cx_Freeze 4.0
What is cx_Freeze? cx_Freeze is a set of scripts and modules for freezing Python scripts into executables in much the same way that py2exe and py2app do. It requires Python 2.3 or higher since it makes use of the zip import facility which was introduced in that version. Where do I get it? http://cx-freeze.sourceforge.net What's new? This release marks a significant change in functionality. Any feedback is appreciated. Changes from 4.0b1 to 4.0 1) Added support for copying files to the target directory. 2) Added support for a hook that runs when a module is missing. 3) Added support for binary path includes as well as excludes; use sequences rather than dictionaries as a more convenient API; exclude the standard locations for 32-bit and 64-bit libaries in multi-architecture systems. 4) Added support for searching zip files (egg files) for modules. 5) Added support for handling system exit exceptions similarly to what Python does itself as requested by Sylvain. 6) Added code to wait for threads to shut down like the normal Python interpreter does. Thanks to Mariano Disanzo for discovering this discrepancy. 7) Hooks added or modified based on feedback from many people. 8) Don't include the version name in the display name of the MSI. 9) Use the OS dependent path normalization routines rather than simply use the lowercase value as on Unix case is important; thanks to Artie Eoff for pointing this out. 10) Include a version attribute in the cx_Freeze package and display it in the output for the --version option to the script. 11) Include build instructions as requested by Norbert Sebok. 12) Add support for copying files when modules are included which require data files to operate properly; add support for copying the necessary files for the Tkinter and matplotlib modules. 13) Handle deferred imports recursively as needed; ensure that from lists do not automatically indicate that they are part of the module or the deferred import processing doesn't actually work! 14) Handle the situation where a module imports everything from a package and the __all__ variable has been defined but the package has not actually imported everything in the __all__ variable during initialization. 15) Modified license text to more closely match the Python Software Foundation license as was intended. 16) Added sample script for freezing an application using matplotlib. 17) Renamed freeze to cxfreeze to avoid conflict with another package that uses that executable as requested by Siegfried Gevatter. Changes from 3.0.3 to 4.0b1 1) Added support for placing modules in library.zip or in a separate zip file for each executable that is produced. 2) Added support for copying binary dependent files (DLLs and shared libraries) 3) Added support for including all submodules in a package 4) Added support for including icons in Windows executables 5) Added support for constants module which can be used for determining certain build constants at runtime 6) Added support for relative imports available in Python 2.5 and up 7) Added support for building Windows installers (Python 2.5 and up) and RPM packages 8) Added support for distutils configuration scripts 9) Added support for hooks which can force inclusion or exclusion of modules when certain modules are included 10) Added documentation and samples 11) Added setup.py for building the cx_Freeze package instead of a script used to build only the frozen bases 12) FreezePython renamed to a script called freeze in the Python distribution 13) On Linux and other platforms that support it set LD_RUN_PATH to include the directory in which the executable is located -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
ANN: Leo 4.5 final released
Leo 4.5 final is now available at: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458package_id=29106 Leo is a text editor, data organizer, project manager and much more. See: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/intro.html The highlights of Leo 4.5: -- - Full support for @shadow files in Leo's core. - Major improvements to Leo's key binding code. - The beginning of usable vim-like bindings. - uA's may now be associated with vnodes in @thin and @shadow files. - Several magor reorganizations of Leo's code: including sax-based parsing, support for the Graph world (unified nodes), and simplified drawing code. - Leo is now an installable package. - Prepared code to be ready for Python 3.0. - Many small improvements and bug fixes. Quote of the month: --- Squeak and Leo have been two of the most significant technologies to redefine my personal computer experience and the ideas behind computing. Links: -- Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html Forum:http://groups.google.com/group/leo-editor Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458 Bzr: http://code.launchpad.net/leo-editor/ Quotes: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/testimonials.html Edward K. Ream email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Sep 2)
QOTW: Information outlives technology. - Tim Bray http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2003/03/24/XMLisOK, but notice all the offspring of this meme any simple search makes apparent Thoughts about the various forms of the import statement: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/f40481f88b5c6bf1/ Looking for an atomic increment operation: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/5a60c8b393f73516/ Comparing unicode and byte strings: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/c87e2912a95529f9/ Alternatives eval() in unsafe environments: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/908cc011e9fd9b72/ An algorithmic problem (identify where good data starts inside a sequence) as an excuse to post many creative solutions (including generators and even regular expressions): http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/8979bf1b01c8233f/ Enumerating all the currently installed Python modules: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/4d07c1f7bdb49b94/ When to use try/except: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/fc867e86cc1862bf/ str.downer? str.downcase? str.lowercase is the *obvious* name, isn't it? http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/cfd0a5f387fc82fa/ Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in these pages: Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional center of Pythonia http://www.python.org Notice especially the master FAQ http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the marvelous daily python url http://www.pythonware.com/daily Just beginning with Python? This page is a great place to start: http://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/Programmers The Python Papers aims to publish the efforts of Python enthusiats: http://pythonpapers.org/ The Python Magazine is a technical monthly devoted to Python: http://pythonmagazine.com Readers have recommended the Planet sites: http://planetpython.org http://planet.python.org comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software. Be sure to scan this newsgroup weekly. http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python.announce/topics Python411 indexes podcasts ... to help people learn Python ... Updates appear more-than-weekly: http://www.awaretek.com/python/index.html The Python Package Index catalogues packages. http://www.python.org/pypi/ The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references to all sorts of Python resources. http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/ Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group mailing lists http://www.python.org/sigs/ Python Success Stories--from air-traffic control to on-line match-making--can inspire you or decision-makers to whom you're subject with a vision of what the language makes practical. http://www.pythonology.com/success The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python Consortium as an independent nexus of activity. It has official responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. http://www.python.org/psf/ Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation. http://www.python.org/psf/donations/ The Summary of Python Tracker Issues is an automatically generated report summarizing new bugs, closed ones, and patch submissions. http://search.gmane.org/?author=status%40bugs.python.orggroup=gmane.comp.python.develsort=date Although unmaintained since 2002, the Cetus collection of Python hyperlinks retains a few gems. http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html Python FAQTS http://python.faqts.com/ The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and interesting recipes. http://code.activestate.com/recipes/langs/python/ Many Python conferences around the world are in preparation. Watch this space for links to them. Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available, see: http://www.python.org/channews.rdf For more, see: http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=pythonShowStatus=all The old Python To-Do List now lives principally in a SourceForge reincarnation. http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=355470group_id=5470func=browse http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0042/ del.icio.us presents an intriguing approach to reference commentary. It already
pyArkansas on October 4th
We are pleased to announce that pyArkansas will be held on the campus of University of Central Arkansas (www.uca.edu) on October 4th. Scheduled classes in the morning include Python 101 taught by Dr. Bernard Chen (incoming faculty at UCA but having taught the course at Georgia State University), Python 201 taught by Jeff Rush (Dallas Python Users Group) and Python for Unix/Linux Administration (Noah Gift teaching on his -- and Jeremy Jones' -- newly released OReilly title). The afternoon features talks and a panel discussion along with lots of great give aways and swag. Due to limitations of physical space we must close registration at 100 participants (in honor of my first OS, SunOS, we may go to 110). Check out our wiki at http://pycamp.python.org/Arkansas/HomePage. There's no registration fee, so if you're in the area stop on by...we are looking forward to a great day. Greg Lindstrom Python Artists of Arkansas (PyAR^2) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: python mechanize/libxml2dom question
bruce wrote: i've got the following situation, with the following test url: http://schedule.psu.edu/soc/fall/Alloz/a-c/acctg.html#;. i can generate a list of the tables i want for the courses on the page. however, when i try to create the xpath query, and plug it into the xpath within python, i'm missing something. if i have a parent xpath query, that generates a list of results/nodes... how can i then use the individual parent node, and trigger off of it, to get further information. [code example stripped] You should really use lxml. It has callable XPath objects that feel like Python functions, and its Element objects have a getparent() method that gets you to the parent of the node. Plus, text strings that you get back from an XPath evaluation also have a getparent() method that returns the Element object that holds the text. I think that's what you were looking for. Stefan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Put the output from all my programs in one place
On Sep 2, 6:30 am, Jesse Aldridge [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I want to put all the output from all of my python programs in one place. Have you considered using the python logging module? http://docs.python.org/lib/module-logging.html http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2005/06/02/logging.html You can define handlers within a program or via a config file. Then you just need to specify that they all log to the same location, which you could define via an environment variable... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax (was: Py 2.6 changes)
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 11:13:27 +1000, Ben Finney wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: For Python 2.7/3.1 I'd now like to write a PEP regarding the underscores into the number literals, like: 0b_0101_, 268_435_456 etc. +1 on such a capability. -1 on underscore as the separator. When you proposed this last year, the counter-proposal was made URL:http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/ msg/18123d100bba63b8?dmode=source to instead use white space for the separator, exactly as one can now do with string literals. I don't see any good reason (other than your familiarity with the D language) to use underscores for this purpose, and much more reason (readability, consistency, fewer arbitrary differences in syntax, perhaps simpler implementation) to use whitespace just as with string literals. At the risk of bike-shedding, I think that allowing arbitrary whitespace between string literals is fine, because it aids readability to write this: do_something( first part of the string another part of the string yet more of the string and a bit more and so on... ) but I'm not sure that it is desirable to allow this: do_something( 142325 93.8012 7113 ) -1/2 on arbitrary whitespace, +1/2 on a single space, and +0 on underscores. If semi-colons didn't already have a use, I'd propose using them to break up numeric literals: 14;232;593.801;271;13 -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting an objetcs dict?
On Sep 2, 4:31 am, ssecorp [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
X.__dict__() and ngot a dict of its variables.
Now i get errors doing this. what am i doing wrong?
The immediate problem is you're not reading the error messages.
X.__dict__()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: 'dict' object is not callable
The not callable is the big tip-off. As it states, __dict__ is a
dictionary object, -not- a method of your class.
X.__dict__
{'__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None}
The larger problem is you're not reading the docs are using this
list to teach you Python. Are you aware of the python-tutor list?
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax
On Mon, 01 Sep 2008 22:11:13 -0700, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 13:51:16 +1000, Ben Finney [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: This is no more the case than for literal strings: a = spam eggs ham a = spam, eggs, ham But... Literal string still have the (or ') delimiters around the components. Such does not exist for you example with integers. Consider a = spam, eggs, ham vs a = spam, eggs ham Quite frankly, I think that it's a stretch to say that leaving out a tuple delimiter is a problem with whitespace inside numeric literals. That's hardly unique to whitespace: atuple = 5,6,7,8 vs atuple = 5,67,8 Look Ma, no whitespace! But even if allowing whitespace inside numeric literals did create a new avenue for errors which never existed before, it is a mistake to only consider the downside without the upside. In my opinion, that would be rather like declaring that the syntax for attribute access is a mistake because you might do this: x = MyClass() xy = 4 instead of this: x = MyClass() x.y = 4 At some point the programmer has to take responsibility for typos instead of blaming the syntax of the language. I agree that we should avoid syntax that *encourages* typos, but I don't believe that allowing whitespace inside numeric literals does that. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Changing the (codec) error handler for the stdout/stderr streams in Python 3.0
Just a tip for those who are only just cutting their teeth on Python 3.0 and might have encountered the same problem as I did: When a Python (3.x) program is run on a terminal that only supports a legacy character encoding - such as Latin 1 or Codepage 437 - all characters printed to stdout will be automatically converted from the interpreter's internal Unicode representation to this legacy character set. This is a nice feature to have, of course, but if the original Unicode string contains characters for which there is no equivalent in the terminal's legacy character set, you will get the dreaded UnicodeEncodeError exception. In other words, the sys.stdout stream - as well as the sys.stderr stream - have both been hardwired to do their character encoding magic, by default, using the 'strict' error handling scheme: --- 8 --- import sys sys.stdout.errors 'strict' sys.stderr.errors 'strict' --- 8 --- So, essentially, printing out anything but ASCII to stdout is not really safe in Python... unless you know beforehand, for sure, what characters the terminal will support - which at least in my mind kind of defeats the whole purpose of those automatic, implicit conversions. Now, I have written a more flexible custom error handler myself and registered it with Python's codec system, using the codecs.register_error() function. When the handler encounters a problematic codepoint, it will either suggest a similar-enough Latin 1 or ASCII substitution for it, or if there is none available in its internal conversion table, it will simply print it out using the U+ notation. The UnicodeEncodeError exception will never occur with it. Instead of creating a custom error handler from scratch one could also make use of one of Python's built-in, less restrictive error handlers, such as 'ignore', 'replace', 'xmlcharrefreplace', or 'backslashreplace'. But in order to make things work as transparently and smoothly as possible, I needed a way to make both the sys.stdio and sys.stderr streams actually _use_ my custom error handler, instead of the default one. Unfortunately, the current implementation of io.TextIOWrapper (in Python 3.0b2, at least) does not yet offer a public, documented interface for changing the codec error handler - or, indeed, the target encoding itself - for streams that have already been opened, and this means you can't officially change it for the stdout or stderr streams, either. (The need for this functionality is acknowledged in PEP-3116, but has apparently not been implemented yet. [1]) So, after examining io.py and scratching my head a bit, here's how one can currently hack one's way around this limitation: --- 8 --- import sys sys.stdout._errors = 'backslashreplace' sys.stdout._get_encoder() sys.stderr._errors = 'backslashreplace' sys.stderr._get_encoder() --- 8 --- Issuing these commands makes printing out Unicode strings to a legacy terminal a safe procedure again and you're not going get unexpected UnicodeEncodeErrors thrown in your face any longer. (Note: 'backslashreplace' is just an example here; you could substitute the error handler of your choice for it.) The downside of this solution is, of course, that it will break down if the private implementation of io.TextIOWrapper in io.py changes in the future. But as a workaround, I feel it is sufficient for now, while waiting for the real support to appear in the library. (If there's a cleaner and more future-proof way of doing the same thing right now, I'd of course love to hear about it...) _ 1. http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-3000/2008-April/013366.html -- znark -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Enhanced property decorator
En Mon, 25 Aug 2008 22:45:36 -0300, Daniel [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: I've often been frustrated by the inability of the built-in property descriptor to handle anything other than a read-only property when used as a decorator. Furthermore, read/write/delete properties take their doc-string and property definition at a non-intuitive and awkward place (after the getter/setter/delter functions). The following are three possible solutions to this problem (inspired by message http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/msg/9a56da7ca8ceb7c7). I don't like the solution in that thread because it uses apply() which will go away in Python 3. Solution 1: new built-in function/descriptor def prop(func): funcs = dict(enumerate(func())) return property(funcs[0], funcs[1], funcs.get(2), func.__doc__) class Test(object): @prop def test(): test doc string def fget(self): return self._test def fset(self, value): self._test = value def fdel(self): del self._test return fget, fset, fdel Of course the name (prop) could be changed... I couldn't think of anything more concise. Pros: (1) encapsulation of property logic inside function namespace, preventing clutter in class namespace. (2) doc string appears in a more natural place, before getter/setter/ delter logic, as in classes and functions. Cons: (1) additional built-in name. (2) duplication/boilerplate in return line (DRY violation). (Some days late, sorry...) I like the variant below, based on your code. It avoids issue (2) by using locals(). Works with Python 3.0 too - and don't use tricks like sys._getframe or sys.settrace: def defproperty(func): impls = func() return property(doc=func.__doc__, **impls) class Test(object): @defproperty def test(): test doc string def fget(self): return self._test def fset(self, value): self._test = value def fdel(self): del self._test return locals() -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
python 3k, when will it be mainstream?
Hi, I read that python 3k is now in its final beta version. I was wondering when we can expect the major packages to make a 3.0 branch. I am myself quite new to python, and would like to make the transition as soon as possible, simply because it would save me porting code later, and I can focus on learning just the python 3.0. However, I am a former Matlab user and depend on packages like numpy, scipy, matplotlib. wxPython I use as well. So to get to the point: When can we expect these (and other) packages to release their python 3k versions? And when will the majority of people make the transition to py3k? I am looking forward to your thoughts on this, Almar -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (in memory) database
On 2 Sep, 04:46, Zentrader [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Ubuntu you want to install something like python-sqlite (a search for python should turn up everything). There are 2 parts to this, SQLite and the python bindings to SQLite. So you seem to have SQLite installed but not the Python bindings. Also, on some systems you have to have python-sqlite installed, and then build python in order to use it. The python-sqlite and python-sqlite2 packages were needed for Python 2.4 - it was possibly python2.4-sqlite or python2.4-sqlite2 if you go back a few versions - but Python 2.5 should depend on the sqlite libraries and pull them in automatically: http://packages.ubuntu.com/hardy/python2.5 I don't understand why Cameron has a different version of Python which doesn't seem to have sqlite support enabled. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to print first(national) char from unicode string encoded inutf-8?
On 2 Wrz, 06:05, Mark Tolonen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Marco Bizzarri [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Mon, Sep 1, 2008 at 3:25 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
When I do ${urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName)} without encoding to
latin-1 I got different chars than I will get: no Ùukasz but Å ukasz
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
That's crazy. string.encode('latin1') gives you a latin1 encoded
string; latin1 is a single byte encoding, therefore taking the first
byte should be no problem.
Have you tried:
urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName)[0].encode('latin1') or
urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName)[0].encode('utf8')
I'm assuming here that the urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName) returns an
encodable string (which I'm absolutely not sure), but if it does, this
should take the first 'character'.
The OP stated that the original string was encoded in UTF-8 and
urllib.quote(), so after urllib.unquote the string is in UTF-8 format.
This must be decoded into a Unicode string before removing the first
character:
urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')[0]
The next problem is that the character in the OP's example string 'Ù' is not
present in the latin-1 encoding, but using utf-8 encoding demonstrates that
the full two-byte UTF-8 encoded character is collected:
import urllib
name = urllib.quote(u'Ùukasz'.encode('utf-8'))
name
'%C5%81ukasz'
urllib.unquote(name).decode('utf-8')[0].encode('utf-8')
'\xc5\x81'
-Mark
@Mark, when I tried urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8'), I received this message:
return render('/reports/create_report_step2.mako')
Module pylons.templating:344 in render
**cache_args)
return pylons.buffet.render(template_name=template,
fragment=fragment,
format=format, namespace=kargs,
**cache_args)
format=format, namespace=kargs, **cache_args)
Module pylons.templating:229 in render
log.debug(Rendering template %s with engine %s,
full_path, engine_name)
return engine_config['engine'].render(namespace,
template=full_path,
**options) **options)
Module mako.ext.turbogears:49 in render
info.update(self.extra_vars_func())
return template.render(**info)
return template.render(**info)
Module mako.template:114 in render
declared by this template's internal rendering method are
also pulled from the given *args, **data
members.members.
return runtime._render(self, self.callable_, args, data)
def render_unicode(self, *args, **data): return
runtime._render(self, self.callable_, args, data)
Module mako.runtime:287 in _render
context = Context(buf, **data)
context._with_template = template
_render_context(template, callable_, context, *args,
**_kwargs_for_callable(callable_, data))
return context.pop_buffer().getvalue()
_render_context(template, callable_, context, *args,
**_kwargs_for_callable(callable_, data))
Module mako.runtime:304 in _render_context
# if main render method, call from the base of the
inheritance stack
(inherit, lclcontext) = _populate_self_namespace(context,
tmpl)
_exec_template(inherit, lclcontext, args=args,
kwargs=kwargs)
else:
# otherwise, call the actual rendering method specified
_exec_template(inherit, lclcontext, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
Module mako.runtime:337 in _exec_template
error_template.render_context(context,
error=error)
else:
callable_(context, *args, **kwargs) callable_(context,
*args, **kwargs)
Module _reports_create_report_step2_mako:57 in render_body
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(str(c.period.end
context.write(u' + ')
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8')))
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(str(c.user.secondName)
[0:1])))
context.write(u'/h3\r\ninput type=hidden
name=works[] value=')
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8')))
Module encodings.utf_8:16 in decode
def decode(input, errors='strict'):
return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)
class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder): return
codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)
type 'exceptions.UnicodeEncodeError': 'ascii' codec can't encode
characters in position 0-1: ordinal not in range(128)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to print first(national) char from unicode string encoded inutf-8?
On 2 Wrz, 10:17, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On 2 Wrz, 06:05, Mark Tolonen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Marco Bizzarri [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Mon, Sep 1, 2008 at 3:25 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
When I do ${urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName)} without encoding to
latin-1 I got different chars than I will get: no Ùukasz but Å ukasz
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
That's crazy. string.encode('latin1') gives you a latin1 encoded
string; latin1 is a single byte encoding, therefore taking the first
byte should be no problem.
Have you tried:
urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName)[0].encode('latin1') or
urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName)[0].encode('utf8')
I'm assuming here that the urlib.unquote(c.user.firstName) returns an
encodable string (which I'm absolutely not sure), but if it does, this
should take the first 'character'.
The OP stated that the original string was encoded in UTF-8 and
urllib.quote(), so after urllib.unquote the string is in UTF-8 format.
This must be decoded into a Unicode string before removing the first
character:
urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')[0]
The next problem is that the character in the OP's example string 'Ù' is not
present in the latin-1 encoding, but using utf-8 encoding demonstrates that
the full two-byte UTF-8 encoded character is collected:
import urllib
name = urllib.quote(u'Ùukasz'.encode('utf-8'))
name
'%C5%81ukasz'
urllib.unquote(name).decode('utf-8')[0].encode('utf-8')
'\xc5\x81'
-Mark
@Mark, when I tried urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8'), I received this message:
return render('/reports/create_report_step2.mako')
Module pylons.templating:344 in render
**cache_args)
return pylons.buffet.render(template_name=template,
fragment=fragment,
format=format, namespace=kargs,
**cache_args)
format=format, namespace=kargs, **cache_args)
Module pylons.templating:229 in render
log.debug(Rendering template %s with engine %s,
full_path, engine_name)
return engine_config['engine'].render(namespace,
template=full_path,
**options) **options)
Module mako.ext.turbogears:49 in render
info.update(self.extra_vars_func())
return template.render(**info)
return template.render(**info)
Module mako.template:114 in render
declared by this template's internal rendering method are
also pulled from the given *args, **data
members.members.
return runtime._render(self, self.callable_, args, data)
def render_unicode(self, *args, **data): return
runtime._render(self, self.callable_, args, data)
Module mako.runtime:287 in _render
context = Context(buf, **data)
context._with_template = template
_render_context(template, callable_, context, *args,
**_kwargs_for_callable(callable_, data))
return context.pop_buffer().getvalue()
_render_context(template, callable_, context, *args,
**_kwargs_for_callable(callable_, data))
Module mako.runtime:304 in _render_context
# if main render method, call from the base of the
inheritance stack
(inherit, lclcontext) = _populate_self_namespace(context,
tmpl)
_exec_template(inherit, lclcontext, args=args,
kwargs=kwargs)
else:
# otherwise, call the actual rendering method specified
_exec_template(inherit, lclcontext, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
Module mako.runtime:337 in _exec_template
error_template.render_context(context,
error=error)
else:
callable_(context, *args, **kwargs) callable_(context,
*args, **kwargs)
Module _reports_create_report_step2_mako:57 in render_body
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(str(c.period.end
context.write(u' + ')
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8')))
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(str(c.user.secondName)
[0:1])))
context.write(u'/h3\r\ninput type=hidden
name=works[] value=')
context.write(filters.decode.utf8(urllib.unquote(c.user.firstName).decode('utf-8')
[0].encode('utf-8')))
Module encodings.utf_8:16 in decode
def decode(input, errors='strict'):
return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)
class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder): return
codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)
type 'exceptions.UnicodeEncodeError': 'ascii' codec can't encode
characters in position 0-1: ordinal not in range(128)
ok, I resolved this problem $
{urllib.unquote(str(c.user.firstName)).decode('utf-8')[0]}
Could anyone explain me why this code works?
--
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
En Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:23:38 -0300, Jeremy Banks [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Hi. I wondered if anyone knew the rationale behind the naming of the Popen class in the subprocess module. Popen sounds like the a suitable name for a function that created a subprocess, but the object itself is a subprocess, not a popen. It seems that it would be more accurate to just name the class Subprocess, can anyone explain why this is not the case? I have no idea - but I agree, Subprocess would have been a better name. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
En Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:23:38 -0300, Jeremy Banks [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Hi. I wondered if anyone knew the rationale behind the naming of the Popen class in the subprocess module. Popen sounds like the a suitable name for a function that created a subprocess, but the object itself is a subprocess, not a popen. It seems that it would be more accurate to just name the class Subprocess, can anyone explain why this is not the case? I have no idea - but I agree, Subprocess would have been a better name. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python mechanize/libxml2dom question
On 2 Sep, 05:35, bruce [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: i've got the following situation, with the following test url: http://schedule.psu.edu/soc/fall/Alloz/a-c/acctg.html#;. i can generate a list of the tables i want for the courses on the page. however, when i try to create the xpath query, and plug it into the xpath within python, i'm missing something. if i have a parent xpath query, that generates a list of results/nodes... how can i then use the individual parent node, and trigger off of it, to get further information. You can always use the parentNode property on the nodes you get as results from the XPath query, but I guess what you want to do is to rewind and issue queries relative to some ancestor of the result nodes. [...] # course names cpath='//table[position()0]/descendant::td[position()[EMAIL PROTECTED]85%]/../td[1]/font/a[2]/text()' This obviously gets you right down to the hyperlink text within a part of the table. However, it may be easier to break this query up in order to get a more manageable overview of the process. My understanding of the above query is that it can first be rewritten as the following: cpath = //table//td[position()=2 and @width='85%']/../td[1]/font/a[2]/ text() Or even this: cpath = //table[.//td[position()=2 and @width='85%']]//td[1]/font/ a[2]/text() But what you could do is to obtain the important tables first: tables = d.xpath(//table[.//td[position()=2 and @width='85%']]) Here, we use the bracketed term to ensure that the table is the right one, but we don't actually descend inside the table. You could, from this, get the name by doing a query from each of these tables: for table in tables: cnames = table.xpath(.//td[1]/font/a[2]/text()) # list of text nodes You might want to consider a slightly safer approach when getting the text: cnames = table.xpath(.//td[1]/font/a[2]) # list of nodes, should be one name = cnames[0].textContent # all the text from the link When looking for the details, you can then write your query relative to these tables, rather than having to figure out the location of the details from the text nodes you've just extracted. details = table.xpath(following-sibling::table[1]) # list of max 1 node i'm assuming that there's a libxml2node method that will do what i need that i'm missing... You should be able to issue XPath queries from any node. There have been issues with libxml2dom and attribute nodes obtained from XPath, but these were fixed in recent changesets. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
python glibc error
I'm getting the following errors while trying to run a python script: *** glibc detected *** python: free(): invalid next size (normal): 0x0d2da210 *** *** glibc detected *** python: malloc(): memory corruption: 0x1b81da60 *** Is this a bug in my script or python or gllbc? Relevent version numbers are: #uname -a Linux myserver 2.6.18-92.1.10.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 5 07:42:41 EDT 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # python -V Python 2.4.3 /lib/libc.so.6 | head -1 GNU C Library stable release version 2.5, by Roland McGrath et al. The same script is running fine of fedora 4: On Fedora: uname -a Linux onyomo.com 2.6.11-1.1369_FC4smp #1 SMP Thu Jun 2 23:08:39 EDT 2005 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux python -V Python 2.4.1 /lib/libc.so.6 | head -1 GNU C Library development release version 2.3.5, by Roland McGrath et al. Regards, Anand -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Relative imports and import X as Y
En Sun, 31 Aug 2008 07:27:12 -0300, Wojtek Walczak [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: On Sun, 31 Aug 2008 06:40:35 GMT, OKB (not okblacke) wrote: Download the latest beta for your system and give it a try. Thanks for the advice, but I'd really rather not deal with installing the entire thing alongside my existing version, possibly causing conflicts in who knows what ways. Then you can download tar.gz package, compile it, and try it without installing :-) Or use a virtual machine, or a live CD. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: The Importance of Terminology's Quality
George Neuner wrote: On Mon, 1 Sep 2008 21:03:44 + (UTC), Martin Gregorie [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Mon, 01 Sep 2008 12:04:05 -0700, Robert Maas, http://tinyurl.com/uh3t wrote: From: George Neuner [EMAIL PROTECTED] A friend of mine had an early 8080 micros that was programmed through the front panel using knife switches When you say knife switches, do you mean the kind that are shaped like flat paddles? Pedantic correction: Knife switch is the wrong term. These are high current switches, typically used in the sort of heavy duty circuit where the wiring hums when power is on or in school electrical circuits so even the back of the class can see whether the switch is open or closed. In these a copper 'blade' closes the contact by being pushed down into a narrow, sprung U terminal that makes a close contact with both sides of the blade. Like this: http://www.science-city.com/knifeswitch.html What you're talking is a flat handle on a SPST or DPST toggle switch. It is often called a paddle switch and mounted with the flats on the handle horizontal. Like this, but often with a longer handle: http://www.pixmania.co.uk/uk/uk/1382717/art/radioshack/spdt-panel-mount- paddle-s.html I don't know the correct term, but what I was talking about was a tiny switch with a 1/2 inch metal handle that looks like a longish grain of rice. We used to call them knife switches because after hours flipping them they would feel like they were cutting into your fingers. That must be a toggle switch (as MG suggested) just not the paddle type. e.g. http://cpc.farnell.com/SW02861/components-spares/product.us0?sku=multicomp-1m31t1b1m1qe http://tinyurl.com/64a8ld -- RGB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3.0b2 cannot map '\u12b'
Terry Reedy wrote: If the terminal expects cp437 then displaying utf-8 might give some problems. My screen displays whatever Windows tells the graphics card to tell the screen to display. In OpenOffice, I can select a unicode font that displays at least everything in the BasicMultilingualPlane (BMP). It would appear that the Windows port of Python is probably just not forcing the Win32 console into the Unicode mode or using the Unicode APIs. (If this holds true, it could be a leftover from the Windows 95/98/ME days, I suppose...) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win32_console As a workaround - for the time being - you might want to try something similar as described in the thread Changing the (codec) error handler for the stdout/stderr streams in Python 3.0. The approach described in there will not let you print characters outside the codepage 437 repertoaire - any such characters will still need to be substituted with something else - but at least this substitution should happen automatically; i.e. you can keep using the normal print() function the normal way - even for the fancier characters - and your program will no longer crash. It would be nice to see proper Unicode Win32 console support in Python, of course, if at all possible. -- znark -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: The Importance of Terminology's Quality
On Mon, 01 Sep 2008 20:48:23 -0400, George Neuner wrote: I don't know the correct term, but what I was talking about was a tiny switch with a 1/2 inch metal handle that looks like a longish grain of rice. We used to call them knife switches because after hours flipping them they would feel like they were cutting into your fingers. That sounds like a sub-minature SPDT toggle switch with a normal handle. Cheap as chips, which is probably why they were used on that front panel. Like this by any chance? http://www.maplin.co.uk/images/300/fh00a_ff70m.jpg -- martin@ | Martin Gregorie gregorie. | Essex, UK org | -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax (was: Py 2.6 changes)
[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ben Finney: I don't see any good reason (other than your familiarity with the D language) to use underscores for this purpose, and much more reason (readability, consistency, fewer arbitrary differences in syntax, perhaps simpler implementation) to use whitespace just as with string literals. It's not just my familiarity, Ada language too uses underscore for that purpose, I think, so there's a precedent, and Ada is a language designed to always minimize programming errors, simple code mistakes too. And perl also *ducks* -- Nick Craig-Wood [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://www.craig-wood.com/nick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Sep 1, 9:23 am, Jeremy Banks [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi. I wondered if anyone knew the rationale behind the naming of the Popen class in the subprocess module. Popen sounds like the a suitable name for a function that created a subprocess, but the object itself is a subprocess, not a popen. It seems that it would be more accurate to just name the class Subprocess, can anyone explain why this is not the case? The Python class is a generalization of the standard Posix function of (almost) the same name: http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908775/xsh/popen.html Cheers, Nicola Musatti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 05:02:07 -0700, Nicola Musatti wrote: On Sep 1, 9:23 am, Jeremy Banks [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi. I wondered if anyone knew the rationale behind the naming of the Popen class in the subprocess module. Popen sounds like the a suitable name for a function that created a subprocess, but the object itself is a subprocess, not a popen. It seems that it would be more accurate to just name the class Subprocess, can anyone explain why this is not the case? The Python class is a generalization of the standard Posix function of (almost) the same name: http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908775/xsh/popen.html So it's a name of a *function* and it's a little bit unsuitable for a *class*. As Jeremy wrote: the instances represent *processes* not popens, whatever that may be. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter: tkButtonDown, tkButtonEnter, tkButtonInvoke, tkButtonLeave, tkButtonUp
On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 12:44 AM, akineko [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Sep 1, 8:28 pm, Guilherme Polo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Can you clarify what is this sticky behavior ? Are you referring to a toggle button ? If yes, then you might be after a simple Checkbutton: checkbutton = Tkinter.Checkbutton(indicatoron=False, text='test') I wouldn't spend days to create a custom widget to mimick the Checkbutton ;-) I don't need to describe the detail but once the button was pressed for a bit while, a command is sent through communication. The button is left being ButtonDown (sticky) until an acknowledgement is sent back through communication. This is a way to let the user know the action was acknowledged at another end. I think probably very few people needs such widget. Did you even try creating a checkbutton with indicatoron=False ? You could get surprised. Aki- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- -- Guilherme H. Polo Goncalves -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
about downloading the selected information
I have a problem to download the information from url http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez. Because it is impossible for me to add searching material to the url to construct a new url and then visit the website. I have the searching material, however I could not find the way to deal with this problem. I want to know how can I do this problem with python and which part of knowledge should I view first? Thanks! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Algorithm used by difflib.get_close_match
Hi all, Does anyone know whether this function uses edit distance? If not, which algorithm is it using? Regards, Guillermo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
what's the difference between f(a) and f(*a)
def sum1(*a): return(sum(i*i for i in a)) def sum2(a): return(sum(i*i for i in a)) a=[1,2,3] print(sum1(*a), sum2(a)) showed above: the result from sum1() and sum2() is the same. So, what is the difference between f(a) and f(*a) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How do I adjust the font size on IDLE when running on Mac OS 10.5.4? TIA.
-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Tue, Sep 02, 2008 at 12:27:49PM +, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: The Python class is a generalization of the standard Posix function of (almost) the same name: http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908775/xsh/popen.html So it's a name of a *function* and it's a little bit unsuitable for a *class*. As Jeremy wrote: the instances represent *processes* not popens, whatever that may be. I would argue that they don't represent processes at all; the object is a set of files which connect the standard I/O streams of a subprocess to its parent, and methods to operate on those files. The C library's popen() function, on which this class is based, provides a means to open a file and connect it to the standard steams of a subprocess, making it more closely analogous to what the Popen class does/provides. As such, Popen is a better name to describe this object than subprocess would be. -- Derek D. Martin http://www.pizzashack.org/ GPG Key ID: 0x81CFE75D pgpR91MGDIrTx.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Algorithm used by difflib.get_close_match
On Sep 2, 2:17 pm, Guillermo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, Does anyone know whether this function uses edit distance? If not, which algorithm is it using? Regards, Guillermo help(difflib.get_close_matches) will give you your first clue... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What is module initialization?
Hi, I found on the net that there is something called module initialization. Unfortunately, there is not much information for this. However, small the information I found module initialization can be of use to me in my project. I'm currently messing with a problem where I'm keeping my global variables ( or symbols) in a module and the other mdoules in the project acess these global variables. However, there is one case when a module updates one such global variable but the variable is not getting updated in the module containing global symbols ( variables). This happen only at the start of the program and at rest of the places in the program that global variable is not accessed. So, I thought of using this module initialization where I will intialize the module only once to update that variable. Ans in the rest of the program where ever this module is imported I shall be able to easily access the update value of the variable. Could some one provide me a sample code of module intialization? And how can I ensure that module initialization is done only once? Thanks and regards, Rajat -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Algorithm used by difflib.get_close_match
On Tue, 2 Sep 2008 06:17:37 -0700 (PDT), Guillermo wrote: Does anyone know whether this function uses edit distance? If not, which algorithm is it using? The following passage comes from difflib.py: SequenceMatcher is a flexible class for comparing pairs of sequences of any type, so long as the sequence elements are hashable. The basic algorithm predates, and is a little fancier than, an algorithm published in the late 1980's by Ratcliff and Obershelp under the hyperbolic name gestalt pattern matching. The basic idea is to find the longest contiguous matching subsequence that contains no junk elements (R-O doesn't address junk). The same idea is then applied recursively to the pieces of the sequences to the left and to the right of the matching subsequence. This does not yield minimal edit sequences, but does tend to yield matches that look right to people. HTH. -- Regards, Wojtek Walczak, http://tosh.pl/gminick/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is module initialization?
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 14:32:30 +0100, dudeja.rajat wrote: I found on the net that there is something called module initialization. Unfortunately, there is not much information for this. However, small the information I found module initialization can be of use to me in my project. Module initialization is what happens when you import a module the first time. In pure Python modules the module level code is executed and in extension modules a special initializing function may be called. However, there is one case when a module updates one such global variable but the variable is not getting updated in the module containing global symbols ( variables). Sounds unlikely if you *really* update the attribute of the module and not just rebind a local name that was bound to the object in the global module before. Example: from spam import egg egg = 42 # This does *not* change `spam.egg` but just the local binding! Could some one provide me a sample code of module intialization? And how can I ensure that module initialization is done only once? Module initialization is only done once, there's nothing to ensure. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: what's the difference between f(a) and f(*a)
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 06:24:21 -0700, qxyuestc wrote: showed above: the result from sum1() and sum2() is the same. So, what is the difference between f(a) and f(*a) f(a) - f([1, 2, 3]) f(*a) - f(1, 2, 3) Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 09:28:42 -0400, Derek Martin wrote: On Tue, Sep 02, 2008 at 12:27:49PM +, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: The Python class is a generalization of the standard Posix function of (almost) the same name: http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908775/xsh/popen.html So it's a name of a *function* and it's a little bit unsuitable for a *class*. As Jeremy wrote: the instances represent *processes* not popens, whatever that may be. I would argue that they don't represent processes at all; the object is a set of files which connect the standard I/O streams of a subprocess to its parent, and methods to operate on those files. And the process' ID, an attribute with the process' return code, a method to wait until the process is finished and file objects to communicate with the process. The C library's popen() function, on which this class is based, provides a means to open a file and connect it to the standard steams of a subprocess, making it more closely analogous to what the Popen class does/provides. As such, Popen is a better name to describe this object than subprocess would be. Is strongly disagree. The class provides an interface to start and communicate with a `Subprocess`. Instances stand for processes. With your reasoning the `file` type should be called `open`. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How can we get to the end of a quote inside a string
On 2008-08-31, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi all,
Suppose I have a string which contains quotes inside quotes -
single and double quotes interchangeably -
s = a1' b1 c1' d1 ' c2 b2 'a2
I need to start at b1 and end at b2 - i.e. I have to parse the
single quote strings from inside s.
Is there an existing string quote parser which I can use or
should I write a parser myself?
If somebody could help me on this I would be much obliged.
You could use a combination of split and join in this case.
#use a single quote as a seperator to split the string is a list of substrings
ls = s.split(')
#remove what comes before the first and after the last single quote
ls = ls[1:-1]
#reassemble the string between the outermost single quotes.
s = '.join(ls)
#strip spaces in front and after if you wish
s = s.strip()
--
Antoon Pardon
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python IDEs with F5 or hotkey shell interaction
I am looking for advice on Python Editors and IDEs I have read other posts and threads on the subject and my two questions at this time are mainly about the IDLE-like F5-run facilities. While I am fairly happy using IDLE, the debugger is unintuitive to me and I wanted a project manager and a better variable/ class browser and also the potential to edit/run other languages such as R and Tex/Latex. Windows and LINUX compatibility is desired too. I found numerous editor candidates from reading posts to this Python users group list and also documents such as http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonEditors but few if any alternatives seem to have all of the ‘interactive’ power of IDLE—- not only a run program in a python shell hotkey but a persistent, after-a-run memory state can be accessed for interactive coding and exploration-- i.e. how IDLE works ! *** My first questions is what other editor/IDE have IDLE-like interactive features. Or to put it another way, is my appraisal below of the editors IDEs I tried right (note some where looked at as much as a year ago). Python specific IDLEF5 run Full shell interaction PythonWin F5 run Full shell interaction, MS Windows only PyScripter F9 run shell interaction, but script created variables are not persistent (???!) PyPEF5 run, but not an interactive shell DrPythonF5 run, but not an interactive shell in MS Windows (maybe in Linux) SPE (Stani) Could not get it to run in MS Windows (???!) PyScripter, PyPe and drPython all had nice features but interaction quirks. My second question is based on a belief that I should move to a more general IDE or editor to get LINUX compatibility and the ability to also edit R and LaTex programs. I have explored these Vim Cream/Vim UliPad SciTe Jext Editra Komodo Editor But none are close to being as interactive friendly as IDLE. I might look at Eclypse with pydev Jedit And these commercial/professional IDEs Wing Komodo IDE Zeus But before doing so I wanted to know form experienced users: ** How hard is it to configure any of the general editors/IDEs to run a Python shell using a hotkey (such as IDLEs F5) and whether any can be set up for full interactivity. I understand and appreciate the difficulties to get full IDLE-like interactivity, but what comes closest? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Leo 4.5 final released
Leo 4.5 final is now available at: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458package_id=29106 Leo is a text editor, data organizer, project manager and much more. See: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/intro.html The highlights of Leo 4.5: -- - Full support for @shadow files in Leo's core. - Major improvements to Leo's key binding code. - The beginning of usable vim-like bindings. - uA's may now be associated with vnodes in @thin and @shadow files. - Several magor reorganizations of Leo's code: including sax-based parsing, support for the Graph world (unified nodes), and simplified drawing code. - Leo is now an installable package. - Prepared code to be ready for Python 3.0. - Many small improvements and bug fixes. Quote of the month: --- Squeak and Leo have been two of the most significant technologies to redefine my personal computer experience and the ideas behind computing. Links: -- Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html Forum:http://groups.google.com/group/leo-editor Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458 Bzr: http://code.launchpad.net/leo-editor/ Quotes: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/testimonials.html Edward K. Ream email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is module initialization?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : Hi, I found on the net that there is something called module initialization. The Python C api has a module init function for C-coded modules. There's no need for such a thing in pure Python modules since all the top-level code is executed when the module is loaded (as a main script or the first time the module is imported). Unfortunately, there is not much information for this. However, small the information I found module initialization can be of use to me in my project. I'm currently messing with a problem where I'm keeping my global variables ( or symbols) in a module and the other mdoules in the project acess these global variables. remember that there's no such thing as a truely global namespace in Python. global really means module level. However, there is one case when a module updates one such global variable While this is technically legal, you should restrain yourself from doing such a thing, unless you *really* know what you're doing and why. but the variable is not getting updated in the module containing global symbols ( variables). I suspect you didn't use a qualified name when importing. You have to do it this way : # myglobals.py: answer = 42 # question.py import myglobals myglobals.answer = WTF ? So, I thought of using this module initialization where I will intialize the module only once to update that variable. Ans in the rest of the program where ever this module is imported I shall be able to easily access the update value of the variable. Could some one provide me a sample code of module intialization? All statements at the top-level of a module are executed when the module is loaded. That's all it takes wrt/ module initialization. And how can I ensure that module initialization is done only once? Unless you're doing weird things with __import__ or the imp module, you shouldn't have to worry. import do two things : locate, load *and cache* the module *if* it isn't already in cache, and bind names into the importing namespace. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: what's the difference between f(a) and f(*a)
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : def sum1(*a): return(sum(i*i for i in a)) def sum2(a): return(sum(i*i for i in a)) a=[1,2,3] print(sum1(*a), sum2(a)) showed above: the result from sum1() and sum2() is the same. So, what is the difference between f(a) and f(*a) try this: sum1(a) sum2(*a) Then re-read the FineManual(tm): http://docs.python.org/tut/node6.html#SECTION00673 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: SQL package
Juan schrieb:
Hi
I am trying to write a little a script that can be configurable. This
script should access to a database, that can be of any type (MySQL,
Postgres, SQLite, MS, etc).It has only to perform 2 or 3 simple plain
SQL queries. Hi have tested SQLAlchemy, and it is great, but too much
for my requirements, and I don't have any object relation with the
database tables. All I need is to access any database type in the same
way (mysql://user:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/database, pgsqll://user:[EMAIL
PROTECTED]/database,
...) and run some basic queries. I have searched for this, but I have
not found any solution. Could you help me please?
If not, how can I run a simple query in SQLAlchemy? And iter the
results? I have tried this without success:
engine = create_engine('postgres://user:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/database',
echo=True)
results = engine.execute(SELECT * FROM TABLE)
for result in results:
print result
sqlalchemy is the way to go, and you should consider actually reading
the documentation - the above clearly shows that you didn't.
http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/05/sqlexpression.html
Here you can see what is needed:
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Re: What is module initialization?
While this is technically legal, you should restrain yourself from doing such a thing, unless you *really* know what you're doing and why. but the variable is not getting updated in the module containing global symbols ( variables). I suspect you didn't use a qualified name when importing. You have to do it this way : # myglobals.py: answer = 42 # question.py import myglobals myglobals.answer = WTF ? But if I do :- #question.py from myglobals import * myglobals.answer = WTF ? will this work? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Storing Subprocess Results
On Tue, 2 Sep 2008 07:16:21 -0700 (PDT), topazcode wrote:
I am using the subprocess module to run some shell commands on a Linux
system:
import subprocess
output = subprocess.call('''ssh server1 uptime''', shell=True)
The above assigns the output variable with a return code, i.e. 0 in
this case. How can I actually capture the data returned from
subprocess.call, rather than just the return code?
Use subprocess.Popen instead of call.
--
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Wojtek Walczak,
http://tosh.pl/gminick/
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Re: Storing Subprocess Results
On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 10:16 AM, topazcode [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I am using the subprocess module to run some shell commands on a Linux
system:
import subprocess
output = subprocess.call('''ssh server1 uptime''', shell=True)
The above assigns the output variable with a return code, i.e. 0 in
this case. How can I actually capture the data returned from
subprocess.call, rather than just the return code? I'd like to have
the output variable contain the uptime string in this case. Any help
is appreciated. Thanks.
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http://docs.python.org/lib/node532.html
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Re: Using NLTK in Java
On 1 Sep, 16:21, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On 1 Sep, 11:55, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb:
I am trying to convert a python module (that contains the use of
NLTK.Corpus) by jythonc. It is not able to include nltk dependencies
within the java class it creates. So when i use this class in java, it
fails to recognize nltk. Can anyone please let me know how should i
use nltk in python/jython modules so i can use in Java.
If there are any binary dependencies, you are out of luck. It won't
work. You would need to write a RPC-Server then, with technologies such
as XMLRPC or CORBA.
Diez
So does that mean that Jython does not support nltk uptil now. I ask
this because when I try to import nltk in Jython (which is assumed to
replace Python), i get the same error. Its just nltk that I am not
able to use. The rest of the jython functions and libraries work fine
within Java.
I don't know for sure - how about you post the error-message? Otherwise we
can't assess the problem.
Diez- Hide quoted text -
- Show quoted text -
Hi,
What i did was create a python file as:
import nltk
from java.util import Random
class NLPPresentation(Random):
def nextDouble(self):
return 1
def TagByBrown(self,sent):
@sig public String[] TagByBrown(String sent)
brown_a = nltk.corpus.brown.tagged_sents(categories='a')
bigram_tagger = nltk.BigramTagger(brown_a, cutoff=0)
lst = bigram_tagger.tag(sent.split())
return lst
I processed the following code through jythonc compiler to form a JAR
file. I then imported this jar
file into java ide (Java Builder). I then wrote the following program
in java to access this python class:
import org.python.core.PyException;
import org.python.core.PyInteger;
import org.python.core.PyObject;
import org.python.util.PythonInterpreter;
import java.util.Random;
import org.nltk.*;
import org.nltk.mallet.*;
public class SimpleEmbedded extends NLPPresentation{
public static void main(String[] args) throws PyException {
SimpleEmbedded so = new SimpleEmbedded();
String s = he is a boy;
so.Call(s);
}
public void Call(String s)
{
String[] arr = TagByBrown(s);
System.out.println(arr[1]);
}
}
When i compile the above java code, i get the following error:
Exception in thread main Traceback (innermost last):
File C:\jython2.2.1\NLPPresentation.py, line 0, in main
ImportError: no module named nltk
Your comments are highly appreciated.
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Re: configure kdevelop for python
Sindhu wrote: am a newbie to python language and kdevelop, so i would like to know how to configure kdevelop for python programming? complete with a debugger? I have not used python and kdevelop but I do know it requires qt and the link below has several video's of a developer using python qt and qtdesigner. http://tv.dgplug.org/devel-inside.html I hope this helps. Johnf -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is module initialization?
On Tue, 2 Sep 2008 15:32:07 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: But if I do :- #question.py from myglobals import * myglobals.answer = WTF ? will this work? Why won't you try? In this case you should receive NameError. -- Regards, Wojtek Walczak, http://tosh.pl/gminick/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How can we get to the end of a quote inside a string
On Aug 31, 9:29 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi all,
Suppose I have a string which contains quotes inside quotes -
single and double quotes interchangeably -
s = a1' b1 c1' d1 ' c2 b2 'a2
I need to start at b1 and end at b2 - i.e. I have to parse the
single quote strings from inside s.
Pyparsing defines a helper method called nestedExpr - typically it is
used to find nesting of ()'s, or []'s, etc., but I was interested to
see if I could use nestedExpr to match nested ()'s, []'s, AND {}'s all
in the same string (like we used to do in our algebra class to show
nesting of higher levels than parens - something like {[a + 3*(b-c)]
+ 7} - that is, ()'s nest within []'s, and []'s nest within {}'s).
This IS possible, but it uses some advanced pyparsing methods. I
adapted this example to map to your case - this was much simpler, as
s nest within ''s, and ''s nest within s. I still keep a stack of
previous nesting, but I'm not sure this was absolutely necessary.
Here is the working code with your example:
from pyparsing import Forward, oneOf, NoMatch, Literal, CharsNotIn,
nestedExpr
# define special subclass of Forward, that saves previous contained
# expressions in a stack
class ForwardStack(Forward):
def __init__(self):
super(ForwardStack,self).__init__()
self.exprStack = []
self NoMatch()
def __lshift__(self,expr):
self.exprStack.append(self.expr)
super(ForwardStack,self).__lshift__(expr)
return self
def pop(self):
self.expr = self.exprStack.pop()
# define the grammar
opening = ForwardStack()
closing = ForwardStack()
opening oneOf([', ''])
closing NoMatch()
matchedNesting = nestedExpr(opening, closing, CharsNotIn('\''),
ignoreExpr=None)
# define parse-time callbacks
alternate = {'':', ':''}
def pushAlternate(t):
# closing expression should match the current opening quote char
closing Literal( t[0] )
# if we find the other opening quote char, it is the beginning of
# a nested quote
opening Literal( alternate[ t[0] ] )
def popClosing():
closing.pop()
opening.pop()
# when these expressions match, the parse action will be called
opening.setParseAction(pushAlternate)
closing.setParseAction(popClosing)
# parse the test string
s = a1' b1 c1' d1 ' c2 b2 'a2
print matchedNesting.parseString(s)[0]
Prints:
['a1', [' b1 ', [' c1', [' d1 '], ' c2'], ' b2 '], 'a2']
-- Paul
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dict.update
Hi All,
I have two dictionaries e.g
dict1 = {123:3,234:5,456:3}
dict2 = {123:4,157:2,234:5,456:3,567:2}
I want to merge these two dictionaries together so i have a resultant
dictionary of:
dict3 = {123:[4,3],157:[2,0],234:[5,5],456:[3,3],567:[2,0]}
As later on i want to write a csv file that would have the form
id var1 var2
123 4 3
157 2 0
i looks like the dict.update looks almost there but i can't get it to
work properly, can anyone offer any advise?
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Re: dict.update
Mike P schrieb:
Hi All,
I have two dictionaries e.g
dict1 = {123:3,234:5,456:3}
dict2 = {123:4,157:2,234:5,456:3,567:2}
I want to merge these two dictionaries together so i have a resultant
dictionary of:
dict3 = {123:[4,3],157:[2,0],234:[5,5],456:[3,3],567:[2,0]}
As later on i want to write a csv file that would have the form
id var1 var2
123 4 3
157 2 0
i looks like the dict.update looks almost there but i can't get it to
work properly, can anyone offer any advise?
res = {}
for d in dict1, dict2:
for key, value in d.iteritems():
res.setdefault(key, []).append(value)
Diez
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Re: dict.update
On Sep 2, 8:04 am, Mike P [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi All,
I have two dictionaries e.g
dict1 = {123:3,234:5,456:3}
dict2 = {123:4,157:2,234:5,456:3,567:2}
I want to merge these two dictionaries together so i have a resultant
dictionary of:
dict3 = {123:[4,3],157:[2,0],234:[5,5],456:[3,3],567:[2,0]}
As later on i want to write a csv file that would have the form
id var1 var2
123 4 3
157 2 0
i looks like the dict.update looks almost there but i can't get it to
work properly, can anyone offer any advise?
The update() method is not quite right for your purposes.
But a simple generator expression will do the trick:
dict((k, [v, dict1.get(k, 0)]) for k, v in dict2.items())
{456: [3, 3], 234: [5, 5], 123: [4, 3], 157: [2, 0], 567: [2, 0]}
Raymond
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Re: Using NLTK in Java
On Sep 1, 12:30 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED]: in Jython (which is assumed to replace Python), I don't think so. Bye, bearophile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dict.update
Thanks Diez, This is almost perfect! Is there a way to ensure each list has two elements, even if one of them is blank? Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dict.update
Thanks Raymond, That's a neat trick, i'll look into learning more about this Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Tue, Sep 02, 2008 at 01:57:26PM +, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: I would argue that they don't represent processes at all; the object is a set of files which connect the standard I/O streams of a subprocess to its parent, and methods to operate on those files. And the process' ID, an attribute with the process' return code, a method to wait until the process is finished and file objects to communicate with the process. The name popen is an abbreviation of pipe open -- the function, and the class, open pipes to communicate with another process. What you said is correct; however there are numerous other ways to open subprocesses. The focus of popen is the communication aspect -- the opening and control of the pipes -- not the subprocess. That's the key difference between popen() and all the other methods of starting a subprocess. The C library's popen() function, on which this class is based, provides a means to open a file and connect it to the standard steams of a subprocess, making it more closely analogous to what the Popen class does/provides. As such, Popen is a better name to describe this object than subprocess would be. Is strongly disagree. The class provides an interface to start and communicate with a `Subprocess`. Instances stand for processes. There's more than one way to look at it. You can disagree all you like, but your interpretation disagrees with the historical intent of popen. With your reasoning the `file` type should be called `open`. In this case, the file is a pipe, and the 'p' in popen represents the pipe. Unix, by and large, doesn't care that it's a pipe -- file I/O is intended to work the same way regardless of whether it's a pipe, a socket, a file on disk, a special device file, or any other file-like object you can imagine. That's why I said file instead of pipe in my explanation. Note that in all of these links that talk about popen, the focus is on opening pipes or file objects, not on subprocesses: http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/popen.html http://docs.python.org/lib/os-newstreams.html http://us3.php.net/popen http://docs.hp.com/en/B9106-90010/popen.3S.html http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/ch07s02.html The Linux man page unfortunately copies (verbatim) the FreeBSD man page, which gets it wrong. You can not open a process, but you can definitely open a pipe. -- Derek D. Martin http://www.pizzashack.org/ GPG Key ID: 0x81CFE75D pgpmN360qDTwf.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter: tkButtonDown, tkButtonEnter, tkButtonInvoke, tkButtonLeave, tkButtonUp
On Sep 2, 5:46 am, Guilherme Polo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Did you even try creating a checkbutton with indicatoron=False ? You could get surprised. I didn't. My perception of checkbutton was a button with a check. So, I tried as you suggested. Yes, you are right. It is almost what I wanted (sticky behaviour). By ignoring the ButtonRelease and Leave events, yes, it can perfectly meet my requirements. As checkbutton has deselect() method, this is a better approach, I have to admit. Thank you for showing me the correct way to implement. Aki- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (in memory) database
I don't understand why Cameron has a different version of Python which doesn't seem to have sqlite support enabled. Agreed, but won't the package manager tell him if python-sqlite is installed? That would be the next step since it appears that SQLite intself is already installed. Since Ubuntu uses precompied binaries, Python should be configured for SQLite which again leaves no python- sqlite as the only possibility (yeah right). BTW Python is easy to install manually. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dict.update
Mike P wrote:
Hi All,
I have two dictionaries e.g
dict1 = {123:3,234:5,456:3}
dict2 = {123:4,157:2,234:5,456:3,567:2}
I want to merge these two dictionaries together so i have a resultant
dictionary of:
dict3 = {123:[4,3],157:[2,0],234:[5,5],456:[3,3],567:[2,0]}
As later on i want to write a csv file that would have the form
id var1 var2
123 4 3
157 2 0
i looks like the dict.update looks almost there but i can't get it to
work properly, can anyone offer any advise?
result=dict((key,(dict1.get(key,None),
dict2.get(key,None)))
for key in set(dict1.keys()+dict2.keys())
)
(untested)
should provide you with a resulting dictonary with tuples
where [0] is var1 and [1] is var2, None for values not
in one of the dictionaries (you can put in 0 if you prefer).
You can use it like so to generate your output:
allitems=result.items()
allitems.sort() # sort based on keys as first tuple element
for (key,(var1,var2)) in allitems:
print key,var1,var2
HTH
Tino
smime.p7s
Description: S/MIME Cryptographic Signature
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Re: [ctypes-users] ctypes - loading 'librsvg-2-2.dll'
Thanks Martin (and others) for your advice. No, this solution didn't
quite work either. Well, the extremely annoying thing is that it DOES
work on another home pc, but on my laptop which I use for work, it
doesn't want to know!!! Both are running WinXP Pro. All the dependencies
and paths seem to be okay, but there must still be something that I'm
missing.
Tim
Martin (gzlist) wrote:
On 26/08/2008, Tim Grove [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Any ideas why a particular dll won't load on Windows XP Pro using
ctypes?
I'm going to take a stab in the dark here and suggest it's because you
have multiple (different) copies of iconv.dll on your PATH.
l=CDLL(r'D:\SILSign\librsvg-2-2.dll')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File input, line 1, in module
File C:\PYTHON25\LIB\ctypes\__init__.py, line 349, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
WindowsError: [Error 127] The specified procedure could not be found
I get this on my current setup, where I've been messing around trying
to recompile lynx against iconv. I also get a popup saying The
procedure entry point libiconv_set_relocation_prefix could not be
located in the dynamic link library iconv.dll.
Doing this worked for me:
C:\set PATH=C:\Program Files\Common Files\GTK\2.0\bin
C:\C:\Python24\python.exe -c import ctypes; print
ctypes.CDLL('librsvg-2-2')
CDLL 'librsvg-2-2', handle 68e4 at bd9b50
Change the paths to your equivalents and try it, see if you have the
same or a similar dependency problem.
Martin
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source for the property function
Anyone know where the source code for the built-in property function is located in a python distribution? I would like to see how it works - mainly, how does it know which class it is being called from? Thanks, Rowland -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax (was: Py 2.6 changes)
On 02 Sep 2008 06:10:51 GMT, Steven D'Aprano wrote: At the risk of bike-shedding, [snip] (startled noises) It is a delight to find a reference to that half-century-old essay (High Finance) by the wonderful C. Northcote Parkinson, but how many readers will catch the allusion? -- To email me, substitute nowhere-spamcop, invalid-net. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
email.Message problem
Hi all,
i know i'm probably going to ask a very silly question, but i
can't figure out where i'm doing wrong just reading the docs.
trying to build and send a mail message using the email.* modules
(with python 2.5).
a simplified version of my script that breaks is this:
mailtest.py
--
# coding: ISO-8859-15
import os, mimetypes, smtplib, base64, StringIO
import email.message, email.header, email.generator
messg = email.message.Message()
messg.set_charset('ISO-8859-15')
messg['To'] = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
messg['From'] = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
messg['Subject'] = email.header.Header(This is a test., 'ISO-8859-15')
messg[Message-ID] = email.Utils.make_msgid()
messg[Content-type] = Multipart/mixed
messg.preamble = Mime test\n
pl = email.Message.Message()
pl.add_header(Content-type, text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-15)
pl.add_header(Content-transfer-encoding, 8bit)
pl.set_payload(Body text goes here.\n, 'ISO-8859-15')
messg.attach(pl)
messg.as_string()
--
running it gives:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File mailtest.py, line 22, in module
messg.as_string()
File /usr/lib/python2.5/email/message.py, line 131, in as_string
g.flatten(self, unixfrom=unixfrom)
File /usr/lib/python2.5/email/generator.py, line 84, in flatten
self._write(msg)
File /usr/lib/python2.5/email/generator.py, line 109, in _write
self._dispatch(msg)
File /usr/lib/python2.5/email/generator.py, line 135, in _dispatch
meth(msg)
File /usr/lib/python2.5/email/generator.py, line 175, in
_handle_text
raise TypeError('string payload expected: %s' % type(payload))
TypeError: string payload expected: type 'list'
the real case is just a little more complex: i have to attach some
files and then send the message with smtplib to a list of recipients.
no problems when attaching files etc., but when i try to get the
message value 'flattened' to pass it to smtplib i always get an error
as above.
it seems to work only if i don't use .attach but just .set_payload in
the main message, but in this case i cannot attach the extra files
(or maybe i'm wrong in this?)
any help (or pointers to docs/examples etc) are very appreciated :-)
10x,
C.
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Re: Changing the (codec) error handler for the stdout/stderr streams in Python 3.0
Jukka Aho wrote: Just a tip for those who are only just cutting their teeth on Python 3.0 and might have encountered the same problem as I did: When a Python (3.x) program is run on a terminal that only supports a legacy character encoding - such as Latin 1 or Codepage 437 - all characters printed to stdout will be automatically converted from the interpreter's internal Unicode representation to this legacy character set. Python 5 is even stricter. Only ASCII (chars 0..127) can be sent to standard output by default. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
pyparsing: match empty line
Hi,
I am trying to get this stuff working, but I still fail.
I have a format which consists of three elements:
\d{4}M?-\d (4 numbers, optional M, dash, another number)
EMPTY (the EMPTY token)
[Empty line] (the PAGEBREAK token. The line may contain whitespaces,
but nothing else)
While the ``watchname`` and ``leaveempty`` were trivial, I cannot get
``pagebreak`` to work properly.
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
from pyparsing import (Word, Literal, Optional, Group, OneOrMore, Regex,
Combine, ParserElement, nums, LineStart, LineEnd, White,
replaceWith)
ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(' \t\r')
watchseries = Word(nums, exact=4)
watchrev = Word(nums, exact=1)
watchname = Combine(watchseries + Optional('M') + '-' + watchrev)
leaveempty = Literal('EMPTY')
def breaks(s, loc, tokens):
print repr(tokens[0])
#return ['PAGEBREAK' for token in tokens[0]]
return ['PAGEBREAK']
#pagebreak = Regex('^\s*$').setParseAction(breaks)
pagebreak = LineStart() + LineEnd().setParseAction(replaceWith
('PAGEBREAK'))
parser = OneOrMore(watchname ^ pagebreak ^ leaveempty)
tests = [
2134M-2,
3245-3
3456M-5,
3256-4
4563-4,
4562M-6
EMPTY
3246-5
]
for test in tests:
print parser.parseString(test)
The output should be:
['2134M-2']
['3245-3', '3456M-5']
['3256-4', 'PAGEBREAK' '4563-4']
['4562M-6', 'EMPTY', '3246-5']
Thanks in advance!
regards,
Marek
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Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
I have a bunch of files consisting of moviereviews. For each file I construct a list of reviews and then for each new file I merge the reviews so that in the end have a list of reviewers and for each reviewer all their reviews. What is the fastest way to do this? 1. Create one file with reviews, open next file an for each review see if the reviewer exists, then add the review else create new reviewer. 2. create all the separate files with reviews then mergesort them? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: source for the property function
Rowland Smith schrieb: Anyone know where the source code for the built-in property function is located in a python distribution? I would like to see how it works - mainly, how does it know which class it is being called from? Google the descriptor protocol for new-style classes. That explains it. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Changing the (codec) error handler for the stdout/stderr streams in Python 3.0
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 09:57:05 -0700, John Nagle wrote: Jukka Aho wrote: Just a tip for those who are only just cutting their teeth on Python 3.0 and might have encountered the same problem as I did: When a Python (3.x) program is run on a terminal that only supports a legacy character encoding - such as Latin 1 or Codepage 437 - all characters printed to stdout will be automatically converted from the interpreter's internal Unicode representation to this legacy character set. Python 5 is even stricter. Only ASCII (chars 0..127) can be sent to standard output by default. Python 5??? Is this the time machine again? -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to write verbose scripts
I find myself writing command line tools in Python where I wish to include verbose output to stdout. I start with a helper function: def print_(obj, level=0): if _verbosity = level: print obj And then I end up with functions or methods looking like this: def parrot(x) print_(precondition, level=2) do_something() print_(status is good..., level=1) print_(parrot is squawking strongly now, level=2) do_something_else() print_(squawk squawk squawk, level=3) do_more() print_(postcondition, level=1) return something That often means that my functions end up with more message printing code than actual code. The whole thing seems messy and hard to manage for all but the smallest scripts. Worst of all, sometimes the messages I wish to print may be expensive to compute, and I don't want to waste time computing them if they aren't going to be printed because the verbosity is too low. But nor do I wish to fill my code with this: if _verbosity = 3: x = calculate_complicated_thing() print_(x, level=3) Is there a better way of doing this than the way I am going about it? -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write verbose scripts
On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 12:55 PM, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Is there a better way of doing this than the way I am going about it? Would the logging module help, and just print the output to the stdout (or a file) instead? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 09:48:32 -0700, cnb wrote: I have a bunch of files consisting of moviereviews. For each file I construct a list of reviews and then for each new file I merge the reviews so that in the end have a list of reviewers and for each reviewer all their reviews. What is the fastest way to do this? Use the timeit module to find out. 1. Create one file with reviews, open next file an for each review see if the reviewer exists, then add the review else create new reviewer. 2. create all the separate files with reviews then mergesort them? The answer will depend on whether you have three reviews or three million, whether each review is twenty words or twenty thousand words, and whether you have to do the merging once only or over and over again. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (in memory) database
Zentrader wrote: I don't understand why Cameron has a different version of Python which doesn't seem to have sqlite support enabled. Agreed, but won't the package manager tell him if python-sqlite is installed? That would be the next step since it appears that SQLite intself is already installed. Since Ubuntu uses precompied binaries, Python should be configured for SQLite which again leaves no python- sqlite as the only possibility (yeah right). BTW Python is easy to install manually. When you install Python manually from source you need the header files for sqlite3 to get sqlite3 support. These are in the libsqlite3-dev package. I think you can distinguish a manually installed python from the packaged one by the .../local/... in its path, e. g., on my machine $ which python2.5 # in the distribution /usr/bin/python2.5 $ which python2.6 /usr/local/bin/python2.6 # installed from source I have installed libsqlite3-dev so I can't reproduce Cameron's error, but here's a similar one for bsddb: $ python2.5 Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Jul 31 2008, 23:17:43) [GCC 4.1.3 20070929 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.2-16ubuntu2)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import bsddb bsddb.__file__ '/usr/lib/python2.5/bsddb/__init__.pyc' $ python2.6 Python 2.6b2+ (trunk:65902, Aug 20 2008, 08:38:26) [GCC 4.1.3 20070929 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.2-16ubuntu2)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import bsddb Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module File /usr/local/lib/python2.6/bsddb/__init__.py, line 58, in module import _bsddb ImportError: No module named _bsddb Peter PS: Yes, I'm using 2.6, but I don't think that's relevant for the problem. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax
On 02 Sep 2008 06:10:51 GMT, Steven D'Aprano wrote: At the risk of bike-shedding, [snip] Peter Pearson wrote: (startled noises) It is a delight to find a reference to that half-century-old essay (High Finance) by the wonderful C. Northcote Parkinson, but how many readers will catch the allusion? It is pretty common geek speek: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_of_the_bikeshed Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is module initialization?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: # myglobals.py: answer = 42 # question.py import myglobals myglobals.answer = WTF ? But if I do :- #question.py from myglobals import * myglobals.answer = WTF ? will this work? with the above definition of myglobals, no. from myglobals import doesn't add the module object to the importing module's namespace. have you read: http://effbot.org/zone/import-confusion.htm ? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax
Peter Pearson wrote: (startled noises) It is a delight to find a reference to that half-century-old essay (High Finance) by the wonderful C. Northcote Parkinson, but how many readers will catch the allusion? anyone that's been involved in open source on the development side for more than, say, ten minutes. http://www.bikeshed.com/ /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: source for the property function
Rowland Smith wrote: Anyone know where the source code for the built-in property function is located in a python distribution? I would like to see how it works - mainly, how does it know which class it is being called from? Property is not a function but a type. Properties are a common usage for the descriptor protocol. You can find the implementation of the property type in the file http://svn.python.org/projects/python/branches/release25-maint/Objects/descrobject.c Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
converting a sed / grep / awk / . . . bash pipe line into python
Hi,
Something I have to do very often is filtering / transforming line
based file contents and storing the result in an array or a
dictionary.
Very often the functionallity exists already in form of a shell script
with sed / awk / grep , . . .
and I would like to have the same implementation in my script
What's a compact, efficient (no intermediate arrays generated /
regexps compiled only once) way in python
for such kind of 'pipe line'
Example 1 (in bash): (annotated with comment (thus not working) if
copied / pasted
#---
cat file \ ### read from file
| sed 's/\.\..*//' \### remove '//' comments
| sed 's/#.*//' \ ### remove '#' comments
| grep -v '^\s*$' \### get rid of empty lines
| awk '{ print $1 + $2 $2 }' \ ### knowing, that all remaining
lines contain always at least
\ ### two integers calculate
sum and 'keep' second number
| grep '^42 ' ### keep lines for which sum is 42
| awk '{ print $2 }' ### print number
Same example in perl:
# I guess (but didn't try), taht the perl example will create more
intermediate
# data structures than necessary.
# Ideally the python implementation shouldn't do this, but just
'chain' iterators.
#---
my $filename= file;
open(my $fh,$filename) or die failed opening file $filename;
# order of 'pipeline' is syntactically reversed (if compared to shell
script)
my @numbers =
map { $_-[1] } # extract num 2
grep { $_-[0] == 42 } # keep lines with result 42
map { [ $_-[0]+$_-[1],$_-[1] ] } # calculate sum of first two
nums and keep second num
map { [ split(' ',$_,3) ] } # split by white space
grep { ! ($_ =~ /^\s*$/) }# remove empty lines
map { $_ =~ s/#.*//; $_} # strip '#' comments
map { $_ =~ s/\/\/.*// ; $_} # strip '//' comments
$fh;
print Numbers are:\n,join(\n,@numbers),\n;
thanks in advance for any suggestions of how to code this (keeping the
comments)
H
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problems when working with different timezones
Here's some Python code executed on Red Hat 3.4 web server located in Mountain time (MDT). You'll notice that the time after setting the timezone to Eastern time (EST), the time is incorrectly 6 hours ahead, when it should only be 3. Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Mar 23 2007, 14:22:20) [GCC 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-3)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import datetime, os datetime.datetime.today() datetime.datetime(2008, 9, 2, 11, 25, 35, 39856) os.environ['TZ']='America/New_York' datetime.datetime.today() datetime.datetime(2008, 9, 2, 17, 26, 0, 703537) Here's the same thing executed on an Ubuntu box in EST. I alter the timezone to a MDT and it works as one would expect. Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Apr 21 2008, 11:12:42) [GCC 4.2.3 (Ubuntu 4.2.3-2ubuntu7)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import datetime, os datetime.datetime.today() datetime.datetime(2008, 9, 2, 13, 11, 6, 438123) os.environ['TZ'] = 'America/Denver' datetime.datetime.today() datetime.datetime(2008, 9, 2, 11, 11, 21, 43602) What could be the reason for this failing on Red Hat? Keith -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Relative imports and import X as Y
Gabriel Genellina wrote: En Sun, 31 Aug 2008 07:27:12 -0300, Wojtek Walczak [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: On Sun, 31 Aug 2008 06:40:35 GMT, OKB (not okblacke) wrote: Download the latest beta for your system and give it a try. Thanks for the advice, but I'd really rather not deal with installing the entire thing alongside my existing version, possibly causing conflicts in who knows what ways. Then you can download tar.gz package, compile it, and try it without installing :-) Or use a virtual machine, or a live CD. Gosh, thanks, everyone, for being so helpful! -- --OKB (not okblacke) Brendan Barnwell Do not follow where the path may lead. Go, instead, where there is no path, and leave a trail. --author unknown -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (in memory) database
On 2 Sep, 17:38, Zentrader [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't understand why Cameron has a different version of Python which doesn't seem to have sqlite support enabled. Agreed, but won't the package manager tell him if python-sqlite is installed? It shouldn't need to be installed: the python2.5 package includes the sqlite3 module and the _sqlite extension module. He's running a more modern version of Ubuntu than I am, but I don't think that they've reintroduced the python-sqlite package in any form. That would be the next step since it appears that SQLite intself is already installed. Since Ubuntu uses precompied binaries, Python should be configured for SQLite which again leaves no python- sqlite as the only possibility (yeah right). BTW Python is easy to install manually. Indeed, which is why I think that there must be a manually installed Python on his system, especially given that /usr/local/lib/python2.5/ sqlite3/__init__.py is one of the files mentioned in the traceback. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write verbose scripts
On Sep 2, 11:55 am, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] cybersource.com.au wrote: I find myself writing command line tools in Python where I wish to include verbose output to stdout. I start with a helper function: def print_(obj, level=0): if _verbosity = level: print obj And then I end up with functions or methods looking like this: def parrot(x) print_(precondition, level=2) do_something() print_(status is good..., level=1) print_(parrot is squawking strongly now, level=2) do_something_else() print_(squawk squawk squawk, level=3) do_more() print_(postcondition, level=1) return something That often means that my functions end up with more message printing code than actual code. The whole thing seems messy and hard to manage for all but the smallest scripts. Worst of all, sometimes the messages I wish to print may be expensive to compute, and I don't want to waste time computing them if they aren't going to be printed because the verbosity is too low. But nor do I wish to fill my code with this: if _verbosity = 3: x = calculate_complicated_thing() print_(x, level=3) Is there a better way of doing this than the way I am going about it? I do something like this, although I don't know if it would be an improvement. def collatz(a,p): 3x+1 sequencer, no loop detection collatz(a,p) a: starting value p: print options (binary) bit 0 print even numbers (turns off power division) bit 1 print odd numbers bit 2 print debug (if any) returns: CollatzSequenceParameters [R1count, R2count] ONE = gmpy.mpz(1) TWO = gmpy.mpz(2) TWE = gmpy.mpz(3) a = gmpy.mpz(a) t = 0 u = 0 done = 0 if (p 1)==1: print_evens = True else: print_evens = False if (p 2)==2: print_odds = True else: print_odds = False if (p 4)==4: print_debug = True else: print_debug = False while done==0: f = gmpy.scan1(a,0) # locate LS 1-bit if f0: # it's even if print_evens: print a, a = a 1 # no power division u += 1 else: a = a f # power division u += f else: if print_odds: print a, if a==1: done = 1 seq_end = t + u else: a = a*TWE + ONE t += 1 return [u,t] -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
On Sep 2, 7:06 pm, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] cybersource.com.au wrote: On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 09:48:32 -0700, cnb wrote: I have a bunch of files consisting of moviereviews. For each file I construct a list of reviews and then for each new file I merge the reviews so that in the end have a list of reviewers and for each reviewer all their reviews. What is the fastest way to do this? Use the timeit module to find out. 1. Create one file with reviews, open next file an for each review see if the reviewer exists, then add the review else create new reviewer. 2. create all the separate files with reviews then mergesort them? The answer will depend on whether you have three reviews or three million, whether each review is twenty words or twenty thousand words, and whether you have to do the merging once only or over and over again. -- Steven I merge once. each review has 3 fields, date rating customerid. in total ill be parsing between 10K and 100K, eventually 450K reviews. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
over 17000 files... netflixprize. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I adjust the font size on IDLE when running on Mac OS 10.5.4? TIA.
Same as on all the other platforms. 1. Open IDLE 2. Go Options - Configure IDLE... 3. Choose the Fonts/Tabs section 4. Use the Size pulldown box - Chris On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 6:26 AM, Malcolm Lewis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- Follow the path of the Iguana... http://rebertia.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
I think you really want use a relational database of some sort for this. On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 2:02 PM, cnb [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: over 17000 files... netflixprize. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: converting a sed / grep / awk / . . . bash pipe line into python
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 10:36:50 -0700, hofer wrote:
sed 's/\.\..*//' \### remove '//' comments | sed 's/#.*//'
Comment does not match the code. Or vice versa. :-)
Untested:
from __future__ import with_statement
from itertools import ifilter, ifilterfalse, imap
def is_junk(line):
line = line.rstrip()
return not line or line.startswith('//') or line.startswith('#')
def extract_numbers(line):
result = map(int, line.split()[:2])
assert len(result) == 2
return result
def main():
with open('test.txt') as lines:
clean_lines = ifilterfalse(is_junk, lines)
pairs = imap(extract_numbers, clean_lines)
print '\n'.join(b for a, b in pairs if a + b == 42)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
cnb [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: For each file I construct a list of reviews and then for each new file I merge the reviews so that in the end have a list of reviewers and for each reviewer all their reviews. What is the fastest way to do this? Scan through all the files sequentially, emitting records like (movie, reviewer, review) Then use an external sort utility to sort/merge that output file on each of the 3 columns. Beats writing code. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
rope class (heavyweight string)
Does anyone want to talk about a Rope implementation in Python? It doesn't get faster than the native strings until about 2 megs. P.S. Didn't your momma ever tell you not to talk on newsgroups? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: source for the property function
Rowland Smith a écrit : Anyone know where the source code for the built-in property function Actually, it's a class, not a function. is located in a python distribution? property being a builtin type, you should find it somewhere in the CPython's C source AFAICT. I would like to see how it works - mainly, how does it know which class it is being called from? No need to look at the source for this - it's just an application of the descriptor protocol. Look up the doc on python.org, or google for python descriptor protocol. FWIW, it's the same protocol that is used for turning functions into methods, and writing your own custom descriptors is trivial. HTH -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inquiry regarding the name of subprocess.Popen class
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 11:39:09 -0400, Derek Martin wrote: On Tue, Sep 02, 2008 at 01:57:26PM +, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: I would argue that they don't represent processes at all; the object is a set of files which connect the standard I/O streams of a subprocess to its parent, and methods to operate on those files. And the process' ID, an attribute with the process' return code, a method to wait until the process is finished and file objects to communicate with the process. The name popen is an abbreviation of pipe open -- the function, and the class, open pipes to communicate with another process. What you said is correct; however there are numerous other ways to open subprocesses. The focus of popen is the communication aspect -- the opening and control of the pipes -- not the subprocess. That's the key difference between popen() and all the other methods of starting a subprocess. But I'm not talking about the `popen()` function but the `subprocess.Popen` class. The C library's popen() function, on which this class is based, provides a means to open a file and connect it to the standard steams of a subprocess, making it more closely analogous to what the Popen class does/provides. As such, Popen is a better name to describe this object than subprocess would be. Is strongly disagree. The class provides an interface to start and communicate with a `Subprocess`. Instances stand for processes. There's more than one way to look at it. You can disagree all you like, but your interpretation disagrees with the historical intent of popen. That's why I think the name `Popen` is not so good for it. Because it does more than `popen()` and if it is called `Subprocess` or just `Process` then it would be merely an implementation detail, that the `popen()` function is called at some point. If it is at all, because `popen()` on C level can just open a pipe in *one* direction. Note that in all of these links that talk about popen, the focus is on opening pipes or file objects, not on subprocesses: http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/popen.html http://docs.python.org/lib/os-newstreams.html http://us3.php.net/popen http://docs.hp.com/en/B9106-90010/popen.3S.html http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/ch07s02.html And all of the links talk about the `popen()` function, not about the functionality the `Popen` class provides. Which is much more than that simple pipe `popen()` returns. The Linux man page unfortunately copies (verbatim) the FreeBSD man page, which gets it wrong. You can not open a process, but you can definitely open a pipe. Ah, when their terminology doesn't match yours, they must get it wrong. ;-) Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Large amount of files to parse/organize, tips on algorithm?
On Sep 2, 1:02 pm, cnb [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: over 17000 files... netflixprize. http://wiki.python.org/moin/NetflixPrizeBOF specifically: http://pyflix.python-hosting.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric literal syntax
On Tue, 02 Sep 2008 17:18:58 GMT, Alan G Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 02 Sep 2008 06:10:51 GMT, Steven D'Aprano wrote: At the risk of bike-shedding, [snip] Peter Pearson wrote: (startled noises) It is a delight to find a reference to that half-century-old essay (High Finance) by the wonderful C. Northcote Parkinson, but how many readers will catch the allusion? It is pretty common geek speek: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_of_the_bikeshed Ah, the wondrous Wiki. I thought I was a geek, for the past 40 years; but maybe its time for me to be demoted to the dad on whose bookshelf you'll find that old book. -- To email me, substitute nowhere-spamcop, invalid-net. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write verbose scripts
Steven D'Aprano schrieb: I find myself writing command line tools in Python where I wish to include verbose output to stdout. I start with a helper function: def print_(obj, level=0): if _verbosity = level: print obj And then I end up with functions or methods looking like this: def parrot(x) print_(precondition, level=2) do_something() print_(status is good..., level=1) print_(parrot is squawking strongly now, level=2) do_something_else() print_(squawk squawk squawk, level=3) do_more() print_(postcondition, level=1) return something That often means that my functions end up with more message printing code than actual code. The whole thing seems messy and hard to manage for all but the smallest scripts. Worst of all, sometimes the messages I wish to print may be expensive to compute, and I don't want to waste time computing them if they aren't going to be printed because the verbosity is too low. But nor do I wish to fill my code with this: if _verbosity = 3: x = calculate_complicated_thing() print_(x, level=3) Is there a better way of doing this than the way I am going about it? I use the logging-module. Regarding the expensive computations: maysomething like this help: class DeferredToString(object): def __init__(self, func): self.func = func def __repr__(self): return repr(self.func()) def __str__(self): return str(self.func()) dts = DeferredToString Because then you can do logger.debug(Some text for an: %r, dts(lambda: long_computation())) Because AFAIK the string is only interpolated if the logging level is actually put out. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: about downloading the selected information
En Tue, 02 Sep 2008 09:47:46 -0300, woaibeiyang [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: I have a problem to download the information from url http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez. Because it is impossible for me to add searching material to the url to construct a new url and then visit the website. I have the searching material, however I could not find the way to deal with this problem. I want to know how can I do this problem with python and which part of knowledge should I view first? Thanks! Use an HTTP tracer (or logger, or sniffer...) to see the request that the browser sends to the server. Then analyze the page source to figure out how the different options modify the request sent. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is module initialization?
On Tue, Sep 2, 2008 at 6:22 PM, Fredrik Lundh [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: # myglobals.py: answer = 42 # question.py import myglobals myglobals.answer = WTF ? But if I do :- #question.py from myglobals import * myglobals.answer = WTF ? will this work? with the above definition of myglobals, no. from myglobals import doesn't add the module object to the importing module's namespace. have you read: http://effbot.org/zone/import-confusion.htm ? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list Thanks for your help guys that I got my problem resolved. Regards, Rajat -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
synthetic properties
I'm trying to come up with solution for adding synthetic properties to python, similar to synthetic properties in Objective-C. I'm playing around with doing this in a MetaClass. I can dynamically create the attributes that will back the property, but I'm having trouble figuring out how to dynamically generate get/set methods to pass to the built-in property() function. Is it possible to define a lambda or a callable object that will act as a getter method (or setter, that takes a value argument) during MetaClass.__init__? The hard part I'm guessing is getting the current instance passed into the getter. This is my first foray into MetaClasses and dynamic functions/methods so any pointers are greatly appreciated. class ObjectivePythonObject( type ) : def __new__( cls, name, bases, dct ) : #print Allocating memory for class, name return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, dct ) def __init__( cls, name, bases, dct ) : #print Initializing class, name for propertyInfo in cls.synthesized : property = propertyInfo[ 0 ] defaultValue = propertyInfo[ 1 ] print property setattr( cls, '_' + property, defaultValue ) # Create property with get/set methods... class Person( object ) : __metaclass__ = ObjectivePythonObject synthesized = [ ( 'name', 'BobC' ), ( 'age', '48' ) ] def __init__( self ) : print self._name print self._age Thanks, Rowland -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: email.Message problem
En Tue, 02 Sep 2008 13:04:18 -0300, Corrado Gioannini [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Hi all, i know i'm probably going to ask a very silly question, but i can't figure out where i'm doing wrong just reading the docs. trying to build and send a mail message using the email.* modules (with python 2.5). a simplified version of my script that breaks is this: mailtest.py messg = email.message.Message() Replace this line with: messg = email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart() *OR* Set the Content-Type header to multipart/mixed *before* anything else. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: configure kdevelop for python
On Sunday 31 August 2008 10:29, Sindhu wrote: am a newbie to python language and kdevelop, so i would like to know how to configure kdevelop for python programming? complete with a debugger? Maybe asking on the kdevelop mailing list will yield a helpful answer: http://lists.kde.org/?l=kdevelopr=1w=2 David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
