Announce: Linux Desktop Testing Project (LDTP) 0.8.0 released
We are proud to announce the release of LDTP 0.8.0. This release features number of important breakthroughs in LDTP as well as in the field of Test Automation. This release note covers a brief introduction on LDTP followed by the list of new features and major bug fixes which makes this new version of LDTP the best of the breed. Useful references have been included at the end of this article for those who wish to hack / use LDTP. About LDTP == Linux Desktop Testing Project is aimed at producing high quality test automation framework (C / Python) and cutting-edge tools that can be used to test Linux Desktop and improve it. It uses the Accessibility libraries to poke through the application's user interface. The framework also has tools to record test-cases based on user events in the interface of the application which is under testing. We strive to help in building a quality desktop. Whats new in this release... + Major performance enhancement In this release major contribution from Nagappan A [EMAIL PROTECTED]. Valgrinded LDTP engine and fixed lot of memory leaks in LDTP and improved the performance. + Palm Source testing team has contributed significant amount of code in ldtprunner and also reported all major issues to make LDTP execution engine more stable. + Added LDTP repository into to OpenSuSE build system. Packages will be available for SuSE 10.0, SuSE 10.1, OpenSuSE 10.2, OpenSuSE Factory, Fedora 4, Fedora 5, Fedora 6, Mandriva just on a single click. The OpenSuSE build system really rocks ;) + Bug fixes This version includes loads of bug fixes to address important issues like memory leak, API functionality, accessibility compatible issues etc., For a detailed list please refer to release notes section of our project site hosted in http://ldtp.freedesktop.org. Thanks to all the developers for their contribution and Guofu Xu (lavi) especially. Download source tarball - http://download.freedesktop.org/ldtp/0.x/0.8.x/ldtp-0.8.0.tar.gz LDTP news = * LDTP packages are now built through OpenSuSE build system - http://software.opensuse.org/download/home:/anagappan/ * Accessibility test suite by Rodney Dawes (dobey) - http://webcvs.freedesktop.org/ldtp/a11y-test-suite/ LDTP Recording demo === Record / Playback of scripts - http://people.freedesktop.org/~nagappan/ldtpguidemo.html References == For detailed information on LDTP framework and latest updates visit http://ldtp.freedesktop.org For information on various APIs in LDTP including those added for this release can be got from http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/user-doc/index.html To subscribe to LDTP mailing lists, visit http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/Mailing_20list IRC Channel - #ldtp on irc.freenode.net For suggestions to improve this newsletter, please write to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Nagappan A [EMAIL PROTECTED] Linux Desktop Testing Project - http://ldtp.freedesktop.org http://nagappanal.blogspot.com Novell, Inc. SUSE® Linux Enterprise 10 Your Linux is ready™ http://www.novell.com/linux -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Does Python have equivalent to MATLAB varargin, varargout, nargin, nargout?
Ok, thx But can I somehow determing how many outputs does caller func require? for example: MATLAB: function [objFunVal firstDerive secondDerive] = simpleObjFun(x) objFunVal = x^3; if nargout1 firstDerive = 3*x^2; end if nargout2 secondDerive = 6*x; end So if caller wants only [objFunVal firstDerive] = simpleObjFun(15) than 2nd derivatives don't must to be calculated with wasting cputime. Is something like that in Python? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to test if one dict is subset of another?
Hi,
I have some code that does, essentially, the following:
- gather information on tens of thousands of items (in this case, jobs
running on a
compute cluster)
- store the information as a list (one per job) of Job items
(essentially wrapped
dictionaries mapping attribute names to values)
and then does some computations on the data. One of the things the
code needs to do, very often, is troll through the list and find jobs
of a certain class:
for j in jobs:
if (j.get('user') == 'jeff' and j.get('state')=='running') :
do_something()
This operation is ultimately the limiting factor in the performance.
What I would like to try, if it is possible, is instead do something
like this:
if j.subset_attr({'user' : 'jeff', 'state' : 'running'}) :
do_something()
where subset_attr would see if the dict passed in was a subset of the
underlying attribute dict of j:
j1's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 43, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'running' }
j2's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 57, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'queued' }
so in the second snippet, if j was j1 then subset_attr would return
true, for j2 the answer would be false (because of the 'state' value
not being the same).
Any suggestions? Constraint : the answer has to work for both python
2.2 and 2.3 (and preferably all pythons after that).
JT
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
Steven W. Orr schrieb:
I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the
table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into
an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen
anything on how to do this in python.
def f():
pass
fmap = { key: f }
fmap[key]()
Diez
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
Steven W. Orr wrote: I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen anything on how to do this in python. Do you mean something like that? # test.py def fun1(): return fun1 def fun2(): return fun2 def fun3(): return fun3 # list of functions dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] tab = range(len(dsp)) print dsp[tab[2]]() # dictionary of functions d = dict([(fname, f) for fname, f in globals().items() if callable(f)]) tab = [fname for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] print d[tab[2]]() -- HTH, Rob -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to test if one dict is subset of another?
Jay Tee schrieb:
Hi,
I have some code that does, essentially, the following:
- gather information on tens of thousands of items (in this case, jobs
running on a
compute cluster)
- store the information as a list (one per job) of Job items
(essentially wrapped
dictionaries mapping attribute names to values)
and then does some computations on the data. One of the things the
code needs to do, very often, is troll through the list and find jobs
of a certain class:
for j in jobs:
if (j.get('user') == 'jeff' and j.get('state')=='running') :
do_something()
This operation is ultimately the limiting factor in the performance.
What I would like to try, if it is possible, is instead do something
like this:
if j.subset_attr({'user' : 'jeff', 'state' : 'running'}) :
do_something()
where subset_attr would see if the dict passed in was a subset of the
underlying attribute dict of j:
This would still need to run over all items in jobs. No gain.
j1's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 43, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'running' }
j2's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 57, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'queued' }
so in the second snippet, if j was j1 then subset_attr would return
true, for j2 the answer would be false (because of the 'state' value
not being the same).
If you're jobs dictionary is immutable regarding the key-set (not from
it's implementation, but from its usage), the thing you can do to
enhance performance is to create an index. Take a predicate like
def p(j):
return j.get('user') == 'jeff'
and build a list
jeffs_jobs = [j for j in jobs if p(j)]
Then you can test only over these. Alternatively, if you have quite a
few of such predicate/action-pairs, try and loop once over all jobs,
applynig the predicates and actions accordingly.
Diez
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
Steven W. Orr [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen anything on how to do this in python. func_array = [f1, f2, f3]# array of functions index = table_lookup() func_array[index](x,y,z) # select a function and call it -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Building Python Pagage for Newer Python Version
Hi, I have just downloaded the source for PyXML-0.8.4, which I would like to build for Python 2.5. How exactly do I go about doing this? Thanks for your help, Barry. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: java2python 0.2
On 19 Feb., 15:38, Troy Melhase [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: java2python - Java to Python Source Code Translator --- java2python 0.2 Released 18 February 2007 What is java2python? -- java2python is a simple but effective tool to translate Java source code into Python source code. It's not perfect, and does not aspire to be. What's new in this release? -- Small enhancement: added converstion of public static void main method into module if __name__ == '__main__' block. Better classmethod support: fixed class/instance member formatting strings to account for classmethods. Slightly more pythonic: replace x == None expressions with x is None in output code, also replace x != None with x is not None. Bugfix: Fixed dotted type identifiers. Better exception translation: added support for mapping java exception types to python exception types. Support for non-local base class members: added support for base class members via config modules. Bugfix: changed single % characters to %% in expression format strings. Small enhancement: added support for 'methodPreambleSorter' configuration item. With this value, config modules can specify how to sort method preambles (typically decorators). Where can I get java2python? -- java2python is available for download from Google code: http://code.google.com/p/java2python/downloads/list Project page: http://code.google.com/p/java2python/ How do I use java2python? -- Like this: $ j2py -i input_file.java -o output_file.py The command has many options, and supports customization via multiple configuration modules. What are the requirements? -- java2python requires Python 2.5 or newer. Previous versions may or may not work. java2python requires ANTLR and PyANTLR to translate code, but translated code does not require ANTLR. What else? -- java2python is installed with distutils. Refer to the Python distutils documentation for more information. The digest version is: $ tar xzf java2python-0.2.tar.gz $ cd java2python-0.2 $ python setup.py install java2python is licensed under the GNU General Public License 2.0. No license is assumed of (or applied to) translated source. I'm very interested in your experience with java2python. Please drop me an note with any feedback you have. Troy Melhase mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] application_pgp-signature_part 1KHerunterladen Hi Troy. What is the rationale for your project? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Does Python have equivalent to MATLAB varargin, varargout, nargin, nargout?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ok, thx But can I somehow determing how many outputs does caller func require? for example: MATLAB: function [objFunVal firstDerive secondDerive] = simpleObjFun(x) objFunVal = x^3; if nargout1 firstDerive = 3*x^2; end if nargout2 secondDerive = 6*x; end So if caller wants only [objFunVal firstDerive] = simpleObjFun(15) than 2nd derivatives don't must to be calculated with wasting cputime. Is something like that in Python? For a sequence whose items are to be calulated on demand you would typically use a generator in Python. You still have to provide the number of items somehow (see the head() helper function). from itertools import islice def derive(f, x0, eps=1e-5): while 1: yield f(x0) def f(x, f=f): return (f(x+eps) - f(x)) / eps def head(items, n): return tuple(islice(items, n)) if __name__ == __main__: def f(x): return x**6 print head(derive(f, 1), 4) Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
distutils and paths
Hi there. I played with distutils for some hours but I didn't figured out how to solve this problem so I would really be thankful if someone could help me out. My package is structured as follows: setup.py | mypkg | | | __init__.py | library.py | test | | | test.py | doc | doc.html doc_files | doc.css By using setup.py script I would like to copy test and doc directories (and all files contained in them) into Python's site- package directory (on Windows C:\Python2x\Lib\site-packages\mypkg, on unix /usr/lib/python2.x/site-packages/mypkg.) Could someone point me in the right direction, please? Thanks in advance. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
(beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
I have class A: def __init__(self, objFun, x0): #(I want to have self.primal.f = objFun) #both self.primal.f = objFun #and self.primal = None self.primal.f = objFun yields error what should I do? Thx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
timeout in urllib.open()
Hi all, is there a way to modify the time a call of urllib.open(...) waits for an answer from the other side? Have a tool which automatically checks a list of websites for certain content. The tool hangs when one of the contacted websites behaves badly and never answers... Thanks and regards -stefan- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Django, one more newbie question
Boris Ozegovic [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Umm, can somebody tell me which language is this one: pNo polls are available./p English? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have class A: def __init__(self, objFun, x0): #(I want to have self.primal.f = objFun) #both self.primal.f = objFun #and self.primal = None self.primal.f = objFun None is a singleton, so if Python were to allow the above f would always be the objFun of the last created A instance. yields error what should I do? Make a dedicated Primal class: class Primal: ... pass ... class A: ... def __init__(self, fun, x0): ... self.primal = Primal() ... self.primal.f = fun ... def square(x): return x*x ... a = A(square, 42) a.primal.f function square at 0x401d609c Even better, because it makes no assumptions about the internal layout of Primal: class Primal: def __init__(self, f): self.f = f ... self.primal = Primal(fun) ... Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to test if one dict is subset of another?
Jay Tee wrote:
Hi,
I have some code that does, essentially, the following:
- gather information on tens of thousands of items (in this case, jobs
running on a
compute cluster)
- store the information as a list (one per job) of Job items
(essentially wrapped
dictionaries mapping attribute names to values)
and then does some computations on the data. One of the things the
code needs to do, very often, is troll through the list and find jobs
of a certain class:
for j in jobs:
if (j.get('user') == 'jeff' and j.get('state')=='running') :
do_something()
This operation is ultimately the limiting factor in the performance.
What I would like to try, if it is possible, is instead do something
like this:
if j.subset_attr({'user' : 'jeff', 'state' : 'running'}) :
do_something()
where subset_attr would see if the dict passed in was a subset of the
underlying attribute dict of j:
j1's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 43, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'running' }
j2's dict : { 'user' : 'jeff', 'start' : 57, 'queue' : 'qlong',
'state' : 'queued' }
so in the second snippet, if j was j1 then subset_attr would return
true, for j2 the answer would be false (because of the 'state' value
not being the same).
Any suggestions? Constraint : the answer has to work for both python
2.2 and 2.3 (and preferably all pythons after that).
Use a RDBMS (a database), they tend to be good at this kind of operations.
Peter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Free URL Submission, Forum, Free Ebooks, Articles
Free URL Submission, Forum, Free Ebooks, Articles. http://www.aonearticles.com. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
Stefan Palme wrote: is there a way to modify the time a call of urllib.open(...) waits for an answer from the other side? Have a tool which automatically checks a list of websites for certain content. The tool hangs when one of the contacted websites behaves badly and never answers... I believe this can only be set globally: import socket socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds) Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Choices: scipy, matplot ...
Hi, I would like to do some real time signal processing with a graphical display and I would like your advice as to what I should use. I would like to be able to view the results and to change parameters of some signal processing in 'real time'. Data is coming quite slowly in every 1-5 seconds and will consist of (x,y,t). I have been thinking about SciPy or matplot, but am not restricting myself to these (or even Python). Thank you for any advice, Douglas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
Uuuh this is no solution for me, because the website-checking tool is part of a very very big application running in an application server, so globally setting the timeout may break a lot of other things... But when there is a default timeout (as indicated by the method name) - isn't there a per-socket timeout too? -stefan- I believe this can only be set globally: import socket socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds) Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Embedded and extending python 2.5: trouble with __main__ in PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags?
Hi Python fans,
I am developing a DLL that is loaded by a host application on windows.
I'm using python 2.5.
My DLL uses an embedded python interpreter which can access the host
application through an API which I have exposed using SWIG 1.3.31.
Therefore I have both extended and embedded Python at once: the SWIG
generated code is statically linked into my DLL, and one of the
functions in my DLL executes PyRun_SimpleFile.
Using python25_d.dll, I stepped through some python code to understand
what is happening, and it appears that PyRun_SimpleFile is returning
-1 because python cannot create the module __main__.
Here's the code from pythonrun.c:
int
PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags(FILE *fp, const char *filename, int closeit,
PyCompilerFlags *flags)
{
PyObject *m, *d, *v;
const char *ext;
m = PyImport_AddModule(__main__);
if (m == NULL)
return -1;
.
.
.
}
BTW, PyImport_AddModule fails because deeper down a dictionary check fails:
if (!PyDict_Check(op))
return NULL;
Can someone suggest what I need to do to get this to work?
Here are the relevant lines from my code:
if (GetOpenFileName(ofn)==TRUE)
{
Py_Initialize();
init_mymodule(); // SWIG generated method
PyObject* PyFileObject = PyFile_FromString(ofn.lpstrFile, r);
if (PyRun_SimpleFile(PyFile_AsFile(PyFileObject),
ofn.lpstrFile)==-1)
{
MessageBox(NULL, error running script, Python,
MB_ICONERROR);
}
Py_DECREF(PyFileObject);
Py_Finalize();
}
Thanks.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
Stefan Palme wrote: (top-posting undone) [Peter] I believe this can only be set globally: import socket socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds) [Stefan] Uuuh this is no solution for me, because the website-checking tool is part of a very very big application running in an application server, so globally setting the timeout may break a lot of other things... But when there is a default timeout (as indicated by the method name) - isn't there a per-socket timeout too? Yes, but it isn't as easily available... Perhaps you find some ideas here: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2007-February/070897.html Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
writing a file:newbie question
Hi, i have a file test.txt and it contains a list of strings say,,, a,b,c,d,a1,b1,c1,d1,a2,b2,c2,d2, i would like to write the file as a,b,c,d a1,b1,c1,d1 a2,b2,c2,d2 and would like to delete the comma at the end. if soneone knows pls help me,,, kavitha - Heres a new way to find what you're looking for - Yahoo! Answers -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ipython shortcut to reload modules
Hey! I'm using ipython as my python shell and often run scripts with the magic command %run: In [1]: %run script.py If modules are loaded within the script these are not reloaded when I rerun the script. Hence, when I changed some of the modules loaded, I have to call In [2]: reload(module1) Out [2]: module 'module1' from In [3]: reload(module2) Out [3]: module 'module2' from ... In [4]: %run script.py Is there a shortshut to reload the modules automatically before rerunning the script? In case of names imported from modules into the shell environment I have to reload and re-import in order to have the changes available: In [5]: from module1 import * In [6]: reload(module1) In [7]: from module1 import * Is there a shortcut to force a reload of loaded modules and re- defining the names loaded with fromimport...? Thanks! Bernhard -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to test if one dict is subset of another?
On Feb 19, 11:07 am, Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Use a RDBMS (a database), they tend to be good at this kind of operations. yeah, one of the options is metakit ... sqlite and buzhug both looked promising but the constraint of pythons 2.2 and 2.3 ruled that out. disadvantage of metakit is that it's not pure python, meaning possible integration problems. the system has to be deployed at 200+ sites worldwide on a mix of RHEL 3 and 4 based systems, with some Debian clusters thrown in, and running real production ... hence my desire to find a pure-python solution if at all possible. it's looking grim. JT -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On Feb 17, 1:34 am, Stef Mientki [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: - designing the GUI will cost me about 2 .. 3 times as much in Python Use a design tool like GLADE for PyGTK, wxGlade for wxPython or Komodo for tkinter. The more of the GUI code you can remove from your functional code the better. GUI code tends to clutter up the functional code. Have you ever tried to make changes in an MFC project? The optimal solutions are Microsoft's 'Avalon' and GTK/ libglade, where all GUI code are placed inside an XML resource. The second thing is that GUIs are made very differently in Python and traditional Windows tools like Delphi and VS.NET. Most Python toolkit have a concept of 'layout managers' that will size and lay out the widgets for you. In Delphi and VB you will typically drag and drop controls on a form, and use anchors and docking and manually size the controls. You are therefore much more dependent on graphical GUI design in these environments. In Python toolkits, the layout manager do all this work for you. Layout managers are also found in Java toolkits like Swing and SWT. In order to make effective GUIs in Python you must learn to use these, and forget about all the bad habits Delphi thought you. Try to imagine the GUI as a tree of containers, where the widgets reside on the leafs, instead of controls dropped on a form. When you can do that in your head, you can make GUIs more quickly in Python than VB or Delphi. The main advantages to using layout managers are: GUIs are less tedious to develop, you don't have to worry about resizing and adapting to different screen sizes, and large projects become easier to maintain. - Python is not capable of doing everything I need (almost all interactive actions are very primitive and crashes a lot) - designing my other functional code in Python, will reduce the development time with an estimated factor of 2 So the combination of Delphi (or VB) and Python seems the optimal combination for heavily GUI's. - one of the big problems with Python is the version differences (compatibility) In one of the other threads, Dabo was meant as a GUI designer, I tried it yesterday, and although it looks very promising, at the moment this is not a graphical design environment, just a complex (compared to Delphi) design environment with graphical feedback. Just my 2 cents ;-) (although others in this group will definitely have a different opinion), the beautiful thing about Python is, that you can easily embed /encapsulate it in VB, giving you the best of both worlds. Why would one go thru the pain of embedding Python in VB (if that's even possible) when Python can directly access the Win32 API and all COM components and have bindings for GUI toolkits like wxWidgets ? Pain of embedding ? About 10 lines of code, which you find ready to use on the web ;-) And the performance is fantastic ! (I even use it for realtime, as a complete replacement for MatLab and LabView) Bruno, I think we've a different audience / target application, and at the moment we'll never agree about GUI, but I promise that'll try the different Python graphics in the future, and you will be the first to hear if my current conclusions are wrong. cheers, Stef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On Feb 16, 11:12 pm, Bruno Desthuilliers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: GUI based programming languages ? What's that ? LabView -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 'import dl' on AMD64 platform
On Feb 19, 6:30 am, Nick Craig-Wood [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: John Pye [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: application from running on the Debian Etch AMD64 platform. It seems that the 'dl' module is not available on that platform. The only reason I need the 'dl' module, however, is for the values of RTLD_LAZY etc, which I use with sys.setdlopenflags() in order to make my imported SWIG module share its symbols correctly with more deeply- nested plugin modiles in my C-code layer. I wonder if there is a workaround for this -- perhaps another way to access the values of those RTLD flags? Read stuff out of /usr/include/bits/dlfcn.h ? It seems to be a constant 1 anyway #define RTLD_LAZY 0x1 You could try compiling the dl module by hand. Well yes, and that's the workaround I came up with: for systems that don't provide the 'dl' module, I just default to the values I found on my linux (ubuntu) system. This is a nasty hack however. I wonder if anyone could say why the Debian people left out this important module from their AMD64 platform? Cheers JP -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
Thx but is there any simpleir way, if using not class, but just struct (or something like that, MATLAB equivalent for that one)? I'm thinking of rewriting some optimization solvers (non-smooth, constrained, with (sub)gradients or patterns provided by user) to Python and I don't know currently is it possible to easy convert things like prob = []; prob.advanced.ralg.hs = 1 (so in this line all subfields are generating automatically in MATLAB or Octave) I have huge amount of such lines, and implementing separate class for each one is unreal. Thank you in advance, Dmitrey -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Choices: scipy, matplot ...
On Feb 19, 11:34 am, dug [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I would like to do some real time signal processing with a graphical display and I would like your advice as to what I should use. I would like to be able to view the results and to change parameters of some signal processing in 'real time'. Data is coming quite slowly in every 1-5 seconds and will consist of (x,y,t). I have been thinking about SciPy or matplot, but am not restricting myself to these (or even Python). You will need: - Python 25 - NumPy - SciPy (possibly) - Matplotlib (for graphing) - PyGTK or wxPython (for the rest of the GUI) Finally you need something to make Python talk to your hardware. Pick one of the following, dependent on your need and skills: - ctypes - pyrex - inlined C with scipy.weave - autogenerated wrappers with swig - hand-written Python extension in C - hand-written Python extension in C++ (CXX or Boost.Python) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
[Peter] I believe this can only be set globally: import socket socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds) [Stefan] ... But when there is a default timeout (as indicated by the method name) - isn't there a per-socket timeout too? [Peter] Yes, but it isn't as easily available... Perhaps you find some ideas here: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2007-February/070897.html Thanks, will have a look at this. Regards -stefan- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to test if one dict is subset of another?
Jay Tee wrote:
On Feb 19, 11:07 am, Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Use a RDBMS (a database), they tend to be good at this kind of
operations.
yeah, one of the options is metakit ... sqlite and buzhug both looked
promising but the constraint of pythons 2.2 and 2.3 ruled that out.
disadvantage of metakit is that it's not pure python, meaning possible
integration problems. the system has to be deployed at 200+ sites
worldwide on a mix of RHEL 3 and 4 based systems, with some Debian
clusters thrown in, and running real production ...
hence my desire to find a pure-python solution if at all possible.
it's looking grim.
The following may speed up things a bit if you have enough memory and your
data is queried more often than changed.
import sys
def generate_id():
for i in xrange(sys.maxint):
yield i
raise ImplementationRestriction
get_id = generate_id().next
class Record(dict):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
dict.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
assert not hasattr(self, _id)
self._id = get_id()
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
raise ImmutableException
def __hash__(self):
return self._id
def __str__(self):
items = self.items()
items.sort()
return , .join([%s: %s % p for p in items])
records = dict.fromkeys([
Record(user=jack, start=42, state=running),
Record(user=jack, start=47, state=running),
Record(user=jack, start=46, state=queued),
Record(user=jane, start=42, state=running),
Record(user=jane, start=7),
])
def fill_cache(records):
cache = {}
for record in records:
for p in record.iteritems():
cache.setdefault(p, {})[record] = None
return cache
_cache = fill_cache(records)
def select(*data, **kw):
[data] = data
result = data
for p in kw.iteritems():
try:
c = _cache[p]
except KeyError:
c = {}
if not c:
return {}
result = dict.fromkeys([k for k in result if k in c])
if not result:
break
return result
if __name__ == __main__:
for filter in [
dict(user=jack),
dict(state=running),
dict(user=jack, state=running),
dict(state=undefined),
dict(user=jane, state=queued)
]:
print --- %s --- % Record(filter)
result = select(records, **filter)
if result:
for record in result:
print record
else:
print #no matching records
print
The above code runs with Python 2.3; don't know about 2.2 as I don't have it
on my machine. Of course with sets it would look better...
Peter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thx but is there any simpleir way, if using not class, but just struct (or something like that, MATLAB equivalent for that one)? I'm thinking of rewriting some optimization solvers (non-smooth, constrained, with (sub)gradients or patterns provided by user) to Python and I don't know currently is it possible to easy convert things like prob = []; prob.advanced.ralg.hs = 1 (so in this line all subfields are generating automatically in MATLAB or Octave) I have huge amount of such lines, and implementing separate class for each one is unreal. Get used to thinking of a class as a lightweight construct written with well-defined constraints rather than some know-it-all can-do-everything unwieldy monster. You can of course use one class throughout class Struct: ... def __init__(self, **kw): ... self.__dict__.update(kw) ... a = Struct(f=42) b = Struct(x=1, y=2) a.f 42 b.x, b.y (1, 2) but separate classes don't require much more effort and make your code both more readable and more flexible. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ocaml to python
Is there any way to convert ocaml code to python? but not manually thx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
World Funniest Video
you can find here the World Funniest Video at http://www.supperlaffn.blogspot.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
Thx but is there any simpleir way, if using not class, but just struct (or something like that, MATLAB equivalent for that one)? I'm thinking of rewriting some optimization solvers (non-smooth, constrained, with (sub)gradients or patterns provided by user) to Python and I don't know currently is it possible to easy convert things like prob = []; prob.advanced.ralg.hs = 1 (so in this line all subfields are generating automatically in MATLAB or Octave) I have huge amount of such lines, and implementing separate class for each one is unreal. Thank you in advance, Dmitrey -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Free Url submission, Forum, Free Ebooks, Articles etc
Free Url submission, Forum, Free Ebooks, Articles etc.. http://www.aonearticles.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: java2python 0.2
Hi Troy. What is the rationale for your project? Hi Kay, I maintain a python port of a java library. It finally got too complicated to do by hand, so I wrote java2python to make my life easier. I wrote more extensively about the library and this tool in my blog: http://blog.melhase.net/articles/2007/02/15/automated-translation-of-java-to-python I haven't documented the tool and all of it's configuration options in detail; please let me know if I can explain something further. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
On Mon, 19 Feb 2007 00:16:39 -0800, Rob Wolfe wrote: Steven W. Orr wrote: I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen anything on how to do this in python. Do you mean something like that? # test.py def fun1(): return fun1 def fun2(): return fun2 def fun3(): return fun3 # list of functions dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] Hmmm... when I try that, I get dozens of other functions, not just fun1, fun2 and fun3. And not just functions either; I also get classes. Does Python have a function that will read my mind and only return the objects I'm thinking of? -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Mon, 19 Feb 2007 00:16:39 -0800, Rob Wolfe wrote: Steven W. Orr wrote: I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen anything on how to do this in python. Do you mean something like that? # test.py def fun1(): return fun1 def fun2(): return fun2 def fun3(): return fun3 # list of functions dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] Hmmm... when I try that, I get dozens of other functions, not just fun1, fun2 and fun3. And not just functions either; I also get classes. Oh, really? Where are these _other_ functions and classes in *MY* example? Does Python have a function that will read my mind and only return the objects I'm thinking of? Your sarcasm is unnecessary. Using of `globals` function was easier to write this example. That's all. -- Rob -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
On Feb 19, 11:47 pm, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Mon, 19 Feb 2007 00:16:39 -0800, Rob Wolfe wrote: Steven W. Orr wrote: I have a table of integers and each time I look up a value from the table I want to call a function using the table entry as an index into an array whose values are the different functions. I haven't seen anything on how to do this in python. Do you mean something like that? # test.py def fun1(): return fun1 def fun2(): return fun2 def fun3(): return fun3 # list of functions dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] Hmmm... when I try that, I get dozens of other functions, not just fun1, fun2 and fun3. And not just functions either; I also get classes. Does Python have a function that will read my mind and only return the objects I'm thinking of? Yup. Stevens_mind = rfun[1-3]$ After if callable(f), put and re.match(Stevens_mind, fname) and not isinstance(f, type) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Building Python Pagage for Newer Python Version
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have just downloaded the source for PyXML-0.8.4, which I would like to build for Python 2.5. How exactly do I go about doing this? python2.5 setup.py install usually does the trick. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyDev on Mac
On Feb 18, 12:01 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ahmer schrieb: On Feb 18, 4:50 am, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ahmer schrieb: I've been trying to set up PyDev on my new MacBook Pro, but i have not had an success. Could you please help! Just wait until my crystal ball comes back from the cleaners, and I will start looking at your problem. As you can lay back and do nothing while that happens, I suggest you take this highly entertaining read: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html Diez The main problem seems to be locating Python. Even though I installed the official python for mac, it says the interpreter is invalid. So I tried jPython, no succes on that either. It always tells me I am using an invlaid interpreter. crystal ball still not available. Who tells you what exactly when you do what? Is there a shell-script involved, what happens if you enter python at the commandline and press return? All this are uneccessary guessing games because you don't give enough context. Which is one of the many things mentioned on the site I suggested you to read. So I think you should read it again. Diez Pythin runs but PyDev won't use the inerpreter. It gives me an error saying I'm using an invalid interpreter. Is there a way to do this using jPython? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On Feb 17, 3:22 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am VB6 programmer and wants to start new programming language but i am unable to deciced. i have read about Python, Ruby and Visual C++. but i want to go through with GUI based programming language like VB.net so will you please guide me which GUI based language has worth with complete OOPS Characteristics will wait for the answer hope to have a right direction from you Programmer Regards Iftikhar [EMAIL PROTECTED] There is no other GUI based programming language like VB. That's because there is no such thing as a GUI based programming language. If you want to learn a real general purpose programming language try learning python. If you are only interested in making GUI's for windows applications, better stick with VB or any of the other .NET languages. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: search cursor in pythonwin 2.1
On Feb 18, 2:19 pm, Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: En Sun, 18 Feb 2007 13:12:20 -0300, GISDude [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: I am a GIS(geographic information systems) Analyst and in our software(ESRI ARCGIS 9.1) ESRI has implemented Python 2.1 as the scripting language of choice. In my script I'm going thru a dbf file and extracting NON-NULL values in a field. What I need to do with that is create a new dbf table with the values I found in it. I think you should either read the ArcGis documentation, or post your question in a specilized forum. Your problem is not about Python itself, but on how to use the esriGeoprocessing object. GP.Select_Analysis(neighborhoods.shp, neighborhoods_names.shp, ' Names \ null\ ') #at this point I'm stuck. how do I query out a NON- NULL value? #or a value in the Names field? As a side note, on a standard SQL database, the condition would read Names IS NOT NULL, but I don't know if this is applicable or not. -- Gabriel Genellina Gabriel, Thanks for the reply. After looking at the docs again, you are correct NAMES IS NOT NULL would be the correct syntax. I thought it was NAMES NULL Thanks again -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Threads
Great, thanks for the tip Gabriel! On 2/18/07, Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: En Sun, 18 Feb 2007 23:37:02 -0300, Sick Monkey [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Well if this cannot be done, can a thread call a function in the main method? I have been trying and have not been successive. Perhaps I am using thread incorrectly. The safe way to pass information between threads is to use Queue. From inside the working thread, you put() an item with enough state information. On the main (GUI) thread, you use after() to check for any data in the queue, and then update the interfase accordingly. I think there is a recipe in the Python Cookbook http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
Muntasir Azam Khan wrote: On Feb 17, 3:22 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am VB6 programmer and wants to start new programming language but i am unable to deciced. i have read about Python, Ruby and Visual C++. but i want to go through with GUI based programming language like VB.net so will you please guide me which GUI based language has worth with complete OOPS Characteristics will wait for the answer hope to have a right direction from you Programmer Regards Iftikhar [EMAIL PROTECTED] There is no other GUI based programming language like VB. That's because there is no such thing as a GUI based programming language. If you want to learn a real general purpose programming language try learning python. If you are only interested in making GUI's for windows applications, better stick with VB or any of the other .NET languages. It's also worth remembering that you can use COM to drive a VB interface from Python, and of course there's now IronPython that allows you to use .NET-based interfaces directly. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC/Ltd http://www.holdenweb.com Skype: holdenweb http://del.icio.us/steve.holden Blog of Note: http://holdenweb.blogspot.com See you at PyCon? http://us.pycon.org/TX2007 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On 16 Feb, 21:22, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am VB6 programmer and wants to start new programming language Why? What is causing you to do this, and what do you need to achieve by doing it? i want to go through with GUI based programming language like VB.net GUI-based is fairly unimportant as it's just how you build your programs, not what they do afterwards. VB is GUI-based, Python can be GUI-based but is usually fairly text-based. What's probably more significant here is whether the resulting program runs in a GUI or not. VB obviously does, on the Windows desktop. Java also has a sizable market for cross-platform GUI applications. In many ways Java is more capable than VB, but also far less easy to work with for rapid simple applications (I'd take 10 year old VB over GridBag any time!). GUI programs are less important now than they were a few years ago, owing to the huge importance of the web and HTML. Although HTML can still be seen as GUI, it really needs to be worked with at the raw HTML source level (at least for quality work). This doesn't need any sort of GUI built into the language, so Python (or Ruby or Perl) are ideal. With the rise of AJAX toolkits, we're finally seeing HTML as a GUI turn into a workable choice for building sophisticated GUI apps in a sensible amount of time. Finally! The tools used here depend significantly on the toolkits used and it's still early days to pick winners. If I had to write Windows-only desktop GUI apps, then I'd stick with VB6 (which I wrote for years) or whatever M$oft decree to be its moral successor. Actually I'd probably stick with VB6 If I had to write cross-platform GUI desktop apps, then I'd be looking at whatever the favoured toolkit for Java is this week. Maybe Swing, if I wanted to get a paid job using it. Java Web Start needs looking at too. If I just had to make a sophisiticated GUI app appear on a lot of corporate desktops, then it would probably be based on Java Server Faces. For nearly all of the choices above, the language part of the task is minor in comparison to tiresome GUI building. That's just the way commerce works, and why we don't all get to write everything in Scheme or Haskell. If I had a free hand in writing better shell scripts, or in writing moderately complex algorithms with no visible UI, then I have chosen Python. It beats the hell out of Perl and is (AFAICS) better than Ruby. For building web reporting apps that generate HTML, then I'm also choosing to use my sparse Python knowledge rather than my substantial Java / JSP knowledge. Seems to be working so far. For web-hosted GUI apps, I don't know enough about Python to say. Doesn't look like it beats JSF though. There's also the question of what OOP means. For the mainstream languages, then classic statically-typed OO is done best by writing in Java. This has a cleaner OOP language design than C++, the benefit of a decade's hindsight and a clean slate. Dynamically or duck-typed languages like Python and Ruby are quite different from this. It's still OOP, but not how your uncle Bjarne knew it. Quite a culture shock too. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Does Python have equivalent to MATLAB varargin, varargout, nargin, nargout?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ok, thx But can I somehow determing how many outputs does caller func require? for example: MATLAB: function [objFunVal firstDerive secondDerive] = simpleObjFun(x) objFunVal = x^3; if nargout1 firstDerive = 3*x^2; end if nargout2 secondDerive = 6*x; end So if caller wants only [objFunVal firstDerive] = simpleObjFun(15) than 2nd derivatives don't must to be calculated with wasting cputime. Is something like that in Python? Return an object with each of the results objFunVal, firstDerive, and secondDerive as attributes (or a dictionary). Use keyword arguments to inform the function of which ancillary computations it needs to perform. If at all possible, don't change the number of return values. It's annoying to deal with such an API. -- Robert Kern I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had an underlying truth. -- Umberto Eco -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (beginners question) howto set self.field4.subfield8='asdf'?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Thx
but is there any simpleir way, if using not class, but just struct (or
something like that, MATLAB equivalent for that one)?
Use this::
A = type('', (), {})
a = A()
a
__main__. object at 0x009E8490
a.foo = 42
a.foo
42
But perhaps using this (with a better name) would be more sensible
(according to readability)::
class B: pass
...
b = B()
b.foo = 42
b.foo
42
I'm thinking of rewriting some optimization solvers (non-smooth,
constrained, with (sub)gradients or patterns provided by user) to
Python and I don't know currently is it possible to easy convert
things like
prob = [];
prob.advanced.ralg.hs = 1 (so in this line all subfields are
generating automatically in MATLAB or Octave)
Perhaps something like this would be suitable::
class Autocreating(object):
... def __getattr__(self, attr):
... if hasattr(self, attr)
... setattr(self, attr, Autocreating())
... return getattr(self, attr)
...
a = Autocreating()
a.foo = 42
a.foo
42
a.hello.world = 23
a.hello
__main__.Autocreating object at 0x...
a.hello.world
23
But this is perhaps not a good way because it's way too implicite.
I have huge amount of such lines, and implementing separate class for
each one is unreal.
You don't have to implement a separate class for *each one*. Use one
class for every attribute, you can reuse it. But perhaps something like
a dict is better for your purposes, anyways.
HTH,
Stargaming
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
Stefan Palme wrote: [Peter] I believe this can only be set globally: import socket socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds) [Stefan] ... But when there is a default timeout (as indicated by the method name) - isn't there a per-socket timeout too? [Peter] Yes, but it isn't as easily available... Perhaps you find some ideas here: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2007-February/070897.html Thanks, will have a look at this. This has recently been discussed on python-dev. It's likely that certain libraries will acquire a timeout keyword argument in the next release, but only if someone is concerned enough to develop the appropriate patches - the principle appears to be accepted. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC/Ltd http://www.holdenweb.com Skype: holdenweb http://del.icio.us/steve.holden Blog of Note: http://holdenweb.blogspot.com See you at PyCon? http://us.pycon.org/TX2007 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyDev on Mac
Pythin runs but PyDev won't use the inerpreter. It gives me an error saying I'm using an invalid interpreter. Is there a way to do this using jPython? Pydev usually outputs something into your error log when it says you've specified an invalid interpreter... can you check it? (see http://pydev.sourceforge.net/faq.html#ref_0 for details on how to find it) -- your problem might be that you're specifying a link to the interpreter and not the actual interpreter (unfortunately java does not deal well with symlinks). It should also work with jython (jython 2.1 is the officially supported version). Cheers, Fabio p.s. I also recommend that you take a look at the getting started manual: http://fabioz.com/pydev/manual_101_root.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Declare a variable global
Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. But it works if i do this: colorIndex = 0; def test(): global colorIndex; print colorIndex; My question is why do I have to explicit declaring 'global' for 'colorIndex'? Can't python automatically looks in the global scope when i access 'colorIndex' in my function 'test()'? Thank you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
On 19 Feb 2007 09:04:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. Are you sure? [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat foo.py colorIndex = 0 def test(): print colorIndex test() [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ python foo.py 0 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ The global keyword lets you rebind a variable from the module scope. It doesn't have much to do with accessing the current value of a variable. Jean-Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timeout in urllib.open()
Stefan Palme [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: is there a way to modify the time a call of urllib.open(...) waits for an answer from the other side? Have a tool which automatically checks a list of websites for certain content. The tool hangs when one of the contacted websites behaves badly and never answers... Other than by using socket timeouts, at least in Un*x, you can also use signal.alarm. You can only have one OS-provided alarm pending at a time, so if you want multiple overlapping timeouts you have to schedule them yourself with a single alarm. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
On Feb 19, 11:09 am, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 19 Feb 2007 09:04:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. Are you sure? [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat foo.py colorIndex = 0 def test(): print colorIndex test() [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ python foo.py 0 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ The global keyword lets you rebind a variable from the module scope. It doesn't have much to do with accessing the current value of a variable. Jean-Paul Thanks. Then I don't understand why I get this error in line 98: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./gensvg.py, line 109, in ? outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); File ./gensvg.py, line 98, in getText print colorIndex; UnboundLocalError: local variable 'colorIndex' referenced before assignment Here is my complete script: #!/usr/bin/python import re import sys import time import os import shutil colors = [#FF, #00FF00, #FF, #00 ,#FFA500 ,#DA70D6] colorIndex = 0 def getText( intputstr): rc = maxX = 0; maxY = 0; minX = 1000; minY = 1000; for str in intputstr: print str; if str != : pattern = x:(\d+) y:(\d+) w:(\d+) h:(\d+) (.*) match = re.findall(pattern, str) if match: x, y, width, height, area = match[0] colorIndex = colorIndex + 1 rc = rc + rect x=\%(x)s\ y=\%(y)s\ width=\% (width)s\ height=\%(height)s\ % locals() rc = rc + fill=\%s\ stroke=\#00\ stroke-width= \1px\ fill-opacity=\.5\ /\n % colors[colorIndex % len(colors)] _x = int(x) _y = int(y) _width = int(width) _height = int(height) minX = min(minX, _x); minY = min(minY, _y); maxX = max(maxX, _x+ _width); maxY = max(maxY, _y+_height); else: pattern = \((\d+),(\d+)\)\((\d+),(\d+)\)(.*) match = re.findall(pattern, str) if match: x1, y1, x2, y2, ignore = match[0] rc = rc + line x1=\%(x1)s\ y1=\%(y1)s\ x2=\% (x2)s\ y2=\%(y2)s\ style=\stroke:rgb(99,99,99);stroke-width:2\ / % locals() rc = rc + \n _x1 = int(x1) _y1 = int(y1) _x2 = int(x2) _y2 = int(y2) minX = min(_x1, _x2); minY = min(_y1, _y2); maxX = max(_x1, _x2); maxY = max(_y1, _y2); print colorIndex; print match 2! return rc, minX, minY, maxX, maxY; fileName = sys.argv[1] inputFile = open(fileName, 'r') data = inputFile.readlines(); outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); print minX, minY, maxX, maxY outputFile = open(fileName + '.svg', 'w') print outputFile, svg xmlns=\http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\; xmlns:xlink=\http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\; id=\body\ outputFile.write(outdata); print outputFile, /svg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Raw Imager
Im looking at building a tool for previewing raw images as Thumbnails no editing really just viewing in a simple Tkinter GUI however from what I can tell Pil does not support raw images Does anyone have a link to a module that would allow this I guess I would need support for as many different raw types as possible... if possible. Cheers Andrew -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. But it works if i do this: Yes, it does work. Can you be more explicit about why you think it doesn't? (Also, this is Python not C/C++. Get *RID* of the semi-colons after your statements!) colorIndex = 0; def test(): global colorIndex; print colorIndex; If you wish to change the value of colorIndex inside test, then this won't work colorIndex = 0 def test(): colorIndex=123 # creates a new variable within test In the above case you'll end up with two variables of that name, one in the global context, and the other within test's context. However, this code might be more what you want: colorIndex = 0 def test(): global colorIndex colorIndex=123 # changes the value of the global Better yet, restructure your code to not rely on the global statement. Do something like this if you can: def test(): return 123 colorIndex = test() Gary Herron My question is why do I have to explicit declaring 'global' for 'colorIndex'? Can't python automatically looks in the global scope when i access 'colorIndex' in my function 'test()'? Thank you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On Feb 16, 4:22 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am VB6 programmer and wants to start new programming language but i am unable to deciced. i have read about Python, Ruby and Visual C++. but i want to go through with GUI based programming language like VB.net so will you please guide me which GUI based language has worth with complete OOPS Characteristics will wait for the answer hope to have a right direction from you Programmer Regards Iftikhar [EMAIL PROTECTED] Good grief. I suppose it is Microsoft to whom we owe the idea that there could be such a thing as a GUI based programming language. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Feb 19, 11:09 am, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 19 Feb 2007 09:04:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. Are you sure? [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat foo.py colorIndex = 0 def test(): print colorIndex test() [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ python foo.py 0 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ The global keyword lets you rebind a variable from the module scope. It doesn't have much to do with accessing the current value of a variable. Jean-Paul Thanks. Then I don't understand why I get this error in line 98: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./gensvg.py, line 109, in ? outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); File ./gensvg.py, line 98, in getText print colorIndex; UnboundLocalError: local variable 'colorIndex' referenced before assignment When there is an assignment python assumes that the variable is in the local scope (unless you explicitly declare it as global): v = 42 def f(): ... print v ... f() 42 def g(): ... print v ... v = won't get here anyway ... g() Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module File stdin, line 2, in g UnboundLocalError: local variable 'v' referenced before assignment def h(): ... global v ... print v ... v = for all the world to see ... h() 42 v 'for all the world to see' Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; Don't use ;. It's redundant. This won't work. But it works if i do this: colorIndex = 0; def test(): global colorIndex; print colorIndex; My question is why do I have to explicit declaring 'global' for 'colorIndex'? Because you could want to have an identifier called colorIndex in test's scope. Globals are infrequently used in Python, thus the more common case is assumed by default. Can't python automatically looks in the global scope when i access 'colorIndex' in my function 'test()'? No, it can't looks. Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #66: bit bucket overflow -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is more efficient?
Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]: It doesn't matter whether you have 0 or a million instances, methods do not occupy more memory. That's what I was looking for! Thanks, to you and all the others. -- ___Karlo Lozovina - Mosor | | |.-.-. web: http://www.mosor.net || ICQ#: 10667163 | || _ | _ | Parce mihi domine quia Dalmata sum. |__|_|__||_|_| -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function class
jupiter wrote: I am getting this error when I am using sql command within class.function accessing from another class how can I create seperate instance for sqlite objects ??? Trying to help you gets boring. I suggest reading the material that's being offered. Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #241: _Rosin_ core solder? But... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
On 19 Feb 2007 09:56:06 -0800, Mark Morss [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Good grief. I suppose it is Microsoft to whom we owe the idea that there could be such a thing as a GUI based programming language. Who do we blame for the idea that everyone in the world should be able to express themselves in perfect English without confusion? It was obvious what the OP meant. He's looking for something akin to VB, but in Python. -- # p.d. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to detect closing of wx.Panel?
Morpheus wrote: On Mon, 19 Feb 2007 01:18:11 +, Jacol wrote: Hi everybody, I have poblem with detecting closing of wx.Panel by user. How to detect that event? Don't know why you want to do that, but you could register with the enclosing (hosting) widget. In my program a panel is related to a plugin's object. I mean if a panel is closed the object have to be deleted also. Currently it doesn't work i have e memory leak. But i think i'll fixed a panel with its object directly. Currently i did it like that: mainframe(wx.Frame) subobject--- pluginsmanager --object (a hash session=object ) subobject--- panel The panel send to pluginsmanager its own session no and received from that XRC. But it is too complicated. I have to do it more simpler. More @ pentrezy.cvs.sf.net// Best wishes, Jacek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyDev on Mac
On Feb 18, 4:50 am, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ahmer schrieb: I've been trying to set up PyDev on my new MacBook Pro, but i have not had an success. Could you please help! Just wait until my crystal ball comes back from the cleaners, and I will start looking at your problem. As you can lay back and do nothing while that happens, I suggest you take this highly entertaining read: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html Diez The error I am getting is: Check your error log for more details. More info can also be found at the bug report: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detailaid=1523582group_id=85796atid=577329 I am trying to use Jython since I am mainly a Java programmer. The bug report is not very helpful -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyDev on Mac
On 19 Feb 2007 10:41:41 -0800, Ahmer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Feb 18, 4:50 am, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ahmer schrieb: I've been trying to set up PyDev on my new MacBook Pro, but i have not had an success. Could you please help! Just wait until my crystal ball comes back from the cleaners, and I will start looking at your problem. As you can lay back and do nothing while that happens, I suggest you take this highly entertaining read: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html Diez The error I am getting is: Check your error log for more details. More info can also be found at the bug report: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detailaid=1523582group_id=85796atid=577329 I am trying to use Jython since I am mainly a Java programmer. And what's in your error log? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
| Here is my complete script: | #!/usr/bin/python | | import re | import sys | import time | import os | import shutil | | colors = [#FF, #00FF00, #FF, | #00 ,#FFA500 ,#DA70D6] | colorIndex = 0 | | def getText( intputstr): |rc = | |maxX = 0; |maxY = 0; |minX = 1000; |minY = 1000; | | |for str in intputstr: | |print str; | |if str != : |pattern = x:(\d+) y:(\d+) w:(\d+) h:(\d+) (.*) | |match = re.findall(pattern, str) | |if match: |x, y, width, height, area = match[0] | |colorIndex = colorIndex + 1 | |rc = rc + rect x=\%(x)s\ y=\%(y)s\ width=\% | (width)s\ height=\%(height)s\ % locals() | |rc = rc + fill=\%s\ stroke=\#00\ stroke-width= | \1px\ fill-opacity=\.5\ /\n % colors[colorIndex % len(colors)] | |_x = int(x) |_y = int(y) |_width = int(width) |_height = int(height) | |minX = min(minX, _x); |minY = min(minY, _y); | |maxX = max(maxX, _x+ _width); |maxY = max(maxY, _y+_height); | | | |else: |pattern = \((\d+),(\d+)\)\((\d+),(\d+)\)(.*) | |match = re.findall(pattern, str) | |if match: |x1, y1, x2, y2, ignore = match[0] | |rc = rc + line x1=\%(x1)s\ y1=\%(y1)s\ x2=\% | (x2)s\ y2=\%(y2)s\ style=\stroke:rgb(99,99,99);stroke-width:2\ / | % locals() |rc = rc + \n | |_x1 = int(x1) |_y1 = int(y1) |_x2 = int(x2) |_y2 = int(y2) | |minX = min(_x1, _x2); |minY = min(_y1, _y2); | |maxX = max(_x1, _x2); |maxY = max(_y1, _y2); | |print colorIndex; | |print match 2! | | |return rc, minX, minY, maxX, maxY; | | fileName = sys.argv[1] | | inputFile = open(fileName, 'r') | data = inputFile.readlines(); | outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); | | print minX, minY, maxX, maxY | | outputFile = open(fileName + '.svg', 'w') | | print outputFile, svg xmlns=\http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\; | xmlns:xlink=\http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\; id=\body\ | | outputFile.write(outdata); | | print outputFile, /svg | | | -- | http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list | -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ocaml to python
Gigs_ wrote: Is there any way to convert ocaml code to python? but not manually Translating between dissimilar high-level languages is very difficult, so difficult that it is hard to do such a task justice by hand, let alone automating the procedure. If you must do it then write a compiler that converts OCaml's intermediate representation into Python (after pattern match compilation), or write an OCaml bytecode interpreter in Python. For example, the following simple OCaml code is difficult to write in Python: let rec ( +: ) f g = match f, g with | `Q n, `Q m - `Q (n +/ m) | `Q (Int 0), e | e, `Q (Int 0) - e | f, `Add(g, h) - f +: g +: h | f, g - `Add(f, g) let rec ( *: ) f g = match f, g with | `Q n, `Q m - `Q (n */ m) | `Q (Int 0), e | e, `Q (Int 0) - `Q (Int 0) | `Q (Int 1), e | e, `Q (Int 1) - e | f, `Mul(g, h) - f *: g *: h | f, g - `Mul(f, g) let rec simplify = function | `Q _ | `Var _ as e - e | `Add(f, g) - simplify f +: simplify g | `Mul(f, g) - simplify f *: simplify g;; OCaml compiles the pattern matches first, which gives an intermediate representation much closer to something Python/Lisp can handle: (seq (letrec (+:/71 (function f/72 g/73 (catch (catch (if (isint f/72) (exit 3) (if (!= (field 0 f/72) 81) (exit 3) (let (n/74 (field 1 f/72)) (catch (if (isint g/73) (exit 4) (if (!= (field 0 g/73) 81) (exit 4) (makeblock 0 81 (apply (field 0 (global Num!)) n/74 (field 1 g/73) with (4) (switch n/74 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 n/74) 0) (exit 3) g/73) default: (exit 3)) with (3) (if (isint g/73) (exit 2) (let (variant/113 (field 0 g/73)) (if (!= variant/113 81) (if (!= variant/113 3254785) (exit 2) (let (match/112 (field 1 g/73)) (apply +:/71 (apply +:/71 f/72 (field 0 match/112)) (field 1 match/112 (let (match/110 (field 1 g/73)) (switch match/110 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 match/110) 0) (exit 2) f/72) default: (exit 2))) with (2) (makeblock 0 3254785 (makeblock 0 f/72 g/73) (apply (field 1 (global Toploop!)) +: +:/71)) (letrec (*:/83 (function f/84 g/85 (catch (catch (catch (catch (catch (if (isint f/84) (exit 10) (if (!= (field 0 f/84) 81) (exit 10) (let (n/86 (field 1 f/84)) (catch (if (isint g/85) (exit 11) (if (!= (field 0 g/85) 81) (exit 11) (makeblock 0 81 (apply (field 5 (global Num!)) n/86 (field 1 g/85) with (11) (switch n/86 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 n/86) 0) (exit 10) (exit 5)) default: (exit 10)) with (10) (if (isint g/85) (exit 9) (if (!= (field 0 g/85) 81) (exit 9) (let (match/121 (field 1 g/85)) (switch match/121 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 match/121) 0) (exit 9) (exit 5)) default: (exit 9)) with (9) (if (isint f/84) (exit 8) (if (!= (field 0 f/84) 81) (exit 8) (let (match/124 (field 1 f/84)) (switch match/124 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 match/124) 1) (exit 8) g/85) default: (exit 8)) with (8) (if (isint g/85) (exit 7) (let (variant/130 (field 0 g/85)) (if (!= variant/130 81) (if (!= variant/130 3855332) (exit 7) (let (match/129 (field 1 g/85)) (apply *:/83 (apply *:/83 f/84 (field 0 match/129)) (field 1 match/129 (let (match/127 (field 1 g/85)) (switch match/127 case tag 0: (if (!= (field 0 match/127) 1) (exit 7) f/84) default: (exit 7))) with (7) (makeblock 0 3855332 (makeblock 0 f/84 g/85))) with (5) [0: 81 [0: 0]]))) (apply (field 1
Forking SocketServer daemon -- updating state
Hi folks, I am implementing a forking SocketServer daemon that maintains significant internal state (a graph that takes ~30s to build by fetching from a SQL database, and eventually further state that may take up to an hour to build). I would like to be able to notify the daemon that it needs to update its state. Because it forks for each new request, a request handler can't update the state because then only the child would have the new state. One idea I had was to use signals. Is it safe to write a signal handler that does extensive work (several seconds)? Seems like even so, it might be tricky to do this without race conditions. Another possibility is that the signal handler simply sets a needs_update flag, which I could check for in a handle_request() loop. The disadvantage here is that the update wouldn't happen until after the next request is handled, and I would like the state to be available for that next request. A solution might be to send a signal followed by a dummy request, which seems a bit awkward. Any other ideas or suggestions? Thanks in advance, Reid p.s. This group's help on A* search was very much appreciated -- just the ticket! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Forking SocketServer daemon -- updating state
Reid Priedhorsky wrote: Another possibility is that the signal handler simply sets a needs_update flag, which I could check for in a handle_request() loop. The disadvantage here is that the update wouldn't happen until after the next request is handled, and I would like the state to be available for that next request. A solution might be to send a signal followed by a dummy request, which seems a bit awkward. Any other ideas or suggestions? Just send a special type of request that signifies that an update is wanted, and act on that? Basically you need to find a way to let two processes talk to each other. There are a lot of possibilities here (IPC). The simplest would be to reuse the one you already have (the request handler!). Another solution might be to use Pyro. Or just open a custom socket yourself to send messages. Or stick with your idea of using a signal handler. But I don't know if you can let a signal handler run for a long time (as you already asked yourself), and it won't be portable to Windows for instance. You could maybe use threads instead, and then use some form of thread synchronization primitives such as threading.Event (threads would remove the need to do IPC). Hope this helps a bit, --Irmen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to call a function defined in another py file
Hi, I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? Thank you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? In B.py: import A A.test() HTH Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a class name
On Feb 19, 5:11 am, Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: En Sun, 18 Feb 2007 20:56:48 -0300, Fuzzyman [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: [somebody] wrote: def getCodeName(deap=0): return sys._getframe(deap+1).f_code.co_name class MyClass (object): name = getCodeName() + '!' What's the advantage over MyClass.__name__? I were asking, why do you want a name attribute since __name__ already exists and has the needed information. And worst, using an internal implementation function to do such task. This might be useful to avoid metaclass hacks when trying to initialize a class attribute that would require the class name. (my 2 cents) It's still an ugly hack. :-) (But a nice implementation detail to know about none-the-less.) Having class decorators would be nice... Yes - and Guido said he wouldn't be opposed to the idea when it was poitned out that they would be very useful for both IronPython and Jython to implement features of their underlying platforms. I haven't heard anyone (other than you) mention them recently though... Fuzzyman http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles.shtml -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
On Feb 19, 2:22 pm, Martin Blume [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? In B.py: import A A.test() HTH Martin But Do I need to put A.py and B.py in the same directory? if not, where does python look for A.py ? And do I need to compile A.py before I can import it to B.py? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: bluetooth on windows.......
Hi! try to find a PyBluez version already built for your Python 2.5 On the site : http://org.csail.mit.edu/pybluez/release/PyBluez-0.9.1.win32-py2.5.exe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
from a import test be sure a is in your path. jeremy On Feb 19, 2007, at 3:20 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? Thank you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
On Feb 19, 2007, at 3:27 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Feb 19, 2:22 pm, Martin Blume [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? In B.py: import A A.test() HTH Martin But Do I need to put A.py and B.py in the same directory? if not, where does python look for A.py ? No, they do not have to be in the same directory. A.py needs to be in your path. And do I need to compile A.py before I can import it to B.py? No jeremy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? In B.py: import A A.test() But Do I need to put A.py and B.py in the same directory? No, but then you have to take certain precautions. (*) if not, where does python look for A.py ? In the path defined by the (IIRC) PYTHONPATH (*) And do I need to compile A.py before I can import it to B.py? No. (*) you might want to read the fine documentation at http://docs.python.org/tut/node8.html which tells it much better than I do, and might give you some more ideas for googling. I haven't had yet the necessity for cross-directory imports. HTH Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to call a function defined in another py file
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : Hi, I have a function called 'test' defined in A.py. How can I call that function test in my another file B.py? Thank you. # b.py import A A.test() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; You don't need the ; def test(): print colorIndex; Idem. This won't work. Why ? Or more exactly : for which definition of won't work ? (hint: this code prints 0 on sys.stdout - I don't know what else you where expecting...) But it works if i do this: colorIndex = 0; def test(): global colorIndex; print colorIndex; Have mercy : keep those ; out of here. My question is why do I have to explicit declaring 'global' for 'colorIndex'? Can't python automatically looks in the global scope when i access 'colorIndex' in my function 'test()'? It does. You only need to declare a name global in a function if you intend to rebind the name in the function. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
Hendrik van Rooyen a écrit : Bruno Desthuilliers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Stef Mientki a écrit : (snip) I've been using Python for just 2 months, and didn't try any graphical design, So how can you comment on GUI programming with Python ? I think we have a language problem here (no pun intended) When Stef says Gui Programming he means using something like Delphi or Boa to do the Graphical Layout, while on this group it normally means writing the python code to make your own windows etc., using Tkinter or better... It's now the *3rd* time I mention Glade, wxGlade and QTDesigner in this thread. Hendrik, I know *exactly* what Stef is talking about - been here, done that. So from Stef's perspective he is right when he claims that Python's Gui Programming is poor - in the standard library it is non existent, as there are no Delphi-, Glade- or Boa-like tools available. And one can argue that something like Boa or the WX.. packages are not Python, as they are not included in the standard library... Then ObjectPascal his poor too. All the GUI part of Delphi is to ObjectPascal what wxPython etc are to Python. From thiw POV, Python is much richer than ObjectPascal : you have at least 3 or 4 usable GUI toolkits, at least two of them being full-featured and cross-platform. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : On Feb 16, 4:22 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am VB6 programmer and wants to start new programming language but i am unable to deciced. i have read about Python, Ruby and Visual C++. but i want to go through with GUI based programming language like VB.net so will you please guide me which GUI based language has worth with complete OOPS Characteristics will wait for the answer hope to have a right direction from you Programmer Regards Iftikhar [EMAIL PROTECTED] Despite what real programmers and various apologists might say, there isn't much out there that comes close to the ease-of-use and functionality of VB when it comes to designing a GUI. Lol. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : On Feb 19, 11:09 am, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 19 Feb 2007 09:04:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. Are you sure? [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat foo.py colorIndex = 0 def test(): print colorIndex test() [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ python foo.py 0 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ The global keyword lets you rebind a variable from the module scope. It doesn't have much to do with accessing the current value of a variable. Jean-Paul Thanks. Then I don't understand why I get this error in line 98: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./gensvg.py, line 109, in ? outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); File ./gensvg.py, line 98, in getText print colorIndex; UnboundLocalError: local variable 'colorIndex' referenced before assignment Here is my complete script: #!/usr/bin/python import re import sys import time import os import shutil colors = [#FF, #00FF00, #FF, #00 ,#FFA500 ,#DA70D6] colorIndex = 0 def getText( intputstr): rc = maxX = 0; maxY = 0; minX = 1000; minY = 1000; for str in intputstr: don't use str as an indentifier unless it's ok for you to shadow the builtin type str. print str; if str != : if str: pattern = x:(\d+) y:(\d+) w:(\d+) h:(\d+) (.*) match = re.findall(pattern, str) Move loop invariants (here, your pattern) outside of the loop. And while you're at it, compile it. if match: x, y, width, height, area = match[0] colorIndex = colorIndex + 1 You're not reading colorIndex, you're rebinding it. In this case, you do need to declare it global (or better, to rethink your code to avoid globals). rc = rc + rect x=\%(x)s\ y=\%(y)s\ width=\% (width)s\ height=\%(height)s\ % locals() Using augmented assignment (ie : +=) may be more readable here (MHO). Also, if you use single quotes for the template string, you can save the escapes: rc += 'rect x=%(x)s y=%(y)s width=% (width)s height=%(height)s' % locals() And FWIW, you might want to define the template string outside the loop. rc = rc + fill=\%s\ stroke=\#00\ stroke-width= \1px\ fill-opacity=\.5\ /\n % colors[colorIndex % len(colors)] idem (snip) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Declare a variable global
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Feb 19, 11:09 am, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 19 Feb 2007 09:04:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I have the following code: colorIndex = 0; def test(): print colorIndex; This won't work. Are you sure? [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat foo.py colorIndex = 0 def test(): print colorIndex test() [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ python foo.py 0 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ The global keyword lets you rebind a variable from the module scope. It doesn't have much to do with accessing the current value of a variable. Jean-Paul Thanks. Then I don't understand why I get this error in line 98: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./gensvg.py, line 109, in ? outdata, minX, minY, maxX, maxY = getText(data); File ./gensvg.py, line 98, in getText print colorIndex; UnboundLocalError: local variable 'colorIndex' referenced before assignment Here is my complete script: [... script elided ...] Well, now I've seen the error message I don't even need to see the script to explain what's going on. Unfortunately in your (entirely creditable) attempt to produce the shortest possible script that showed the error you presented a script that *didn't* have the error. Python determines whether names inside a function body are local to the function or global to the module by analyzing the function source. If there are bindings (assignments) to the name inside the body then the name is assumed to be local to the function unless a global statement declares otherwise. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC/Ltd http://www.holdenweb.com Skype: holdenweb http://del.icio.us/steve.holden Blog of Note: http://holdenweb.blogspot.com See you at PyCon? http://us.pycon.org/TX2007 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I create an array of functions?
On Mon, 19 Feb 2007 05:17:03 -0800, Rob Wolfe wrote: # test.py def fun1(): return fun1 def fun2(): return fun2 def fun3(): return fun3 # list of functions dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] Hmmm... when I try that, I get dozens of other functions, not just fun1, fun2 and fun3. And not just functions either; I also get classes. Oh, really? Where are these _other_ functions and classes in *MY* example? I ran your example, word for word. Copied it and pasted it into my Python session. Does Python have a function that will read my mind and only return the objects I'm thinking of? Your sarcasm is unnecessary. Using of `globals` function was easier to write this example. That's all. Actually, it wasn't easier to write at all. Your version: dsp = [f for fname, f in sorted(globals().items()) if callable(f)] Sensible version: dsp = [fun1, fun2, fun3] Not only is your version brittle, but it is also about three times as much typing. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
FPE: Add bindings to exception tracebacks.
Hi folks! Throughout my python development career, I've occasionally made various developer tools to show more information about assertions or exceptions with less hassle to the programmer. Until now, these tools didn't pass a utility vs pain-to-use threshold. Now I've created a tool I believe to have passed that threshold, which I call binding annotated exception tracebacks. In short, this tool adds text showing relevant local bindings to each level in a stack trace print out. I consider it to be so useful that it should be part of the standard library. I'm not sure the best process to propose this (shall I make a PEP? -is this already an FPE?), so I thought I'd start with a published early/often patch, then point people to it. I've submitted a patch against the 2.6 head on the sf tracker as ticket 1654974, or try this url: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detailaid=1654974group_id=5470atid=305470 The patch modifies the traceback module. It's also entirely reasonable to have this functionality in a new, separate module (and also it may be implemented in earlier python versions), but for my personal build I wanted all programs to use this new feature. Here's an example to clarify. Consider the following script: #! /usr/bin/env python2.6 import sys import traceback # Install annotated exception printing: sys.excepthook = lambda t, v, b: traceback.print_exception(t, v, b, annotate=True) def f(c): d = 2*c return g(c) def g(x): return (lambda z: z+'foo')(x) f(42) -The output (with the patch of course) is: Traceback (most recent call last): File /home/n/tmp/demo-bindann.py, line 16, in module # With bindings: # f = function f at 0x300f12f0 # Source: f(42) File /home/n/tmp/demo-bindann.py, line 11, in f # With bindings: c = 42 # g = function g at 0x300f1330 # Source: return g(c) File /home/n/tmp/demo-bindann.py, line 14, in g # With bindings: x = 42 # Source: return (lambda z: z+'foo')(x) File /home/n/tmp/demo-bindann.py, line 14, in lambda # With bindings: z = 42 # Source: return (lambda z: z+'foo')(x) TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str' -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyDev on Mac
On Sun, 18 Feb 2007 10:50:37 +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote: Just wait until my crystal ball comes back from the cleaners, and I will start looking at your problem. As you can lay back and do nothing while that happens, I suggest you take this highly entertaining read: Now that is an entertaining twist to the standard RTFM response! Hadn't seen that one before. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Newbie help looping/reducing code
Hey all, Can someone help me reduce this code? It sure seems like there ought to be a way to loop this or combine things so that there is only 1 or 3 lines to this instead of 6. I've been scratching my head over this for a while though I can't come up with anything. Just as a note, I need even_odd_round left alone because it is not always used. I just included for clarity. As always, thanks in advance, Lance T2B = even_odd_round(float(str(T2B))) VS = even_odd_round(float(str(VS))) SS = even_odd_round(float(str(SS))) sh.Cells(21,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(T2B))/100 sh.Cells(22,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(VS))/100 sh.Cells(23,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(SS))/100 def even_odd_round(num): if(round(num,2) + .5 == int(round(num,2)) + 1): if num .5: if(int(num) % 2): num = round(num,2) + .1 #an odd number else: num = round(num,2) - .1 #an even number else: num = 1 rounded_num = int(round(num,0)) return rounded_num -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Required for Choosing Programming Language
It's now the *3rd* time I mention Glade, wxGlade and QTDesigner in this thread. Hendrik, I know *exactly* what Stef is talking about - been here, done that. Doubt, that know what I'm talking about ... ... Glade, wxGlade, QTDesigner are not my choice ;-) ... at the moment I tend towards VisualWX + openGL for the future. cheers, Stef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Free Flash Games
Free Flash Games http://www.clipplay.com/ fun videos games and more. Fun flash games. Free flash games... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Newbie help looping/reducing code
Lance Hoffmeyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: T2B = even_odd_round(float(str(T2B))) VS = even_odd_round(float(str(VS))) SS = even_odd_round(float(str(SS))) sh.Cells(21,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(T2B))/100 sh.Cells(22,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(VS))/100 sh.Cells(23,lastcol+1).Value = float(str(SS))/100 First of all, I don't understand float(str(VS)) and so forth; if VS is (say) an integer, you can say float(VS) directly. Second, even_odd_round is written in a way that it can accept either an int or a float. So assuming you need to keep those variables around, I'd write the first three lines of the above as: T2B = even_odd_round(T2B) VS = even_odd_round(VS) SS = even_odd_round(SS) or you could get fancier and say T2B, VS, SS = map(even_odd_round, (T2B, VS, SS)) Then you could write the next three lines as a loop: for i,v in ((21, T2B), (22, VS), (23,SS)): sh.Cells(i, lastcol+1) = float(v) / 100.0 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Checking for EOF in stream
Hi! Classic situation - I have to process an input stream of unknown length until a I reach its end (EOF, End Of File). How do I check for EOF? The input stream can be anything from opened file through sys.stdin to a network socket. And it's binary and potentially huge (gigabytes), thus for line in stream.readlines() isn't really a way to go. For now I have roughly: stream = sys.stdin while True: data = stream.read(1024) process_data(data) if len(data) 1024:## (*) break I smell a fragile point at (*) because as far as I know e.g. network sockets streams may return less data than requested even when the socket is still open. I'd better like something like: while not stream.eof(): ... but there is not eof() method :-( This is probably a trivial problem but I haven't found a decent solution. Any hints? Thanks! GiBo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cmd all commands method?
En Mon, 19 Feb 2007 00:08:45 -0300, placid [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió:
If anyone can provide a suggestion to replicate the following Tcl
command in Python, i would greatly appreciate it.
namespace eval foo {
variable bar 12345
}
what this does is create a namespace foo with the variable bar set to
12345.
Python namespaces are simple dictionaries. See the eval function.
py s = 3+x**2
py freevars = {x: 2}
py eval(s, {}, freevars)
7
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pep 3105: the end of print?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: If Python 3 dropped the print statement and replaced it with official_print_function(), how would that help you in your goal to have a single code base that will run on both Python 2.3 and Python 3, while still using print? Is there any reason why official_print_function isn't sys.stdout.write? I can't remember the last time I used print in actual code (apart from short-lived debugging lines), so I'm bewildered as to why print seems to be so important. PJDM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Building Python Pagage for Newer Python Version
En Mon, 19 Feb 2007 11:00:18 -0300, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: I have just downloaded the source for PyXML-0.8.4, which I would like to build for Python 2.5. How exactly do I go about doing this? python2.5 setup.py install usually does the trick. Beware of this message, from the project front page: PyXML is no longer maintained -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: writing a file:newbie question
En Mon, 19 Feb 2007 08:02:29 -0300, kavitha thankaian [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Hi, i have a file test.txt and it contains a list of strings say,,, a,b,c,d,a1,b1,c1,d1,a2,b2,c2,d2, i would like to write the file as a,b,c,d a1,b1,c1,d1 a2,b2,c2,d2 and would like to delete the comma at the end. Not enough info... Does the input file contain only one line, or many lines? Always exactly 12 items? Including a trailing , ? The following may work for 12 items. Use the csv module to read the file: import csv reader = csv.reader(open(test.txt, r)) writer = csv.writer(open(output.txt, w)) for row in reader: writer.writerow(row[:4]) writer.writerow(row[4:8]) writer.writerow(row[8:]) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking for EOF in stream
On 2007-02-19, GiBo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi! Classic situation - I have to process an input stream of unknown length until a I reach its end (EOF, End Of File). How do I check for EOF? The input stream can be anything from opened file through sys.stdin to a network socket. And it's binary and potentially huge (gigabytes), thus for line in stream.readlines() isn't really a way to go. For now I have roughly: stream = sys.stdin while True: data = stream.read(1024) if len(data) == 0: break #EOF process_data(data) -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! CALIFORNIA is where at people from IOWA or NEW visi.comYORK go to subscribe to CABLE TELEVISION!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: search cursor in pythonwin 2.1
En Mon, 19 Feb 2007 12:21:27 -0300, GISDude [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Thanks for the reply. After looking at the docs again, you are correct NAMES IS NOT NULL would be the correct syntax. I thought it was NAMES NULL Python has some gotchas like default mutable arguments, that will catch the novice. SQL has its NULL behavior on expressions... -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Newbie help looping/reducing code
Lance Hoffmeyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: def even_odd_round(num): if(round(num,2) + .5 == int(round(num,2)) + 1): if num .5: if(int(num) % 2): num = round(num,2) + .1 #an odd number else: num = round(num,2) - .1 #an even number else: num = 1 rounded_num = int(round(num,0)) return rounded_num I would also rewrite this function. It's quite hard to figure out what it's intended to do. At minimum it should be carefully documented. I have the impression it's supposed to be something like the IEEE rounding mode, that rounds floating point numbers to the nearest integer, rounding to the even neighbor if the fractional part (sometimes called the mantissa) is close to 0.5. if(round(num,2) + .5 == int(round(num,2)) + 1): The above is true if the mantissa is = 0.495. So you're going to round 3.495 up to 4, even though it's actually closer to 3. Is that really what you want? You're rounding based on a printed representation rather than on the actual number. if num .5: It looks like for display purposes you're trying to avoid displaying positive numbers as zero if they're slightly below 0.5. However, that doesn't prevent the round-to-even behavior if the number is slightly above 0.5. So you get the anomaly that even_odd_round(0.499) = 1, but even_odd_round(0.501) = 0. My guess is that's not what you wanted and that it's a bug. if(int(num) % 2): num = round(num,2) + .1 #an odd number else: num = round(num,2) - .1 #an even number If the integer part is odd, round upward, else round downward, ok. So basically you're going to round to the even neighbor if the mantissa is close to 0.5, otherwise round to the nearest integer. I notice also that when num is negative, your function rounds to the odd neighbor (at least sometimes), differing from IEEE rounding. I think it's clearer to just separate out the integer and fractional parts and branch on the fractional part directly. I'll ignore the issue with negative inputs since I'm guessing you only care about positive ones: def even_odd_round(num): assert num = 0 # separate the number's integer and fractional parts intpart, fracpart = int(num), num % 1.0 # decide what to do based on the fractional part if fracpart 0.495: return intpart# round downward elif fracpart 0.505 or intpart==0: return intpart+1 # round upward else: return intpart + intpart % 2 # round to even -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
