experience in internetworking technologies and applications.

*   Contact: Brent Rogers, Recruiter 
*   Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
*   Phone: 469-255-0254

 

Brent Rogers
Recruiter
Talent Acquisition and Management

[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Phone :469-255-0254
Mobile :469-223-2085


Cisco Systems. Inc.
2200 E. President George Bush 
Richardson, TX, 75082
United States
www.cisco.com/jobs



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Re: how to use execfile with argument under windows

2007-01-02 Thread Peter Otten

baur79 wrote:

> i need to execute this command line (different source for n times)
> 
> filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png

> i try with python (python script and filename.exe in same directory)

> execfile("filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png")

That does not do what you think it does, see

http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html#l2h-26

You need os.system() or, for more complex applications, the subprocess
module.

Peter
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Re: how to use execfile with argument under windows

2007-01-02 Thread Matimus


>
> error output
> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:"filename.exe -type png
> -source sourcearg -file filename.png"

Use 'os.system' not 'execfile'. 'execfile' is for executing other
python scripts, not arbitrary command line.

Try this:

import os
...
...
os.system("filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file
filename.png")

> try
> execfile("d:\pathto\filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file
> filename.png")
>
> error output
> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:"d:\pathto\filename.exe
> filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png"

be careful with your '\'s they tend to get interpreted as escape
characters. You can prefix the string with an 'r', double them up or
use forward slashes.

One of the following should work:
r"d:\pathto\filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file
filename.png"
"d:\\pathto\\filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file
filename.png"
"d:/pathto/filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png"

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Re: DOS, UNIX and tabs

2007-01-02 Thread Peter Decker

On 1/1/07, Tom Plunket <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Maybe I'm also weird, but I use a variable-pitch font when programming
> in Python.  So a "tab equals some number of spaces" really isn't useful
> to me.  My setup is, "tab equals this much space".

A year ago I would have thought you were weird, but after reading a
post by Ed Leafe, one of the creators of Dabo about using proportional
fonts for readability, I thought I'd try it out, thinking that it was
pretty wacky. Turns out that after a very brief adjustment period, I
liked it! I've been using proportional fonts ever since, and have
found only one drawback: code that is indented with spaces looks
butt-ugly. I'm glad I switched to tabs for my code.

-- 

# p.d.
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Re: python2.5 frameobject - how to upgrade?

2007-01-02 Thread Helmut Jarausch

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Helmut> I'd like to install a package ('rekall') which uses
> Helmut> frame->f_nlocals which is no longer contained in frameobject.h.
> 
> Helmut> What's the recommended way to upgrade such an application?
> 
> I suspect PySequence_Length(frame->f_locals) will do the trick.

Yes, thanks, that fixed it,
Happy New Year to you.

A personal question: Have you converted from Perl to Python, as well?

-- 
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Lehrstuhl fuer Numerische Mathematik
RWTH - Aachen University
D 52056 Aachen, Germany
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RE: Looking for python SIP/MGCP stacks

2007-01-02 Thread Jean-Paul Calderone

On Tue, 2 Jan 2007 09:02:17 -0800, "Jenny Zhao \(zhzhao\)" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
wrote:
>Thanks Anthony.
>
>I am wondering where I can get Divmod Sine and Shtoom. Are they open
>source ?
>

http://divmod.org/trac/wiki/DivmodSine

http://divmod.org/trac/wiki/ShtoomProject

Shtoom is LGPL.  Sine borrows some code from it, so it is probably LGPL as well.

Jean-Paul
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

Chris Lambacher wrote:

> On Sat, Dec 30, 2006 at 04:55:09PM -0800, Ben Sizer wrote:

> > Yet many scripts and applications require parameters, or to be executed
> > from a certain directory. For example, setup.py. Or the various
> > turbogears scripts. Or easy_install.

> Martin's point was that if you need to pass arguments, you can call the script
> from the command line like so:
> setup.py install
>
> The python part of the 'python setup.py install' idiom needs to be omitted on
> Windows, but that does not mean that the solution is to automatically add it
> to PATH.

Firstly, that solution only works for actual Python scripts; it doesn't
solve the utility scripts that are often installed to the /scripts
directory. It's a shame that many responses on this thread don't
address that half of the issue. Am I the only person who installs
packages that add scripts (not all of which are Python ones)?

Secondly, it's still a significant difference from the Unix-based
installs. You're right, the solution doesn't automatically have to be
adding it to the PATH - but I'm yet to see a good argument for choosing
not to, apart from "I don't like it when apps do that".

> The documentation is misleading... time for a but report:
> http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1626300&group_id=5470&atid=105470

Fixing the docs is better than nothing, but I believe fixing the
install to encourage uniform usage across all platforms is preferable,
and that in this regard the documentation shows how it 'should' work.

> > There appears to be a freely-available binary at this address that may
> > suffice:
> > http://legroom.net/modules.php?op=modload&name=Open_Source&file=index&page=software&app=modpath

> Unfortunately the Python installer is not an InnoSetup installer.

The page I linked to is a bit misleading but there is an executable on
that page. All you then have to do is invoke it with the relevant
parameter.

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Ben Sizer

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how to use execfile with argument under windows

2007-01-02 Thread baur79

Hi everybody

i need to execute this command line (different source for n times)

filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png


i try with python (python script and filename.exe in same directory)

import os
..
..
execfile("filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png")

error output
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:"filename.exe -type png
-source sourcearg -file filename.png"

try
execfile("d:\pathto\filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file
filename.png")

error output
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:"d:\pathto\filename.exe
filename.exe -type png -source sourcearg -file filename.png"


please help to solve problem
thanks

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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

2007-01-02 Thread Thomas Heller

Ben Sizer schrieb:
> Gabriel Genellina wrote:
> 

>> Notice that there is NO need to alter the system path. You just have
>> to tell Windows where python.exe resides; there is a per-application
>> path located at
>> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths.
>> In order to launch Python just writing "python" at the command
>> prompt, the installer should -instead of playing with the system
>> path- create a new key below App Paths, named "python.exe", and set
>> its default value to the full path of the installed python executable.
>> See
>> http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/programmersguide/shell_basics/shell_basics_extending/fileassociations/fa_perceived_types.asp
> 
>>From what I can tell, that is solely for file associations. If so, it
> will work if you type "setup.py install" but not if you type "python
> setup.py install". For instance, I have an entry for Firefox in that
> part of the registry, but if you try executing "firefox" at the command
> line, it fails.

Not really.  It's for ShellExecute, which is used for the 'run' entry in the
start menu, or when you type 'start firefox' from the command line.

Thomas

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Re: popen on windows

2007-01-02 Thread hubritic

Thanks for your reply. I figured it out. I was not closing the file
that path pointed to before executing the command. D'oh! So sometimes
it read the file that was created on the previous test run ...

Anyway, for the benefit of anyone who might be googling for a similar
question, what seems to work for running a command in Windows and
having it wait for the command to finish was (after closing the file
before I refer to it) was:

(this is python 2.4.3. I think subprocess was new in 2.4. See
documentation for subprocess module)

from subprocess import Popen
r = Popen(string_with_the_command, shell=True)
r.wait()

Sometimes the hardest part of python is to resist the urge to imagine
that things *must* be complicated and therefore the simpliest possible
solution can't possibly work ...

Daniel Klein wrote:
> On 27 Dec 2006 09:16:53 -0800, "hubritic" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
> >I am trying to set off commands on Windows 2003 from python.
> >Specifically, I am trying to use diskpart with a script file (pointed
> >to with path).
> >
> >cmd = ["diskpart",  "/s", path]
> >p = Popen(cmd, shell=True)
> >
> >The script is meant to loop through twice. It will do so if I comment
> >out the Popen call and print cmd instead. But when Popen is called, one
> >disk will be formated, but not the next.
>
> What is the value of 'path' ?
> 
> Does the command work from a Windows command prompt ?
> 
> Dan

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RE: Looking for python SIP/MGCP stacks

2007-01-02 Thread Jenny Zhao (zhzhao)

Thanks Anthony.

I am wondering where I can get Divmod Sine and Shtoom. Are they open
source ?

Thanks again
Jenny 

-Original Message-
From: Anthony Baxter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Sent: Saturday, December 30, 2006 2:38 AM
To: Jenny Zhao (zhzhao)
Cc: python-list@python.org
Subject: Re: Looking for python SIP/MGCP stacks

> I am using python to write a testing tools, currently this tool only 
> supports skinny protocol. I am planning to add SIP and MGCP support as

> well, wondering if you have written these protocol stacks before which

> can be leveraged from.

There's two I know of - shtoom and Divmod Sine. The latter is a more
complete implementation of SIP and probably what you want to use.
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

Gabriel Genellina wrote:

> At Saturday 30/12/2006 21:55, Ben Sizer wrote:
>
> >python setup.py install
> >
> >On Unix, you'd run this command from a shell prompt; on Windows, you
> >have to open a command prompt window (``DOS box'') and do it there; "
> >
> >Pretty much none of the instructions in that part of the docs will work
> >without you altering your path beforehand. Python's cross-platform
> >nature means people rightly expect the same instructions to work on
> >Linux and Windows from a standard installation. Right now, they don't.
>
> Notice that there is NO need to alter the system path. You just have
> to tell Windows where python.exe resides; there is a per-application
> path located at
> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths.
> In order to launch Python just writing "python" at the command
> prompt, the installer should -instead of playing with the system
> path- create a new key below App Paths, named "python.exe", and set
> its default value to the full path of the installed python executable.
> See
> http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/programmersguide/shell_basics/shell_basics_extending/fileassociations/fa_perceived_types.asp

>From what I can tell, that is solely for file associations. If so, it
will work if you type "setup.py install" but not if you type "python
setup.py install". For instance, I have an entry for Firefox in that
part of the registry, but if you try executing "firefox" at the command
line, it fails.

It also doesn't solve the issue of utility scripts being added to
Python's scripts directory.

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Re: Python Wrapper for C# Com Object

2007-01-02 Thread Thomas Heller

[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] skrev:
> 
>> Hi,
>>
>> I wish to write a Python wrapper for my C# COM object but am unsure
>> where to start. I have a dll and a tlb file, and I can use this object
>> in C via the following code -
>>
>> // ConsolApp.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
>> //
>> #include "stdafx.h"
>> #include "windows.h"
>> #include "stdio.h"
>> #import "C:\Documents and Settings\X\Mina dokument\Visual Studio
>> 2005\Projects\X_COMObject\X_COMObject\bin\Debug\X_COMObject.tlb"
>> using namespace X_COMObject;
>>
>> int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
>> {
>>  CoInitialize(NULL);
>>
>>  X_COMObject::XCOM_InterfacePtr p(__uuidof(X_COMObject::XCOM_Class));
>>  XCOM_Interface *X_com_ptr ;
>>  X_com_ptr = p ;
>>  X_com_ptr->SetID(10);
>>  int x = X_com_ptr->GetID();
>>  printf("%d",x);
>>  getchar();
>>
>>  return 0;
>> }
>>
>> Can anyone offer me some tips as to how to do this in Python?
>>
>> Thanks very much for your help,
>>
>> Barry.
> 
> This is what I've done so far, but I know I'm not doing this correctly.
> Can anyone help me out?
> 
> #import pythoncom
> #pythoncom.CoInitialize()

The above is unneeded if you use comtypes as below (and is unneeded
when using pythoncom, as well).

> from comtypes.client import GetModule, CreateObject
> 
> module = GetModule("C:\\Documents and Settings\\X\\Mina
> dokument\\Visual Studio
> 2005\\Projects\\X_COMObject\\X_COMObject\\bin\\Debug\\X_COMObject.tlb")
> 
You don't intantiate the interface, you have to instantiate the COM object.
Something like

  CreateObject("XCOM_Class")

but of course you have to use the correct argument in the call - the progid
of the COM object.
Alternatively you can use the CoClass from the typelibrary, look into the
generated module in the comtypes\gen directory for a class derived from
comtypes.CoClass.

InternetExplorer, for example, can be started in these ways:

# using the progid:
ie = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

# using the clsid:
ie = CreateObject("{0002DF01---C000-0046}")


# using the coclass from the generated module:
mod = GetModule("shdocvw.dll")
ie = CreateObject(mod.InternetExplorer)

Thomas

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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

2007-01-02 Thread Chris Lambacher

On Sat, Dec 30, 2006 at 04:55:09PM -0800, Ben Sizer wrote:
> Martin v. L?wis wrote:
> 
> > Ben Sizer schrieb:
> > > I've installed several different versions of Python across several
> > > different versions of MS Windows, and not a single time was the Python
> > > directory or the Scripts subdirectory added to the PATH environment
> > > variable. Every time, I've had to go through and add this by hand, to
> > > have something resembling a usable Python installation. No such
> > > problems on Linux, whether it be Mandrake/Mandriva, Fedora Core, or
> > > Kubuntu. So why is the Windows install half-crippled by default?
> >
> > For several reasons:
> > 1. Python can be used just fine without being on PATH. Python
> >scripts run fine both when double-clicked and when invoked in
> >the command line, and if you want to use an interactive
> >interpreter, you can find it readily on the Start menu.
> 
> Yet many scripts and applications require parameters, or to be executed
> from a certain directory. For example, setup.py. Or the various
> turbogears scripts. Or easy_install.
Martin's point was that if you need to pass arguments, you can call the script
from the command line like so:
setup.py install

The python part of the 'python setup.py install' idiom needs to be omitted on
Windows, but that does not mean that the solution is to automatically add it
to PATH.

> > 2. Many windows users (including myself) dislike setup routines that
> >manipulate PATH.
> 
> My opinion is that this is not as big a problem as some may feel that
> it is. Unlike Unix systems, the PATH variable is rarely used. Most
> applications are launched via the Start Menu, which uses absolute
> paths, or via file associations, also done via absolute paths. The
> chance of a naming collision only really arises when you start using
> the command line, which most people don't do.
> 
> However, among those who will use the command line, are some people new
> to Python, who will come across instructions like this:
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Pretty much none of the instructions in that part of the docs will work
> without you altering your path beforehand. Python's cross-platform
> nature means people rightly expect the same instructions to work on
> Linux and Windows from a standard installation. Right now, they don't.

The documentation is misleading... time for a but report:
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1626300&group_id=5470&atid=105470

> > if Python is to be found in PATH, it
> >should rather be installed to a directory that is known to live
> >on PATH (or where CreateProcess searches, anyway, such
> >as system32). So if the installer had such a feature, it should
> >be optional, and it should default to "off".
> 
> It's a lot more anti-social to install to system32 than to modify the
> PATH variable. How easy is it to temporarily undo an installation to a
> system directory like that? What if you still want Python in your path
> but with less precedence than some other user directory?
I agree an optional add to PATH, should just add to the path rather than
install python.exe into a location on the path.
> 
> > 3. Most importantly: it is difficult to implement, and nobody has
> >contributed code to make it work.
> 
> There appears to be a freely-available binary at this address that may
> suffice:
> http://legroom.net/modules.php?op=modload&name=Open_Source&file=index&page=software&app=modpath
Unfortunately the Python installer is not an InnoSetup installer.  If you
converted this code to Python you might get farther since the MSI could call
an add2path script with the newly installed Python executable.  I am sure
submitting a patch for the installer option would also help your cause.

-Chris
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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Carsten Haese

On Tue, 2007-01-02 at 17:17 +0100, Sebastian 'lunar' Wiesner wrote:
> Ravi Teja <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> typed
> 
> > 
> > Ivan Voras wrote:
> >> Ramdas wrote:
> >> > Well,
> >> >
> >> > I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which
> >> > runs only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future
> >> > even look at managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
> >> >
> >> > I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
> >> > through a web interface.
> >> >
> >> > Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions
> >>
> >> What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You
> >> *could* in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you
> >> can find crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note
> >> that you must run your script under the 'root' account in order to
> >> write (and even read!) the passwd database. The same goes for using
> >> os.system and the built-in OS utility. Be aware of security
> >> implications if you're running your web server under the root
> >> account.
> > 
> > How about invoking scripts with SUID root set?
> 
> Linux seems to ignore SUID bit on scripts:

I don't think that that has anything to do with Linux or not. The script
is not the actual executable, hence its suid bit is irrelevant. You'd
have to set the suid bit on the python executable, but that would affect
all python scripts, which is probably bad.

-Carsten


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Re: trees, iterations and adding leaves

At Sunday 31/12/2006 14:25, vertigo wrote:

I use nltk package - but it should not matter here.

Yes, it does. The framework should provide some form of tree traversal.

So i wanted to 'travel thru my tree' to last node which should be changed:
>>> tree6 = Tree('main', ['sub1', 'sub2'])
>>> subtree = tree6[0]
>>> subtree
'sub1'
>>> subtree = Tree('newsub',[])
>>> subtree
('newsub': )
>>> tree6
('main': 'sub1' 'sub2')
The problem is that subtree is some kind of a new variable (not pointer)
so changing it i will not alter tree6.

This, yes, is a general Python question. When you bind something to 
the name "subtree", it doesn't matter what were "subtree" pointing to 
before. Read http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm

How to alter tree6 while
'travelling along it's nodes',
without messy referencing as tree6[0][1][0][1][1][1][0].. ?

Without any further knowledge of the Tree objects, you could do 
something like this:

def traverse_tree(tree, *ids):
result = tree
while ids:
key = ids.pop(0)
tree = tree[key]
return tree

and say: traverse_tree(tree6, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0) or 
traverse_tree(tree6, *[0,1,0,1,1,1,0]) or traverse_tree(tree6, 
*[0,1,0,1,1])[0] = another_object

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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Sebastian 'lunar' Wiesner

Ravi Teja <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> typed

> 
> Ivan Voras wrote:
>> Ramdas wrote:
>> > Well,
>> >
>> > I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which
>> > runs only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future
>> > even look at managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
>> >
>> > I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
>> > through a web interface.
>> >
>> > Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions
>>
>> What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You
>> *could* in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you
>> can find crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note
>> that you must run your script under the 'root' account in order to
>> write (and even read!) the passwd database. The same goes for using
>> os.system and the built-in OS utility. Be aware of security
>> implications if you're running your web server under the root
>> account.
> 
> How about invoking scripts with SUID root set?

Linux seems to ignore SUID bit on scripts:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:03:23] >> ~/test
--> cat uidtest.py
#!/usr/bin/python
import os

print 'uid:', os.getuid()
print 'effective uid:', os.geteuid()
os.system('whoami')

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:03:28] >> ~/test
--> ls -l uidtest.py
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 112 2007-01-02 17:03 uidtest.py

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:03:46] >> ~/test
--> /home/lunar/test/uidtest.py
uid: 1000
effective uid: 1000
lunar

Anyway, you should definitely think about security issues. Not all
people out there are friendly...

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Re: Unsubscribing from the list

2007-01-02 Thread Robert Kern

Dotan Cohen wrote:
> I need to unsubscribe from this list. I've mailed
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] but that did not unsubscribe me. I've
> also gone to the list homepage and entered my user information, but
> that just sent me a message that someone had tried to resubscribe this
> username. What must one do to unsubscribe from python-list?

Go here:

  http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Go to the bottom of the page. Next to the button "Unsubscribe or edit options",
enter your email address. Click the button. On the next page, click
"Unsubscribe". Follow the instructions in the email that is sent to you.

-- 
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"I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma
 that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had
 an underlying truth."
  -- Umberto Eco

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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Jan Dries

Ivan Voras wrote:
> Ramdas wrote:
>> Well,
>>
>> I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which runs
>> only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future even look at
>> managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
>>
>> I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
>> through a web interface.
>>
>> Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions
> 
> What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You *could*
> in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you can find
> crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note that you must
> run your script under the 'root' account in order to write (and even
> read!) the passwd database. The same goes for using os.system and the
> built-in OS utility. Be aware of security implications if you're running
> your web server under the root account.

A solution that is both more pythonic and avoids the problems listed 
above would be to migrate user management from /etc/passwd to an LDAP 
(though pam_ldap). That's the approach I took in a similar situation. 
Sure, it adds the overhead of setting up and running an LDAP, but 
managing users and their quota through python_ldap is much cleaner and 
more flexible than doing so using os.system(), certainly from within a 
web application.
That doesn't alter the fact though that security must be properly 
considered in any application that can add users.

Regards,
Jan
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Re: Python embedded interpreter: how to initialize the interpreter ?


At Sunday 31/12/2006 10:55, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


I've written a C embedded application. I want to open a python gui
application in my C program but when I do :

PyRun_String( "import gui.py", file_input, pDictionary, pDictionary );

the interpreter emits an error: tkinter module not defined


Does it work if you try it from the interpreter?


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Re: Convert Perl to Python

Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch a écrit :
> In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> Χρυσάνθη Αϊναλή wrote:
> 
> 
>>How can I convert a perl script to Python?
> 
> 
> Look what the Perl script does and then rewrite it in Python.  Automatic
> translations between programming languages, if possible, usually result in
> code that is not supposed to be read by human beings.  Every language has
> its idioms and a "literal" translation looks very odd to "native speakers"
> of the target language.

and might be quite inefficient too...

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Re: Newbie query about secure embedded python

2007-01-02 Thread Paul Rubin

Richard Dwan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> My question is; is there a secure python interpreter
> that prevents malicious code from using C/C++ modules
> or built-in functions from causing damage to a users
> system.

You mean like a java sandbox?  There used to be one in Python (the
rexec/Bastion modules) but they were removed for security reasons
(i.e. they weren't secure and there was no way to fix the holes).
There seems to currently be no really reliable way to do what you're
asking.  Your best bet may be either a small JVM, or a very limited
special purpose language that you could implement in Python.
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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Ravi Teja


Ivan Voras wrote:
> Ramdas wrote:
> > Well,
> >
> > I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which runs
> > only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future even look at
> > managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
> >
> > I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
> > through a web interface.
> >
> > Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions
>
> What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You *could*
> in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you can find
> crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note that you must
> run your script under the 'root' account in order to write (and even
> read!) the passwd database. The same goes for using os.system and the
> built-in OS utility. Be aware of security implications if you're running
> your web server under the root account.

How about invoking scripts with SUID root set?

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Re: Can I beat perl at grep-like processing speed?

js a écrit :
> Just my curiosity.
> Can python beats perl at speed of grep-like processing?

Probably not.

> 
> $ wget http://www.gutenberg.org/files/7999/7999-h.zip
> $ unzip 7999-h.zip
> $ cd 7999-h
> $ cat *.htm > bigfile
> $ du -h bigfile
> du -h bigfile
> 8.2Mbigfile
> 
> -- grep.pl --
> #!/usr/local/bin/perl
> open(F, 'bigfile') or die;
> 
> while() {
>  s/[\n\r]+$//;
>  print "$_\n" if m/destroy/oi;
> }
> -- END --
> -- grep.py --
> #!/usr/bin/env python
> import re
> r = re.compile(r'destroy', re.IGNORECASE)
> 
> for s in file('bigfile'):
>  if r.search(s): print s.rstrip("\r\n")
> -- END --

Please notice that you're also benchmarking IO here - and perl seems to 
use a custom, highly optimized IO lib, that is much much faster than the 
system's one. I once made a Q&D cat-like comparison of perl, Python and 
C on my gentoo-linux box, and the perl version was insanely faster than 
the C one.

Now the real question is IMHO: is the Python version fast enough ?

My 2 cents..
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?


At Saturday 30/12/2006 21:55, Ben Sizer wrote:


python setup.py install

On Unix, you'd run this command from a shell prompt; on Windows, you
have to open a command prompt window (``DOS box'') and do it there; "

Pretty much none of the instructions in that part of the docs will work
without you altering your path beforehand. Python's cross-platform
nature means people rightly expect the same instructions to work on
Linux and Windows from a standard installation. Right now, they don't.


Notice that there is NO need to alter the system path. You just have 
to tell Windows where python.exe resides; there is a per-application 
path located at 
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths.
In order to launch Python just writing "python" at the command 
prompt, the installer should -instead of playing with the system 
path- create a new key below App Paths, named "python.exe", and set 
its default value to the full path of the installed python executable.
See 
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/programmersguide/shell_basics/shell_basics_extending/fileassociations/fa_perceived_types.asp



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Re: OO question

[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit :
> First I want to say thanks everyone for helping me!
> 
> John Machin wrote:
> 
> 
>>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>>
>>>I want to make an addressbook and I'm new to OO programming, so I
>>>wonder if this sounds reasonable.
>>>
>>>I think of making a class Address which contains all data about one
>>>person, that class can have UserDict as baseclass so I can access data
>>>like object['name'], etc..
>>
>>Stop right there. Class Address contains all data about one *person*?
>>Please consider renaming that class Person, and having a separate class
>>Address.
>>
>>Interruption for a reality check:  A person may be related to zero, one
>>or many addresses. An address may be related to zero, one or many
>>persons. The relationship may take many forms e.g. "lives at", "once
>>lived at", "has been noticed loitering outside", ...
> 
> 
> Lets say I have those two classes, Person and Address. How would one
> implement the relationship between them? First, a Person can have one
> or more addresses (or none), that could be represented as a list of
> Addresses, right? But then, if I have an Address I want to see which
> persons who live there, then I would have a list of Persons in each
> Address.
> 
> Is this doubly-linked way of doing it a good way of doing it,  or is
> there a better "OO way" I haven't learned yet?
> 

The most common solution so far for this kind of problems is to forget 
about "domain model" OO modeling and switch to relational modeling 
(usually using an SQL dbms). Else you end up rewriting an half-backed 
buggy ad-hoc relational system... FWIW, using OO does not imply using an 
OO domain model. You can restrict OO features to "technical" objects...

Now the good news is that there are Python packages like SQLAlchemy that 
gives you kind of "best of both world" solutions (OO domain model + 
relational support).

My 2 cents...
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Re: How do I add users using Python scripts on a Linux machine

2007-01-02 Thread Ivan Voras

Ramdas wrote:
> Well,
> 
> I need to add users from a web interface for a web server, which runs
> only Python. I need to add users, set quotas and in future even look at
> managing ip tables to limit bandwidth.
> 
> I know os.system(), but this has to be done through a form entry
> through a web interface.
> 
> Anyways thanks, do advise if there more pythonic solutions

What you're looking for is actually a pretty complex thing. You *could*
in theory manage /etc/passwd (and its "shadow" file) - you can find
crypto primitives like MD5 and DES on the 'net, but note that you must
run your script under the 'root' account in order to write (and even
read!) the passwd database. The same goes for using os.system and the
built-in OS utility. Be aware of security implications if you're running
your web server under the root account.
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Re: python2.5 frameobject - how to upgrade?

2007-01-02 Thread skip


Helmut> I'd like to install a package ('rekall') which uses
Helmut> frame->f_nlocals which is no longer contained in frameobject.h.

Helmut> What's the recommended way to upgrade such an application?

I suspect PySequence_Length(frame->f_locals) will do the trick.

Skip
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Newbie query about secure embedded python

2007-01-02 Thread Richard Dwan

(Originally incorrectly posted to C++ SIG mailing
list)

Hello,

First let me apologise if this question is obvious -
I've never embedded python before and I am deciding of
it meets my needs.



My question is; is there a secure python interpreter
that prevents malicious code from using C/C++ modules
or built-in functions from causing damage to a users
system.


My objective is to have an embedded interpreted
language to drive all non CPU intensive application
behaviour with user / downloadable scripts to
customise the UI / scripting processing.

My concern with a simply embedding python is that this
would give arbitrary scripts the ability to make
system level changes (e.g. destructive abilities using
file access).  As I wish to encourage scripts to be
shared across the Internet this could not be
tolerated.

Python provides a very good script language to which I
can expose application specific functions/objects
using the already documented methods.  To use Python
with the above security restrictions I would need to
be able to disable all file / system built-ins when
running the interpreter across user scripts. In
addition, importing C/C++ functions would have to be
disabled as well.  As a complication, a set of
'approved C/C++ functions' such as numpy would need to
be supported in order to allow the user to do 'useful
processing' within the scripts driving the
application.

My naive solution would be to customise the
'PyImport_Import' and 'PyObject_CallObject' routines
used with user scripts so that:
--- an imported C/C++ module would be checked against
an approved list to prevent arbitrary C/C++ code from
being executed
--- built-in function calls would be checked against
an approved list to prevent system damaging calls from
being made
--- the application API that is exposed to the user
code must not expose to scripts a way of damaging
anything more than the data currently being
'processed'
--- the application would have to ensure that user
code is only executed within the secure interpreter
scope (e.g. not use callbacks to user script code
outside the secure interpreter)

Has the necessary secure python interpreter already
been created / a work in progress?



Many thanks for any advice you can give me,
Richard

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Re: mutable numeric type

2007-01-02 Thread Diez B. Roggisch

Helmut Jarausch schrieb:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>> Way to go.
>> Try doing this.
>> x = MutableNumeric(42)
>   ^^
> where is this defined?

In the OPs example.

Diez
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python2.5 frameobject - how to upgrade?

2007-01-02 Thread Helmut Jarausch

Hi,

I'd like to install a package ('rekall') which uses
frame->f_nlocals
which is no longer contained in frameobject.h

What's the recommended way to upgrade such an application?

Many thanks for a hint,

Helmut Jarausch

Lehrstuhl fuer Numerische Mathematik
RWTH - Aachen University
D 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Unsubscribing from the list

2007-01-02 Thread Dotan Cohen

I need to unsubscribe from this list. I've mailed
[EMAIL PROTECTED] but that did not unsubscribe me. I've
also gone to the list homepage and entered my user information, but
that just sent me a message that someone had tried to resubscribe this
username. What must one do to unsubscribe from python-list?

Thanks.

Dotan Cohen

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Re: Special Characters (Unicode, Ascii) in Python and MySQL

2007-01-02 Thread Carsten Haese

On Mon, 2007-01-01 at 21:57 -0800, ronrsr wrote:
> I have an MySQL database called zingers. The structure is:
> 
> zid - integer, key, autoincrement
> keyword - varchar
> citation - text
> quotation - text
> 
> I am having trouble storing text, as typed in latter two fields.
> Special characters and punctuation all seem not to be stored and
> retrieved correctly.
> 
> Special apostrophes and single quotes from Microsoft Word are causing a
> special problem, even though I have ''ed all 's
> 
> perhaps the encoding of the database itself should be different? it is
> currenlty latin_swedish_ci
> 
> Input and output is through a browser.
> 
> I think my problem may be that I need to encode the string before
> saving it in the databse. Can anyone point me in the right direction
> here?
> 
> 
> 
> here's the error message:
> 
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position
> 95: ordinal not in range(128)
>   args = ('ascii', "update zingers set keywords =
> 'a;Action;b;Religi... \n \n \n ' where zid = 422", 95, 96, 'ordinal not
> in range(128)')
>   encoding = 'ascii'
>   end = 96
>   object = "update zingers set keywords = 'a;Action;b;Religi... \n
> \n \n ' where zid = 422"
>   reason = 'ordinal not in range(128)'
>   start = 95
> 
> 
> 
> the characters I am trying to add are startquote and endquote copied
> and pasted from Microsoft Word.
> 
> 
> 
> Can anyone help me on this?

Apparently not, since you've already posted this problem on December
18th and got various responses. Did you read
http://effbot.org/pyfaq/how-do-i-escape-sql-values-when-using-the-db-api.htm as 
Fredrik suggested in the earlier thread?

-Carsten


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How to get BOOST working on XP and Visual C++ 2005

2007-01-02 Thread Osiris

My experiences with BOOST on Windows XP and Visual C++ 2005

I'm new to Python.
I built software in more than ten other computer languages. I'm not
sure if that is not a handicap, when reading documentation of a system
like BOOST.
However:
It took me more than four full working days to get a Python/C/C++
'hello world!' program to work. There is a lot of documentation, but
somehow it did not 'click' with my previous experience. I think the
doc was written by very, very capable C++ and Python programmers, who
forgot how the world was before they got involved with Python.
A teacher/doc writer should never forget that, I think.
Mind you: the documentation is all there. Stressing the word ALL.
There is a lot of documentation. Which makes it very difficult to
choose the right piece.

My project is, to use old and tested and stable and error-free C-code
in a website built with Zope (www.zope.org) and Plone (www.plone.org).
So I think, C-code can be wrapped in some C++ and then, with the help
of Boost, be called from Python. Python is important when using Plone.

So let me summarize what I found out.

BOOST is a system to combine Python and C++. Call C++ compiled code
from Python, which is interpreted.
In the end, BOOST is a sort of "make" facility like found on Linux
(and Windows). In Boost it is called, not 'make.exe', but 'bjam.exe'.
You define a list of operations, which bjam executes for you. It runs
from the command line (I grew up, IT-wise, in the DOS-era. Hurray), it
has no GUI-like Windows front-end.

So the first step is to get bjam.exe from the net. There are two ways
to get it:
1. download a ready-to-run bjam.exe from
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/boost/boost-jam-3.1.13-1-ntx86.zip?modtime=1149717367&big_mirror=0.
In the zip you will find the bjam.exe, which you put it in a place
where the system can always find it, like in c:\, or somewhere else in
the system's PATH.
2. download the sources for bjam.exe and build it yourself:
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/boost/boost-jam-3.1.13.zip?modtime=1149717465&big_mirror=0
. I recommend not to do this, if you don't have to. And on Windows XP,
you don't have to. You could spend a lot of time to figure out how to
set up things before even building bjam.exe.

The second step is to get Boost libraries. These are for combining
with your C/C++ source, so Python can access the C/C++ code.
You download this stuff from Sourceforge:
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/boost/boost_1_33_1.zip?modtime=1133816391&big_mirror=0
It is a zip file that you unzip to a convenient location. I unzipped
to D:\ so I got a folder named d:\boost_1_31_1 with all the stuff in
it. I renamed this folder to d:\boost, to get rid of all the messy
version numbers.
To build the boost libraries from these sources, you need bjam, and
bjam makes use of your C/C++ compiler. In my case that was Microsoft
Visual C++ 2005, which has version number 8.0.
Now you have to make bjam and Visual C++ acquainted with the location
of supporting software. I made a BAT file to do this. This is what is
in that .BAT file, named SET.BAT and which I put in D:\boost:

d:
cd \boost
call e:\msvc\vc\vcvarsall.bat
set VC80_ROOT=e:\msvc\vc
set TOOLS=vc-8_0
set PYTHON_ROOT=c:\python24
set PYTHON_VERSION=2.4

I explain:
e:\msvc is where I installed my Visual C++ system. The Microsoft
default location would be something like C:\Microsoft Visual C 2005\
etc, but I preferred D:\msvc.
Change the SET.BAT file as needed .
My IDLE (http://www.python.org/idle/) Python 2.4 is in C:\python24
The value 'vc-8_0' denotes the boost identification of my MS Visual
C++ system. If you use an other C++ system, it must be something else
(see http://www.boost.org/more/getting_started.html)

Now start a DOS box: Click the Start button in the lower left corner,
click on "run" and type "cmd".
There you switch to D:\ and change directory to \BOOST.
Execute the SET.BAT.
Then just type "bjam" (the system will find the program bjam itself,
because it is in the PATH)

Now get a lot of coffee, because the build will take a LONG time,
maybe 15 minutes or more.
You will see a lot of cpp-compiling and linking going on and some
warnings about 'deprecation', which are irrelevant.

When finished, keep the DOS box open. You will find BOOST stuff in
C:\boost, the default location for the compiling results.

Now try out an example. In the DOS box, go to
D:\boost\libs\python\example\tutorial, where you find a 'hello'
example and a Jamfile. Jamfile's are what a makefile is for make.: a
script for bjam to build all the 'hello' stuff needed for python.

Type 'bjam' again, and take a smaller amount of coffee. The system
will build the 'hello' stuff for you. Do not be alarmed about bjam
finding 1200+ 'targets' and rebuilding 40 of them, when only needing
to compile hello.cpp. this is normal behaviour.

When bjam has finished, you will find 'hello' stuff in the
unbelievably deep folder
D:\boost\libs\python\example\tutorial\bin\tutorial\hello.pyd\vc-8_0\debu

Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

2007-01-02 Thread Fuzzyman


Ben Sizer wrote:
[snip..]
> I have no problem with something being configurable, but I do have a
> problem with Windows users being forced to jump through unnecessary
> hoops that Unix and MacOS users don't have to endure. And I think the
> default should be to edit the PATH and allow you to explicitly disallow
> this: changing from the current behaviour is the right thing to do
> because the current behaviour is wrong, in terms of cross-platform
> compatibility and usability.
>

I strongly agree with these sentiments.

Fuzzyman
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles.shtml

> -- 
> Ben Sizer

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Re: mutable numeric type

2007-01-02 Thread Peter Otten

Andreas Beyer wrote:

> There has been quite some traffic about mutable and immutable data types
> on this list. I understand the issues related to mutable numeric data
> types. However, in my special case I don't see a better solution to the
> problem.
> Here is what I am doing:
> 
> I am using a third party library that is performing basic numerical
> operations (adding, multiplying, etc.) with objects of unknown type. Of
> course, the objects must support the numerical operators. In my case the
> third party library is a graph algorithm library and the assigned
> objects are edge weights. I am using the library to compute node
> distances, etc.
> 
> I would like to be able to change the edge weights after creating the
> edges. Otherwise, I would have to remove the edges and re-create them
> with the new values, which is quite costly. Since I also didn't want to
> change the code of the graph library, I came up with a mutable numeric
> type, which implements all the numerical operators (instances are of
> course not hashable). This allows me to change the edge weights after
> creating the graph.
> 
> I can do the following:
>  >>> x = MutableNumeric(10)
>  >>> y = MutableNumeric(2)
>  >>> x*y
> 20
>  >>> x.value = 1.3
>  >>> x*y
> 2.6001
>  >>>
> 
> The effect of numerical operations is determined by the contained basic
> data types:
>  >>> x.value = 3
>  >>> x/2
> 1
>  >>> x.value = 3.0
>  >>> x/2
> 1.5
>  >>>
> 
> Augmented operations change the instance itself:
>  >>> x.value = 0
>  >>> id(x)
> -1213448500
>  >>> x += 2
>  >>> x
> MutableNumeric(2)
>  >>> id(x) # show that same instance
> -1213448500
>  >>>
> 
> Is there anything wrong with such design? 

The library you are planning to feed with your mutable numbers has to be
designed with such somewhat unusual beasts in mind. For instance, it can no
longer cache intermediate values as their constituents may have changed
without notification.
Don't use that design unless the library's designers explicitly allow it or
at least after extensive testing. Be aware that in the latter case every
new version of the library may break your app beyond fixability.

> I am a bit surprised that 
> Python does not already come with such data type (which is really simple
> to implement). 

I'm guessing: Such a type is not normally useful -- and if you need it it is
really simple to implement :-)

Peter



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Re: Difference between init (again) and nothing ...

Stef Mientki a écrit :
> Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote:
> 
>> In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Stef Mientki wrote:
>>
>>> What's the difference between using __init__ and using nothing,
>>> as the examples below.
>>>
>>> class cpu:
>>>PC = 4
>>
>>
>> This is a *class attribute*.  It's the same for all instances of `cpu`.
>>
>>> class cpu:
>>>def __init__:
def __init__(self):
>>>  self.PC = 4

By convention, ALL_UPPER names have a 'symbolic constant' semantic. 
Since Python is a very 'free' language (no attribute access restriction, 
no symbolic constants etc), it *strongly* relies on conventions.


>>
>> This is an *instance attribute* which is set in every instance of `cpu`.
>>
> thanks Marc,
> 
> Oh so obvious, why didn't I discovered that myself ;-)

Perhaps because it may not be that obvious at first sight ?-)

(that is, until you really understand Python's object model, which is 
really different from most mainstream OOPLs object models...)
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Re: simple ftputil ssl client

2007-01-02 Thread Stefan Schwarzer

On 2006-12-31 19:27, Croteam wrote:
> I trying to make ftputil client that uses ssl security.First I was try
> to make that with M2Crypto,but
> when I use it, I get the error:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in -toplevel-
> import M2Crypto
>   File "C:\Python24\lib\site-packages\M2Crypto\__init__.py", line 15,
> in -toplevel-
> import m2
>   File "C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages\M2Crypto\m2.py", line 28, in
> -toplevel-
> from __m2crypto import *
> ImportError: DLL load failed with error code 182

It seems this problem has nothing to do with ftputil, so it might
be best to post the question on the failed import alone with a
subject like

ImportError for M2Crypto: "DLL load failed with error code 182"

or even, since a Google search implies the problem doesn't occur
only for M2Crypto,

ImportError: "DLL load failed with error code 182"

With the current subject, people may think "I don't know ftputil"
and don't read your posting at all.

You might ask the question with the above subject on the
Python-Crypto mailing list which seems to be the best place for
M2Crypto-related questions. You should tell the version of
M2Crypto and the operating system you use. By the way, have you
tried other M2Crypto versions?

Can you import the module when the current directory is the one
containing the DLL? To check, change to the directory and start
the interactive Python interpreter. (If you use an IDE or
something similar, as your traceback suggests, that program might
change the directory before the import statement runs.)
Additionally, you can try to modify sys.path to contain the path
of the DLL before invoking the import statement. See also my
response on the ftputil mailing list.

> ...so now I trying to make it with pyOpenSSL or twistedmatrix ssl,but I
> don't know how.If anybody
> have any idea or example how to I make it,please help me!!!

Now the part specific to ftputil ;-) ...

If you can't use M2Crypto, try to make sure that you have a class
which is compatible with ftplib.FTP. You can pass such a class as
session_factory to ftputil.FTPHost's constructor. If you don't
have such a class, you might be able to write it yourself.

Stefan

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Re: Difference between init (again) and nothing ...

Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote:
> In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Stef Mientki wrote:
> 
>> What's the difference between using __init__ and using nothing,
>> as the examples below.
>>
>> class cpu:
>>PC = 4
> 
> This is a *class attribute*.  It's the same for all instances of `cpu`.
> 
>> class cpu:
>>def __init__:
>>  self.PC = 4
> 
> This is an *instance attribute* which is set in every instance of `cpu`.
>
thanks Marc,

Oh so obvious, why didn't I discovered that myself ;-)

cheers,
Stef
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Re: mutable numeric type

2007-01-02 Thread Helmut Jarausch

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Way to go.
> Try doing this.
> x = MutableNumeric(42)
   ^^
where is this defined?

> y = x
> x += 42
> print y
> 


-- 
Helmut Jarausch

Lehrstuhl fuer Numerische Mathematik
RWTH - Aachen University
D 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

Tom Plunket wrote:
> vbgunz wrote:

> > Some if not most python documentation assumes Python is on the path...
>
> Really?  I must live in different places in the docs, but I can't recall
> encountering any such documentation.

I have posted a few examples above: "Installing Python Modules"
(http://python.org/doc/2.2.3/inst/inst.html) is a key example. 3rd
party packages often expect you to type "python setup.py install".
Setuptools/easyinstall will give you an 'easy_install' script, but then
notes that you have to manually fix up the PATH yourself.

> Users who want it in their paths are certainly capable of putting it
> there.

By that logic, users who want Python are probably capable of unzipping
the archive and putting it somewhere semi-suitable. So why provide an
installer?

If you're going to provide an installer, it should do the whole job,
and get Python in a state that is reasonably consistent across all
platforms, where practical. Adding to the PATH variable isn't
impractical.

> I am in the camp that detests apps that automatically install
> tons of crap everywhere without prompts.

Why use hyperbole here? Is 13 or 14 bytes optionally added to a single
environment variable "tons of crap"? And did anybody insist that the
installer would have no prompts?

> Certainly, though, the
> suggestion that one pane in the installer offer to put it in the path
> would leave the default as it is today ("don't edit PATH"), though,
> right?  Doesn't make a whole lot of sense to add a new option and
> default it to something completely different from the old behavior, does
> it?

I have no problem with something being configurable, but I do have a
problem with Windows users being forced to jump through unnecessary
hoops that Unix and MacOS users don't have to endure. And I think the
default should be to edit the PATH and allow you to explicitly disallow
this: changing from the current behaviour is the right thing to do
because the current behaviour is wrong, in terms of cross-platform
compatibility and usability.

-- 
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Re: Difference between init (again) and nothing ...

2007-01-02 Thread Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Stef Mientki wrote:

> What's the difference between using __init__ and using nothing,
> as the examples below.
> 
> class cpu:
>PC = 4

This is a *class attribute*.  It's the same for all instances of `cpu`.

> class cpu:
>def __init__:
>  self.PC = 4

This is an *instance attribute* which is set in every instance of `cpu`.

In [8]: class CPU_1:
   ...: PC = 4
   ...:

In [9]: class CPU_2:
   ...: def __init__(self):
   ...: self.PC = 4
   ...:

In [10]: a = CPU_1()

In [11]: b = CPU_1()

In [12]: a.PC, b.PC
Out[12]: (4, 4)

In [13]: CPU_1.PC = 3.5

In [14]: a.PC, b.PC
Out[14]: (3.5, 3.5)

In [15]: c = CPU_2()

In [16]: d = CPU_2()

In [17]: c.PC, d.PC
Out[17]: (4, 4)

In [18]: c.PC = 3.5

In [19]: c.PC, d.PC
Out[19]: (3.5, 4)

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: mutable numeric type

2007-01-02 Thread pgarrone

Way to go.
Try doing this.
x = MutableNumeric(42)
y = x
x += 42
print y

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Re: Why does Python never add itself to the Windows path?

robert wrote:
> Ben Sizer wrote:
> > My opinion is that this is not as big a problem as some may feel that
> > it is. Unlike Unix systems, the PATH variable is rarely used.
>
> It is a big problem.
>
> It is not less than the majority of Python users (at least those who do 
> things on the command line) who deal with multiple Python versions.

So you think most Python users have more than one version of Python
installed? I disagree - but even if it is true, how come this isn't a
big problem on Unix? Can you name a single distribution that doesn't
install Python to the path?

> This would create funny PATH variables - almost a "psychic behavior with 
> history".

It is quite trivial to see if Python is already on the path, and act
differently based on that.

> Windows is at all less a multi user system. I don't even know a case where 
> two (Python) Programmers use _one_ box and then also want separate Python's - 
> just know home mates (parasites) who occasionally share the web browser or 
> so...

So... that's another reason why there's rarely a problem in setting
that PATH variable.

> Linking also a default python.exe into the system32 upon a (non-default) 
> checkbox mark in the installer should be simple, clear and do everything what 
> 99.9% want - and most "compatible" to *nix.

No, it doesn't : the /scripts directory is also important for many
Python packages and that isn't addressed by shifting python.exe into
system32.

-- 
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Re: Unexpected output while walking dirs

2007-01-02 Thread Evan Carmi

wittempj  hotmail.com  gmail.com> writes:

> 
> If I do get this correct - you have files like \test\Mail\somename.msf
> and \test\Mail\somedirectory\someothername.msf, these files you want to
> move to \test\backup\timestamp\somename.msf and
> \test\backup\timestamp\somedirectory\someothername.msf.
> 
> In your code you start with collecting allfiles, and then you remove
> all except *,msf files. You can do this in one step to, by collecting
> only the wanted files in a listby applying the glob command from module
> glob :
> 
> allfiles = []
> for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=False):
> targetfiles = glob.glob(os.path.join(root,'*.msf'))
> allfiles += targetfiles
> 
> Now allfiles contains the list of .msf files down from directory
> specified in variable top. From here I would create a list of 2-tuples,
> with as first element the full original filename, and as second element
> the desired backupname. Note that in your code you call the clock in a
> for loop, this might result in more directories.
> 
> backuproot = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(top), 'backup-msf',
> time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S'))
> backupfilenames = []
> for f in allfiles:
> backupfilenames.append((f, os.path.join(backuproot,
> os.path.basename(f
> 
> >From here it is easy to do the move.
> 
Thanks so much for your help, you got me started and I finished it with some
help from others as well. For anyone interested the working code is:

--
#!/usr/bin/python
#Author: Evan Carmi
#Date: 20060102
#Purpose: To uncorrupt Mozilla Thunderbird mail index files.
#Version: 1.00
import os, time, glob
 
srcRoot = 'f:\\test\\mail'
backupRoot = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(srcRoot), 'backup-msf',
time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S'))
 
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(srcRoot, topdown=False):
sources = glob.glob(os.path.join(root,'*.msf'))
pairs = []
 
for source in sources:
# If srcRoot is /foo/bar and source is /foo/bar/baz, let relativeSource
equal /baz
#let relativeSource be equal to the remainder of source when you take
away len(srcRoot)
idx = len(srcRoot)
relativeSource = source[idx:]
 
# Then let destination equal /quux/baz if backupRoot is /quux
destination = backupRoot + relativeSource
# relativeSource begins with a path separator, so os.path.join will
misinterpret it.
 
pair = (source, destination)
pairs.append(pair)
 
for pair in pairs:
os.renames(*pair)
# This is functionally equivalent to os.renames(pair[0], pair[1])

--

Thanks, Evan

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Difference between init (again) and nothing ...