[R] Outputing dataframe or vector from within a user defined function
Hi, I have written a user defined function that carries out a monte carlo simulation and outputs various stats. I would like to access and store the simulation data (a two column local variable) from outside the function I have written. How can I output the data from the function as new variable(not simply print it), accessible outside the function? I am probably going to find that this is really simple, yet I have not been able to find the answer in (usual places, manuals, 2 x Books and mailing lists) Many Thanks Andy Cox __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] glmmADMB: Generalized Linear Mixed Models using AD Model Builder
May I interject a comment? When data is generated from a specified model with reasonable parameter values, it should be possible to fit such a model successful, or is this me being stupid? Let me take a turn at being stupid. Why should this be true? That is, why should it be possible to easily fit a model that is generated ( i.e. using a pseudo-random number generator) from a perfectly well-defined model? For example, I can easily generate simple linear models contaminated with outliers that are quite difficult to fit (e.g. via resistant fitting methods). In nonlinear fitting, it is quite easy to generate data from oevrparameterized models that are quite difficult to fit or whose fit is very sensitive to initial conditions. Remember: the design (for the covariates) at which you fit the data must support the parameterization. The most dramatic examples are probably of simple nonlinear model systems with no noise which produce chaotic results when parameters are in certain ranges. These would be totally impossible to recover from the data. So I repeat: just because you can generate data from a simple model, why should it be easy to fit the data and recover the model? Cheers, Bert Gunter Genentech __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Ranking factors given a weight
Hi all, I'm trying to rank a couple of factors by a variable and a weight of the variable in each occurrence (some samples are bigger than others). input = data.frame( alfa = rnorm(5000), weight = rnorm(5000,-5,10), tag1 = sample(c(a,b,c,d),5000,replace=TRUE), tag2 = sample(c(i,j,k),5000,replace=TRUE) ) alfa are the observations, each of which has a weight, and tag1 and tag2 are the factors. The idea would be to have a ranking of tag1, tag2, and a combination of both. There must be a way to do that with ave() or sort() but I haven't found how. Thanks in advance, Albert. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Outputing dataframe or vector from within a user defined function
Andrew Cox wrote:
Hi,
I have written a user defined function that carries
out a monte carlo simulation and outputs various
stats. I would like to access and store the simulation
data (a two column local variable) from outside the
function I have written. How can I output the data
from the function as new variable(not simply print
it), accessible outside
the function?
I am probably going to find that this is really
simple, yet I have not been able to find the answer in
(usual places, manuals, 2 x Books and mailing lists)
It's certainly in all books about R that I know as well as in the
manuals. And you are using it all the time for other functions: assignments.
Simply speaking, the last value of a function is returned. You can also
explicitly call return(). You have to assign the value to a new variable
when you call the function. Example:
foo - function(){
x - rnorm(10)
y - x*5
return(list(x=x, y=y))
}
result - foo()
result
Uwe Ligges
Many Thanks
Andy Cox
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
__
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Re: [R] Outputing dataframe or vector from within a user defined function
Hi
having function e.g.
mean.int-function(x,p=.95)
{x.na-na.omit(x)
mu-mean(x.na)
odch-sd(x.na)
l-length(x.na)
alfa-(1-p)/2
mu.d-mu-qt(1-alfa,l-1)*odch/sqrt(l)
mu.h-mu+qt(1-alfa,l-1)*odch/sqrt(l)
return(data.frame(mu.d,mu,mu.h))
}
result - mean.int(cbind(rnorm(10),rnorm(10)*2,rnorm(10)+2))
results in data frame result.
But I susspect that you use some cycle in your function. In that case
you need index variable within for loop.
for (i in {
var[i] -
}
return(var)
HTH
Petr
On 20 Dec 2005 at 7:39, Andrew Cox wrote:
Date sent: Tue, 20 Dec 2005 07:39:27 + (GMT)
From: Andrew Cox [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject:[R] Outputing dataframe or vector from within a user
defined
function
Hi,
I have written a user defined function that carries
out a monte carlo simulation and outputs various
stats. I would like to access and store the simulation
data (a two column local variable) from outside the
function I have written. How can I output the data
from the function as new variable, accessible outside
the function?
I am probably going to find that this is really
simple, yet I have not been able to find the answer in
(usual places, manuals, 2 x Books and mailing lists)
Many Thanks
Andy Cox
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide!
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Petr Pikal
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
On Tue, 20 Dec 2005 11:12:40 +0200 Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does I do not understand what you are trying to do: rpm -i R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm then you install R-2.2.0 not R-2.1.1 So what do you mean with problems installing R-2.1.1 ? Did you have old versions of R/blas/etc installed? Anyway: Personally I never encountered such an error. Detlef not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Hmm, where did the blas come in? I don't seem to have it on the SuSE 10 machine that I have access to (but it is running R-base-2.2.0-0). Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Time data
Dear All, I wonder how to compute the age from the date of birth and the date of examination. Suppose that have the following data: df - as.data.frame(rbind(c(1,10/08/1950,15/03/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,20/07/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,23/10/1998))) names(df) - c(ID, date_birth, date_exam) where: date_birth: is the date of birth date_exam: date of examination I used the following program to compute the value of the age : difftime(strptime(as.character(df$date_exam), '%d/%m/%Y'), strptime(as.character(df$date_birth), '%d/%m/%Y'))/365.25 which gives me as an output: Time differences of 47.59491, 47.94251, 48.20260 days theses values are actually the 3 ages (but My questions are: 1- Why in the output it says days instead of years) 2- How can I obtain the output as a numeric vector, without the statement Time difference of . This is in order to use it in my calculations. 3- Is there a way quicker and less redondant to compute the age form the date_birth and date_exam? Thanks a lot, Bernard, - [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] object length
Why I got warning from the following code? assign(x, c(10, 5, 4, 2, 2)) y - c(x, 0, x) y [1] 10 5 4 2 2 0 10 5 4 2 2 v - 2*x + y + 1 Warning message: longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length in: 2 * x + y v [1] 31 16 13 7 7 21 21 14 9 7 23 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
On 20 Dec 2005 11:11:18 +0100 Peter Dalgaard [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Hmm, where did the blas come in? I don't seem to have it on the SuSE 10 machine that I have access to (but it is running R-base-2.2.0-0). I compiled it in in 2.2.0-1 . libblas is provided in the standard online-repository for opensuse, so it doesn´t hurt. (at least not more than gfortran i.e.) Detlef Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] run line or selection
I use a MAC machine to run R. I found there was no such a tool like run line or selection in R 2.2.0 under Windows. Does the tool hide somewhere? __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Overlaying lattice plots
Hillary, Richard M wrote: Morning chaps, I have a little question for your capable minds... Say I have an observed and predicted set of quants (in my case, length frequencies by year and age/length), is there a way to use lattice plots to plot the observed and predicted data together, panel by panel? Obrigado/gracias (thankyou in Galego is?...) Rich Hi Richard, If you want to plot both datasets on the same plot just make use of the xyplot for FLQuants, something like flqs - FLQuants(list(pred=pred.quant, res=res.quant)) xyplot(data~age, data=flqs) now tune it the way you want and change the formula to fit your needs. Regards EJ ps: I'm cc'ing this to the mailing lists, I find it usefull for others. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Overlaying lattice plots
Excellent, thanks man! Rich -Original Message- From: ernesto [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 20 December 2005 10:32 To: Hillary, Richard M; Iago Mosqueira; Mailing List R; R-devel Subject: Re: Overlaying lattice plots Hillary, Richard M wrote: Morning chaps, I have a little question for your capable minds... Say I have an observed and predicted set of quants (in my case, length frequencies by year and age/length), is there a way to use lattice plots to plot the observed and predicted data together, panel by panel? Obrigado/gracias (thankyou in Galego is?...) Rich Hi Richard, If you want to plot both datasets on the same plot just make use of the xyplot for FLQuants, something like flqs - FLQuants(list(pred=pred.quant, res=res.quant)) xyplot(data~age, data=flqs) now tune it the way you want and change the formula to fit your needs. Regards EJ ps: I'm cc'ing this to the mailing lists, I find it usefull for others. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
I used the SuSE 10 CDs as installation sources and added afterwards OpenSuse sources and extra CDs for Suse 10 and OpenSuse. By the way, I decided to compile it from source and it worked without problems - no errors. I guess that one of the versions used in the compilation for the rpms is not compatible with a newer version. Thanks for your help, Rainer Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Hmm, where did the blas come in? I don't seem to have it on the SuSE 10 machine that I have access to (but it is running R-base-2.2.0-0). Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] [Rd] Overlaying lattice plots - SORRY, WRONG MAILING LIST ADDRESS
ernesto wrote: Hillary, Richard M wrote: Morning chaps, I have a little question for your capable minds... Say I have an observed and predicted set of quants (in my case, length frequencies by year and age/length), is there a way to use lattice plots to plot the observed and predicted data together, panel by panel? Obrigado/gracias (thankyou in Galego is?...) Rich Hi Richard, If you want to plot both datasets on the same plot just make use of the xyplot for FLQuants, something like flqs - FLQuants(list(pred=pred.quant, res=res.quant)) xyplot(data~age, data=flqs) now tune it the way you want and change the formula to fit your needs. Regards EJ ps: I'm cc'ing this to the mailing lists, I find it usefull for others. Hi, Sorry for this message, wrong address. I wanted to send it to FLR-mailing list. Regards EJ __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Time data
Hi On 20 Dec 2005 at 11:12, Marc Bernard wrote: Date sent: Tue, 20 Dec 2005 11:12:28 +0100 (CET) From: Marc Bernard [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch Subject:[R] Time data Dear All, I wonder how to compute the age from the date of birth and the date of examination. Suppose that have the following data: df - as.data.frame(rbind(c(1,10/08/1950,15/03/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,20/07/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,23/10/1998))) names(df) - c(ID, date_birth, date_exam) where: date_birth: is the date of birth date_exam: date of examination I used the following program to compute the value of the age : difftime(strptime(as.character(df$date_exam), '%d/%m/%Y'), strptime(as.character(df$date_birth), '%d/%m/%Y'))/365.25 which gives me as an output: Time differences of 47.59491, 47.94251, 48.20260 days theses values are actually the 3 ages (but My questions are: 1- Why in the output it says days instead of years) this is in attributes of an output and is not changed by calculations 2- How can I obtain the output as a numeric vector, without the statement Time difference of . This is in order to use it in my calculations. as.numeric(as.Date(df$date_exam)-as.Date(df$date_birth))/365 However you can use it in calculations without problem as I suppose that Time difference of results from print method of a difftime object. 3- Is there a way quicker and less redondant to compute the age form the date_birth and date_exam? as.Date(df$date_exam)-as.Date(df$date_birth) HTH Petr Thanks a lot, Bernard, - [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html Petr Pikal [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Problems in batch mode
Dear R-users, I am trying to run some simulations in batch mode. In an older version of the program, I used rterm --vsize=100M --nsize=5000K --restore --save input file output file, however, in the new version R 2.2.0 , the parameters vsize and nsize are ignored. I can use the command memory.limit to increase memory, but I am not sure if this corresponds to vsize and nsize. Does anyone know how can I set these quantities now? __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] object length
linda.s wrote: Why I got warning from the following code? assign(x, c(10, 5, 4, 2, 2)) y - c(x, 0, x) y [1] 10 5 4 2 2 0 10 5 4 2 2 v - 2*x + y + 1 Read the Warning message and try to interpret it If you still do not get the point: (length(x)*2+1) == length(y) Uwe Ligges Warning message: longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length in: 2 * x + y v [1] 31 16 13 7 7 21 21 14 9 7 23 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] object length
Hi On 20 Dec 2005 at 2:21, linda.s wrote: Date sent: Tue, 20 Dec 2005 02:21:34 -0800 From: linda.s [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch Subject:[R] object length Why I got warning from the following code? assign(x, c(10, 5, 4, 2, 2)) y - c(x, 0, x) y [1] 10 5 4 2 2 0 10 5 4 2 2 v - 2*x + y + 1 Warning message: longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length in: 2 * x + y v [1] 31 16 13 7 7 21 21 14 9 7 23 Because longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length e.g. x has length 5 and y has length 11 and they can be recycled during computation only fractionally. So the program computes the result but warns you about this. If you expected both vactors have same length there is time to look more closely to how they look like and how they were constructed. HTH Petr __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html Petr Pikal [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10
On Tue, 20 Dec 2005 12:35:39 +0200 Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I used the SuSE 10 CDs as installation sources and added afterwards OpenSuse sources and extra CDs for Suse 10 and OpenSuse. May be there is a difference between SuSE and OpenSuSE nowadays?! I exclusively use OpenSuSE now and was under the impression those were equivalent. By the way, I decided to compile it from source and it worked without problems - no errors. Nice to hear. I guess that one of the versions used in the compilation for the rpms is not compatible with a newer version. Happy R`ing Detlef Thanks for your help, Rainer Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Nope - If I enter rpm -qf `which gfortran` I get gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 Rainer Hmm, where did the blas come in? I don't seem to have it on the SuSE 10 machine that I have access to (but it is running R-base-2.2.0-0). Peter Dalgaard wrote: Rainer M Krug [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi I have problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm (R-base-2.2.0-1.i586.rpm) on SuSE 10. It installs fine, all dependances are OK (at least Yast does not complain) but when I try to run R, it gives the following error message: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libblas.so.3: undefined symbol: _gfortran_filename and R quits. blas version: 3.0-926 Any help appreciated, Rainer I suspect you're missing turmalin:~/rpm -qf `which gfortran` gcc-fortran-4.0.2_20050901-3 -- -- Rainer M. Krug, Dipl. Phys. (Germany), MSc Conservation Biology (UCT) Department of Conservation Ecology University of Stellenbosch Matieland 7602 South Africa Tel:+27 - (0)72 808 2975 (w) Fax:+27 - (0)21 808 3304 Cell:+27 - (0)83 9479 042 email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Overlaying lattice plots
There seems to be a problem here, probably of my own making... flqs - FLQuants(list(observed=obs, fitted=fits)) xyplot(data~age,data=flqs) Error in tmp[subset] : object is not subsettable ? -Original Message- From: ernesto [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 20 December 2005 10:32 To: Hillary, Richard M; Iago Mosqueira; Mailing List R; R-devel Subject: Re: Overlaying lattice plots Hillary, Richard M wrote: Morning chaps, I have a little question for your capable minds... Say I have an observed and predicted set of quants (in my case, length frequencies by year and age/length), is there a way to use lattice plots to plot the observed and predicted data together, panel by panel? Obrigado/gracias (thankyou in Galego is?...) Rich Hi Richard, If you want to plot both datasets on the same plot just make use of the xyplot for FLQuants, something like flqs - FLQuants(list(pred=pred.quant, res=res.quant)) xyplot(data~age, data=flqs) now tune it the way you want and change the formula to fit your needs. Regards EJ ps: I'm cc'ing this to the mailing lists, I find it usefull for others. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] glmmADMB: Generalized Linear Mixed Models using AD Model Builder
I agree that the model is not fitting the Lesaffre data well, but my point was to show that glmmADMB is numerically stable. Numerical stability is obviously a nice property, but becomes particularly important when one wants to do parametric bootstrappin, which I think is needed for these kinds of models to assess bias in parameter estimates. glmmADMB produces the exact parameter values that maximizes the Laplace approximation for this dataset. Another story is that the Laplace approximation is inaccurate here, as can be shown by using other likelihood approximations. hans Douglas Bates wrote: Ah yes, that example. It is also given as the 'toenail' data set in the 'mlmus' package of data sets from the book Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata by Sophia Rabe-Hesketh and Anders Skrondal (Stata Press, 2005). It is not surprising that it is difficult to fit such a model to these data because the data do not look like they come from such a model. You did not include the estimates of the variance of the random effects in your output. It is very large and very poorly determined. If you check the distribution of the posterior modes of the random effects (for linear mixed models these are called the BLUPs - Best Linear Unbiased Predictors - and you could call them BLUPs here too except for the fact that they are not linear and they are not unbiased and there isn't a clear sense in which they are best) it is clearly not a Gaussian distribution with mean zero. I enclose a density plot. You can see that it is bimodal and the larger of the two peaks is for a negative value. These are the random effects for those subjects that had no positive responses - 163 out of the 294 subjects. sum(with(lesaffre, tapply(y, subject, mean)) == 0) [1] 163 There is no information to estimate the random effects for these subjects other than make it as large and negative as possible. It is pointless to estimate the fixed effects for such a clearly inappropriate model. lattice package. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] object length
linda.s wrote: Why I got warning from the following code? assign(x, c(10, 5, 4, 2, 2)) y - c(x, 0, x) y [1] 10 5 4 2 2 0 10 5 4 2 2 v - 2*x + y + 1 Warning message: longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length in: 2 * x + y v [1] 31 16 13 7 7 21 21 14 9 7 23 Because the y vector contains 11 elements and the x vector contains 5. The message is just to warn the user that the elements of the shorter vector will not be uniformly represented in the result. Jim __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] R 2.2.1 is released
I've rolled up R-2.2.1.tar.gz a short while ago. This is a maintenance release containing mainly bugfixes. See the full list of changes below. You can get it from http://cran.r-project.org/src/base/R-2/R-2.2.1.tar.gz (give it some time to arrive there) or wait for it to be mirrored at a CRAN site nearer to you. If you're *really* impatient, http://www.biostat.ku.dk/~pd/R-release should work too. Binaries for various platforms will appear in due course. There is also a version split for floppies. For the R Core Team Peter Dalgaard These are the md5sums for the freshly created files, in case you wish to check that they are uncorrupted: 94d55d512a9ba36caa9b7df079bae19f COPYING fad9b3332be894bab9bc501572864b29 COPYING.LIB de541086db1146c1595d5be1d94a1b94 FAQ 70447ae7f2c35233d3065b004aa4f331 INSTALL 2c832b91154f663c0f07930d5e2a3dee NEWS 88bbd6781faedc788a1cbd434194480c ONEWS 4f004de59e24a52d0f500063b4603bcb OONEWS 42542290c6d1585af7ded330f811385c R-2.2.1.tar.gz a9126622c51bef60e3febb41b2e737e5 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.aa e89b51f6dbc1ddffd646a3f1f203f4f1 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ab 15d93b1b5c38b6178ddcf9485dbd8cf1 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ac 282bbbdd00c0066b6042ce16844036be R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ad 6d00347225140283e6c93f253cb7c180 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ae 2441c58fc24a69dd5cc65517a0b5e285 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.af 4ddcd13639debd984e3664a6b0681bd4 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ag 4a042d73ec00d7d46be1cc704063dc39 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ah 0d5d54a78ab994bacb12a98bece1306f R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.ai 69b38c655e4c1b7c36cb0abaa4890253 R-2.2.1.tar.gz-split.aj 42542290c6d1585af7ded330f811385c R-latest.tar.gz 56a780cdec835c5c598f8dfc0738f7f3 README 020479f381d5f9038dcb18708997f5da RESOURCES Here is the relevant part of the NEWS file: USER-VISIBLE CHANGES o options(expressions) has been reduced to 1000: the limit of 5000 introduced in 2.1.0 was liable to give crashes from C stack overflow. NEW FEATURES o Use of 'pch' (e.g. in points) in the symbol font 5 is now interpreted in the single-byte encoding used by that font. Similarly, strwidth now recognizes that font 5 has a different encoding from that of the locale. (These are likely to affect the answer only in MBCS locales such as UTF-8.) o The URW font metrics have been updated to versions from late 2002 which cover more glyphs, including Cyrillic. o New postscript encodings for CP1250 (Windows East European), ISO Latin-7 (8859-13, Latvian, Lithuanian and Maori), Cyrillic (8859-5), KOI8-R, KOI8-U and CP1251. o configure has more support for the Intel and Portland Group compilers on ix86 and x86_64 Linux. o R CMD INSTALL will clean up if interrupted (e.g. by ctrl-C from the keyboard). o There is now a comprehensive French translation of the messages, thanks to Philippe Grosjean. DEPRECATED DEFUNCT o The undocumented use of atan() with two arguments is deprecated: instead use atan2() (as documented). o The 'vfont' argument of axis() and mtext() is deprecated (it currently warns and does nothing). o The function mauchley.test() is deprecated (was a misspelling) and replaced by mauchly.test() BUG FIXES o The malloc's of AIX and OSF/1 which return NULL for size 0 are now catered for in src/main/regex.c. o Names of list elements which are missing are now printed as $NA and not $NA (which is how the non-missing name NA is printed). (Brought up in discussion of PR#8161.) o help.start() was not linking R.css for use by its front page and immediate links (2.2.0 only). o Indexing by character NA matched the name NA. o The arith-true test used random inputs and did not set the seed, so it could fail very occasionally. o arima() with 'fixed' supplied and p=0 for the non-seasonal part could give spurious warnings about 'some AR parameters were fixed'. o summary.matrix() could give an infinite recursion on some classed objects (e.g. those of class Surv). o The 255th character in an 8-bit character set was not handled correctly as a letter on some platforms where C char is signed: for example it was printed as \377 and not allowed in variable names. (Spotted by Alexey Shipunov in Russian encodings.) o Conversion from POSIXct to POSIXlt is done more accurately around the change of DST in years not supported by the OS (pre-1970 on Windows and some others, and in the far past or future). o chisq.test(cbind(1:0, c(7,16)), simulate.p = TRUE) gave wrong P-values on some platforms. (PR#8224) o pdf() was not writing details of the encoding to the file correctly. (Spotted by Alexey Shipunov in Russian encodings.) o image() was failing with an error when plotting a
[R] x axis
Hello, I write to know how can I modify the x axis : when I plot a survival object, R plots a graph with x values = 0, 10, 20, 30 while I want a graph with values 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 in the x axis. How can I do this? In R 2.1.1 version there was time.inc in survplot, but in version R 2.2.0 there isn't it! I am sorry for my english and I hope that you understand my problem. Thank you Michela ** Dr.ssa Michela Ballardini Unità di Biostatistica e Sperimentazioni Cliniche c/o Osp. Morgagni-Pierantoni - Pad. Valsalva Via Forlanini, 34 47100 Forlì Tel 0543-731836 Tel/Fax 0543-731612 ** [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Random effects with glm()
Dear R users: I am using the glm function in order to analysis data on fertility of rabbit females, the response variable are either 1, the female became pregnant, or 0, she does not. I am using the probit link function. Actually I have several measurement per female, thus it would be nice if I can include a random permanent effect of female in the model. I order to take into account for the variance covariance estructure of the data. I supply the calculation in this way: fert_probit-glm(fer ~ gae + ctipo -1, family = binomial(link=probit), data = FERTILIDAD) Thus my question is: Do exit same option in the glm() function to allow for random effects?, similar to the random option in lme() Thanks in advance Juan Pablo. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems in batch mode
Oh, please do your homework (in this case `An Introduction to R' and the NEWS file). R 2.2.0 is not `new' (2.2.1 is), and those flags have been obselete for years (literally). On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Tomas Goicoa wrote: Dear R-users, I am trying to run some simulations in batch mode. In an older version of the program, I used rterm --vsize=100M --nsize=5000K --restore --save input file output file, however, in the new version R 2.2.0 , the parameters vsize and nsize are ignored. I can use the command memory.limit to increase memory, but I am not sure if this corresponds to vsize and nsize. Does anyone know how can I set these quantities now? -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] need help in nnet
Hello Everybody, I would like to know how to interpret the result of nnet function of R. My result looks like this: # weights: 24 initial value 6.533893 iter 10 value 4.616299 iter 20 value 4.616120 iter 30 value 4.616109 iter 30 value 4.616109 final value 4.616109 converged cres true 1 1 10 2 3 Can anyone please help me asap? Thanks and Regards, Madhurima. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Time data
On 12/20/05, Marc Bernard [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear All, I wonder how to compute the age from the date of birth and the date of examination. Suppose that have the following data: df - as.data.frame(rbind(c(1,10/08/1950,15/03/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,20/07/1998), c(1,10/08/1950,23/10/1998))) names(df) - c(ID, date_birth, date_exam) where: date_birth: is the date of birth date_exam: date of examination I used the following program to compute the value of the age : First ensure that df stores its dates using Date class in the first place. If your data is stored in the correct representation then everything becomes easier subsequently: fmt - %d/%m/%Y df[,2] - as.Date(df[,2], fmt) df[,3] - as.Date(df[,3], fmt) # converting them to numeric gives the number of days since # the Epoch and one can just subtact those: (as.numeric(df$date_exam) - as..numeric(df$date_birth)) / 365 R News 4/1 Help Desk article has more info on dates. difftime(strptime(as.character(df$date_exam), '%d/%m/%Y'), strptime(as.character(df$date_birth), '%d/%m/%Y'))/365.25 which gives me as an output: Time differences of 47.59491, 47.94251, 48.20260 days theses values are actually the 3 ages (but My questions are: 1- Why in the output it says days instead of years) 2- How can I obtain the output as a numeric vector, without the statement Time difference of . This is in order to use it in my calculations. 3- Is there a way quicker and less redondant to compute the age form the date_birth and date_exam? Thanks a lot, Bernard, - [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] x axis
On Tue, 2005-12-20 at 12:56 +0100, Michela Ballardini wrote: Hello, I write to know how can I modify the x axis : when I plot a survival object, R plots a graph with x values = 0, 10, 20, 30 while I want a graph with values 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 in the x axis. How can I do this? In R 2.1.1 version there was time.inc in survplot, but in version R 2.2.0 there isn't it! I am sorry for my english and I hope that you understand my problem. Thank you Michela I suspect that you are confusing the arguments available for plot.survfit() which is in the 'survival' package as part of the standard R installation, with survplot() which is in Frank Harrell's 'Design' package, which needs to be installed from CRAN. The former does not have a 'time.inc' argument, while the latter does (and still does). You probably need to install Design in your updated R installation, since under Windows (from your e-mail headers), R is installed in version specific directories. Then be sure to use library(Design) before using survplot(). Even with plot.survfit(), one can adjust the x axis labels by using something like the following (an example from ?plot.survfit): leukemia.surv - survfit(Surv(time, status) ~ x, data = aml) # Now compare the default labels here: plot(leukemia.surv, lty = 2:3) # With these: # Set 'xaxt = n' so the x axis is not drawn plot(leukemia.surv, lty = 2:3, xaxt = n) # Now draw x axis with labels every 6 months # Make the font smaller to fit in this example axis(1, at = seq(0, 172, 6), cex.axis = 0.5) HTH, Marc Schwartz __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Installing packages into updated R
A minor inconvenience in updating an R installation is remembering which packages were installed previously. Has anyone written a script to inspect a previous installation, then get install the same packages into the new installation? -- Michael Prager NOAA Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 Opinions expressed are personal, not official. No government endorsement of any product is made or implied. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Installing packages into updated R
In http://cran.r-project.org/contrib/extra/batchfiles/batchfiles_0.2-5.zip are two Windows XP batch files: movedir.bat copydir.bat which will move the packages (which is much faster and suitable if you don't need the old version of R any more) or copy the packages (which takes longer but preserves the old version). On 12/20/05, Michael H. Prager [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: A minor inconvenience in updating an R installation is remembering which packages were installed previously. Has anyone written a script to inspect a previous installation, then get install the same packages into the new installation? -- Michael Prager NOAA Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 Opinions expressed are personal, not official. No government endorsement of any product is made or implied. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] from Colombia - help
Hi, my name is Andres Felipe Barrientos, I'm a student of Statistic and don't speak in english. En mi trabajo de grado necesito implementar la funcion smooth.spline y necesito saber con que tipo de spline trabaja (b-splines o naturales). Ademas me gustaria saber cual es la base que se usa para encontrar estos splines, por ejemplo, cosenos, senos, polinomios entre otros Otra pregunta que tengo consiste en saber cual es la relacion que sostiene la funcion smooth.spline y ns Agradeciendo la atencion prestada y esperando una respuesta desde la universidad del valle, quien le escribe. Andres Felipe - 1GB gratis, Antivirus y Antispam Correo Yahoo!, el mejor correo web del mundo Abrí tu cuenta aquí [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] glmmADMB: Generalized Linear Mixed Models using AD Model Builder
Of course it is generally possible to generate datasets for a perfectly well-defined model that are hard to fit, but in this particular case I feel it should be possible. In my observations, glmm.admb is far more numerically stable fitting GLMM's than other software I've seen. Further , I don't think the data I generated come from a model that is overparameterized, severely contaminated with outliers, has no noise, or is nonlinear. But I encourage anyone to run a simulation study with generated data they think are acceptable and compare the robustness of several methods. I leave it at this. Best regards, Roel de Jong Berton Gunter wrote: May I interject a comment? When data is generated from a specified model with reasonable parameter values, it should be possible to fit such a model successful, or is this me being stupid? Let me take a turn at being stupid. Why should this be true? That is, why should it be possible to easily fit a model that is generated ( i.e. using a pseudo-random number generator) from a perfectly well-defined model? For example, I can easily generate simple linear models contaminated with outliers that are quite difficult to fit (e.g. via resistant fitting methods). In nonlinear fitting, it is quite easy to generate data from oevrparameterized models that are quite difficult to fit or whose fit is very sensitive to initial conditions. Remember: the design (for the covariates) at which you fit the data must support the parameterization. The most dramatic examples are probably of simple nonlinear model systems with no noise which produce chaotic results when parameters are in certain ranges. These would be totally impossible to recover from the data. So I repeat: just because you can generate data from a simple model, why should it be easy to fit the data and recover the model? Cheers, Bert Gunter Genentech __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Help to find only one class and differennt class
Dear R users, I have a problem, which I can not find a solution. Probably someone could help me? I have a result from my classification, like this credit.toy [[1]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 20-30 no nolow male good 2 40-50 no yes medium female good [[2]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 20-30 yes yes high male poor 2 20-30 no yes high male good 3 20-30 yes nolow female poor 4 60-70 yes yeslow female poor 5 60-70 no yes high male poor [[3]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 30-40 yes no high male good 2 20-30 no yes medium female good [[4]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 50-60 yes yeslow female poor 2 40-50 yes no medium male poor 3 20-30 no no high female poor [[5]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 40-50 no yeslow female good 2 60-70 no yes medium male poor 3 30-40 yes no high female poor [[6]] age married ownhouse income gender class 1 30-40 no no medium female good 2 50-60 yes yes high female good 3 30-40 yes no high female good credit.toy[[5]]$class [1] good poor poor Levels: good poor How can I count there are only one class and differennt class. I need the result something like good class : 1,3,6 poor class : 4 good and poor class : 2,5 Thanks in advance. Sincerely, Muhammad Subianto __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Installing packages into updated R
Michael H. Prager wrote: A minor inconvenience in updating an R installation is remembering which packages were installed previously. Has anyone written a script to inspect a previous installation, then get install the same packages into the new installation? x - installed.packages()[,1] install.packages(x) Uwe Ligges __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Installing packages into updated R
This is one reason we normally recommend that you install into a separate library. Then update.packages(checkBuilt = TRUE) is all that is needed. However, foo - installed.packages() as.vector(foo[is.na(foo[, Priority]), 1]) will give you a character vector which you can feed to install.packages(), so it's not complex to do manually. On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Michael H. Prager wrote: A minor inconvenience in updating an R installation is remembering which packages were installed previously. Has anyone written a script to inspect a previous installation, then get install the same packages into the new installation? -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Help to find only one class and differennt class
try this:
set.seed(1)
# generate some test data
x.1 - data.frame(seg=sample(1:6,20,T), class=sample(c('good',
'poor'),20,T))
x.1
(x.sp - split(x.1, x.1$seg))
# test each segment for occurance of class.
lapply(x.sp, function(.seg){
if (all(.seg$class == 'good')) return('good')
if (all(.seg$class == 'poor')) return('poor')
return(good poor)
})
On 12/20/05, Muhammad Subianto [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Dear R users,
I have a problem, which I can not find a solution.
Probably someone could help me?
I have a result from my classification, like this
credit.toy
[[1]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 20-30 no nolow male good
2 40-50 no yes medium female good
[[2]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 20-30 yes yes high male poor
2 20-30 no yes high male good
3 20-30 yes nolow female poor
4 60-70 yes yeslow female poor
5 60-70 no yes high male poor
[[3]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 30-40 yes no high male good
2 20-30 no yes medium female good
[[4]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 50-60 yes yeslow female poor
2 40-50 yes no medium male poor
3 20-30 no no high female poor
[[5]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 40-50 no yeslow female good
2 60-70 no yes medium male poor
3 30-40 yes no high female poor
[[6]]
age married ownhouse income gender class
1 30-40 no no medium female good
2 50-60 yes yes high female good
3 30-40 yes no high female good
credit.toy[[5]]$class
[1] good poor poor
Levels: good poor
How can I count there are only one class and differennt class.
I need the result something like
good class : 1,3,6
poor class : 4
good and poor class : 2,5
Thanks in advance.
Sincerely, Muhammad Subianto
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Re: [R] Installing packages into updated R
On Ti, 2005-12-20, 16:11, Michael H. Prager skrev: A minor inconvenience in updating an R installation is remembering which packages were installed previously. Has anyone written a script to inspect a previous installation, then get install the same packages into the new installation? If the previous installation is still alive, fire it up and pS - packageStatus() pkgs - pS$inst$Package[!pS$inst$Priority %in% c(base, recommended)] save(pkgs, file = foo) In the new installation, load(foo) install.packages(pkgs) HTH Henric __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Extracting data from .zip file in WINDOWS version of package
Hello,
I am building a R-package for Genetics analysis. The accepted data is in
pedigree (.ped) file format.
To load the data (say CAMP.ped) from data directory, I have a function
CAMP.R, which does the job.
The package builds successfully in Linux (.tar.gz) and the data loads
successfully by data(CAMP).
However, when I build the package in WINDOWS, the data directory is zipped, and
the command data(CAMP)
gives an error -
Error in readGenes(gfile = CAMP.ped,)
Genotype file CAMP.ped does not exist.
While debugging data(CAMP), I found that only the file CAMP.R is extracted
temporarily, and not the file
CAMP.ped - which causes the error.
Linux version does not face this problem as the data directory is not zipped.
Could you please suggest a way around for this problem?
Thanks.
Best,
Nitin
__
Nitin Jain, PhD
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Non Clinical Statistics
Pfizer, Inc. (Groton, CT)
Bldg: 260, # 1451
Ph: (860) 686-2526 (Office)
Fax: (860) 686-6170
--
LEGAL NOTICE\ Unless expressly stated otherwise, this messag...{{dropped}}
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[R] boot problem
Hello,
This is the code that is giving me problems
library(boot)
data-read.table(test,header=FALSE,sep=\t,row.names=1)
data
V2 V3 V4
A 5 8 9
B 12 54 89
C 65 89 23
D 32 69 44
E 21 84 97
F 33 59 71
G 16 45 93
H2 46 55
I 22 33 88
resample - function(x,index) {
sample(data,replace=TRUE)
}
dist-boot(data,resample,R=1000)
Erreur : nombre d'indices incorrect sur la matrice (french)
Error: number of indices wrong in the matrix (moreless)
Can anybody help???
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[R] help with sapply, plot, lines
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that lines will appear on
the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
==
Please access the attached hyperlink for an important electronic communications
disclaimer:
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__
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[R] panel function
R v. 2.2.0 on Mac OS 10.4.3
lattice v. 0.12-11
I am trying to add a horizontal panel mean line to a series of panels
in a trellis plot (i.e. a horizontal line at the mean of y for each
individual panel). I have tried innumerable ways to do this,
including the code below, but if it works at all, it merely puts a
horizontal line in the last panel.
xyplot(diss ~ Nut-7|Size, data=dathdiss, pch=1, jitter.data=TRUE,
panel=function(x,y,...){
panel.xyplot(x,y)
panel.abline(a=mean(y),b=0) #This results in the correct line in the
last panel, but no other lines at all.
})
Any and all thoughts are appreciated.
Thank you kindly,
Hank
Dr. Martin Henry H. Stevens, Assistant Professor
338 Pearson Hall
Botany Department
Miami University
Oxford, OH 45056
Office: (513) 529-4206
Lab: (513) 529-4262
FAX: (513) 529-4243
http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~stevenmh/
http://www.muohio.edu/ecology/
http://www.muohio.edu/botany/
E Pluribus Unum
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Problems installing R 2.1.1. from rpm
The rpm for R installed fine on my version of SuSE 10. This is probably overkill but from the 'selections' page in yast I enabled the c/c++ compiler and tools then I individually enabled blas and a couple of other things... I don't remember. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Extracting data from .zip file in WINDOWS version of pack age
I guess one possible work-around is to put the .ped file under inst/data/ in
the source. At installation, the file will be put into data/. Untested,
though.
Andy
From: Jain, Nitin
Hello,
I am building a R-package for Genetics analysis. The accepted
data is in pedigree (.ped) file format.
To load the data (say CAMP.ped) from data directory, I have
a function CAMP.R, which does the job.
The package builds successfully in Linux (.tar.gz) and the
data loads successfully by data(CAMP).
However, when I build the package in WINDOWS, the data
directory is zipped, and the command data(CAMP)
gives an error -
Error in readGenes(gfile = CAMP.ped,)
Genotype file CAMP.ped does not exist.
While debugging data(CAMP), I found that only the file
CAMP.R is extracted temporarily, and not the file
CAMP.ped - which causes the error.
Linux version does not face this problem as the data
directory is not zipped.
Could you please suggest a way around for this problem?
Thanks.
Best,
Nitin
__
Nitin Jain, PhD
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Non Clinical Statistics
Pfizer, Inc. (Groton, CT)
Bldg: 260, # 1451
Ph: (860) 686-2526 (Office)
Fax: (860) 686-6170
--
LEGAL NOTICE\ Unless expressly stated otherwise, this
messag...{{dropped}}
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Install Rmpi on Fedora with mpich2 installed.
Hi, everyone, I want to install Rmpi on a cluster with Fedora linux. It already installed mpich2, but not lam-mpi. I installed R-2.2.0 on it already. And I got error as below: * Installing *source* package 'Rmpi' ... Try to find mpi.h ... checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for egrep... grep -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking mpi.h usability... no checking mpi.h presence... no checking for mpi.h... no Try to find mpi.h ... Cannot find mpi head file Please check if --with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2/bin/ is right ERROR: configuration failed for package 'Rmpi' ** Removing '/usr/local/R-2.2.0/library/Rmpi' Somehow it can not find the mpi.h which is in usr/local/mpich2. Can anyone kindly give me some hint on what should be done? Will installing lam-mpi solve the problem? If so, should mpich2 be uninstalled first? Or just modify the path will do? Thanks a lot! Bin __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] panel function
You probably have missing values in your y data. Try:
...
panel.abline(h=mean(y,na.rm=TRUE))
...
-- Bert Gunter
Genentech Non-Clinical Statistics
South San Francisco, CA
The business of the statistician is to catalyze the scientific learning
process. - George E. P. Box
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Martin
Henry H. Stevens
Sent: Tuesday, December 20, 2005 10:30 AM
To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: [R] panel function
R v. 2.2.0 on Mac OS 10.4.3
lattice v. 0.12-11
I am trying to add a horizontal panel mean line to a series
of panels
in a trellis plot (i.e. a horizontal line at the mean of y for each
individual panel). I have tried innumerable ways to do this,
including the code below, but if it works at all, it merely puts a
horizontal line in the last panel.
xyplot(diss ~ Nut-7|Size, data=dathdiss, pch=1, jitter.data=TRUE,
panel=function(x,y,...){
panel.xyplot(x,y)
panel.abline(a=mean(y),b=0) #This results in the
correct line in the
last panel, but no other lines at all.
})
Any and all thoughts are appreciated.
Thank you kindly,
Hank
Dr. Martin Henry H. Stevens, Assistant Professor
338 Pearson Hall
Botany Department
Miami University
Oxford, OH 45056
Office: (513) 529-4206
Lab: (513) 529-4262
FAX: (513) 529-4243
http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~stevenmh/
http://www.muohio.edu/ecology/
http://www.muohio.edu/botany/
E Pluribus Unum
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide!
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Extracting data from .zip file in WINDOWS version of package
On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Jain, Nitin wrote: I am building a R-package for Genetics analysis. The accepted data is in pedigree (.ped) file format. To load the data (say CAMP.ped) from data directory, I have a function CAMP.R, which does the job. The package builds successfully in Linux (.tar.gz) and the data loads successfully by data(CAMP). However, when I build the package in WINDOWS, the data directory is zipped, and the command data(CAMP) gives an error - Error in readGenes(gfile = CAMP.ped,) Genotype file CAMP.ped does not exist. While debugging data(CAMP), I found that only the file CAMP.R is extracted temporarily, and not the file CAMP.ped - which causes the error. Linux version does not face this problem as the data directory is not zipped. Well, not zipped by default: it can be zipped. Could you please suggest a way around for this problem? You need to read the `Writing R Extensions' manual and set the appropriate option in the DESCRIPTION file. Search for 'ZipData' -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
Ah OK. That is probably it, though I can't see why.
In function sigma, I use a variable falled str, which would be bound in the
environment to some value.
Then, in the sapply statment, I was hoping that by setting str to the values in
the vector that is the first argument to sapply, I would get different plots
each time I called lines afterwards with sigma. Do you see what I mean ?
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
-Original Message-
From: jim holtman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: 20 December 2005 19:20
To: Uzuner, Tolga
Subject: Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
you are plotting the same line as originally over and over again. what do you
want to do with the parameters that you are passing in. There is no call to
sigma in the sapply. How do you want to vary the parameters in the plot?
On 12/20/05, Uzuner, Tolga [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s; lines(seq(
0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that lines will appear on
the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0, 0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
==
Please access the attached hyperlink for an important electronic communications
disclaimer:
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_external_email.shtml
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
--
Jim Holtman
Cincinnati, OH
+1 513 247 0281
What the problem you are trying to solve?
==
Please access the attached hyperlink for an important electronic communications
disclaimer:
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Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
The following is as in your post but cleaned up slightly.
Note in particular that str is an R function and although its not
wrong to also use it as a variable we use Str below to make it
clearer: Also we define a variable xx as shown.
atm - 0.4
rr - 0.2
Str - 0.1
sigma - function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
xx - seq(0, 0.3, 0.05)
plot(xx, sigma(xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str) lines(xx, sigma(xx))) # wrong!
Note that sigma is defined in the global environment so lexical
scope implies that that is where sigma will look for Str -- not
within the function defined in the sapply statement.
To correct this we could do one of the following:
1. pass Str explicitly:
sigma2 - function(Str, lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
plot(xx, sigma2(Str, xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) lines(xx, sigma2(Str, xx)), lambda = xx)
2. (a) define sigma within the sapply so its lexical scope is as
desired rather than the global environment:
plot(xx, sigma(xx)) # same sigma as defined at the top
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) {
sigma - function(lambda) # new local sigma
atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
lines(xx, sigma(xx))
})
(b) rather than write sigma out again we could make a copy of the
original one and reset its environment:
plot(xx, sigma(xx)) # same sigma as defined at the top
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) {
environment(sigma) - environment()
lines(xx, sigma(xx))
})
(c) instead of using environment we could express it slightly more
compactly using the proto package. A proto object is an environment
but any function component of a proto object defined in a proto
statement has its environment reset to that object:
library(proto)
plot(xx, sigma(xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str) lines(xx, with(proto(sigma = sigma), sigma(xx
On 12/20/05, Uzuner, Tolga [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that lines will appear on
the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
==
Please access the attached hyperlink for an important electronic
communications disclaimer:
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_external_email.shtml
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
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PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] panel function SOLVED
Hi Bernard,
Your solution was exactly right. I could have sworn I tried also
panel.abline(a=mean(y,na.rm=TRUE), b=0) and, although it works now, I
must have done something wrong such that it did not work.
THANK YOU
On Dec 20, 2005, at 2:18 PM, Berton Gunter wrote:
You probably have missing values in your y data. Try:
...
panel.abline(h=mean(y,na.rm=TRUE))
...
-- Bert Gunter
Genentech Non-Clinical Statistics
South San Francisco, CA
The business of the statistician is to catalyze the scientific
learning
process. - George E. P. Box
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Martin
Henry H. Stevens
Sent: Tuesday, December 20, 2005 10:30 AM
To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: [R] panel function
R v. 2.2.0 on Mac OS 10.4.3
lattice v. 0.12-11
I am trying to add a horizontal panel mean line to a series
of panels
in a trellis plot (i.e. a horizontal line at the mean of y for each
individual panel). I have tried innumerable ways to do this,
including the code below, but if it works at all, it merely puts a
horizontal line in the last panel.
xyplot(diss ~ Nut-7|Size, data=dathdiss, pch=1, jitter.data=TRUE,
panel=function(x,y,...){
panel.xyplot(x,y)
panel.abline(a=mean(y),b=0) #This results in the
correct line in the
last panel, but no other lines at all.
})
Any and all thoughts are appreciated.
Thank you kindly,
Hank
Dr. Martin Henry H. Stevens, Assistant Professor
338 Pearson Hall
Botany Department
Miami University
Oxford, OH 45056
Office: (513) 529-4206
Lab: (513) 529-4262
FAX: (513) 529-4243
http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~stevenmh/
http://www.muohio.edu/ecology/
http://www.muohio.edu/botany/
E Pluribus Unum
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide!
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Dr. Martin Henry H. Stevens, Assistant Professor
338 Pearson Hall
Botany Department
Miami University
Oxford, OH 45056
Office: (513) 529-4206
Lab: (513) 529-4262
FAX: (513) 529-4243
http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~stevenmh/
http://www.muohio.edu/ecology/
http://www.muohio.edu/botany/
E Pluribus Unum
__
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Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
Fantastic. Many thanks, this is great. All understood. I will go with the first
recommendation (pass it in explicitly).
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
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-Original Message-
From: Gabor Grothendieck [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: 20 December 2005 19:30
To: Uzuner, Tolga
Cc: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
The following is as in your post but cleaned up slightly.
Note in particular that str is an R function and although its not
wrong to also use it as a variable we use Str below to make it
clearer: Also we define a variable xx as shown.
atm - 0.4
rr - 0.2
Str - 0.1
sigma - function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
xx - seq(0, 0.3, 0.05)
plot(xx, sigma(xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str) lines(xx, sigma(xx))) # wrong!
Note that sigma is defined in the global environment so lexical
scope implies that that is where sigma will look for Str -- not
within the function defined in the sapply statement.
To correct this we could do one of the following:
1. pass Str explicitly:
sigma2 - function(Str, lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
plot(xx, sigma2(Str, xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) lines(xx, sigma2(Str, xx)), lambda = xx)
2. (a) define sigma within the sapply so its lexical scope is as
desired rather than the global environment:
plot(xx, sigma(xx)) # same sigma as defined at the top
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) {
sigma - function(lambda) # new local sigma
atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*Str*(lambda-0.5)^2
lines(xx, sigma(xx))
})
(b) rather than write sigma out again we could make a copy of the
original one and reset its environment:
plot(xx, sigma(xx)) # same sigma as defined at the top
sapply(xx, function(Str, lambda) {
environment(sigma) - environment()
lines(xx, sigma(xx))
})
(c) instead of using environment we could express it slightly more
compactly using the proto package. A proto object is an environment
but any function component of a proto object defined in a proto
statement has its environment reset to that object:
library(proto)
plot(xx, sigma(xx))
sapply(xx, function(Str) lines(xx, with(proto(sigma = sigma), sigma(xx
On 12/20/05, Uzuner, Tolga [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that lines will appear on
the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
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Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of
str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that
lines will appear on the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Lexical scoping means that the free variable str in sigma is looked for in
the enclosing environment, not the parent environment. This is the
environment in which sigma was defined, not called. Hence str is constant in
your calls and you get identical results at each call. See the section 3.3.1
of the R FAQ. In your example, the straightforward solution is to pass str
as an argument of sigma.
-- Bert Gunter
Genentech Non-Clinical Statistics
South San Francisco, CA
The business of the statistician is to catalyze the scientific learning
process. - George E. P. Box
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Uzuner, Tolga
Sent: Tuesday, December 20, 2005 10:18 AM
To: 'r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch'
Subject: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of
str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that
lines will appear on the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not
constitute investment research. Please follow the attached
hyperlink to an important disclaimer
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
==
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Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
On 12/20/05, Uzuner, Tolga [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Ah OK. That is probably it, though I can't see why.
In function sigma, I use a variable falled str, which would be bound in the
environment to some value.
The environment into which sigma looks for str is the environment
where sigma was defined, i.e. the global environment, not the environment
where sigma was called from. That's what lexical scoping means.
The alternative, in which sigma would look into the environment from
which it is called would be dynamic scoping but that's not the way
R works.
Then, in the sapply statment, I was hoping that by setting str to the values
in the vector that is the first argument to sapply, I would get different
plots each time I called lines afterwards with sigma. Do you see what I mean ?
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
-Original Message-
From: jim holtman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: 20 December 2005 19:20
To: Uzuner, Tolga
Subject: Re: [R] help with sapply, plot, lines
you are plotting the same line as originally over and over again. what do
you want to do with the parameters that you are passing in. There is no call
to sigma in the sapply. How do you want to vary the parameters in the plot?
On 12/20/05, Uzuner, Tolga [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to plot multiple lines on a graph.
The function is particularly simple:
sigma-function(lambda) atm-2*rr*(lambda-0.5)+16*str*(lambda-0.5)^2
which uses the variables atm, rr and str...
I define these as such:
atm-0.4
rr-0.2
str-0.1
and this plots fine:
plot(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)),ylim=c(0,1))
Now, I want to plot the same function for different values of str, as follows:
sapply(seq(0,0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s; lines(seq(
0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
Hoping that sigma will lexically scope into str and that lines will appear on
the same plot as the one I first drew above.
Instead, I just get this:
sapply(seq(0, 0.3,0.05),function(s) {str-s;
lines(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01),sigma(seq(0.01,0.99,0.01)))})
[[1]]
NULL
[[2]]
NULL
[[3]]
NULL
[[4]]
NULL
[[5]]
NULL
[[6]]
NULL
[[7]]
NULL
and the plot does not change.
Any assistance appreciated.
Regards,
Tolga
This material is sales and trading commentary and does not constitute
investment research. Please follow the attached hyperlink to an important
disclaimer http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
http://www.csfb.com/legal_terms/disclaimer_europe.shtml
==
Please access the attached hyperlink for an important electronic
communications disclaimer:
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--
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Cincinnati, OH
+1 513 247 0281
What the problem you are trying to solve?
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Re: [R] Install Rmpi on Fedora with mpich2 installed.
No direct experience with mpich2 on Fedora, but I think you can use ./configure --with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2 from within the unpacked Rmpi tarball, or R CMD INSTALL Rmpi_... --configure-args=--with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2 from the command line. ... is the tab-completion to the tarball, and /usr/local/mpich2 should be a path such that mpi.h is in /usr/local/mpichs/include/mpi.h. Some insight is in the configure.in file of Rmpi. Hope that helps! Sorry for the repost, Bin, meant this originally to reply to the newsgroup. Martin Ye, Bin [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi, everyone, I want to install Rmpi on a cluster with Fedora linux. It already installed mpich2, but not lam-mpi. I installed R-2.2.0 on it already. And I got error as below: * Installing *source* package 'Rmpi' ... Try to find mpi.h ... checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for egrep... grep -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking mpi.h usability... no checking mpi.h presence... no checking for mpi.h... no Try to find mpi.h ... Cannot find mpi head file Please check if --with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2/bin/ is right ERROR: configuration failed for package 'Rmpi' ** Removing '/usr/local/R-2.2.0/library/Rmpi' Somehow it can not find the mpi.h which is in usr/local/mpich2. Can anyone kindly give me some hint on what should be done? Will installing lam-mpi solve the problem? If so, should mpich2 be uninstalled first? Or just modify the path will do? Thanks a lot! Bin __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test in R
An earlier post had posed the question: Does anybody know what is relation between 'T' value calculated by 'wilcox_test' function (coin package) and more common 'W' value? I found the question interesting and ran the commands in R and SPSS. The W reported by R did not seem to correspond to either Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon W or the Z which I have more commonly used. Correction for ties may have affected my results. Can anyone else explain what the reported W is and the relation to the reported T? regards bob __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Extracting data from .zip file in WINDOWS version of package
Dear Andy and Prof. Ripley,
Thank you very much for the suggestions. Tried the ZipData option, and it
solved my problem.
I think Andy's suggestion should also work, but haven't tried it yet.
I appreciate such a speedy response.
Best regards,
Nitin
__
Nitin Jain, PhD
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Non Clinical Statistics
Pfizer, Inc. (Groton, CT)
Bldg: 260, # 1451
Ph: (860) 686-2526 (Office)
Fax: (860) 686-6170
-Original Message-
From: Prof Brian Ripley [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, December 20, 2005 2:15 PM
To: Jain, Nitin
Cc: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: [R] Extracting data from .zip file in WINDOWS version of
package
On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Jain, Nitin wrote:
I am building a R-package for Genetics analysis. The accepted data is in
pedigree (.ped) file format.
To load the data (say CAMP.ped) from data directory, I have a function
CAMP.R, which does the job.
The package builds successfully in Linux (.tar.gz) and the data loads
successfully by data(CAMP).
However, when I build the package in WINDOWS, the data directory is zipped,
and the command data(CAMP)
gives an error -
Error in readGenes(gfile = CAMP.ped,)
Genotype file CAMP.ped does not exist.
While debugging data(CAMP), I found that only the file CAMP.R is
extracted temporarily, and not the file
CAMP.ped - which causes the error.
Linux version does not face this problem as the data directory is not zipped.
Well, not zipped by default: it can be zipped.
Could you please suggest a way around for this problem?
You need to read the `Writing R Extensions' manual and set the appropriate
option in the DESCRIPTION file. Search for 'ZipData'
--
Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595
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Re: [R] Install Rmpi on Fedora with mpich2 installed.
Thank you very much, Martin! I've tried that already, but it still can't find the mpi.h file. Any other suggestions? Bin -Original Message- From: Martin Morgan [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tue 12/20/2005 2:58 PM To: Ye, Bin Subject: Re: [R] Install Rmpi on Fedora with mpich2 installed. Hi Bin, I don't have direct experience installing Rmpi on mpich2, but you can specify the location of the mpi.h files with commands like ./configure --with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2 when in the unpacked Rmpi packate, or R CMD INSTALL Rmpi_... --configure-args=--with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2 when installing the package from the command line. The ... are the results of tab completion to the Rmpi tarball, and the path /usr/local/mpich2 should lead to a direcotry hierarchy such that mpi.h will be found in something like /usr/local/mpich2/include/mpi.h (some insight into what is going on is in the configure.in file). Hope that helps! Martin Ye, Bin [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi, everyone, I want to install Rmpi on a cluster with Fedora linux. It already installed mpich2, but not lam-mpi. I installed R-2.2.0 on it already. And I got error as below: * Installing *source* package 'Rmpi' ... Try to find mpi.h ... checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C... none needed checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for egrep... grep -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking mpi.h usability... no checking mpi.h presence... no checking for mpi.h... no Try to find mpi.h ... Cannot find mpi head file Please check if --with-mpi=/usr/local/mpich2/bin/ is right ERROR: configuration failed for package 'Rmpi' ** Removing '/usr/local/R-2.2.0/library/Rmpi' Somehow it can not find the mpi.h which is in usr/local/mpich2. Can anyone kindly give me some hint on what should be done? Will installing lam-mpi solve the problem? If so, should mpich2 be uninstalled first? Or just modify the path will do? Thanks a lot! Bin __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] need 95% confidence interval bands on cubic extrapolation
Dear R experts: I need to get this plot, but also with 95% confidence interval bands: hour - c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) millivolts - c(3.5, 5, 7.5, 13, 40, 58) plot(hour, millivolts, xlim=c(1,10), ylim=c(0,1000)) pm - lm(millivolts ~ poly(hour, 3)) curve(predict(pm, data.frame(hour=x)), add=TRUE) How can the 95% confidence interval band curves be plotted too? Sincerely, James Salsman P.S. I know I should be using data frames instead of parallel lists. This is just a simple example. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Two problems compiling my shared library...
Since requests keep trickling in, I have finally gotten around to
polishing my rtiff package for R. This package will read TIFF images
into a pixmap for subsequent processing.
However, I am encountering a couple problems with compiling the shared
library.
1. On windows (R 2.2.0): R CMD INSTALL successfully compiles a dll, but
the dll has no entry points (as revealed by nm rtiff.dll), leading to C
entry point ... not in load table errors when I try to use the library.
Here is how R CMD INSTALL built the dll:
---8--
MkRules:143: warning: ignoring old commands for target `.c.o'
making rtiff.d from rtiff.c
g++ -Ic:/usr/include -Wall -O2 -c rtiff.c -o rtiff.o
rtiff.c: In function `void reduce(int*, int*, int*, int*, double*)':
rtiff.c:138: warning: converting to `int' from `double'
rtiff.c:139: warning: converting to `int' from `double'
ar cr rtiff.a rtiff.o
ranlib rtiff.a
windres --include-dir c:/usr/include -i rtiff_res.rc -o rtiff_res.o
gcc --shared -s -o rtiff.dll rtiff.def rtiff.a rtiff_res.o
-Lc:/usr/src/gnuwin32 -ltiff -lg2c -lR
... DLL made
---8--
However, if I simply do the following:
gcc -shared -o rtiff.dll rtiff.c -ltiff
I get a functional shared library.
Any clues as to why R CMD INSTALL is resulting in an entry-pointless
dll? (And couldn't the shared library compilation be greatly simplified
as I have demonstrated above?)
2. On (ubuntu) Linux (R 2.1.0): R CMD INSTALL results in an rtiff.so
that crashes with a segmentation fault. Again, gcc -shared -o rtiff.so
rtiff.c -ltiff results in a function shared library.
Here, I have traced the problem to the -O2 flag with which R was
compiled. If I hand compile with the -O2 flag, I get the segmentation
fault back. A search of the internet suggests this is likely a GCC bug,
which perhaps I could patch, but I don't want to expect potential users
of my library to have to patch their GCC.
So...can I eliminate the -O2 option via Makevars somehow, or do I need
my own custom Makefile to get around this?
Thank you,
Eric
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Re: [R] partially linear models
From: Peter Dalgaard Liaw, Andy [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: This doesn't look like an R question, as I know of no pre-packaged functionality publicly available that can fit the model that Elizabeth described, and it doesn't seem like she's particularly interested in an R-based answer, either. My gut feeling is that if there is a test of significance for beta in such a model, it probably shouldn't depend upon how f() is fitted, wavelets or otherwise. I.e., any test for the linear component in a partially linear model ought to do just fine. The main difference here, from a fully linear model, is that one no longer can estimate E(y) without bias, even with the assumption that the model is correct. What gets messier still is if data-dependent smoothing/de-noising is done in estimating f(), as that opens up a whole bucket of nasty creatures. I could be off, though, so take this with a truck-load of NaCl... Isn't it just a gam() model (package mgcv), if you replace the wavelets with splines? I believe so. I haven't messed with this for a decade, but I seem to recall that there's a result to the effect that you need to undersmooth f slightly to get optimal inference for the beta. Perhaps look in Green Silverman for the reference. A quote I heard from Prof. David Ruppert: There are lies, damned lies, and then big O notations. I presume the need to undersmooth is to reduce the bias of the `smooth'. The problem is, by how much should one undersmooth, so the bias would go from O(k*n^-4) to O(k*n^-5) (I'm just making this up, but you get the idea)? Cheers, Andy Andy From: Spencer Graves I have seen no replies to this post, and I don't know that I can help, either. However, I wonder if you tried RSiteSearch with your favorite key words and phrases? For example, I just got 107 hits for 'RSiteSearch(wavelets)'. I wonder if any of them might help you. If you'd like further help from this list, please submit another post. However, before you do, I suggest you read the posting guide! www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html. Anecdotal evidence suggests that posts more consistent with the guide tend to receive quicker, more useful replies. Best Wishes, spencer graves Elizabeth Lawson wrote: Hey, I am estiamting a partially linear model y=X\beta+f(\theta) where the f(\theta) is estiamted using wavelets. Has anyone heard of methods to test if the betas are significant or to address model fit? Thanks for any thoughts or comments. Elizabeth Lawson __ [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- Spencer Graves, PhD Senior Development Engineer PDF Solutions, Inc. 333 West San Carlos Street Suite 700 San Jose, CA 95110, USA [EMAIL PROTECTED] www.pdf.com http://www.pdf.com Tel: 408-938-4420 Fax: 408-280-7915 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] need 95% confidence interval bands on cubic extrapolation
Look at the interval option in ?predict.lm. Andy From: James Salsman Dear R experts: I need to get this plot, but also with 95% confidence interval bands: hour - c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) millivolts - c(3.5, 5, 7.5, 13, 40, 58) plot(hour, millivolts, xlim=c(1,10), ylim=c(0,1000)) pm - lm(millivolts ~ poly(hour, 3)) curve(predict(pm, data.frame(hour=x)), add=TRUE) How can the 95% confidence interval band curves be plotted too? Sincerely, James Salsman P.S. I know I should be using data frames instead of parallel lists. This is just a simple example. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] nls problem
Hi list, I tried to use nls to do some nonlinear least square fitting on my data with 340 observations and 10 variables, but as I called nls() function, I got this error message: Error in qr.qty(QR, resid) : 'qr' and 'y' must have the same number of rows Then I traced back a little bit into nls() function, the error seemed to happen when calling nlsiter() internal function, but I did not find any clue calling qr.qty() function in nls.c. I searched around mailing list, there were some posts about this message but none of them were clearly solved. I wonder if anybody solved this problem? (Bate's example worked, though) Thanks _ On the road to retirement? Check out MSN Life Events for advice on how to __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test in R
Bob Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: An earlier post had posed the question: Does anybody know what is relation between 'T' value calculated by 'wilcox_test' function (coin package) and more common 'W' value? I found the question interesting and ran the commands in R and SPSS. The W reported by R did not seem to correspond to either Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon W or the Z which I have more commonly used. Correction for ties may have affected my results. Can anyone else explain what the reported W is and the relation to the reported T? Well, it's open source... You could just go check. W is the sum of the ranks in the first group, minus the minimum value it can attain, namely sum(1:n1) == n1*(n1+1)/2. In the tied cases, the actual minimum could be larger. The T would seem to be asymptotically normal wilcox_test(pd ~ age, data = water_transfer,distribution=asymp) Asymptotic Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test data: pd by groups 12-26 Weeks, At term T = -1.2247, p-value = 0.2207 alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to 0 pnorm(-1.2247)*2 [1] 0.2206883 so a good guess at its definition is that it is obtained from W or one of the others by subtracting the mean and dividing with the SD. -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] need 95% confidence interval bands on cubic extrapolation
On Tue, 2005-12-20 at 13:04 -0800, James Salsman wrote: Dear R experts: I need to get this plot, but also with 95% confidence interval bands: hour - c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) millivolts - c(3.5, 5, 7.5, 13, 40, 58) plot(hour, millivolts, xlim=c(1,10), ylim=c(0,1000)) pm - lm(millivolts ~ poly(hour, 3)) curve(predict(pm, data.frame(hour=x)), add=TRUE) How can the 95% confidence interval band curves be plotted too? Sincerely, James Salsman P.S. I know I should be using data frames instead of parallel lists. This is just a simple example. There is an example in ?predict.lm. Given your data, something like the following will work: hour - c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) millivolts - c(3.5, 5, 7.5, 13, 40, 58) pm - lm(millivolts ~ poly(hour, 3)) # Now create a new dataset with an interval # of hours that fits your data above # This is then used in predict.lm() below # Smaller increments will create smoother lines in the plot new - data.frame(hour = seq(1, 6, 0.5)) # Use the new data and generate confidence intervals # based upon the model clim - predict(pm, new, interval = confidence) clim fitlwr upr 1 4.400794 -17.659582 26.46117 2 2.879712 -12.954245 18.71367 3 2.817460 -14.317443 19.95236 4 4.252232 -12.822969 21.32743 5 7.22 -8.051125 22.49557 6 11.765625 -2.374270 25.90552 7 17.920635 2.647288 33.19398 8 25.725446 8.650246 42.80065 9 35.218254 18.083351 52.35316 10 46.437252 30.603295 62.27121 11 59.420635 37.360259 81.48101 # Now use matplot to draw the fitted line (black) # and the CI's (red) matplot(new$hour, clim, lty = c(1, 2, 2), col = c(black, red, red), type = l, ylab = predicted y) See ?predict.lm and ?matplot for more information. HTH, Marc Schwartz __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] partially linear models
Liaw, Andy [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
From: Peter Dalgaard
Liaw, Andy [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
This doesn't look like an R question, as I know of no pre-packaged
functionality publicly available that can fit the model
that Elizabeth
described, and it doesn't seem like she's particularly
interested in an
R-based answer, either.
My gut feeling is that if there is a test of significance
for beta in such a
model, it probably shouldn't depend upon how f() is fitted,
wavelets or
otherwise. I.e., any test for the linear component in a
partially linear
model ought to do just fine. The main difference here,
from a fully linear
model, is that one no longer can estimate E(y) without
bias, even with the
assumption that the model is correct. What gets messier still is if
data-dependent smoothing/de-noising is done in estimating
f(), as that opens
up a whole bucket of nasty creatures.
I could be off, though, so take this with a truck-load of NaCl...
Isn't it just a gam() model (package mgcv), if you replace the
wavelets with splines?
I believe so.
I haven't messed with this for a decade, but I seem to recall that
there's a result to the effect that you need to undersmooth f slightly
to get optimal inference for the beta. Perhaps look in Green
Silverman for the reference.
A quote I heard from Prof. David Ruppert: There are lies, damned lies, and
then big O notations.
I presume the need to undersmooth is to reduce the bias of the `smooth'.
The problem is, by how much should one undersmooth, so the bias would go
from O(k*n^-4) to O(k*n^-5) (I'm just making this up, but you get the idea)?
Cheers,
Andy
More like sacrificing the optimal O(n^-(2/5)) (?) convergence on the
smooth part so that the bias is reduced below O(n^-(1/2)) at the
expense of a bigger variance term in the MSE. The whole thing is
controlled by having the bandwidth of the smoother shrink as O(n^-q)
where q is, er, something...
And of course the big lie is that there are some unknown multipliers
that depend on the f that you are trying to estimate.
Andy
From: Spencer Graves
I have seen no replies to this post, and I don't know
that I can
help, either. However, I wonder if you tried
RSiteSearch with your
favorite key words and phrases? For example, I just got
107 hits for
'RSiteSearch(wavelets)'. I wonder if any of them might
help you.
If you'd like further help from this list, please
submit another
post. However, before you do, I suggest you read the
posting guide!
www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html. Anecdotal
evidence suggests
that posts more consistent with the guide tend to receive
quicker, more
useful replies.
Best Wishes,
spencer graves
Elizabeth Lawson wrote:
Hey,
I am estiamting a partially linear model
y=X\beta+f(\theta) where the f(\theta) is estiamted using
wavelets.
Has anyone heard of methods to test if the betas are
significant or to address model fit?
Thanks for any thoughts or comments.
Elizabeth Lawson
__
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--
Spencer
Graves, PhD
Senior Development Engineer
PDF Solutions, Inc.
333 West San Carlos Street Suite 700
San Jose, CA 95110, USA
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
www.pdf.com http://www.pdf.com
Tel: 408-938-4420
Fax: 408-280-7915
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--
O__
Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B
c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K
(*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph:
(+45) 35327918
~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX:
(+45) 35327907
--
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[R] Help with ca.jo and cajools (Johansen's Cointegration)
I am trying to run a conintegration analysis. I am a former user of S-Plus and understand the output of the coint and VECM output, but I am having trouble understanding the equivalent output in R. Here is what I ran coint=ca.jo(data,constant=T,K=2,spec=longrun) summary(coint) The first portion of the output that I did not understand [,1] [,2] [,3] y11.00 1.00 1.00 y2 -1.114734 -2.461872 -2.216456 constant 1.364641 7.473149 7.331977 From this i think that y1 - 1.143*y2 + 1.36 ~ I(0) What i don't understand is where columns [,2] and [,3] come into play. Now i run the following: cajools(coint) Call: lm(formula = [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~ [EMAIL PROTECTED] + [EMAIL PROTECTED] - 1) Coefficients: [,1] [,2] [EMAIL PROTECTED] 0.028114 0.065968 [EMAIL PROTECTED] 0.371630 0.183797 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -0.011724 -0.002647 [EMAIL PROTECTED] 0.012282 0.001827 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -0.012430 0.001482 My understanding is that the specification of the VECM was as follows (with K=2): deltay1 = c1 + a1*(y1_t-1-b2*y2_t-1)+ phi11*lag(deltay1_t-1) + phi12*deltay2_t-1+e1 deltay2 = c2 + a2*(y1_t-1-b2*y2_t-1)+ phi21*lag(deltay1_t-1) + phi22*deltay2_t-1+e2 My guess is that Z11 and Z12 correspond to the above phis. That c1 and c1 correspond to ZK. That b2 is -1.11 from the step before? The rest, ZKy1 and ZKy2 I can't place. Please help, Alex __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Using MAANOVA functions
Dear R-users: I am using the package MAANOVA to analyze microarray data and have encountered problems when trying to plot data. I have tried emailing a MAANOVA discussion group, as well as the author of the package, and have not yet received a response so I am hoping that someone on this listserv can be of assistance. There are several functions in MAANOVA (riplot, resiplot) which call the plot function. For some unknown reason, when I use these functions, it appears that xlim has not been specified and I get an error (see below). However, when reading the code for each function, a command for how to calculate xlim has been specified but for some reason it does not get done. Does anyone have experience using MAANOVA commands and is willing to help? Here is an example of the error I get. It is identical also for the resiplot command: riplot(spore) Error in plot.window(xlim, ylim, log, asp, ...) : need finite 'xlim' values Many thanks, Heather -- __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test in R
Peter Dalgaard wrote: Bob Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: An earlier post had posed the question: Does anybody know what is relation between 'T' value calculated by 'wilcox_test' function (coin package) and more common 'W' value? I found the question interesting and ran the commands in R and SPSS. The W reported by R did not seem to correspond to either Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon W or the Z which I have more commonly used. Correction for ties may have affected my results. Can anyone else explain what the reported W is and the relation to the reported T? Well, it's open source... You could just go check. W is the sum of the ranks in the first group, minus the minimum value it can attain, namely sum(1:n1) == n1*(n1+1)/2. In the tied cases, the actual minimum could be larger. The T would seem to be asymptotically normal wilcox_test(pd ~ age, data = water_transfer,distribution=asymp) Asymptotic Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test data: pd by groups 12-26 Weeks, At term T = -1.2247, p-value = 0.2207 alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to 0 pnorm(-1.2247)*2 [1] 0.2206883 so a good guess at its definition is that it is obtained from W or one of the others by subtracting the mean and dividing with the SD. With the SD adjusted for ties, of course. (See, e.g., Conover's book.) Peter Ehlers University of Calgary __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Linux command
In LINUX and other unixes you can also put your R commands in a so-called here file, which resides within the script file that calls R; so you don't need two separate files. Taking Marc Schwartz' example, you could have make the following script file (call it say tsst): #!/bin/sh R --slave --vanilla # Example from ?lm ctl - c(4.17,5.58,5.18,6.11,4.50,4.61,5.17,4.53,5.33,5.14) trt - c(4.81,4.17,4.41,3.59,5.87,3.83,6.03,4.89,4.32,4.69) group - gl(2,10,20, labels=c(Ctl,Trt)) weight - c(ctl, trt) anova(lm.D9 - lm(weight ~ group)) Then do: chmod +x tsst ./tsst The here file is the part between and . Also, arguments to the script are interpretable within the here file. So for example: #!/bin/sh R --slave --vanilla YYY tt - scan($1) print(mean(tt)) YYY would read data from a file given as an argument in calling the script. Cheers, Pierre Marc Schwartz offered the following remark on 12/19/05 14:43... On Tue, 2005-12-20 at 02:14 +0200, Tommi Viitanen wrote: I wonder if it's possible to run R-functions or other commands automatically by some shell-script in Linux shell. I thought that something like $ R mean(c(1,2)) $ R xy.Rdata would work, but I havent found the right way. There is some documentation in 'An Introduction to R', Appendix B Invoking R which is available with the R installation and/or from the main R web site under Documentation. There is also help available via 'man R' from the Linux console. If you are just passing your first line to R, you can do something like this: $ echo mean(c(1,2)) | R --slave --vanilla [1] 1.5 This echos the R command string and pipes it as stdin to R. The additional arguments make the interaction with R more streamlined and are documented in the aforementioned references. You can also pass a text file containing more complex R commands: R --slave --vanilla RCommandFile.txt If I have the following in the file: # Example from ?lm ctl - c(4.17,5.58,5.18,6.11,4.50,4.61,5.17,4.53,5.33,5.14) trt - c(4.81,4.17,4.41,3.59,5.87,3.83,6.03,4.89,4.32,4.69) group - gl(2,10,20, labels=c(Ctl,Trt)) weight - c(ctl, trt) anova(lm.D9 - lm(weight ~ group)) I can then do: $ R --slave --vanilla RCommandFile.txt Analysis of Variance Table Response: weight Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(F) group 1 0.6882 0.6882 1.4191 0.249 Residuals 18 8.7293 0.4850 And you can of course re-direct the output: R --slave --vanilla RCommandFile.txt Outfile.txt HTH, Marc Schwartz __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- - Pierre Kleiber, Ph.D Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fishery BiologistTel: 808 983-5399 / (hm)808 737-7544 NOAA Fisheries Service - Honolulu LaboratoryFax: 808 983-2902 2570 Dole St., Honolulu, HI 96822-2396 - God could have told Moses about galaxies and mitochondria and all. But behold... It was good enough for government work. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Newbie - Summarize function
Dear R Users,
I have searched through the archives but I am still struggling to find a
way to process the below dataset. I have a dataset that has stratum and
plot identifier. Within each plot there is variable (Top) stating the
number of measurments that should be used to to calculate the mean to the
largest top elements within one of the vectors (X). I would like to
process this summary statistic by groups. At this stage I have been trying
to use the summarize function within the Hmisc library but I am getting
the following error Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos) : numeric 'envir'
arg not of length one In addition: Warning message: no finite arguments to
max; returning -Inf.
Any suggetsions on how I can fix this would be greatly appreciated.
Kind regards
Andrew
test - read.table(test.csv, header=TRUE, sep=,)
#function to calculate mean of top elements within a plot
g-function(y) {
+ top_no -max(y$top)
+ weight - with(y,as.numeric(x=x[order(x,decreasing=TRUE)[top_no]]))
+ wtd.mean(y$x,weight)
+ }
g(test)
[1] 172.6667
#call to summarize function - use function g and summarise by stratum plot
test.2 - with(test,summarize(test$x,llist(test$Stratum,test$plot),g))
Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos) : numeric 'envir' arg not of length one
In addition: Warning message:
no finite arguments to max; returning -Inf
traceback()
9: eval(substitute(expr), data, enclos = parent.frame())
8: with.default(y, as.numeric(x = x[order(x, decreasing =
TRUE)[top_no]]))
7: with(y, as.numeric(x = x[order(x, decreasing = TRUE)[top_no]]))
6: FUN(X, ...)
5: summarize(test$x, llist(test$Stratum, test$plot), g)
4: eval(expr, envir, enclos)
3: eval(substitute(expr), data, enclos = parent.frame())
2: with.default(test, summarize(test$x, llist(test$Stratum, test$plot),
g))
1: with(test, summarize(test$x, llist(test$Stratum, test$plot),
g))
The version im running on is
$platform
[1] i386-pc-mingw32
$arch
[1] i386
$os
[1] mingw32
$system
[1] i386, mingw32
$status
[1]
$major
[1] 2
$minor
[1] 2.0
$year
[1] 2005
$month
[1] 10
$day
[1] 06
$svn rev
[1] 35749
$language
[1] R
Stratum plot idtop x
1 1 1 2 12
1 1 2 2 41
1 1 3 2 12
1 1 4 2 43
1 1 5 2 12
1 1 6 2 14
1 1 7 2 43
1 1 8 2 12
1 2 1 4 42
1 2 2 4 12
1 2 3 4 432
1 2 4 4 12
1 2 5 4 12
1 2 6 4 14
1 2 7 4 41
1 2 8 4 1
2 1 1 2 12
2 1 2 2 41
2 1 3 2 12
2 1 4 2 43
2 1 5 2 12
2 1 6 2 14
2 1 7 2 43
2 1 8 2 12
2 2 1 3 42
2 2 2 3 12
2 2 3 3 432
2 2 4 3 12
2 2 5 3 12
2 2 6 3 14
2 2 7 3 41
2 2 8 3 1
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[R] How do I edit the x-axis on a time series plot?
I am merely trying to reproduce Figure 1.2 of Chris Chatfield's 6th edition of his The Analysis of Time Series: An Introduction (page 2). The S-PLUS code is on pages 305-306. I am almost there but I am having a heck of a time trying to modify and change the x-axis per the book. The book shows the x-axis with 10 tick marks, correctly positioned, and labeled Jan 53, ..., Jan 62. I have not provided the data for the sake of brevity although it is readily available at http://www.bath.ac.uk/~mascc/Recife.TS Can anyone help? recife - as.vector(t(recife)) RecfS - ts(recife, start = c(1953,1), frequency = 12) plot(RecfS, ylab = “Temperature (deg C)”, xlab = “Year”, main = “Average air temperature (deg C) at Recife, Brazil, in successive months from 1953 to 1962”, adj = 0.5) Thanks, Philip Turk __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] nnet
Hello Everybody, I would like to know how to interpret the result of nnet function of R. My result looks like this: # weights: 24 initial value 6.533893 iter 10 value 4.616299 iter 20 value 4.616120 iter 30 value 4.616109 iter 30 value 4.616109 final value 4.616109 converged cres true 1 1 10 2 3 Can anyone please help me asap? Thanks and Regards, Madhurima. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test in R
P Ehlers [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: so a good guess at its definition is that it is obtained from W or one of the others by subtracting the mean and dividing with the SD. With the SD adjusted for ties, of course. (See, e.g., Conover's book.) ...which is actually the exact SD, conditional on the set of tied ranks, not just a correction term. See my discussion with Torsten a month or so ago. -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Øster Farimagsgade 5, Entr.B c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics PO Box 2099, 1014 Cph. K (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Using MAANOVA functions
The key word is 'finite'. You have either infinite or missing values on 'xlim' being based to the plotting functions. The message does not say that 'xlim' does not exist, rather than it has incorrect values. On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Heather Maughan wrote: Dear R-users: I am using the package MAANOVA to analyze microarray data and have encountered problems when trying to plot data. I have tried emailing a MAANOVA discussion group, as well as the author of the package, and have not yet received a response so I am hoping that someone on this listserv can be of assistance. There are several functions in MAANOVA (riplot, resiplot) which call the plot function. For some unknown reason, when I use these functions, it appears that xlim has not been specified and I get an error (see below). However, when reading the code for each function, a command for how to calculate xlim has been specified but for some reason it does not get done. Does anyone have experience using MAANOVA commands and is willing to help? Here is an example of the error I get. It is identical also for the resiplot command: riplot(spore) Error in plot.window(xlim, ylim, log, asp, ...) : need finite 'xlim' values Many thanks, Heather -- __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] nls problem
On Tue, 20 Dec 2005, Weijie Cai wrote: Hi list, I tried to use nls to do some nonlinear least square fitting on my data with 340 observations and 10 variables, but as I called nls() function, I got this error message: Error in qr.qty(QR, resid) : 'qr' and 'y' must have the same number of rows Then I traced back a little bit into nls() function, the error seemed to happen when calling nlsiter() internal function, but I did not find any clue calling qr.qty() function in nls.c. I searched around mailing list, there were some posts about this message but none of them were clearly solved. I wonder if anybody solved this problem? (Bate's example worked, though) Please don't quess. qr.qty(QR, resid) appears in nlsModel, and traceback() would tell you where the error can from. If you study the posting guide you should be able to come up with a report we can help you with, e.g. by giving a reproducible example, giving your R version -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
