Re: [qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
Eric Shubert wrote: David Milholen wrote: Hi All, I have an issue on one of my production mail server.. I did not install this one but it seems that when it was installed with no raid in mind. I need to make this move to go to raid 1 with out losing any configuration or data on the current root drive. I have never done this before but have a good understanding of what may need to happen I just need a good step by step to keep me from losing what is in place now. This machine is an e-server 326m has 2 sata 250GB drives. here is the output of the df command Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1240362656 16316904 211835952 8% / /dev/sda1 101086 11843 84024 13% /boot none 2047316 0 2047316 0% /dev/shm Any suggestions on this would be great.. TM Dave Hey Dave, This'll be a little tricky, but not too bad. In short, you'll .) migrate /boot to sdb1. This will free up the sda drive. .) build (degraded) raid arrays, filesystems on sda .) migrate sdb-sda .) boot/run from sda (degraded) .) create raid partitions on sdb .) add sdb raid paritions into /dev/md? arrays After doing the first step, you'll need to decide how your new system will be partitioned. I usually create 2 raid arrays on each drive, one 100M for /boot and whatever's left I make a LVG (/boot cannot be in a LV). Then I divvy up the logical volume. For QMT, I think I'd use: / - 8G /tmp - 1G /var - 2G swap - 1-2 times RAM /home - whatever's left That should get you started. Holler as you have questions, and we'll do what we can to help out. Oh, and please take notes. You might want to write a how-to for the wiki when you're done. ;) Ok, I am working on the process today by doing a complete backup to my nas so I have a complete image in case I break something. There is nothing else running on this machine except qmt-1.40 and dns. My tmp is very small so Eric's suggestion should work fine. I am documenting everything and when complete Ill put it in the wiki. TM Dave - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
[qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
David Milholen wrote: Eric Shubert wrote: David Milholen wrote: Hi All, I have an issue on one of my production mail server.. I did not install this one but it seems that when it was installed with no raid in mind. I need to make this move to go to raid 1 with out losing any configuration or data on the current root drive. I have never done this before but have a good understanding of what may need to happen I just need a good step by step to keep me from losing what is in place now. This machine is an e-server 326m has 2 sata 250GB drives. here is the output of the df command Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1240362656 16316904 211835952 8% / /dev/sda1 101086 11843 84024 13% /boot none 2047316 0 2047316 0% /dev/shm Any suggestions on this would be great.. TM Dave Hey Dave, This'll be a little tricky, but not too bad. In short, you'll .) migrate /boot to sdb1. This will free up the sda drive. .) build (degraded) raid arrays, filesystems on sda .) migrate sdb-sda .) boot/run from sda (degraded) .) create raid partitions on sdb .) add sdb raid paritions into /dev/md? arrays After doing the first step, you'll need to decide how your new system will be partitioned. I usually create 2 raid arrays on each drive, one 100M for /boot and whatever's left I make a LVG (/boot cannot be in a LV). Then I divvy up the logical volume. For QMT, I think I'd use: / - 8G /tmp - 1G /var - 2G swap - 1-2 times RAM /home - whatever's left That should get you started. Holler as you have questions, and we'll do what we can to help out. Oh, and please take notes. You might want to write a how-to for the wiki when you're done. ;) Ok, I am working on the process today by doing a complete backup to my nas so I have a complete image in case I break something. There is nothing else running on this machine except qmt-1.40 and dns. My tmp is very small so Eric's suggestion should work fine. I am documenting everything and when complete Ill put it in the wiki. TM Dave Sounds great Dave. Keep us posted. I would definitely keep a little space (maybe 12G or so) unused, just in case. You never know what'll come up. Sometimes you can use symlinks to work around a disk space shortage, but growing a LV is a much better solution. You need to have a little spare room to grow though. -- -Eric 'shubes' - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
Re: [qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
Dnia 2009-11-21, o godz. 19:17:36 Eric Shubert e...@shubes.net napisał(a): David Milholen wrote: Hi All, [...] here is the output of the df command Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1240362656 16316904 211835952 8% / /dev/sda1 101086 11843 84024 13% /boot none 2047316 0 2047316 0% /dev/shm Any suggestions on this would be great.. TM Dave [...] For QMT, I think I'd use: / - 8G /tmp - 1G /var - 2G swap - 1-2 times RAM /home - whatever's left That should get you started. Holler as you have questions, and we'll do what we can to help out. Oh, and please take notes. You might want to write a how-to for the wiki when you're done. ;) 1 GiB for /tmp and 2 GiB for /tmp is to too little, multiply it by 10. :) There is configuration from one of my servers, 2 SATA disks: 8-- [r...@srv ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda2 26 60801 488183220 fd Linux raid autodetect [r...@srv ~]# df -v System plików bl. 1K Bużyte dostępne %uż. zamont. na /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 15236080 9083884 5365764 63% / /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01 20642428 8589880 11003972 44% /var /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol03 10321208186784 9610136 2% /tmp /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol05 206424760 142058292 53880708 73% /samba /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol06 122337340 11556244 104566648 10% /samba1 /dev/md0194366 38522145809 21% /boot /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol04 103212320 41169756 56799684 43% /home tmpfs 1025420 0 1025420 0% /dev/shm [r...@srv ~]# pvscan -s /dev/md1 Total: 1 [465,56 GB] / in use: 1 [465,56 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ] [r...@srv ~]# lvscan ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [15,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol05' [200,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol04' [100,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol03' [10,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol06' [118,53 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [20,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol02' [2,00 GB] inherit -- swap 8-- EOT In filesystem /tmp sometimes there are big files, once a week logwatch analyzes logs, big files if you have strong firewall rules. 5 GiB for tmp is the safe minimum. In /var filesystem are mysql databases, all logs, standard http serwer, ftp and many, many others. On my server I listed above /var/www is symbolic link to /home/www. IMO to migrate you have to reinstall OS. Backup separately /home, /var, /etc, /usr/local/bin and maybe something from /usr/share (i.e. squirrelmail). If you have linux with selinux use star, not tar. You can do backup to another linux machine using ssh and star. You can use tape backup or to DVD. Remember before backup files to down all services that writes to /var (i.e. mysql, qmail and so on). -- Pozdrawiam / Regards, Aleksander Podsiadły mail: a...@westside.kielce.pl jid: a...@jabber.westside.kielce.pl ICQ: 201121279 gg: 9150578 - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
[qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
Aleksander Podsiadły wrote: Dnia 2009-11-21, o godz. 19:17:36 Eric Shubert e...@shubes.net napisał(a): David Milholen wrote: Hi All, [...] here is the output of the df command Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1240362656 16316904 211835952 8% / /dev/sda1 101086 11843 84024 13% /boot none 2047316 0 2047316 0% /dev/shm Any suggestions on this would be great.. TM Dave [...] For QMT, I think I'd use: / - 8G /tmp - 1G /var - 2G swap - 1-2 times RAM /home - whatever's left That should get you started. Holler as you have questions, and we'll do what we can to help out. Oh, and please take notes. You might want to write a how-to for the wiki when you're done. ;) 1 GiB for /tmp and 2 GiB for /tmp is to too little, multiply it by 10. :) You might want to make these a little bigger I suppose, especially if you're running things other than QMT on it. I think that 10x is excessive though. Doubling them should be sufficient. You also might consider setting aside a sizable chunk of the VG for expansion. Then you can grow whichever LV might need it as you see where your utilization is going. There is configuration from one of my servers, 2 SATA disks: 8-- [r...@srv ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda2 26 60801 488183220 fd Linux raid autodetect [r...@srv ~]# df -v System plików bl. 1K Bużyte dostępne %uż. zamont. na /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 15236080 9083884 5365764 63% / /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01 20642428 8589880 11003972 44% /var /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol03 10321208186784 9610136 2% /tmp /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol05 206424760 142058292 53880708 73% /samba /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol06 122337340 11556244 104566648 10% /samba1 /dev/md0194366 38522145809 21% /boot /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol04 103212320 41169756 56799684 43% /home tmpfs 1025420 0 1025420 0% /dev/shm [r...@srv ~]# pvscan -s /dev/md1 Total: 1 [465,56 GB] / in use: 1 [465,56 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ] [r...@srv ~]# lvscan ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [15,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol05' [200,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol04' [100,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol03' [10,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol06' [118,53 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [20,00 GB] inherit ACTIVE'/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol02' [2,00 GB] inherit -- swap 8-- EOT In filesystem /tmp sometimes there are big files, once a week logwatch analyzes logs, big files if you have strong firewall rules. 5 GiB for tmp is the safe minimum. In /var filesystem are mysql databases, all logs, standard http serwer, ftp and many, many others. On my server I listed above /var/www is symbolic link to /home/www. Yes, if you have other things on the host besides QMT, you might need more headroom in these areas. Or if you have thousands of users. IMO to migrate you have to reinstall OS. Backup separately /home, /var, /etc, /usr/local/bin and maybe something from /usr/share (i.e. squirrelmail). If you have linux with selinux use star, not tar. You can do backup to another linux machine using ssh and star. You can use tape backup or to DVD. Remember before backup files to down all services that writes to /var (i.e. mysql, qmail and so on). Reinstalling is almost always the easiest way to do a migration. Sometimes it's not an option though, and it's not always necessary. Do be sure to have everything backed up, no matter how you do the migration. You can get a 1TB external drive for $100 these days. Of course, moving 1TB across a USB connection takes quite a while (like 14 hours or so at best). -- -Eric 'shubes' - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
Re: [qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
Dnia 2009-11-22, o godz. 10:21:28 Eric Shubert e...@shubes.net napisał(a): 1 GiB for /tmp and 2 GiB for /tmp is to too little, multiply it by 10. :) You might want to make these a little bigger I suppose, especially if you're running things other than QMT on it. I think that 10x is excessive though. Doubling them should be sufficient. Local admin knows his needs. :) In my opinion for /tmp minimum 5 GiB, for /var 10 GiB, it's my experience. The tmp file system is occasionally filled, var has critical resources. Logs are shorter if admin uses OSSEC or something similar (i.e. portsentry). Mailserver should be resistant to DoS. So it doesn't pay to economize on essentials. ;) -- Pozdrawiam / Regards, Aleksander Podsiadły mail: a...@westside.kielce.pl jid: a...@jabber.westside.kielce.pl ICQ: 201121279 gg: 9150578 - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
Re: [qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
On 23-Nov-09 1:21 AM, Eric Shubert wrote: Do be sure to have everything backed up, no matter how you do the migration. You can get a 1TB external drive for $100 these days. Of course, moving 1TB across a USB connection takes quite a while (like 14 hours or so at best). Please share some great backup app that can backup a live server. I have tested Clonezilla from http://clonezilla.org/ . With my testing, I had to restart the machine using the Clonezilla then do a backup. I am looking for a solution that would do a backup of a live running server. Any suggestions? P.V.Anthony - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
Re: [qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
Dnia 2009-11-23, o godz. 01:53:15 P.V.Anthony pvant...@singnet.com.sg napisał(a): I am looking for a solution that would do a backup of a live running server. No way. :( Oracle, Informix, MySQL and many RDBMS has native backup solutions. :| -- Pozdrawiam / Regards, Aleksander Podsiadły mail: a...@westside.kielce.pl jid: a...@jabber.westside.kielce.pl ICQ: 201121279 gg: 9150578 - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
[qmailtoaster] Re: how to go from no raid to raid 1
David Milholen wrote: Hi All, I have an issue on one of my production mail server.. I did not install this one but it seems that when it was installed with no raid in mind. I need to make this move to go to raid 1 with out losing any configuration or data on the current root drive. I have never done this before but have a good understanding of what may need to happen I just need a good step by step to keep me from losing what is in place now. This machine is an e-server 326m has 2 sata 250GB drives. here is the output of the df command Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1240362656 16316904 211835952 8% / /dev/sda1 101086 11843 84024 13% /boot none 2047316 0 2047316 0% /dev/shm Any suggestions on this would be great.. TM Dave Hey Dave, This'll be a little tricky, but not too bad. In short, you'll .) migrate /boot to sdb1. This will free up the sda drive. .) build (degraded) raid arrays, filesystems on sda .) migrate sdb-sda .) boot/run from sda (degraded) .) create raid partitions on sdb .) add sdb raid paritions into /dev/md? arrays After doing the first step, you'll need to decide how your new system will be partitioned. I usually create 2 raid arrays on each drive, one 100M for /boot and whatever's left I make a LVG (/boot cannot be in a LV). Then I divvy up the logical volume. For QMT, I think I'd use: / - 8G /tmp - 1G /var - 2G swap - 1-2 times RAM /home - whatever's left That should get you started. Holler as you have questions, and we'll do what we can to help out. Oh, and please take notes. You might want to write a how-to for the wiki when you're done. ;) -- -Eric 'shubes' - Qmailtoaster is sponsored by Vickers Consulting Group (www.vickersconsulting.com) Vickers Consulting Group offers Qmailtoaster support and installations. If you need professional help with your setup, contact them today! - Please visit qmailtoaster.com for the latest news, updates, and packages. To unsubscribe, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-unsubscr...@qmailtoaster.com For additional commands, e-mail: qmailtoaster-list-h...@qmailtoaster.com
