Re: wondering

[Patrick Refondini]

Have a look at:

http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/resources/tools.html

You might especially like this one :) 
http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/doc/ultradev4-doc/intro.html

I have no advice to give regarding these tools as I am mostly involved with
model layer developpment, not view. Just heard about the above ...

Patrick


Quoting peter bosmans <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:

> Hi,
> 
> I'm pretty new with struts and I've created little tests with jsp-pages
> in the view-module.
> During the older days, i've got (for example) dreamweaver to create
> fancy html-pages on a WYSIWYG way-of-work.
> I was wondering how other struts-people now create there jsp-pages with
> the taglibs of struts, and holding the flexibility of an WYSIWYG editor.
> Can anybody tell me how they work to create there view-pages. (fast and
> fancy)
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> Peter
> 
> 
> -
> To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> 


-- 
Portable: +41 (0)76 446 97 12
Fixe: +41 (0)32 71 007 74
Web:  http://www.extentis.com

-
To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

RE: Repost: Global request parameter filtering

[Patrick Refondini]

Just "a pointer" to the following
>Any pointers?
>How do you filter your sql sensitive characters?
If you use java.sql.PreparedStatement you should not require any manual
characters filtering or escaping.

My two cents, Patrick


Quoting Mike Whittaker <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:

> 
> Okay, no one seems to have any suggestions so having thought about this for
> about a week now here is what I propose to do.
> 
> I'm just trying to implement very simple forms the struts way,
> prepopulation
> & validation are not major concerns at the moment but I'd like to keep the
> option open.
> My main requirement is to retain global filtering of all request
> parameters,
> for instance to keep a database secure by escaping sensitive sql
> characters.
> 
> My other requirement is small url's with tiny parameter names.
> 
> 1/ Use DynaActionForms to define these tiny parameter names.
> 2/ The DynaActionForms will be a DAF subclass, which will implement an
> interface that specifies at least the set & get methods.
> 3/ Either the attributes of this DAF can be altered (eg filtering
> characters) with the aid of BeanUtils or a duplicate can be made to which
> this is done.
> 4/ Objects of type ThisInterface, can then be shipped to the Buisness layer
> struts being transparent.
> 5/ The business layer can utilise a meaningful Constants interface that
> makes the tiny parameter names more meaningful.
> 
> Does this sound okay?
> 
> This was my other post on the same subject that has been lost in the
> postings barrage!
> 
> >Say for instance you want to filter for all the ' " \ characters in
> request
> >parameters
> >either removing them, or escaping them.
> >
> >Either way if you do it before the action form gets them, then on
> >prepopulation of form fields the user will see these alterations (not
> >desirable).
> >If you do it after you decide the form won't be returned then:
> >
> >a) It becomes difficult because you have just form bean method calls to
> get
> >the parameters something like filter(getMyString()) becomes a pain and
> open
> >to missing out the filtering with potentially disastorous consequences!
> >
> >b) If you decided to somehow globally alter a session scoped form
> >then again
> >you have prepopulation alterations.
> >
> >I have seen that RequestProcessor may offer hope, I'd like to know
> >the order
> >that these RP methods are called.
> >
> >I realise that I could use BeanUtils and make a DynaBean copy of a form
> >bean, filtering the parameters during the copy.  Just seems overkill, and
> >yet another object in the request.
> >
> >Any pointers?
> >How do you filter your sql sensitive characters?
> >
> 
> 
> -
> To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> 


-- 
Portable: +41 (0)76 446 97 12
Fixe: +41 (0)32 71 007 74
Web:  http://www.extentis.com

-
To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

loosing url-pattern *.do while upgrading to Struts 1.1-b2

[Patrick Refondini]

When defining a form:

 (...)

with the Action Servlet mapped using url-pattern *.do defined in web.xml
the generated html form I obtain is:

 (...)

instead of

 (...)

leading to an error:
HTTP Status 404 requested resource (/saveSubscription) is not available.


If I hardcode the .do to the form definition:

 (...)

then everything works as expected.


I have come through this while upgrading from a Struts nightly builds 
20020508 to Struts 1.1-b2.

I am having this problem not only with my custom application but with 
struts-example.war (from which the above example code comes) and 
struts-validator.war as well.

struts-exercise-taglib.war, struts-upload.war do not lead to this 
problem as .do are hardcoded into form definitions.

I am using Tomcat 4.0.3, The Struts 1.1-b2 binary distribution 
(jakarta-struts-1.1-b2.tar.gz)

Any advice highly appreciated :)

Patrick





--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Mentionned Validator Resources not accessible on Struts web site

[Patrick Refondini]

I am looking for Struts Validator resources.
Is it on purpose that the resources mentionned at the following link are 
not accessible (yet) ?

http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/userGuide/dev_validator.html

Patrick


--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Is it possible to generate styleId ?

[Patrick Refondini]

Maris Orbidans wrote:
> Hello
> 
> I would like to have styleId different for each  element. How to achieve 
>it ?
> 
>   type="lv.datapro.lad.pri.utils.Zurnals4BaseView">
> 
>   
> 
> 
> I want this because I will generate some JavaScript that will validate those date 
>fields.
> Since property is the same then I need styleId different to distinguish my date 
>fields in script.
> 
> Or maybe there is some better way to do it ?
> 
> 
> Maris
> 
> --
> To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
> For additional commands, e-mail: 
> 
> 

 From the documentation:
http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/userGuide/struts-html.html#text

styleId:  Identifier to be assigned to this HTML element (renders an 
"id" attribute).  (RT EXPR)

So technically you should be able to assign self generated ids using a 
Runtime expression.

I think you should first check out if the Struts Validator does not 
implement what you try to code.

Patrick



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Accessing MessageResources From Runtime Expression

[Patrick Refondini]

Bartley, Chris P wrote:
> Here are two ways to do what you want (without creating your own tag), as
> suggested by Craig and Martin:
> 
>  
> http://nagoya.apache.org/eyebrowse/ReadMsg?[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> he.org&msgId=425573
>  
> http://nagoya.apache.org/eyebrowse/ReadMsg?[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> he.org&msgId=426577
> 
> (Martin's solution does not work with Struts 1.0.2)
> 
> You can see all the messages in the thread at:
> 
>  
> http://nagoya.apache.org/eyebrowse/SearchList?listId=&listName=struts-user@j
> akarta.apache.org&searchText=bean_message+is+problematic
> 
> chris
> 
> 
>>-Original Message-
>>From: Patrick Refondini [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>>Sent: Sunday, August 11, 2002 6:55 AM
>>To: Struts Mailing List
>>Subject: Accessing MessageResources From Runtime Expression
>>
>>
>>
>>I try to refer to image paths stored in MessageResources from 
>>a Runtime 
>>Expression in order to dynamically define Javascripts.
>>
>>I look for a mix of bean:message and bean:define tags that 
>>would let me do:
>>
>>>   id="closeActionActiveBtnMessage"
>>   key="close.action.active_button"
>>   toScope="page" />
>>
>>>   id="closeActionBtnMessage"
>>   key="close.action.button"
>>   toScope="page" />
>>
>>In order to accomplish:
>>
>>>property   ="setCloseAction"
>>styleClass ="unSelMnuBtn"
>>onmouseover='<%="this.src=\'" +
>> closeActionActiveBtnMessage + "\'"%>'
>>onmouseout ='<%="this.src=\'" + 
>>closeActionBtnMessage +
>>"\'"%>' />
>>
>>I might not have understood that an already existing tags 
>>solves this !
>>Or should I create a custom "" tag ?
>>
>>
>>I'll be pleased of any direction you can point me to, thanks
>>Patrick
>>
>>
>>
>>Here after a code sample of a working test I have closely based :) on 
>>the the  source code
>>(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.MessageTag.doStartTag() 
>>Author: Craig R. 
>>McClanahan, Version: $Revision: 1.4 $ $Date: 2001/02/20 01:48:45 $) :
>>
>>  <%
>>  // Get the message
>> String closeActionActiveBtnMessage = RequestUtils.message(
>>  pageContext, Action.MESSAGES_KEY, Action.LOCALE_KEY, 
>>"close.action.active_button");
>>  // Check if it was found
>>  if (closeActionActiveBtnMessage == null) {
>>  JspException e = new JspException
>>  ("Error: close.action.active_button message 
>>resource not found.");
>> RequestUtils.saveException(pageContext, e);
>> throw e;
>> }
>>
>>  // Build the Javascript given the message (image path).
>> String closeActionActiveBtnScript  = "this.src=\'" + 
>>closeActionActiveBtnMessage + "\'";
>>
>> // Return the script as a bean to the pageContext at 
>>the given 
>>scope
>> pageContext.setAttribute("closeActionActiveBtnScript", 
>>closeActionActiveBtnScript, PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE);
>>
>>  (... idem for "closeActionBtnScript" ...)
>>   %>
>>
>>   >srcKey="com.extentis.webapp.adhoc.close.action.button"
>>  property="setCloseAction"
>>  styleClass="unSelMnuBtn"
>>  onmouseover='<%=closeActionActiveBtnScript%>'
>>  onmouseout='<%=closeActionBtnScript%>' />
>>
>>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>><mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>><mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>
> 
> --
> To unsubscribe, e-mail:   <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> 
> 

Fortunately I use Struts 1.1. thus I can do


   


It is straightforward :)

Thanks a lot chris.


--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

Re: DOM and Persitence Caching [OT :-)]

[Patrick Refondini]

Jacob Hookom wrote:
> For any OT post, you must start with "I'm developing a struts
> application and I was wondering"
> 
> I have to represent a File-like tree structure that could have thousands
> of items, granted they won't all be displayed on the screen at once, but
> users will be selecting "nodes" in the tree structure and browsing.  My
> idea is to cache the tree structure as an XML document in memory and run
> XPath queries on it and comparing time stamps against the DB.
> 
> I haven't heard of many people using XPath with their applications, and
> I'm just wondering if I'm missing something?
> 
> Jacob Hookom 
> Comprehensive Computer Science 
> University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 
> 
> 
> 
> ---
> Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
> Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> Version: 6.0.380 / Virus Database: 213 - Release Date: 7/24/2002
>  
> 
> 
> --
> To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
> For additional commands, e-mail: 
> 
> 

If you do not already know about it you might have a look to the 
recursive tree walk using the Nested tag. You will especially like the 
part two whith the following example:
(...)Easiest set of tree data available is to reflect an actual 
directory structure. Not as hard as it seems, actually we'll be using 
recursion for this also. (...)
(requires a build more recent than the 1.1-b1 release).


Talking about XML I have used it to create a simple HTML form based XML 
editing tool.
It basicly works as followed:

1. A JDOM Element caches the XML tree.

2. Conversion from JDOM Element to a simple custom tree class with GUI 
specific properties added to the XML data. This tree class is exposed to
Struts as an ActionForm property.

3. The Struts controller does the magic of recursively populating the 
tree properties (like flaging a node you want to expand ...)

4. Does the reverse operations of 1. and 2. to save any XML data 
modification if required.


Of course not all of the above is relevant to you if you only need to 
read and not write to your XML tree structure.


References:

JDOM:
http://www.jdom.org

Nested Recursive Tree Example:
http://www.keyboardmonkey.com/pilotlight/index.jsp


Patrick




--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Message Reources Question

[Patrick Refondini]

Ananda Chaudhuri wrote:
> Hi All,
> 
> I am working with 1.1b and wanted to make the message resources work.
> 
> In the struts-config file I have this line:
> 
> 
> 
> This uses tiles so in header.jsp i have 1 line:
> 
> Mediamania
> 
> In the MediaManiaResources.properties file which I have kept in WEB-INF/classes I 
>have:
> 
> image.mediamanialogo = img/mediamania-logo.gif and this file in img directory which 
>is directly under the application root directory.
> 
> When I load the index.jsp I can see header.jsp loading since I can see the text in 
>front of the image but I cannot get the image to display.
> 
> I  thought I would find answer to myquestion in mail-archive but didnt.
> 
> Would anyone please tell me what I am doing wrong?
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Anand
> 
> 
> 
> ---
> Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
> Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> Version: 6.0.380 / Virus Database: 213 - Release Date: 7/24/2002
> 

Maybe specifying the bundle will help, I never used it myself but it 
should look like:



I found it in the doc:

http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/userGuide/struts-html.html#image

Patrick


--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Accessing MessageResources From Runtime Expression

[Patrick Refondini]

I try to refer to image paths stored in MessageResources from a Runtime 
Expression in order to dynamically define Javascripts.

I look for a mix of bean:message and bean:define tags that would let me do:





In order to accomplish:

'
onmouseout ='<%="this.src=\'" + closeActionBtnMessage +
"\'"%>' />

I might not have understood that an already existing tags solves this !
Or should I create a custom "" tag ?


I'll be pleased of any direction you can point me to, thanks
Patrick



Here after a code sample of a working test I have closely based :) on 
the the  source code
(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.MessageTag.doStartTag() Author: Craig R. 
McClanahan, Version: $Revision: 1.4 $ $Date: 2001/02/20 01:48:45 $) :

  <%
// Get the message
 String closeActionActiveBtnMessage = RequestUtils.message(
pageContext, Action.MESSAGES_KEY, Action.LOCALE_KEY, 
"close.action.active_button");
// Check if it was found
if (closeActionActiveBtnMessage == null) {
JspException e = new JspException
("Error: close.action.active_button message resource not found.");
 RequestUtils.saveException(pageContext, e);
 throw e;
 }

// Build the Javascript given the message (image path).
 String closeActionActiveBtnScript  = "this.src=\'" + 
closeActionActiveBtnMessage + "\'";

 // Return the script as a bean to the pageContext at the given 
scope
 pageContext.setAttribute("closeActionActiveBtnScript", 
closeActionActiveBtnScript, PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE);

(... idem for "closeActionBtnScript" ...)
   %>

   


--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Strutsproblem: Sending files from Server to client!

[Patrick Refondini]

I am not clear about your problem but the following code sample works 
fine. Maybe the only important difference is that the perform method 
returns null ?

   public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping,
ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
   throws IOException, ServletException {

 HttpSession session = request.getSession();

 (...)

 // a temporary output stream
 ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

 // a writer to write String to output Stream.
 Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(bout));
 writer.write(xmldoc); // xmldoc could be your "csv.dat" as String
 writer.close();

 byte[] content = bout.toByteArray();
 // set the exact content length from our temp output stream
 response.setContentLength(content.length);

 // write the bytes content
 response.getOutputStream().write(content);

 // flush the stream
 response.getOutputStream().flush();

 return null;
   }

Mrazovic, Maik wrote:
> Server generates a textfile. After generating server read the file and sends
> it to the client. Well, thats noe problem I thought, but a problem within
> Struts!
> 
> While server wants to make this above within an Action there come en error: 
> 
> "2002-07-22 12:46:44 - Ctx( /impact ): IllegalStateException in: R( /impact
> + /createCSV2.do + null) Cannot forward as OutputStream or Writer has
> already been obtained"
> 
> 
> But if server makes this by a servlet it works! Isn´t that strange? 
> 
> The code:
> 
> //userObject from session
> HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
> de.tsystems.impact.model.User user =
> ( de.tsystems.impact.model.User )
> session.getAttribute(de.tsystems.impact.constants.Constants.USER_KEY);
> 
>   //debug-Info
>   de.tsystems.impact.util.ParameterTest.printParameters(request);
> 
> //App.Key: "sql.csv.generate"
> String stmt = "something...'";
> 
> DBConnector con = DBConnector.getInstance();
> java.util.List listResult = con.executeDBStatement(stmt);
> 
> java.util.Iterator iter = listResult.iterator();
> 
> //Vector we fill with ImpactCSV-Objects
> java.util.Vector vectorWithCSVData = new java.util.Vector();
> 
> while (iter.hasNext()) {
>   java.util.List vec = (java.util.List) iter.next();
> vectorWithCSVData.add(new de.tsystems.impact.model.ImpactCSV(
>   ((String) vec.get(2)), //land
>   ((String) vec.get(0)), //bm
>   ((String) vec.get(1)), //Version
>   ((String) vec.get(4)), //Monat
>   ((String) vec.get(3)), //Jahr
>   ((String) vec.get(5))  //MengeLPP
>   ));
> }
> 
> //create empty CSV-File on server
> String file = getServletContext().getRealPath("") +
> java.io.File.separator + "web-inf" + java.io.File.separator
>   + "csv.dat";
> 
> //Buffersize for reading and sending data
> int buffer = 10 * 1024;   //10 kb, increase if necessary
> 
> //fill the "csv.dat" at "..\WEB-INF\csv.dat".
> FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(file));
> PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(fos);
> 
> for (int i = 0; i < vectorWithCSVData.size(); i++)
> {
> de.tsystems.impact.model.ImpactCSV impactSCV =
> ( de.tsystems.impact.model.ImpactCSV )
> vectorWithCSVData.get(i);
> 
> pw.write(impactSCV.getLandnummer() + ";" +
> impactSCV.getBaumuster() + ";" + impactSCV.getVersion() + ";"
>  + impactSCV.getMonat() + ";" + impactSCV.getJahr() +
> ";" + impactSCV.getWert() + "\n");
> }
> 
> //clean up all ressources
> pw.flush();
> pw.close();
> fos.close();
> 
> //Now sending this file to client
> try
> {
> //BufferedOutputStream out = new
> BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream(), buffer);
> javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream out =
> response.getOutputStream();
> 
> String contentType = getServletContext().getMimeType(file);
> 
> response.setContentType(contentType);
> 
> FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
> byte[] buf = new byte [buffer];
> int bytesRead;
> 
> while ((bytesRead = fis.read(buf)) != -1)
> {
> out.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);
> }
> 
> out.flush();
> fis.close();
> }
> catch (Exception e)
> {
> e.printStackTrace();
> response.sendError(response.SC_NOT_FOUND, e.toString());
> }
> 
> --
> To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
> For additional com

Re: viewing email from this list

[Patrick Refondini]

But not yet on Linux :)

Eddie Bush wrote:

>OutlookExpress works in a similar fashion =)
>
>- Original Message -
>From: "Ted Husted" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Sent: Friday, February 22, 2002 2:28 PM
>Subject: Re: viewing email from this list
>
>
>>Netscape Messenger works great for me.
>>
>>It also threads everything, so if something goes off topic, it's easy to
>>start ignoring the thread =:O)
>>
>>-Ted.
>>
>>Sarah Farrell wrote:
>>
>>>Is anyone *not* having problems viewing the email from this list?  And
>>>
>if
>
>>>you aren't having problems, what email program are you using?  (Never
>>>
>mind
>
>>>if you're using Pine on Unix.)
>>>
>>>My email client, Eudora, hides some of the text if it looks like an HTML
>>>tag.  I can only see it if I "view source" and there's no way to turn
>>>
>HTML
>
>>>viewing "off."  I can send as "text only" but I can't set it to view as
>>>"text only".
>>>
>>>Suggestions?
>>>
>>>-- Sarah
>>>
>>>--
>>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:
>>>
>
>
>>>For additional commands, e-mail:
>>>
>
>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:
>>
>
>
>>For additional commands, e-mail:
>>
>
>
>
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: how to decide how many beans to use?

[Patrick Refondini]

Check Struts Validator MultiRegistration Example.

In short what I got out of it is that you can deal with one ActionForm 
on several page thanks to :

1. the field page="..." attribute found in validation.xml form element.
2. the validator:javasecript page="..." attribute for client side 
validation if you wish.


Some code extracts to illustrate:

1. In validation.xml


  

  


  
 
 
  
 

 
  
 
 
  
 
   datePatternStrict
   ${datePattern}
 
 
  
   


2. In a first JSP



   In a second JSP




Here I use only one ActionForm (ValidatorForm) called userForm for two JSP.


may this help you ! , Patrick




Jesse Alexander (KADA 12) wrote:

>1 actionform per page
>except for wizards: 1 actionform per suite of pages that make up the wizard
>
>There is doc around showing how to deal with Davids validation and wizards.
>
>hth
>Alexander Jesse
>
>-Original Message-
>From: Domen, Ken [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>Sent: Donnerstag, 21. Februar 2002 01:07
>To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
>Subject: how to decide how many beans to use?
>
>
>I'm running into a problem.  
>
>I started out with one FormBean.  It's basically a flattened domain object.
>I'm using the Dave W. Validation package and in the validation.xml, you
>define
>that for a particular FormBean you validate certain fields.  Different pages
>need validation on different fields so using only 1 FormBean won't work.
>
>So do you create a new FormBean for each page that needs different
>validations?
>
>thanks.
>ken
>
>
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Development Environment

[Patrick Refondini]

JBuilder 5 Professional, Linux RedHat 7.2

Dave Wellman wrote:

>Hello,
>
>Quick question, what is the preferred development environment that you are
>all using, Linux - Emacs, VIM,  Windows - JBuilder, VisualAge?
>
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Using tag around tag. Is it legal?

[Patrick Refondini]

I have copy pasted your lines :


<%=formAction%>
<%= 1+1 %>


and I obtain the expected output:

/test
2
/test

The error must come from elsewhere.
What error do you obtain ?

Patrick





Antony Stace wrote:

>Thank you very much for your reply Patrick.
>
>I got an error with the <%=formAction%> line.  As test I tried
>
>
><%=formAction%>
>
>in my jsp page, I always get an error, it is strange since
>
><%= 1+1 %>   and
>
>
>works fine.  Any ideas why
>
><%=formAction%>
>
>is giving an error?
>
>Cheers
>
>Tony
>
>
>
>
>On Tue, 19 Feb 2002 12:05:27 +0100
>Patrick Refondini <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>>the wrong syntax seems to come from my previous quick and dirty answer :(
>>
>>Problems:
>>1. bean:define value must not be define as body content but as value 
>>attribute.
>>2. forget about action=''  it compiles but 
>>the bean:write tag is not interpreted so at runtime the action looked 
>>for is 
>>
>>This time I tested the following code sample, it works :)
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>  (...)
>>
>>
>>Hereafter corrections regarding your example
>>
>>Antony Stace wrote:
>>
>>>Hi 
>>>
>>>Can someone please give me the syntax for defining the action using the contents of
>>>formAction in the  line.
>>>
>>>>defaultAction
>>>>
>>should become 
>>
>>
>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>/addUser
>>>>
>>
>>
>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>/modifyUser
>>>>
>>
>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>or 
>>>>
>>>>
>>This one should work 
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>I hope this time your problem is solved ...
>>
>>Patrick
>>
>>
>>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

Re: Using tag around tag. Is it legal?

[Patrick Refondini]

the wrong syntax seems to come from my previous quick and dirty answer :(

Problems:
1. bean:define value must not be define as body content but as value 
attribute.
2. forget about action=''  it compiles but 
the bean:write tag is not interpreted so at runtime the action looked 
for is 

This time I tested the following code sample, it works :)




  (...)


Hereafter corrections regarding your example

Antony Stace wrote:

>Hi 
>
>Can someone please give me the syntax for defining the action using the contents of
>formAction in the  line.
>
>>defaultAction
>>
should become 



>>
>>
>>
>>/addUser
>>



>>
>>
>>
>>
>>/modifyUser
>>


>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>or 
>>
>>
This one should work 




I hope this time your problem is solved ...

Patrick



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Datetime validation taglib for struts?

[Patrick Refondini]

Transformation mechanism for binary data, taking the date example.

Trying to deal with java.util.Date in Struts I have came to look for :

1. Validation mechanism
I tested the Struts Validator Ted mentioned. Centralized xml config, 18n 
support, out of the box JavaScript for client side checks, ... great !

2. Transformation mechanism
I am looking for a way to benefit from java.util.Date automatic 
population in ActionForm like Strings or primitive types are.

2.1 The actual properties conversion takes place in 
org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils this might be extended to 
support java.util.Date conversion.
2.2 Thanks to the Struts Validator it seems there is a generic way to 
know which date pattern is used for which field at submission time.
The ActionServlet or as proposed "(...). A transformation plugin to the 
Validator (...)" could exploit this to do any required request 
parameters pre-processing to let ConverUtils always receive dates of a 
similar pattern.

Do you think this could lead to a solution ?

Patrick



Ted Husted wrote:

>The domain-type validations, like whether it is a date, can be handled
>in the ActionForm validate, if that's helpful. The Struts Validator is
>very good for this, and keeps everything out in an XML file where it can
>be easier reviewed. Range checks that depend on the model state would
>still have to be performed in the action, though. 
>
>A lot of it depends on what you already got. If the model beans already
>do the validation, let them. If they don't, do what you can in the
>ActionForm. 
>
>Transformations are trickier. I don't have a really good solution for
>transforming binary data. There are some tools, like Rey Francois'
>mapper, but I haven't put them into a production app myself. 
>
>For properties representing formatted binary data, I tend to have
>getDate (binary) and getDateText (string) properties. 
>
>The action sets the binary property, which in turn also sets the String
>field. The form sets the String property (property="dateText"), which
>also tries to convert it into a binary. 
>
>If it fails, the binary field goes to null, but all exceptions are
>caught. Otherwise, it updates the binary field. 
>
>The validator can then look at whether dateText and/or date are empty,
>and post the appropriate validation error (if any). 
>
>The methods in question rely on static methods in a utility class, to
>eliminate as much unique code from the action form bean as possible. 
>
>When the form gets to the action, the model bean can get it's value from
>the binary property. 
>
>Since I tend to use reflection for this, I use the "real" property name
>for the binary version, and append "Text" for the "formatted for
>display" version. The same approach can be used for String fields like
>telephone numbers, where you might want to store only the digits,
>without any punctuation. The telephoneText property copes with hyphens
>and spaces. The telephone property is a string with all digits.
>
>This is probably the most common approach right now, but it's a pain to
>setup. It also means that properties are sharing fields, or else you at
>least need a setDateTextRaw() property to avoid looping. 
>
>A transformation plugin to the Validator that could be configured with
>XML would be much better. 
>
>-- Ted Husted, Husted dot Com, Fairport NY USA.
>-- Java Web Development with Struts.
>-- Tel +1 585 737-3463.
>-- Web http://www.husted.com/struts/
>
>
>
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>>Thanks Mark for your answer.
>>
>>I was just curious how most others here choose "when" to perform things
>>like date/numeric validation?
>>
>>thanks,
>>Therion
>>
>>
>>Mark Woon
>><[EMAIL PROTECTED]To: Struts Users Mailing List 
><[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>nford.EDU>   cc:
>> Subject: Re: Datetime validation 
>taglib for struts?
>>02/14/02 02:24 PM
>>Please respond to
>>Struts Users
>>Mailing List
>>
>>
>>
>>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>>
>>>Does there exist a taglib or a way to perform date/time validation on an
>>>input form WITHOUT having to use Javascript in the form?
>>>
>>[snip]
>>
>>>I don't see any that will actually perform validation on a field after
>>>focus has been lost...
>>>
>>I don't see how you could possibly perform client-side validation ("after
>>focus
>>has been lost") without using Javascript...
>>
>>-Mark
>>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   <
>>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>For additional commands, e-mail: <
>>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>>
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, 

Re: Using tag around tag. Is it legal?

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi Antony,
I guess you are not allowed to enclose a tag start within a logic tag
whithout enclosing the tag end as well.
This leads to :



...



Of course if the only difference in your forms (addUser, modifyUser) are
the form action attribute it will duplicate a lot of code.
In this case as action attribute is a RunTime Expression you might deal
with something like :

defaultAction


/addUser



/modifyUser




or 


I am not sure about syntax ... but this is the idea


Patrick


Antony Stace wrote:

>Hi Ladies and Gentlemen
>
>I want to use  tags around a  but I am having
>errors.  I am not sure if this is allowed in struts.  Can someone please confirmthat 
>this is not or is allowed in struts.
>
>The code I have is
>
>--snip
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>rest of form definition
>
>--snip-
>
>The error I am getting is
>
>org.apache.jasper.compiler.ParseException: /WEB-INF/pages/clientDetails.jsp(21,0) 
>??:   ???
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser$Tag.accept(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser$Tag.accept(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser$Tag.accept(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser$Tag.accept(Parser.java)
>   at org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.parse(Parser.java)
>
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: urgent!!!! HELP!!!! I have application to go... Dynamic Property.

[Patrick Refondini]

I am new to using mailing lists but I guess  you'll find a reason for 
the silence following your question by having a look at :

http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html

Hereafter a short part of it :

" (...)
Use meaningful, specific subject headers

On mailing lists or newsgroups, the subject header is your golden 
opportunity to attract qualified experts' attention in around 50 
characters or fewer. Don't waste it on babble like "Please help me" (let 
alone "PLEASE HELP ME"; messages with subjects like that get 
discarded by reflex). Don't try to impress us with the depth of your 
anguish; use the space for a super-concise problem description instead.
(...)"

I hope it can help, Regards Patrick


Arik Levin ( Tikal ) wrote:

>Hello out there...
> 
>I asked this question yesterday, but with no luck. No a single
>comment.
> 
> can anybody help me with this    HELP  @#@#@#@#
> 
> 
> 
> 
>Hi everybody.
> 
>  I'm new at struts, but I have tried it and It's just what our company
>wants to our project, and hey... you did a great job.
> 
>  BUT, I have to use some dynamic property because a lot of forms at our
>app. is dynamic. Thus, I have found at the mailing list a
>DynamicProperty zip file so... I have compiled it to the struts jar and did
>the example but I have this small problem.
>
> 
>At this section:
> 
> 
>  scope="session"/>
> 
>
> 
><% for (java.util.Iterator iter =
>mainForm.allDynamicPropertyNames().iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
>String propName = (String)iter.next(); %>
><%=propName%>: 
><%
>}
>%>
> 
> 
>I get an Exception:  blab la" Could instantiate bean
>'mainForm', neither 'class' nor 'beanName' were specified "  bla.. bla..
> 
>So as I see it, the bean thru struts is not in session scope, so
>I don't have this bean so I'm  ...beeep!
> 
> 
>If someone out there can help me with this issue , it would be
>great, but if not I think I'll have to write something else and I don't want
>that !!!
> 
>By the way, is there any chance to know when is the next release
>???  thanx bye  Arik.
> 
>
> 
> 
> 
> 
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Struts runtime expression tag.

[Patrick Refondini]

having the following forward defined as you mentioned



you can as well use it in your html:link 

Membership


Patrick


Matt Raible wrote:

>Unfortunately, you cannot "nest" tags within each other.  You best best is to
>put a global forward in your struts-config.xml, such as:
>
>
>
>And then write your  as follows:
>
>Membership
>
>OR, I "think" you can do it this way:
>
>paramProperty="id">Membership
>
>Also, I think it's good practice to have all your "links" go to "forwards"
>rather than "pages".  This way, if you ever need to change your action mapping
>(from say *.do to /do/*), you can do it by only touching the web.xml and
>struts-config.xml.
>
>HTH,
>
>Matt
>
>--- Victor Hadianto <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>>Hi list,
>>
>>I wonder if I'm doing something really wrong here, this is what I want to do:
>>
>>Membership
>>
>>Struts ignores the  tag altogether. 
>>I have to use a normal  tag for example:
>>
>>>property='id'/>">Membership
>>
>>to get this to work. Now the obvious problem is using the  tag
>>I have to include the context. Very annoying.
>>
>>Did I do something really wrong here?
>>
>>Regards,
>>
>>-- 
>>Victor Hadianto
>>---
>>Remember, in 2039, MOUSSE & PASTA will be available ONLY by prescription!!
>>
>>--
>>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>>
>
>
>__
>Do You Yahoo!?
>Great stuff seeking new owners in Yahoo! Auctions! 
>http://auctions.yahoo.com
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Struts Validator Load Failure

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi,

I have had the same error :
Digester.getParser:
javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException:
Namespace not supported
by SAXParser
(...)

The digester (org.apache.commons.digester) namespace setup seems not 
supported by all versions of xml parsers.
I had the same problem with both digester package version 1.0 and 1.1.1

A "solution" :

Since tomcat 3.3a (Final ) and above this problem do not arise, due to 
the included xml parser version I guess.

I tried to upgrade the tomcat 3.2.2 parser, the digester errors seemed 
resolved but it broke tomcat somewhere else ... I stoped spending time 
there and choose the easy way: upgrading the servlet - JSP container.

I think it must be possible to work with Tomcat 4 in the JBuilder 
environement since JBuilder 5.0 but I haven't tested it yet.

Regards, Patrick



Robert D. Morse wrote:

>Thanks Ted, but I get a different error under JBuilder 6.0:
>
>Digester.getParser:
>javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException: Namespace not supported by
>SAXParser
>   at com.sun.xml.parser.SAXParserImpl.(SAXParserImpl.java:60)
>   at
>com.sun.xml.parser.SAXParserFactoryImpl.newSAXParser(SAXParserFactoryImpl.ja
>va:57)
>   at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.getParser(Digester.java:523)
>   at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.getReader(Digester.java:542)
>   at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1234)
>   at
>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.initMapping(ActionServlet.java:1762)
>   at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.init(ActionServlet.java:496)
>   at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:258)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.ServletWrapper.doInit(ServletWrapper.java:317)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.Handler.init(Handler.java:215)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.ServletWrapper.init(ServletWrapper.java:296)
>   at
>org.apache.tomcat.context.LoadOnStartupInterceptor.contextInit(LoadOnStartup
>Interceptor.java:130)
>   at
>org.apache.tomcat.core.ContextManager.initContext(ContextManager.java:491)
>   at
>org.apache.tomcat.core.ContextManager.init(ContextManager.java:453)java.lang
>.NoSuchMethodError
>   at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.getReader(Digester.java:542)
>   at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1234)
>   at
>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.initMapping(ActionServlet.java:1762)
>   at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.init(ActionServlet.java:496)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.startup.Tomcat.execute(Tomcat.java:195)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.startup.Tomcat.main(Tomcat.java:235)
>
>   at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:258)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.ServletWrapper.doInit(ServletWrapper.java:317)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.Handler.init(Handler.java:215)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.ServletWrapper.init(ServletWrapper.java:296)
>   at
>org.apache.tomcat.context.LoadOnStartupInterceptor.contextInit(LoadOnStartup
>Interceptor.java:130)
>   at
>org.apache.tomcat.core.ContextManager.initContext(ContextManager.java:491)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.core.ContextManager.init(ContextManager.java:453)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.startup.Tomcat.execute(Tomcat.java:195)
>   at org.apache.tomcat.startup.Tomcat.main(Tomcat.java:235)
>Exception in thread "main"
>
>-Original Message-
>From: Ted Husted [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>Sent: Saturday, February 02, 2002 11:03 AM
>To: Struts Users Mailing List
>Subject: Re: Struts Validator Load Failure
>
>
>Try it with this one instead (binaries only),
>
>http://husted.com/struts/resources/struts_1_1a.zip
>
>and let us know if it works as well as it did Struts 1.0.x
>
>Hey, and any notes on using Torque with Struts would be welcome =:o)
>
>-Ted.
>
>
>"Robert D. Morse" wrote:
>
>>Hello Ted.
>>I just tried the nightly 31-Jan-2002 version of struts.  Torque is from
>>01-06-2002.
>>
>>-Original Message-
>>From: Ted Husted [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>>Sent: Saturday, February 02, 2002 6:07 AM
>>To: Struts Users Mailing List
>>Subject: Re: Struts Validator Load Failure
>>
>>By any version of Struts, do include version 1.0.1 or a nightly build
>>prior to 15-Jan ?
>>
>>-- Ted Husted, Husted dot Com, Fairport NY USA.
>>-- Java Web Development with Struts.
>>-- Tel +1 585 737-3463.
>>-- Web http://www.husted.com/struts/
>>
>>"Robert D. Morse" wrote:
>>
>>>Has anyone discovered a fix for this?  I see this with the 01-06-2002
>>>nightly of Torque and any version of Struts other than 1.0.  Struts 1.0
>>>works perfectly.  I haven't had the time to track this down personally,
>>>
>so
>
>>>I'm wondering if anyone discovered a solution.  Thanks.
>>>
>>>-Original Message-
>>>From: Struts Newsgroup [mailto:@[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>>>Sent: Sunday, January 06, 2002 12:10 PM
>>>To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>>>Subject: Struts Validator Load Failure
>>>
>>>Subject: Struts Validator Load Failure
>>>From: "Paul Heath" <[EMAIL 

Re: OT: onblur Javascript validation

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi Todd,

No idea:
I cannot answer your question :( as I do not code Javascript.

But suggestion:
I can deal with Javascript validations for required fields, dates, ... 
since I found Struts Validator :)
http://home.earthlink.net/~dwinterfeldt/

I found it worth the invested time

Regards, Patrick

Todd G. Nist wrote:

>Hello all,
>
>I have a small Javascript function for validating if a field is required or
>not.  I would like to use it with the "onblur" attribute on the html tag.
>If the field is empty, then I would like to reapply focus to the filed and
>display a message to the user forcing them to fill in the field.  Additional
>validation will be added in the future via regular expressions to ensure
>that the data type is correct.
>
>PROBLEM:
>
>When I go to leave the field the "blur" event firers and I see the message
>'Mandatory field.'.  I then apply focus back to the requesting field and
>return 'false' which I thought would prevent the passing of "focus" to the
>next field; this was however wrong.  What happens is it just goes between
>the two fields display the message 'Mandatory field.' until I kill the
>browser (IE 5.5).
>
>So the basic code looks like this:
>
>
>function checkValue(field, required, regFormat) {
>
>   if (field.value!="") {
>   return true;
>   }
>
>  if (required) {
>   alert('Mandatory field.  Place field specific message here');
>   field.focus();
>   return false;
>  }
>
>   return true;
>}
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>  
>
>  
>
>  Date before MM/DD/:
>  
>
>
>  Date After MM/DD/:
>  
>
>  
>
>  
>
>
>
>Any ideas or suggestions are appreciated.
>
>
>Regards,
>Todd G. Nist
>Email:   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Logic Iterator, access iteration counter

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi Greg,

I think what your are looking for is the indexId attribute of the 
logic:iterate tag, check the doc at :
http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/struts-logic.html#iterate
it is quite clearly stated.

Here is a case in which I use it to populate my taskForm.index property :


  

  











  
  
  
  


  

  



Patrick


Greg Hess wrote:

>I am iterating threw a collection and I am using a tag library within each
>iteration to build a link for delete and view. The objects themselves have
>no unique identifier and I would like to use the iteration counter to
>identify the object in the collection. Does the page, session have any
>variable to hold the counter that I can use in my tag class.
>
>
>--
>To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
>For additional commands, e-mail: 
>
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Beanutils.populate()

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi,
I am looking to solve the same issue but have no clean solution yet, 
just a few ideas :

Populating dates requires to dynamically obtain date pattern format 
together with the String date value in order to do the String to Date / 
Date to String conversion.

To achieve these goals :

Requirements

1. A validation mechanism is necessary to make sure the right String 
format has been submitted.
2. A conversion mechanism must be implemented.


Solutions

Point 1. Struts Validator http://home.earthlink.net/~dwinterfeldt/  
looks like the answer, with i18n support which is most important for dates.
Point 2. I have come to think of extending or modifying 
org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils class source which does the 
actual type conversion.


Any comments, ideas or other solutions are welcome.

Regards, Patrick




[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

>Is there any way to have Beanutils.populate call a setter method with a date
>signature on a bean?
>
>I'm trying to populate a bean with *lots* of properties, some of which are
>dates stored in string format. My source bean has dates in date objects.
>
>Target bean fields/methods:
>
>   String endDate = null;
>
>   public String getEndDate()..
>
>   public void setEndDate(String endDate)
>
>   public void setEndDate(Date d_endDate)
>
>
>Source bean fields/methods:
>
>   Date endDate = null;
>
>   public Date getEndDate()..
>
>   public void setEndDate(Date endDate)
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: 

Re: Help with table with edit buttons

[Patrick Refondini]

Hi,
facing a similar issue I addressed it by having a form per record 
instead of a form for the whole table.
Then everything becomes easier :) hereafter a code sample to illustrate.


  

  

  



  



  



  



  

  
  

  
  

  

  


Each taskForm property represents :
1. Data corresponding to a database task record
taskForm.id property holds the primary key value of a task record.
2. Data useful for view control
taskForm.index property holds the index of the taskForm object in the 
iterated Collection an ArrayList in this particular case.
Useful for editing the selected object without querying the database.

I hope it might help, Patrick



Maturo, Larry wrote:

>Hi David,
>
>I have tried endless variations of the hidden variable
>in each row trick you suggested.  It seems like it should
>be very simple, but each time I run into the problem of 
>the variable I pass in to "value" does not get evaluated,
>instead it comes through in the html as the literal I
>pass in to it.  Below is an example of what I have 
>tried doing.  As you can see, I have put two variations
>of the variable I am trying to use in the table to make
>sure that part is working, and it is.  Can I ask you how 
>you got this to work?
>
>Thank you in advance for any help.
>
>-- Larry Maturo
>   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
>type="com.athensgroup.projtrack.controller.org.OrganizationForm">
>   
>  
>   
>   
>
>filter="true"/>
>filter="true"/>
>
>
>
>
>filter="true"/>
>
>   
>  
>
>
>-Original Message-
>From: David M. Karr [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>Sent: Saturday, January 26, 2002 1:00 PM
>To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Subject: Re: Help with table with edit buttons
>
>
>>"Larry" == Larry Maturo  writes:
>>
>
>Larry> I have a table that displays information on a number of
>Larry> items.  Each table entry has an edit button, so that you
>Larry> can edit the information on that item. I use an iterate 
>Larry> tag to populate the table.  My problem is that I don't
>Larry> know how to save something indicating which edit button
>Larry> they pressed.
>
>Larry> My best guess was to use an onclick handler to set a
>Larry> hidden variable.  My problem is that while I know how
>Larry> to create the hidden variable (using the struts hidden
>Larry> tag) I don't know how to set it in the onclick handler.
>
>One approach is not to try to determine which edit button was pressed, but
>to
>use a hidden field in a form in each table row to encode the OID of the
>object
>in that row.  Each form row submits to the same action.
>



--
To unsubscribe, e-mail:   
For additional commands, e-mail: