Re: Where are documentation for Gnome
On Sat, 13 Oct 2012 20:14:50 +0200, Kwpolska wrote: > https://live.gnome.org/EyeOfGnome/Plugins#Python > > That is all the documentation in existence for Python plugins. > > Examples: > http://git.gnome.org/browse/eog-plugins/tree/plugins/slideshowshuffle > http://git.gnome.org/browse/eog-plugins/tree/plugins/pythonconsole > > The C code may be of use: > > http://ftp.acc.umu.se/pub/GNOME/sources/eog/3.6/eog-3.6.0.tar.xz > > Have fun— oh wait. You can’t, because PyGTK is an unreadable mess. > And you are working with undocumented stuff. Also, it is irrelevant ... Gnome3 doesn't use PyGTK, you want PyGIO (for example https://live.gnome.org/PyGObject/IntrospectionPorting and other links to PyGIO). Hint: if you install gobject-introsepction-devel (or whatever is the name of the package in your distro), you will get in devhelp quite a nice documentation, and also a lot of stuff to read in / usr/share/gir-*/. Best, Matěj -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: delete xml elements - using xpath search
Tharanga Abeyseela, 16.10.2012 05:57: > i need to delete the following pattern and its parent node from my xml > file (IF THE SEARCH STRING FOUND) > > NC > > if i find the above particular string , i need to delete the XML > elements (parent of the element. problem is i have different > parent nodes with different names.. > > like > > > xxx > xxx > NC > > > > > xxx > NC > > > > xxx > xxx > M > > > > as an example, i need to remove section and section > from my xml, (because it has the word NC) but need to keep > > can someone point me to the correct direction, or code snippet Use the xml.etree.ElementTree module. Just parse() in the file, iterate over the nodes, use the findtext() method to search for the text of "Rating" tags and compare it to "NC". Keep the nodes that don't match. Stefan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Which book is the best?
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:27 AM, 老爷 wrote: > I have strong c++ development experience. But now I want to study the > python to do some windows setting task, such as editing file, changing the > system setting, doing some network processing. Please help me which book is > the best? > > Definitely command line apps/command line usage. I could recommend google searches, but use the calls to the OS, and you can accomplish a good bit of things. -- Best Regards, David Hutto CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: OT Questions
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:05 AM, Dwight Hutto wrote: > Like a lot of people here, I'm trying to build a web development business. > I'm starting off by building a profile on a freelance site. > > I would like some honest opinions(don't be too harsh, or you can be, that's > what it's about), about my approach. > I'm looking for a team effort to analyze my marketability. > > This is just my prototype freelance portfolio: > > https://www.odesk.com/users/~01710ac049863018eb > > -- > Best Regards, > David Hutto > CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- Best Regards, David Hutto CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Mon, 15 Oct 2012 18:21:55 -0700, alex23 wrote:
> On Oct 16, 5:52 am, Chris Angelico wrote:
>> Surely there's a shorter way to rot13 a piece of text? CODE GOLF!
>
> In Python2: "a piece of string".encode('rot13') :)
And in Python 3, unfortunately there has been a right-royal mess made of
the codecs system:
http://bugs.python.org/issue7475
So I expect that in Python 3.4 this will work:
"a piece of string".transform('rot13')
or this:
import codecs
codecs.encode('a piece of string', 'rot13')
but who knows really?
--
Steven
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Is there a way to create kernel log messages via Python?
Hi... I have a bit of code that does the following: uses the syslog module to inject a LOG_INFO message into the syslog on my linux machine runs a suspend/resume cycle uses the syslog module to inkect a LOG_INFO message marking the end of test. Then I parse everything between the start and stop markers for certain items that the Linux kernel logs during a suspend and resume cycle. But my "resume complete" timing is not as accurate as it could be. The problem with doing it this way is that while I can find definite kernel messages that mark various points in the suspend/resume cycle, the final message when the kernel is done resuming is NOT the point I actually want to mark. Instead, the end point I want is the time of the ending marker itself, as this happens after certain other things are done such as resumption of networking services. Here's the problem. I can't just use syslog timestamps. The reason is that the syslog timestamps are only indicative of when messages are written to syslog via syslogd. The kernel timestamps are different. For example, the following bits of log are taken from the time the test starts until the end of the "going to sleep" kernel messages. First, note that there's a 5 second difference between the START marker and the first kernel message. Next, look at the kernel timestamps. The total real time to suspend starts at 421320.380947 and ends at 421322.386355, around 2 seconds later, where the log messages themselves all state that the events occurred at the same time. Oct 15 10:24:19 klaatu sleep_test: ---SLEEP TEST START 1350296656--- Oct 15 10:25:24 klaatu kernel: [421320.380947] PM: Syncing filesystems ... done. Oct 15 10:25:24 klaatu kernel: [421320.391282] PM: Preparing system for mem sleep [SNIP] Oct 15 10:25:24 klaatu kernel: [421322.282943] Broke affinity for irq 23 Oct 15 10:25:24 klaatu kernel: [421322.386355] CPU 7 is now offline So, what I REALLY want is to inject my start/stop markers into klogd rather than syslogd. This will, I hope, give my markers kernel timestamps rather than syslog timestamps which are not as accurate. So does anyone know of a way to do this? Unfortunately, I've tried some searching but google doesn't like the term klog, and most of the hits involved injecting code or other things that are not related at all. Or, if there's a better way to get accurate timestamps, what would that be? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: LinkedIn Python group discussions
On Sun, Oct 14, 2012 at 7:42 AM, Mark Lawrence wrote: > I've been sparked into raising the subject as this has just come up "Does > Jython/Python fall short of true POSIX thread parallelism?". I'm not > qualified to comment and I recognise relatively few names amongst the people > who do participate over there. I subscribe to many lists, but you're not going to find people interested in certain aspects of programming. The last thing I'd want would be FUD or > worse still complete crap being written in response to any thread and me not > being in a position to reply. If you're on the right mailing list, and you can use google for a little research, then it's very unlikely you'll get bs'd Is this something for the Python community > here to be thinking about? Not really. These are specific things being questioned that might have something to do with python, but are mainly specific to certain areas of computing that involve python, but need to be solved by others in other areas of computing/utilization of python. Sometimes it's their problem, but sometimes it's pythons, which does need to be analyzed and corrected for specific systems/OS's. -- Best Regards, David Hutto CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
easy_install says "not a recognized archive type" Windows Py3
Hello, I'm new to Python, have v3.0 32bit installed on Windows 7, installed distribute, now trying to install pymysql and am getting the below error. Any pointers on how to fix? thanks!! -Noah [C:\Python32]pip install --upgrade distribute Real name of requirement distribute is distribute Requirement already up-to-date: distribute in c:\python32\lib\site-packages\dist ribute-0.6.28-py3.2.egg Cleaning up... [C:\Python32]easy_install pymysql Searching for pymysql Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/pymysql/ Couldn't find index page for 'pymysql' (maybe misspelled?) Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while) Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/ Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/PyMySQL/ Reading http://code.google.com/p/pymysql Best match: PyMySQL 0.5 Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/P/PyMySQL/PyMySQL-0.5.tar.gz# md5=125e8a3449e05afcb04874a19673426b Processing PyMySQL-0.5.tar.gz error: Not a recognized archive type: c:\users\noahco~1\appdata\local\temp\easy_ install-gpekqc\PyMySQL-0.5.tar.gz -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
In article , rusi wrote: > On Oct 15, 9:00 pm, John Gordon wrote: > > In Debashish Saha > > writes: > > > > > how to insert random error in a programming? > > > > Open the program source file and replace the Nth character with a random > > character. > > I'm reminded of a description of vi: > > A program with two modes, one in which it beeps and the other in which > it corrupts your file. All the vi you need to know: : q ! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Oct 15, 9:00 pm, John Gordon wrote: > In Debashish Saha > writes: > > > how to insert random error in a programming? > > Open the program source file and replace the Nth character with a random > character. I'm reminded of a description of vi: A program with two modes, one in which it beeps and the other in which it corrupts your file. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Fastest web framework
On Oct 15, 11:40 pm, Andriy Kornatskyy wrote: > Comments or suggestions are welcome. Performance speed is possibly the least interesting aspect of web frameworks; ease of use & readily re-usable 3rd party code figures much higher, IMO. Rather than constantly hammer on about performance, maybe you could take the time to explain any other advantages your framework provides. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Oct 16, 5:52 am, Chris Angelico wrote:
> Surely there's a shorter way to rot13 a piece of text? CODE GOLF!
In Python2: "a piece of string".encode('rot13') :)
> At very least, a single cryptic expression in place of your nice clear
> loops MUST be an improvement.
>
> d = dict((chr(i+c),chr((i+13)%26+c))for i in range(26)for c in(65,97))
Do I get points for explicitness?
import string as s
print "a piece of text".translate(
s.maketrans(
s.letters,
s.letters[:26][13:]+s.letters[:26][:13]+s.letters[26:]
[13:]+s.letters[26:][:13]
)
)
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Re: Exception Messages
On Mon, 15 Oct 2012 09:00:15 -0700, Wanderer wrote: > How do you get Exceptions to print messages? I have an exception defined > like this > > class PvCamError(Exception): > def __init__(self, msg): > self.msg = msg Please don't invent yet another interface for exception messages. Exceptions already have two defined interfaces for accessing the error message: exception.message # older, now obsolete, and gone in Python 3. exception.args # recommended way Please use the same interface that nearly all exceptions already have and use an "args" argument. The easiest way to do this is also the simplest: class PvCamError(Exception): pass If you *must* support "msg", do something like this: class PvCamError(Exception): def __init__(self, msg, *args): super(PvCamError, self).__init__(msg, *args) # see footnote [1] self.msg = msg [1] If you're using Python 3, you can abbreviate the super call to: super().__init__(self, msg, *args) -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Mon, 15 Oct 2012 19:25:38 +0530, Debashish Saha wrote: > how to insert random error in a programming? While editing the source code, have your cat walk across the keyboard. I really think you need to explain your question better. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Using pipe_controller to swap pipe components at runtime
I added a couple of methods / functions to my pipe_controller Python module, the Python tool to experiment with pipelined functions within a program. With these additions, it is now possible to swap the components of a pipe_controller 'pipe' programmatically, at runtime (*), and then run the pipe again (all within the same program), with differing results (from before and after the swap). (*) Instead of having to edit the source code to change the order in which the functions in the pipe are called, that change of order can be done programmatically, via a swap_processors() method. Blog post about it: http://jugad2.blogspot.in/2012/10/swapping-pipe-components-at-runtime.html The post includes snippets of the added methods / functions, and a sample run of a test program that demonstrates the new component-swapping feature. The latest code with the above changes is on Bitbucket at: https://bitbucket.org/vasudevram/pipe_controller - Vasudev Ram www.dancingbison.com jugad2.blogspot.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15 October 2012 20:51, Chris Angelico wrote:
> On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 6:28 AM, Mark Lawrence
> wrote:
> > I like clearly written code like this
> >
> > "
> > d = {}
> > for c in (65, 97):
> > for i in range(26):
> > d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c)
> >
> > print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])
>
> Surely there's a shorter way to rot13 a piece of text? CODE GOLF!
>
> At very least, a single cryptic expression in place of your nice clear
> loops MUST be an improvement.
>
> d = dict((chr(i+c),chr((i+13)%26+c))for i in range(26)for c in(65,97))
>
> And with superfluous spaces removed like that, it takes 0.02
> jiggawatts less power in DeLorean Python.
>
> print("".join(chr([[ł,(ł+21)%26+96],[ł%26+65]][64<ł<91][96<ł<123])for ł in
> map(ord,s)))
That was fun. Remember, Unicode has more characters, so you can fit more
code in less space.
<*Oh God, what have I done?!>*
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Re: numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
On 10/15/2012 11:26 PM, MRAB wrote:
On 2012-10-15 22:09, someone wrote:
See this:
==
In [5]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
In [6]: Dx
Out[6]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 0.5, -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
==
Ok... So now test = 33 and instead of the value 1.5 I want to use the
value of "test" and put it directly into the matrix (or array):
==
In [7]: test=33
In [8]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
---
NameError Traceback (most recent call
last)
/home/user/something/ in ()
> 1 Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/matrixlib/defmatrix.pyc in
__new__(subtype, data, dtype, copy)
252
253 if isinstance(data, str):
--> 254 data = _convert_from_string(data)
255
256 # now convert data to an array
.. etc...
==
So obviously it doesn't understand that I want this:
==
In [21]: Dx[2,2]=test
In [22]: Dx
Out[22]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 33. , -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 33. ]])
==
Without having to manually change all the individual places using my
variables (test is actually many variables, not just one but I think you
should understand the problem now).
How to initialize my array directly using variables ?
It could also be that I wanted:
test11 = 1
test12 = 1.5
test13 = 2
test21 = 0
test22 = 5
Dx = numpy.matrix('test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
Etc... for many variables...
Appreciate ANY help, thank you very much!
What it prints should give you a hint:
>>> Dx = numpy.matrix([[test11, test12, test13], [test21, test22,
-0.5], [0, -0.5, 1.5]])
>>> Dx
matrix([[ 1. , 1.5, 2. ],
[ 0. , 5. , -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
Uh, great - thank you very much!
As you maybe see, I'm only a python newbie so I'm not so good at
understanding the error messages and reading the source code yet.
Thank you very much for the solution to the problem! It's highly
appreciated. Thanks.
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RE: Tkinter how to access the widget by name
? wrote:
> I'm a little teapot ... himself the question: if I want to appeal to the
> widget, knowing his name... ?
>
> # appropriated the name of the widget
> label = Label(frame, width = 40, text='text', name = 'name')
> ...
> name_='name'
> configure(name_)
> ...
> def configure(name_)
> #And how can that be?
> # At least let the text you want to change
>
> I beg you ..
> --
I am unfamiliar with Tkinter, so this might not be very helpful.
Usually with the GUI I have created before I uses classes and store
the widgets inside the classes. That makes it easier to use
`self.widgetname` or `getattr(self, widgetname)`. If that is not
something you can instead store the attributes in a list/dictionary.
In both cases make sure not to have multiple widgets created with
the same name.
Note the following is all untested and should be considered pseudo-code.
widgets = {}
label = Label(frame, width = 40, text='text', name = 'name')
widgets['name'] = label
def configure(name_):
widget = widgets[name_]
OR
widgets = []
label = Label(frame, width = 40, text='text', name = 'name')
widgets.append( label )
def configure(name_):
found = False
for w in widgets:
if w.name == name_: # No idea how to get name from Tk widget
found = True
break
if found:
# configure here
Ramit Prasad
This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and
conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of
securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses,
confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers,
available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email.
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Re: numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
someone wrote:
How to initialize my array directly using variables ?
It could also be that I wanted:
test11 = 1
test12 = 1.5
test13 = 2
test21 = 0
test22 = 5
Dx = numpy.matrix('test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
Etc... for many variables...
Appreciate ANY help, thank you very much!
You could use string interpolation:
Dx = numpy.matrix('%s %s %s; %s %s -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5'
% (test11 test12 test13 test21 test22))
Emile
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Re: numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
On 15 October 2012 22:09, someone wrote:
>
> See this:
>
> ==**
> In [5]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
>
> In [6]: Dx
> Out[6]:
> matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
> [ 0. , 0.5, -0.5],
> [ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
> ==**
>
> Without having to manually change all the individual places using my
> variables (test is actually many variables, not just one but I think you
> should understand the problem now).
>
>
> How to initialize my array directly using variables ?
>
> It could also be that I wanted:
>
> test11 = 1
> test12 = 1.5
> test13 = 2
> test21 = 0
> test22 = 5
>
> Dx = numpy.matrix('test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
>
> Etc... for many variables...
>
> Appreciate ANY help, thank you very much!
Well, I don't know that much on Numpy (I've only ever used the basic
stuff), but Ian Kelly's probably right. If you can't "just use" a list, why
don't you convert it?
def matrixstring2lists(string, lookup_chain):
> stringmatrix = [substr.split() for substr in string.split(";")]
return [
> [
> lookup_chain[item] if item.isidentifier() else eval(item)
> for item in items
> ]
> for items in stringmatrix
> ]
# TESTS ##
> import builtins
## {{{ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/305268/ (r2)
> class Chainmap(dict):
> """Combine multiple mappings for sequential lookup.
For example, to emulate Python's normal lookup sequence:
> import __builtin__
> pylookup = Chainmap(locals(), globals(), vars(__builtin__))
> """
> def __init__(self, *maps):
> self._maps = maps
> def __getitem__(self, key):
> for mapping in self._maps:
> try:
> return mapping[key]
> except KeyError:
> pass
> raise KeyError(key)
> ## end of http://code.activestate.com/recipes/305268/ }}}
> test11 = 1
> test12 = 1.5
> test13 = 2
> test21 = 0
> test22 = 5
print(matrixstring2lists(
> 'test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5',
> Chainmap(locals(), globals(), vars(__builtins__))
> ))
That said, calling "matrixstring2lists" requires inputting a mapping from
the local scope, so I don't see how it could get much simpler to call
(minus removing "vars(__builtins__)" unless you *really* want that for some
reason.
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Re: numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
On 2012-10-15 22:09, someone wrote:
See this:
==
In [5]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
In [6]: Dx
Out[6]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 0.5, -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
==
Ok... So now test = 33 and instead of the value 1.5 I want to use the
value of "test" and put it directly into the matrix (or array):
==
In [7]: test=33
In [8]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
---
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
/home/user/something/ in ()
> 1 Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/matrixlib/defmatrix.pyc in
__new__(subtype, data, dtype, copy)
252
253 if isinstance(data, str):
--> 254 data = _convert_from_string(data)
255
256 # now convert data to an array
.. etc...
==
So obviously it doesn't understand that I want this:
==
In [21]: Dx[2,2]=test
In [22]: Dx
Out[22]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 33. , -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 33. ]])
==
Without having to manually change all the individual places using my
variables (test is actually many variables, not just one but I think you
should understand the problem now).
How to initialize my array directly using variables ?
It could also be that I wanted:
test11 = 1
test12 = 1.5
test13 = 2
test21 = 0
test22 = 5
Dx = numpy.matrix('test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
Etc... for many variables...
Appreciate ANY help, thank you very much!
What it prints should give you a hint:
>>> Dx = numpy.matrix([[test11, test12, test13], [test21, test22,
-0.5], [0, -0.5, 1.5]])
>>> Dx
matrix([[ 1. , 1.5, 2. ],
[ 0. , 5. , -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
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Re: How to use "while" within the command in -c option of python?
On 13 October 2012 17:38, Joshua Landau wrote:
> This here isn't a flaw in Python, though. It's a flaw in the command-line
> interpreter. By putting it all on one line, you are effectively saying:
> "group these". Which is the same as an "if True:" block, and some things
> like Reinteract even supply a grouping block like "build".
>
> That said, because some shells suck it would be nice if:
>
>> python -c "a=1\nif a:print(a)"
>
> worked (just for -c).
>
>
And, spurred on by another thread, this has become possible.
Make a file like so, install it if you wish.
import sys
> evaluable = sys.argv[1].encode("utf8").decode("unicode_escape")
> exec(evaluable)
This lets you do this:
python unicode_escape.py "a = []##\nfor x in range(100):##\n
> a.append(x)##\n a.append(x**2)##\nprint(a)"
It's ugly, but it works and only takes one line.
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Re: numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
On Oct 15, 2012 3:12 PM, "someone" wrote: > How to initialize my array directly using variables ? Why not just use the list-of-lists constructor instead of the string constructor? m = numpy.matrix([[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,test]]) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
numpy - 2D matrix/array - initialization like in Matlab...
See this:
==
In [5]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
In [6]: Dx
Out[6]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 0.5, -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 1.5]])
==
Ok... So now test = 33 and instead of the value 1.5 I want to use the
value of "test" and put it directly into the matrix (or array):
==
In [7]: test=33
In [8]: Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
---
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
/home/user/something/ in ()
> 1 Dx = numpy.matrix('1 0 0; 0 0.5 -0.5; 0 -0.5 test')
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/matrixlib/defmatrix.pyc in
__new__(subtype, data, dtype, copy)
252
253 if isinstance(data, str):
--> 254 data = _convert_from_string(data)
255
256 # now convert data to an array
.. etc...
==
So obviously it doesn't understand that I want this:
==
In [21]: Dx[2,2]=test
In [22]: Dx
Out[22]:
matrix([[ 1. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 33. , -0.5],
[ 0. , -0.5, 33. ]])
==
Without having to manually change all the individual places using my
variables (test is actually many variables, not just one but I think you
should understand the problem now).
How to initialize my array directly using variables ?
It could also be that I wanted:
test11 = 1
test12 = 1.5
test13 = 2
test21 = 0
test22 = 5
Dx = numpy.matrix('test11 test12 test13; test21 test22 -0.5; 0 -0.5 1.5')
Etc... for many variables...
Appreciate ANY help, thank you very much!
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Re: how to insert random error in a programming
Try fuzzing. Examples: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fusil/ http://peachfuzzer.com/ Victor -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15/10/2012 20:51, Chris Angelico wrote:
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 6:28 AM, Mark Lawrence wrote:
I like clearly written code like this
"
d = {}
for c in (65, 97):
for i in range(26):
d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c)
print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])
Surely there's a shorter way to rot13 a piece of text? CODE GOLF!
At very least, a single cryptic expression in place of your nice clear
loops MUST be an improvement.
d = dict((chr(i+c),chr((i+13)%26+c))for i in range(26)for c in(65,97))
And with superfluous spaces removed like that, it takes 0.02
jiggawatts less power in DeLorean Python.
ChrisA
How dare you Sir, they're most certainly *NOT* my loops!!!
--
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Mark Lawrence.
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Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 6:28 AM, Mark Lawrence wrote:
> I like clearly written code like this
>
> "
> d = {}
> for c in (65, 97):
> for i in range(26):
> d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c)
>
> print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])
Surely there's a shorter way to rot13 a piece of text? CODE GOLF!
At very least, a single cryptic expression in place of your nice clear
loops MUST be an improvement.
d = dict((chr(i+c),chr((i+13)%26+c))for i in range(26)for c in(65,97))
And with superfluous spaces removed like that, it takes 0.02
jiggawatts less power in DeLorean Python.
ChrisA
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Re: MySQL with Python
In article , Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > For routine database /access/ (that is, someone has created the > database user account that will be used), MySQLdb is the Python adapter > to connect to the server. For using THAT, you basically need to know SQL > (MySQL's flavor in particular), along with understanding the DB-API 2 > specification (PEP-249) with the MySQLdb documentation (which explains > any limitations or specifics; see http://mysql-python.sourceforge.net/ ) Another possibility is to use some sort of ORM (Object Relational Mapper), which provides an abstraction layer on top of the raw SQL layer. Two examples are SQLAlchemy (http://www.sqlalchemy.org/) and Django (https://www.djangoproject.com/). A thread on Stack Overflow (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/53428) mentions some additional Python ORMs you might want to explore. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15/10/2012 20:10, Joshua Landau wrote:
On 15 October 2012 14:55, Debashish Saha wrote:
how to insert random error in a programming?
You could always just *write* the code with random errors from the start.
Try random code, like this:
from collections import defaultdict as ð
def ire(ł, æ=[]):
yield [ð(bool, {æ and æ[0]or object(): True}) [ł[0]] or [lambda: (yield
ire(((æ.append(object()), æ[0])[0], ł))), int][(ł>ł[:3])|(ł<=ł[:2])]() or
[1]][0]
print(list(list(ire([2, 3, 3]))[0]))
Note that being random code this does nothing other than confuse people as
to why it does what it does do even though that is nothing other than the
mentioned confusion of others into its purpose.
I like clearly written code like this
"
s = """Gur Mra bs Clguba, ol Gvz Crgref
Ornhgvshy vf orggre guna htyl.
Rkcyvpvg vf orggre guna vzcyvpvg.
Fvzcyr vf orggre guna pbzcyrk.
Pbzcyrk vf orggre guna pbzcyvpngrq.
Syng vf orggre guna arfgrq.
Fcnefr vf orggre guna qrafr.
Ernqnovyvgl pbhagf.
Fcrpvny pnfrf nera'g fcrpvny rabhtu gb oernx gur ehyrf.
Nygubhtu cenpgvpnyvgl orngf chevgl.
Reebef fubhyq arire cnff fvyragyl.
Hayrff rkcyvpvgyl fvyraprq.
Va gur snpr bs nzovthvgl, ershfr gur grzcgngvba gb thrff.
Gurer fubhyq or bar-- naq cersrenoyl bayl bar --boivbhf jnl gb qb vg.
Nygubhtu gung jnl znl abg or boivbhf ng svefg hayrff lbh'er Qhgpu.
Abj vf orggre guna arire.
Nygubhtu arire vf bsgra orggre guna *evtug* abj.
Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf uneq gb rkcynva, vg'f n onq vqrn.
Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf rnfl gb rkcynva, vg znl or n tbbq vqrn.
Anzrfcnprf ner bar ubaxvat terng vqrn -- yrg'f qb zber bs gubfr!"""
d = {}
for c in (65, 97):
for i in range(26):
d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c)
print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])
"
--
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Mark Lawrence.
--
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Re: Exception Messages
On 10/15/2012 12:22 PM, John Gordon wrote:
In MRAB
writes:
Why wasn't the message printed out?
You didn't add a __str__ method:
class PvCamError(Exception):
def __init__(self, msg):
self.msg = msg
def __str__(self):
return self.msg
Wouldn't PvCamError inherit __str__() from Exception?
Exception instances get a .args attibute set to the arguments of the
class call and printed in the .__str__ message.
>>> dir(Exception())
['__cause__', '__class__', '__context__', '__delattr__', '__dict__',
'__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__',
'__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__le__',
'__lt__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__',
'__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setstate__', '__sizeof__', '__str__',
'__subclasshook__', '__suppress_context__', '__traceback__', 'args',
'with_traceback']
>>> Exception('abc', 1)
Exception('abc', 1)
So class MyError(Exception) will get that basic default behavior. For
fancier printing, one needs a fancier .__str__ method ;-).
--
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--
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Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15 October 2012 14:55, Debashish Saha wrote:
> how to insert random error in a programming?
>
You could always just *write* the code with random errors from the start.
Try random code, like this:
from collections import defaultdict as ð
> def ire(ł, æ=[]):
> yield [ð(bool, {æ and æ[0]or object(): True}) [ł[0]] or [lambda: (yield
> ire(((æ.append(object()), æ[0])[0], ł))), int][(ł>ł[:3])|(ł<=ł[:2])]() or
> [1]][0]
> print(list(list(ire([2, 3, 3]))[0]))
Note that being random code this does nothing other than confuse people as
to why it does what it does do even though that is nothing other than the
mentioned confusion of others into its purpose.
--
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Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 4:18 AM, Serhiy Storchaka wrote: > On 15.10.12 17:04, Chris Angelico wrote: >> On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:55 AM, Debashish Saha wrote: >>> how to insert random error in a programming? >> >> how to ask question good in forumming? >> http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html >> >> But here's one way to do it: >> >> raise >> random.choice((OSError,IOError,ZeroDivisionError,UnicodeDecodeError,AssertionError))() > > I think OP means something like > > programming[:0] = > random.choice((OSError,IOError,ZeroDivisionError,UnicodeDecodeError,AssertionError))() Ah, good point. Though it's worth noting that my version will happily raise a NameError under certain circumstances, while yours will never insert a NameError into programming. This is potentially very important when inserting random errors. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
Debashish Saha wrote: how to insert random error in a programming? Make the changes late in the day then leave for the weekend? Emile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 10/15/2012 06:55 AM, Debashish Saha wrote: how to insert random error in a programming? Drink several beers before you start programming. :-) -- Dr. Gary Herron Department of Computer Science DigiPen Institute of Technology (425) 895-4418 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On Monday, October 15, 2012 1:34:24 PM UTC-4, MRAB wrote: > On 2012-10-15 18:18, Wanderer wrote: > > > On Monday, October 15, 2012 12:34:53 PM UTC-4, MRAB wrote: > > > > > >> > > >> Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that > > >> > > >> attribute. > > >> > > > > > > That's weird. I got this Exception class definition idea from this post by > > Guido van Rostrum, Where he gives this main function to look like > > > > > > import sys > > > import getopt > > > > > > class Usage(Exception): > > > def __init__(self, msg): > > > self.msg = msg > > > > > > def main(argv=None): > > > if argv is None: > > > argv = sys.argv > > > try: > > > try: > > > opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "h", ["help"]) > > > except getopt.error, msg: > > > raise Usage(msg) > > > # more code, unchanged > > > except Usage, err: > > > print >>sys.stderr, err.msg > > > print >>sys.stderr, "for help use --help" > > > return 2 > > > > > > if __name__ == "__main__": > > > sys.exit(main()) > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=4829 > > > > > > > > Note how it explicitly prints err.msg. Not in the raise statement. Adding the def __str__ made it work for me. Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On 2012-10-15 18:18, Wanderer wrote: On Monday, October 15, 2012 12:34:53 PM UTC-4, MRAB wrote: Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that attribute. That's weird. I got this Exception class definition idea from this post by Guido van Rostrum, Where he gives this main function to look like import sys import getopt class Usage(Exception): def __init__(self, msg): self.msg = msg def main(argv=None): if argv is None: argv = sys.argv try: try: opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "h", ["help"]) except getopt.error, msg: raise Usage(msg) # more code, unchanged except Usage, err: print >>sys.stderr, err.msg print >>sys.stderr, "for help use --help" return 2 if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main()) http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=4829 Note how it explicitly prints err.msg. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Feedback on my python framework I'm building.
MRAB schreef: On 2012-10-14 23:38, Dave Angel wrote: On 10/14/2012 08:48 AM, Roy Smith wrote: In article <507a3365$0$6574$c3e8da3$54964...@news.astraweb.com>, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Remember using PEEK and POKE commands with BASIC back in 1978? Pretty much impossible in Python. But, trivial to implement as an extension :-) PEEK and POKE were intended to be used with memory mapped devices. Simplest example is the 6502 chip, which had no I/O bus -- it was all memory mapped. Want to change baud rate? poke a byte somewhere. These days, the only device I can think of that's usually memory mapped is the video. And few programs talk to it that way. Now, INP and OUT (or various similar names) were for doing port I/o. But I suspect that modern systems aren't going to let you do much of that either. It depends on the CPU. Some have specialised instructions for I/O, others don't. I think Roy Smith meant that the OS on modern systems generally prevents direct access from user space to either memory mapped I/O or port mapped I/O. Embedded systems might allow direct access, but AFAIK Python doesn't run on those. Best regards, Roel -- "Too often we hold fast to the cliches of our forebears. We subject all facts to a prefabricated set of interpretations. Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought." -- John F Kennedy r...@roelschroeven.net -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On Monday, October 15, 2012 1:18:52 PM UTC-4, Wanderer wrote: > On Monday, October 15, 2012 12:34:53 PM UTC-4, MRAB wrote: > > > > > > > > Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that > > > > > > attribute. > > > > > > > That's weird. I got this Exception class definition idea from this post by > Guido van Rostrum, Where he gives this main function to look like > > > > import sys > > import getopt > > > > class Usage(Exception): > > def __init__(self, msg): > > self.msg = msg > > > > def main(argv=None): > > if argv is None: > > argv = sys.argv > > try: > > try: > > opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "h", ["help"]) > > except getopt.error, msg: > > raise Usage(msg) > > # more code, unchanged > > except Usage, err: > > print >>sys.stderr, err.msg > > print >>sys.stderr, "for help use --help" > > return 2 > > > > if __name__ == "__main__": > > sys.exit(main()) > > > > > > > > > > http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=4829 Oops. I meant Guido van Rossum -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15.10.12 17:04, Chris Angelico wrote: > On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:55 AM, Debashish Saha wrote: >> how to insert random error in a programming? > > how to ask question good in forumming? > http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html > > But here's one way to do it: > > raise > random.choice((OSError,IOError,ZeroDivisionError,UnicodeDecodeError,AssertionError))() I think OP means something like programming[:0] = random.choice((OSError,IOError,ZeroDivisionError,UnicodeDecodeError,AssertionError))() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On Monday, October 15, 2012 12:34:53 PM UTC-4, MRAB wrote: > > Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that > > attribute. > That's weird. I got this Exception class definition idea from this post by Guido van Rostrum, Where he gives this main function to look like import sys import getopt class Usage(Exception): def __init__(self, msg): self.msg = msg def main(argv=None): if argv is None: argv = sys.argv try: try: opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "h", ["help"]) except getopt.error, msg: raise Usage(msg) # more code, unchanged except Usage, err: print >>sys.stderr, err.msg print >>sys.stderr, "for help use --help" return 2 if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main()) http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=4829 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: portable unicode literals
On 15.10.12 16:05, Ulrich Eckhardt wrote: I need a little nudge in the right direction, as I'm misunderstanding something concerning string literals in Python 2 and 3. In Python 2.7, b'' and '' are byte strings, while u'' is a unicode literal. In Python 3.2, b'' is a byte string and '' is a unicode literal, while u'' is a syntax error. This actually came as a surprise to me, I assumed that using b'' I could portably create a byte string (which is true) and using u'' I could portably create a unicode string (which is not true). This feature would help porting code between both versions. While this is a state I can live with, I wonder what the rationale for this is. from __future__ import unicode_literals And now you can portable use b'' for a byte string and '' for a unicode string. When you will drop Python 2 support then just remove import from __future__. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
- Original Message - [snip a huge list of advices example and insights] > Then list the description on the homework > assignment. > > -- > > DaveA Like the youngsters write: "/bow" JM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On 10/15/2012 12:34 PM, MRAB wrote: > On 2012-10-15 17:22, John Gordon wrote: >> In MRAB >> writes: >> >>> > Why wasn't the message printed out? >>> >>> You didn't add a __str__ method: >> >>> class PvCamError(Exception): >>> def __init__(self, msg): >>> self.msg = msg >>> def __str__(self): >>> return self.msg >> >> Wouldn't PvCamError inherit __str__() from Exception? >> > Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that > attribute. > > An alternative approach would be: > > class PvCamError(Exception): > pass > Wouldn't another approach be for this __init__() method to call the base-class __init__() method with whatever data it needs? -- DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On 2012-10-15 17:22, John Gordon wrote: In MRAB writes: > Why wasn't the message printed out? You didn't add a __str__ method: class PvCamError(Exception): def __init__(self, msg): self.msg = msg def __str__(self): return self.msg Wouldn't PvCamError inherit __str__() from Exception? Yes, but you've put the message in msg, and Exception doesn't have that attribute. An alternative approach would be: class PvCamError(Exception): pass -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
In MRAB writes: > > Why wasn't the message printed out? > > You didn't add a __str__ method: > class PvCamError(Exception): > def __init__(self, msg): > self.msg = msg > def __str__(self): > return self.msg Wouldn't PvCamError inherit __str__() from Exception? -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, "The Gashlycrumb Tinies" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exception Messages
On 2012-10-15 17:00, Wanderer wrote:
How do you get Exceptions to print messages? I have an exception defined like
this
class PvCamError(Exception):
def __init__(self, msg):
self.msg = msg
But when the error is raised I get this:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\ipython-0.12.1-py2.7.egg\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py",
line 2538, in run_code
exec code_obj in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
File "", line 1, in
import S477Test
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\S477Test.py", line 13, in
camera.getSerialNum()
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\S477.py", line 131, in getSerialNum
num = self.pl.getParamValue(pvcamConstants.PARAM_HEAD_SER_NUM_ALPHA)
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\pvcam.py", line 261, in getParamValue
raise PvCamError("Unhandled Type: {0}".format(attype))
PvCamError
Why wasn't the message printed out?
You didn't add a __str__ method:
class PvCamError(Exception):
def __init__(self, msg):
self.msg = msg
def __str__(self):
return self.msg
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Re: how to insert random error in a programming
In Debashish Saha writes: > how to insert random error in a programming? Open the program source file and replace the Nth character with a random character. -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, "The Gashlycrumb Tinies" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Exception Messages
How do you get Exceptions to print messages? I have an exception defined like
this
class PvCamError(Exception):
def __init__(self, msg):
self.msg = msg
But when the error is raised I get this:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\ipython-0.12.1-py2.7.egg\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py",
line 2538, in run_code
exec code_obj in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
File "", line 1, in
import S477Test
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\S477Test.py", line 13, in
camera.getSerialNum()
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\S477.py", line 131, in getSerialNum
num = self.pl.getParamValue(pvcamConstants.PARAM_HEAD_SER_NUM_ALPHA)
File "U:\workspace\camera\src\pvcam.py", line 261, in getParamValue
raise PvCamError("Unhandled Type: {0}".format(attype))
PvCamError
Why wasn't the message printed out?
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Re: What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
On 10/15/2012 7:23 AM, tinn...@isbd.co.uk wrote: I want to fix an error in some code I have installed, however I don't really want to just bodge it. The function producing the error is:- def get_text(self, idx): # override ! node = self.items[idx] a= [ ", ".join(node.tags), node.comment, node.folderName, cd2rd(node.date), node.name, '[' + self.rating_stars[node.rating] + ']' ] [self.select] return a The error occurs when node[] (or at least its members) turn out to be empty, This is not the problem. > you get a Traceback that ends with:- File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout/listview.py", line 608, in draw_cell layout.set_text(self.get_text(thumbnail_num)) File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout.py", line 325, in get_text ", ".join(node.tags), TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found The specific problem is that node.tags is supposed to be a sequence of strings and somehow one instead has None as the first, and probably last item. This was likely intended to indicate an empty list, but the way to do that is to have a empty list, which would have worked just fine. In other words, the likely problem is that node.tags is *not* an empty sequence when it should be. >>> ','.join([None]) Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ','.join([None]) TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, NoneType found >>> ','.join([]) '' -- Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
Debashish Saha wrote: > how to insert random error in a programming? Apparently, giving it to Microsoft will work. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 15/10/2012 14:55, Debashish Saha wrote: how to insert random error in a programming? Just use some of my code, it's far more random than that suggested by others who've replied to your query. -- Cheers. Mark Lawrence. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
Don't worry about what book you have (or don't have) in your Library..And let this not dictate your technology stack. PostgreSQL is one of the popular choice and you will never be short of documentation...Just Google and you will find lot of helpful tutorials... Regards, Anurag On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 10:47 AM, রুদ্র ব্যাণার্জী wrote: > On Tue, 2012-10-16 at 01:01 +1100, Chris Angelico wrote: > > But you may wish to consider using PostgreSQL instead. > Thanks, as I am very much new in database thing, I am not very aware of > the options I have. > But in my library, I did not found any thing on PostgreSQL. > Though, I will google its support as well, can you kindly let me know if > this is well documented. I can see there mailing list is quite active. > So that may not be a problem though. > > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 1:47 AM, রুদ্র ব্যাণার্জী wrote: > On Tue, 2012-10-16 at 01:01 +1100, Chris Angelico wrote: >> But you may wish to consider using PostgreSQL instead. > Thanks, as I am very much new in database thing, I am not very aware of > the options I have. > But in my library, I did not found any thing on PostgreSQL. > Though, I will google its support as well, can you kindly let me know if > this is well documented. I can see there mailing list is quite active. > So that may not be a problem though. Postgres itself: http://www.postgresql.org/ I posted a link to some Python-PGSQL libraries in my previous post. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
On Tue, 2012-10-16 at 01:01 +1100, Chris Angelico wrote: > But you may wish to consider using PostgreSQL instead. Thanks, as I am very much new in database thing, I am not very aware of the options I have. But in my library, I did not found any thing on PostgreSQL. Though, I will google its support as well, can you kindly let me know if this is well documented. I can see there mailing list is quite active. So that may not be a problem though. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On 10/15/2012 09:55 AM, Debashish Saha wrote: > how to insert random error in a programming? I don't see how this phrase makes any sense without a lot more context. If I add the words "I'd like to know" in front of the phrase, and "session." at the end (and add the word "a" as appropriate), the best answer I'd come up with is to deprive the programmer of a lot of sleep the night before. If I just take the words in the phrase, and try to dream up the possible ways they could be meant... For example, perhaps you have a series of data, taken from some experiment, and you want to "break" the data, to make it appear more random (to fit the model less well). You might just want to iterate over the sample twice, once to calculate the average, min, and max. Then you might add to each sample a random signed value with a distribution based on those three values. Or you might be a teacher with a "perfect program," and you want to (programmatically) change it slightly, and see how long it takes your students to find the introduced error. This seems to me to be an extremely hard problem in the general case, though pretty easy for a human. Problem is that most random text changes will presumably cause compile errors, or "not defined". And those are trivial to find and fix for an experienced programmer, though first year students might need the practice. Or you might be trying to get your module to simulate various errors, randomly chosen. In which case, see Chris's or jean-Michel's response. Or you might be trying to cause other applications to crash, because you're pretending to be a virus. Or a dozen other things. You get the random module byimport random. But beyond that, we'd have to understand your use case. Start by mentioning Python version and OS. Then give a brief summary of your level of experience in Python and in other langugages. Then list the description on the homework assignment. -- DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
- Original Message - > how to insert random error in a programming? > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > Here's an example from random raise Except(randome.randinteger(0,10,'error']): return -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to insert random error in a programming
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:55 AM, Debashish Saha wrote: > how to insert random error in a programming? how to ask question good in forumming? http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html But here's one way to do it: raise random.choice((OSError,IOError,ZeroDivisionError,UnicodeDecodeError,AssertionError))() ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
On 12-10-15 06:45 AM, রুদ্র ব্যাণার্জী wrote: if yes, can you kindly suggest a book/reference on this? There are a few different ways to connect to MySQL, two of which are: For reference on connecting and querying MySQL through mysql-python, take a read through http://mysql-python.sourceforge.net/MySQLdb.html. Another solution is to use SQLAlchemy (http://www.sqlalchemy.org/). The ORM abstracts a lot of the tedious SQL queries out for you and allows you to concentrate more on your application's logic. -- Demian Brecht @demianbrecht http://demianbrecht.github.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
On Tue, Oct 16, 2012 at 12:45 AM, রুদ্র ব্যাণার্জী wrote: > Dear friends, > I am starting a project of creating a database using mySQL(my first > project with database). > I went to my institute library and find that, all books are managing > "mySQL with perl and php" > > I am new to python itself and gradually loving it. I mostly use it as an > alternative of shell-script. Since learning a new language for every new > project is not possible(its self assigned project, generally in free > time), can I do a "mySQL with python?" > > if yes, can you kindly suggest a book/reference on this? It's definitely possible. As far as I know, though, there's no inbuilt support, so you'll need an add-on module. What platform are you running on? On Debian Linux, for instance, you can simply "apt-get install python-mysqldb". But you may wish to consider using PostgreSQL instead. It's a generally better database engine than MySQL, and is equally well supported: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PostgreSQL Actually, to be quite honest, I'm surprised there's no module in the Python stdlib for either of the above. Possibly because there are several competing options. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL with Python
Yes you can. There are libraries available in python to make this happen. Read this for a starter http://dev.mysql.com/usingmysql/python/ Regards, Anurag On Oct 15, 2012 10:53 AM, "রুদ্র ব্যাণার্জী" wrote: > Dear friends, > I am starting a project of creating a database using mySQL(my first > project with database). > I went to my institute library and find that, all books are managing > "mySQL with perl and php" > > I am new to python itself and gradually loving it. I mostly use it as an > alternative of shell-script. Since learning a new language for every new > project is not possible(its self assigned project, generally in free > time), can I do a "mySQL with python?" > > if yes, can you kindly suggest a book/reference on this? > > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
how to insert random error in a programming
how to insert random error in a programming? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
MySQL with Python
Dear friends, I am starting a project of creating a database using mySQL(my first project with database). I went to my institute library and find that, all books are managing "mySQL with perl and php" I am new to python itself and gradually loving it. I mostly use it as an alternative of shell-script. Since learning a new language for every new project is not possible(its self assigned project, generally in free time), can I do a "mySQL with python?" if yes, can you kindly suggest a book/reference on this? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: portable unicode literals
On 2012/10/15 03:05 PM, Ulrich Eckhardt wrote: This actually came as a surprise to me, I assumed that using b'' I could portably create a byte string (which is true) and using u'' I could portably create a unicode string (which is not true). This feature would help porting code between both versions. While this is a state I can live with, I wonder what the rationale for this is. !puzzled thanks u'' is legal in 3.3 again. -- Regards Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Fastest web framework
How fast python web frameworks reverse urls? While routing is a mapping of incoming request to a handler, url reverse function is designed to build urls for those handlers. A web page may have a number of urls from few dozen to hundreds... all related to your web site (e.g. links between related pages, tag cloud, most viewed posts, etc). Here is a benchmark for various web frameworks (django, flask, pyramid, tornado and wheezy.web): http://mindref.blogspot.com/2012/10/python-web-reverse-urls-benchmark.html Benchmark is executed in isolated environment using CPython 2.7. Source is here: https://bitbucket.org/akorn/helloworld/src/tip/03-urls Comments or suggestions are welcome. Thanks. Andriy Kornatskyy > From: andriy.kornats...@live.com > To: python-list@python.org > Subject: Fastest web framework > Date: Sun, 23 Sep 2012 12:19:16 +0300 > > > I have run recently a benchmark of a trivial 'hello world' application for > various python web frameworks (bottle, django, flask, pyramid, web.py, > wheezy.web) hosted in uWSGI/cpython2.7 and gunicorn/pypy1.9... you might find > it interesting: > > http://mindref.blogspot.com/2012/09/python-fastest-web-framework.html > > Comments or suggestions are welcome. > > Thanks. > > Andriy Kornatskyy > > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
> I want to fix an error in some code I have installed, ... Apart from all the reasons why it's bad (see the Python Zen #10). One way to do it is: return [i or '' for i in a] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: portable unicode literals
On 10/15/2012 09:05 AM, Ulrich Eckhardt wrote: > Hi! > > I need a little nudge in the right direction, as I'm misunderstanding > something concerning string literals in Python 2 and 3. In Python 2.7, > b'' and '' are byte strings, while u'' is a unicode literal. In Python > 3.2, b'' is a byte string and '' is a unicode literal, while u'' is a > syntax error. > > This actually came as a surprise to me, I assumed that using b'' I > could portably create a byte string (which is true) and using u'' I > could portably create a unicode string (which is not true). This > feature would help porting code between both versions. While this is a > state I can live with, I wonder what the rationale for this is. > > !puzzled thanks > > Uli Python 3.3 added that syntax, for easier porting. You can now use u"xyz" for a unicode string in both 2.x and 3.3 -- DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: portable unicode literals
On Mon, 15 Oct 2012 15:05:01 +0200, Ulrich Eckhardt wrote: > Hi! > > I need a little nudge in the right direction, as I'm misunderstanding > something concerning string literals in Python 2 and 3. In Python 2.7, > b'' and '' are byte strings, while u'' is a unicode literal. In Python > 3.2, b'' is a byte string and '' is a unicode literal, while u'' is a > syntax error. > > This actually came as a surprise to me, I assumed that using b'' I could > portably create a byte string (which is true) and using u'' I could > portably create a unicode string (which is not true). This feature would > help porting code between both versions. While this is a state I can > live with, I wonder what the rationale for this is. It was a mistake that is corrected in Python 3.3. You can now use u'' to create Unicode literals in both 2.x and 3.3 or better. This is a feature only designed for porting code though: you shouldn't use u'' in new code not intended for 2.x. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
portable unicode literals
Hi! I need a little nudge in the right direction, as I'm misunderstanding something concerning string literals in Python 2 and 3. In Python 2.7, b'' and '' are byte strings, while u'' is a unicode literal. In Python 3.2, b'' is a byte string and '' is a unicode literal, while u'' is a syntax error. This actually came as a surprise to me, I assumed that using b'' I could portably create a byte string (which is true) and using u'' I could portably create a unicode string (which is not true). This feature would help porting code between both versions. While this is a state I can live with, I wonder what the rationale for this is. !puzzled thanks Uli -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: simple string format question
On 10/15/2012 08:29 AM, Chris Rebert wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 5:12 AM, Neal Becker wrote:
>> Is there a way to specify to format I want a floating point written with no
>> more
>> than e.g., 2 digits after the decimal? I tried {:.2f}, but then I get all
>> floats written with 2 digits, even if they are 0:
>>
>> 2.35 << yes, that's what I want
>> 2.00 << no, I want just 2 or 2.
> Not that I can find. Seems you'll have to implement it yourself.
To do it yourself, probably best to use a temp string value, created by
format "{: f}". (Notice the space before the f, to reserve space for
the sign) Then, slice that value to length 4 . Finally, in your actual
format, use :5s for a format. This should add the blanks for padding,
so other columns still line up.
>
> In the event that your project uses Django, there happens to be a
> template tag for this (pass it -2 in your case):
> https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/builtins/?from=olddocs#floatformat
>
> Cheers,
> Chris
--
DaveA
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: simple string format question
Le 15/10/2012 14:12, Neal Becker a écrit :
Is there a way to specify to format I want a floating point written with no more
than e.g., 2 digits after the decimal? I tried {:.2f}, but then I get all
floats written with 2 digits, even if they are 0:
2.35 << yes, that's what I want
2.00 << no, I want just 2 or 2.
Maybe you're looking for "{:.3g}"
print "{:.3g}".format(2)
# '2'
print "{:.3g}".format(2.00)
# '2'
print "{:.3g}".format(2.35)
# '2.35'
print "{:.3g}".format(2.356) # this rounds up
# '2.36'
Cheers,
-- Adrien
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: simple string format question
There doesn't seem to be any direct way to achieve this.
Maybe you can do something like this:
import math
x = 3.05
if math.modf(x)[0] != 0.0: print x
Cheers,
-Kamlesh
On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 5:59 PM, Chris Rebert wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 5:12 AM, Neal Becker wrote:
> > Is there a way to specify to format I want a floating point written with
> no more
> > than e.g., 2 digits after the decimal? I tried {:.2f}, but then I get
> all
> > floats written with 2 digits, even if they are 0:
> >
> > 2.35 << yes, that's what I want
> > 2.00 << no, I want just 2 or 2.
>
> Not that I can find. Seems you'll have to implement it yourself.
>
>
> In the event that your project uses Django, there happens to be a
> template tag for this (pass it -2 in your case):
>
> https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/builtins/?from=olddocs#floatformat
>
> Cheers,
> Chris
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
--
Faith waiting in the heart of a seed promises a miracle of life which it
can not prove!
-Ravindranath Tagore
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: simple string format question
On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 5:12 AM, Neal Becker wrote:
> Is there a way to specify to format I want a floating point written with no
> more
> than e.g., 2 digits after the decimal? I tried {:.2f}, but then I get all
> floats written with 2 digits, even if they are 0:
>
> 2.35 << yes, that's what I want
> 2.00 << no, I want just 2 or 2.
Not that I can find. Seems you'll have to implement it yourself.
In the event that your project uses Django, there happens to be a
template tag for this (pass it -2 in your case):
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/builtins/?from=olddocs#floatformat
Cheers,
Chris
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
simple string format question
Is there a way to specify to format I want a floating point written with no
more
than e.g., 2 digits after the decimal? I tried {:.2f}, but then I get all
floats written with 2 digits, even if they are 0:
2.35 << yes, that's what I want
2.00 << no, I want just 2 or 2.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
In article <1b8tk9-un9@chris.zbmc.eu>, tinn...@isbd.co.uk wrote: > The function producing the error is:- > > def get_text(self, idx): # override ! > node = self.items[idx] > > a= [ > ", ".join(node.tags), > node.comment, > node.folderName, > cd2rd(node.date), > node.name, > '[' + self.rating_stars[node.rating] + ']' > ] [self.select] > > return a > > > The error occurs when node[] (or at least its members) turn out to be > empty, you get a Traceback that ends with:- > > File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout/listview.py", line 608, in draw_cell > layout.set_text(self.get_text(thumbnail_num)) > File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout.py", line 325, in get_text ", > ".join(node.tags), > TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found > > Now its *probably* something higher up the tree causing the problem > (it's only one particular image in 20 thousand or so that breaks > things) but I really want to just get things working. So, what's the > neatest way to protect the get_text() method from empty data? Well, you don't describe what get_text() is supposed to return First, you build a list of what I'm guessing are all strings, then you index into it and return one of the values. So, I'm guessing get_text() is supposed to return a string. At a low level, you can certainly fix that by testing to see if self.items[idx] returns what you're expecting (an instance of Node?) and returning an empty string if it's not: > def get_text(self, idx): # override ! > node = self.items[idx] > if not node: > return "" > > a= [ > ", ".join(node.tags), > node.comment, > node.folderName, > cd2rd(node.date), > node.name, > '[' + self.rating_stars[node.rating] + ']' > ] [self.select] > > return a Whether that makes sense in your program, I have no idea. What does it mean for node to be empty? Is this a normal occurrence? If so, then your code needs to deal with properly (the suggest above being just one possible way). Or, is it "impossible" for node to be empty? In that case, that fact that it *is* empty is a bug, and the above suggestion will just hide the bug for one more level and make it that much harder to figure out what's really going on. What you might really want to do is sprinkle your code with "assert node" statements. This will force your program to crash and burn the first time node is empty, which might help you figure out why it is. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
On Mon, Oct 15, 2012 at 4:23 AM, wrote: > I want to fix an error in some code I have installed, however I don't > really want to just bodge it. "bodge". Well, I learned a new word this morning! > The function producing the error is:- > > def get_text(self, idx): # override ! > node = self.items[idx] > > a= [ > ", ".join(node.tags), > node.comment, > node.folderName, > cd2rd(node.date), > node.name, > '[' + self.rating_stars[node.rating] + ']' > ] [self.select] > > return a > > > The error occurs when node[] (or at least its members) turn out to be > empty, To be precise: when node.tags contains one or more `None`s (Python's equivalent of what other languages call "null" or "nil"). That's what the traceback is saying. > you get a Traceback that ends with:- > > File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout/listview.py", line 608, in draw_cell > layout.set_text(self.get_text(thumbnail_num)) Ah, so this is apparently regarding https://code.google.com/p/jbrout/ . Would have been nice not to have had to search and then only locate it indirectly. Something to consider next time you write in... Make sure you report your bug upstream! > File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout.py", line 325, in get_text ", > ".join(node.tags), > TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found > > Now its *probably* something higher up the tree causing the problem > (it's only one particular image in 20 thousand or so that breaks > things) but I really want to just get things working. So, what's the > neatest way to protect the get_text() method from empty data? Filter out the `None`s with a generator expression: ", ".join(tag for tag in node.tags if tag is not None), Cheers, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: pyw program not displaying unicode characters properly
In article , Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > Classically, NNTP did not have "attachments" as seen in MIME email. NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) and SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) are both just ways of shipping around messages. Neither one really knows about attachments. In both mail and news, "attachments" are a higher-level concept encoded inside the message content and managed by the various user applications. > It did have "binaries" in some encoding -- UUE, BASE64, or some > newer format, but these encodings were the raw body of the post(s), not > something "attached" as a separate file along with a text body. This is all true of both mail and news, with only trivial changes of the formats and names of the encodings. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
tinn...@isbd.co.uk writes: > I want to fix an error in some code I have installed, however I don't > really want to just bodge it. ... > Now its *probably* something higher up the tree causing the problem > (it's only one particular image in 20 thousand or so that breaks > things) but I really want to just get things working. That means you do really want to just bodge it, doesn't it? (I'm reading "bodge" as something like "kludge" but maybe it means something different.) > So, what's the neatest way to protect the get_text() method from empty > data? I'd say the use of None as a picture is already a code smell: figure out where it is coming from, and fix it. Or, if you want to just bodge it (by checking for None and returning the empty string or something)), then try it and see if it helps. I'm assuming this is something noncritical that you're running on your own computer for convenience. I wouldn't ship code to a customer without a more careful fix. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What's the tidy/elegant way to protect this against null/empty parameters?
I want to fix an error in some code I have installed, however I don't really want to just bodge it. The function producing the error is:- def get_text(self, idx): # override ! node = self.items[idx] a= [ ", ".join(node.tags), node.comment, node.folderName, cd2rd(node.date), node.name, '[' + self.rating_stars[node.rating] + ']' ] [self.select] return a The error occurs when node[] (or at least its members) turn out to be empty, you get a Traceback that ends with:- File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout/listview.py", line 608, in draw_cell layout.set_text(self.get_text(thumbnail_num)) File "/usr/lib/jbrout/jbrout.py", line 325, in get_text ", ".join(node.tags), TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found Now its *probably* something higher up the tree causing the problem (it's only one particular image in 20 thousand or so that breaks things) but I really want to just get things working. So, what's the neatest way to protect the get_text() method from empty data? -- Chris Green -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python stand alone Android Apps:)
Hi, Cote here, and I'm very pleased to announce that I've ported ALL my sl4a apps to eclipse apk, it embeds with the python interpreter, no need to install anything but the app off google play! I have completed: A) Android Eye (Computer Vision), that takes a picture and tells you what it is (Object Recognition): https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.androideye.androideye B) See Say (OCR) Picture to Speach, for the visually impaired. You can literally have it read a book to you: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.seesay.seesay C) See Say Translate (ocr that takes a page in any language, as a picture, then reads it back in english:) : https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.seesay.seesaytranslate D) Standardized IQ Test (based on the Stanfod-Binet Image/Problem Solving Section: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.iqtest.iqtest E) AuraScope, a Chinese horoscope app with the added feature that it calibrates one's Aura (via image white content): https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.aurahoroscope.aurahoroscope F) Picture Drinks, an implementation of the Object Recognition, specific to your liquor bottle:) : https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.picturedrinksnew.picturedrinksnew G) Pocket Translator, a simple translator where you enter a language and get the results in English, good tool for traveling: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pockettranslator.english2any I had originally learned python, and build the basics of the app, and was happy to see that sl4a existed, and went into free versions of the apps that required the download of the interpreter separately. After 6 months of non-stop programming (obsession;), I realized that ad support with the free versions wasn't feasible, as I haven't got a handle on integrating AdMob sdk.. plus I realized to charge a premium, having to download the interpreter separately scares most buyers away (even at $0.99!) So I put the time in to incorporate the embedded interpreter. I recommend doing this, though I had to relearn eclipse all over again (I'm not much of a java nut yet), in the end we have a complete product, and I'm sure any python programmer would agree, now with Python, we can do ANYTHING! Awesome Sauce;) M. Dave Cote B.Sc., B.A.Sc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Understanding http proxies
Thank you for all yours answers. There are very usefull! Olive -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
