RE: Newbie to struts with a question on text fields
Not sure if you are using a form bean or a dynaactionform. But, specify a String type field and then validate the string and convert to numeric. Mike -Original Message- From: Nandita Rajagopalan [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 1:47 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Newbie to struts with a question on text fields Hi, I have a textbox which is supposed to hold a numeric value - ie the property corresponds to a numeric datatype in the Action form. If I leave this textbox empty , I want my validate method to catch it and print an error as this field is a required field. However, when I leave this text empty, a value of 0 gets placed in the property's value . 0 is an allowed value and hence no error gets dumped. How do I get around this problem ? Thanks. - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: newbie about struts and databases
Allow me. That's a pretty involved question. The best thing you can do for yourself as a beginner is pick up a copy of Struts in Action so you can have some background on the technology and how it should work. If you are new to Java and JSP, I can recommend the WROX Press book JSP Web Development, which gives a good overview of Java, JSP, Struts, and also gives a simple example application that shows how these technologies work together. Both of these books address the subject of database access. -= J -Original Message- From: miguel angel rojas aquino [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, January 07, 2003 3:59 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: newbie about struts and databases hi, i'm starting in Struts, and am reading the tutorials in the struts site about building applications with it, and i was thinking if there is any easy tutorial about database access using struts, so i can start more rapidly with it (and my boss doesn't get mad at me while convincing him to use struts in the new project we are starting ;) thanks in advance, and best wishes -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: newbie about struts and databases
hi, i'm starting in Struts, and am reading the tutorials in the struts site about building applications with it, and i was thinking if there is any easy tutorial about database access using struts, so i can start more rapidly with it (and my boss doesn't get mad at me while convincing him to use struts in the new project we are starting ;) Been there... :) And discovered that there really isn't any database access using Struts. Your data access solution shouldn't have anything to do with Struts. It should be usable from a Struts Action, from a Swing app, from a console app, etc. Personally, I implemented the Data Access Object pattern as shown in the J2EE Blueprints document. That may be overkill for a simple app where you might put JDBC code directly in the Action class. Or something in between. The problem with the existing examples is that they have comments such as, In a real-world application, we wouldn't do this, but for the purposes of this example... And nobody ever shows you how you WOULD do it in the real world, because it's messy and complicated and depends on your data structures and rules. So if you haven't determined how you're going to access your database, do that first, separately, before you try to access your database from Struts. -- Wendy Smoak Applications Systems Analyst, Sr. Arizona State University PA Information Resources Management
RE: newbie about struts and databases
In regards to Wendy's statement: That may be overkill for a simple app where you might put JDBC code directly in the Action class. Simple Applications Grow into Five Headed Monsters: I just wanted to agree with Wendy and encourage the use of DAO or some sort of separated database access (DAO,OJB,etc...) even in simple applications. I develop websites for small to mid-sized businesses. I made the Struts newbie mistake of placing all my logic/database access in my action classes. As my simple applications grew I began to see how much I was tying myself down by making my Actions synonymous with my logic. To make a long story short. I had a bunch of code buried in my Action classes that ultimately needed to be shared amongst several web-apps running on the same server. Early on I had seen the growing complexity of my simple applications and I began using the DAO pattern to seperate out my database access (along with implementing some other clever patterns I picked up round these newsgroups). In the end I had to take two large chunks of code out of one of my webapps so that I could share it with several other webapps. I wrote a couple of main classes that read in some configuration files to perfrom automated data retrieval with my DAO/logic classes, set up a cron job and wham-o no painful translation from Action to standalone classes just the sweet ease of a pattern gone well. In the end... try to follow the pattern even if it seems overkill... cuz it has a higher probability of pay off when your app grows a few more heads than you expected. :-D I think we all know that story. Brandon Goodin Phase Web and Multimedia P (406) 862-2245 F (406) 862-0354 [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.phase.ws -Original Message- From: Wendy Smoak [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, January 07, 2003 3:16 PM To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' Subject: RE: newbie about struts and databases hi, i'm starting in Struts, and am reading the tutorials in the struts site about building applications with it, and i was thinking if there is any easy tutorial about database access using struts, so i can start more rapidly with it (and my boss doesn't get mad at me while convincing him to use struts in the new project we are starting ;) Been there... :) And discovered that there really isn't any database access using Struts. Your data access solution shouldn't have anything to do with Struts. It should be usable from a Struts Action, from a Swing app, from a console app, etc. Personally, I implemented the Data Access Object pattern as shown in the J2EE Blueprints document. That may be overkill for a simple app where you might put JDBC code directly in the Action class. Or something in between. The problem with the existing examples is that they have comments such as, In a real-world application, we wouldn't do this, but for the purposes of this example... And nobody ever shows you how you WOULD do it in the real world, because it's messy and complicated and depends on your data structures and rules. So if you haven't determined how you're going to access your database, do that first, separately, before you try to access your database from Struts. -- Wendy Smoak Applications Systems Analyst, Sr. Arizona State University PA Information Resources Management -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
thanks a lot (Re: newbie about struts and databases)
miguel angel rojas aquino wrote: hi, i'm starting in Struts, thanks a lot for your responses, it clears the path i need to follow to become a good struts user :) -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Newbie to struts
Hi, I've read this about 5 times now and still can't get my head aroud what you are doing. Can you draw us a picture of what directories hold what, what your classpath is, and what your javac command is. Personally I have always used the structure recommended in the tomcat documentation that involves an ant build script, this gets around a lot of classpath difficulties as it generates the path for you (and it could be quite lengthy with a STRUTS applicaton). Don't think that's your problem though. HM -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 09:48 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Newbie to struts Hi there I am working my way thtough a Struts tutorial and have a slight (simple I'm sure) problem... I have a bean (Book.java)saved and compiled in my classes dir at tomcat\webapps\strutsShop\WEB_INF\classes In this folder also is BookAction.java which needs to be able to find this bean, and a locally saved copy of the struts.jar file I have edited struts-config.xml and all other files are ready and waiting but my problem is when I try to compile the BookAction.java file in my classes dir. The error I get is BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); _ Chat with friends online, try MSN Messenger: http://messenger.msn.com -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Newbie to struts
Hi again, I'm assuming you are using Tomcat, which may not be the case... this is still worth a look I think http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.1-doc/appdev/source.html Howard -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 09:48 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Newbie to struts Hi there I am working my way thtough a Struts tutorial and have a slight (simple I'm sure) problem... I have a bean (Book.java)saved and compiled in my classes dir at tomcat\webapps\strutsShop\WEB_INF\classes In this folder also is BookAction.java which needs to be able to find this bean, and a locally saved copy of the struts.jar file I have edited struts-config.xml and all other files are ready and waiting but my problem is when I try to compile the BookAction.java file in my classes dir. The error I get is BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); _ Chat with friends online, try MSN Messenger: http://messenger.msn.com -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Newbie to struts
OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.java Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) { System.out.println(Start perform( + form + ) . . . ); String title = req.getParameter(title); Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle( title ); System.out.println(After creation of book: + book.getTitle() ); req.setAttribute(BOOK, book); return mapping.findForward(bookCreated); } } When I try to compile BookAction.java I get my error BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); The problem seems to be that BookAction.java cant find struts.jar that I have saved locally in my classes directory... I have saved this path into my CLASSPATH variable but to no avail... From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 10:12:39 +0100 Hi, I've read this about 5 times now and still can't get my head aroud what you are doing. Can you draw us a picture of what directories hold what, what your classpath is, and what your javac command is. Personally I have always used the structure recommended in the tomcat documentation that involves an ant build script, this gets around a lot of classpath difficulties as it generates the path for you (and it could be quite lengthy with a STRUTS applicaton
Re: Newbie to struts
Verify that Book.java is in same directory as in BookAction.java Otherwise u must import Book.java in ur BookAction.java Better u put these two java's into the same package. Hope it will work. Kalaiselvan.S - Original Message - From: angela mcgrenra [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 17, 2002 3:40 PM Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) { System.out.println(Start perform( + form + ) . . . ); String title = req.getParameter(title); Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle( title ); System.out.println(After creation of book: + book.getTitle() ); req.setAttribute(BOOK, book); return mapping.findForward(bookCreated); } } When I try to compile BookAction.java I get my error BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); The problem seems to be that BookAction.java cant find struts.jar that I have saved locally in my classes directory... I have saved this path into my CLASSPATH variable but to no avail... From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts
RE: Newbie to struts
Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seems that the compiler is not finding class Book, which is (supposed to be) in the same default package as BookAction? Therefore the problem has nothing to do with struts.jar. A couple of observations... Don't use default packages with servlets and suchlike. You get away with it for a while but then weird things start happening - I found out the hard way!! Strongly recommend looking at Tomcat/ant source setup. This has the advantage of loading your application on-the-fly without creating subdirs of the tomcat distribution. Are you using some sort of IDE for this (which might be screwing up the classpath)? Is BookActoin.java.. in your file list just a typing error, or is it really called that? (That would do it!!) HM -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 11:11 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) { System.out.println(Start perform( + form + ) . . . ); String title = req.getParameter(title); Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle( title ); System.out.println(After creation of book: + book.getTitle() ); req.setAttribute(BOOK, book); return mapping.findForward(bookCreated); } } When I try to compile BookAction.java I get my error BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class
Re: Newbie to struts
Have you tried putting struts.jar into: C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\lib ? I might have missed something in your post so forgive me if this is irrelevant HTH Jin - Original Message - From: angela mcgrenra [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 17, 2002 11:10 AM Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) { System.out.println(Start perform( + form + ) . . . ); String title = req.getParameter(title); Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle( title ); System.out.println(After creation of book: + book.getTitle() ); req.setAttribute(BOOK, book); return mapping.findForward(bookCreated); } } When I try to compile BookAction.java I get my error BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); The problem seems to be that BookAction.java cant find struts.jar that I have saved locally in my classes directory... I have saved this path into my CLASSPATH variable but to no avail... From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep
RE: Newbie to struts
It's a silly answer, but, have you compiled Book before BookAction? -Mensaje original- De: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Enviado el: martes, 17 de septiembre de 2002 12:11 Para: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Asunto: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) { System.out.println(Start perform( + form + ) . . . ); String title = req.getParameter(title); Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle( title ); System.out.println(After creation of book: + book.getTitle() ); req.setAttribute(BOOK, book); return mapping.findForward(bookCreated); } } When I try to compile BookAction.java I get my error BookAction.java:27: cannot resolve symbol symbol : class Book location : class BookAction Book book = new Book(); The problem seems to be that BookAction.java cant find struts.jar that I have saved locally in my classes directory... I have saved this path into my CLASSPATH variable but to no avail... From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 10:12:39 +0100 Hi, I've read this about 5 times now and still can't get my head aroud what you are doing. Can you draw us a picture of what directories hold what, what your classpath is, and what your javac command is. Personally I
RE: Newbie to struts
Got it sorted - u were right Howard, had nothing to do with struts.jar. I added the path to the classes directory to the javac command and it compiled ok...not the way to go though! Thanks for all your help Angie From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 11:28:21 +0100 Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seems that the compiler is not finding class Book, which is (supposed to be) in the same default package as BookAction? Therefore the problem has nothing to do with struts.jar. A couple of observations... Don't use default packages with servlets and suchlike. You get away with it for a while but then weird things start happening - I found out the hard way!! Strongly recommend looking at Tomcat/ant source setup. This has the advantage of loading your application on-the-fly without creating subdirs of the tomcat distribution. Are you using some sort of IDE for this (which might be screwing up the classpath)? Is BookActoin.java.. in your file list just a typing error, or is it really called that? (That would do it!!) HM -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 11:11 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res
RE: Newbie to struts
Got it sorted - u were right Howard, had nothing to do with struts.jar. I added the path to the classes directory to the javac command and it compiled ok...not the way to go though! Thanks for all your help Angie From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 11:28:21 +0100 Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seems that the compiler is not finding class Book, which is (supposed to be) in the same default package as BookAction? Therefore the problem has nothing to do with struts.jar. A couple of observations... Don't use default packages with servlets and suchlike. You get away with it for a while but then weird things start happening - I found out the hard way!! Strongly recommend looking at Tomcat/ant source setup. This has the advantage of loading your application on-the-fly without creating subdirs of the tomcat distribution. Are you using some sort of IDE for this (which might be screwing up the classpath)? Is BookActoin.java.. in your file list just a typing error, or is it really called that? (That would do it!!) HM -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 11:11 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res
RE: Newbie to struts
Got it sorted - u were right Howard, had nothing to do with struts.jar. I added the path to the classes directory to the javac command and it compiled ok...not the way to go though! Thanks for all your help Angie From: Howard Miller [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 11:28:21 +0100 Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seems that the compiler is not finding class Book, which is (supposed to be) in the same default package as BookAction? Therefore the problem has nothing to do with struts.jar. A couple of observations... Don't use default packages with servlets and suchlike. You get away with it for a while but then weird things start happening - I found out the hard way!! Strongly recommend looking at Tomcat/ant source setup. This has the advantage of loading your application on-the-fly without creating subdirs of the tomcat distribution. Are you using some sort of IDE for this (which might be screwing up the classpath)? Is BookActoin.java.. in your file list just a typing error, or is it really called that? (That would do it!!) HM -Original Message- From: angela mcgrenra [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 17 September 2002 11:11 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Newbie to struts OKAY I have a dir structure as follows C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\BookView.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\CreateBook.jsp C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\Book.java C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes\BookActoin.j ava Code for BookView.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ title bean:message key=index.title/ /title /head bodyAngela's test page/body html:form action=createBook method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /html:html Code for CreateBook.jsp is: %@ page language=java % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld prefix=bean % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld prefix=html % %@ taglib uri=/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld prefix=logic % html:html locale=true head html:base/ titlebean:message key=index.title//title /head body bgcolor=white h2Create a book/h2 html:errors/ html:form action=createBook.do method=GET Title:html:text property=title / br/ html:submit property=submit/ /html:form /body /html:html IN C:\java\jakarta-tomcat-3.3.1\webapps\strutsShop\WEB-INF\classes I have Book.java (compiles into class file fine) Code is : import java.util.Vector; public class Book { private String title = ; private Vector authors = new Vector(); private int pages = 0; /** Standard constructor. */ public Book() { } /** @param title The new Title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** @return The title. */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** @param pages The new number of pages. */ public void setPages(int pages) { this.pages = pages; } /** @return The number of pages. */ public int getPages() { return this.pages; } /** We don't want to work with the Vector here, as it is only a reference we would get! @param author Add another author */ public void addAuthor(String author) { this.authors.add(author); } /** Pay attention not to use the wrong number. @param position The number of the author to remove. */ public void removeAuthor(int position) { this.authors.remove(position); } /** @return The number of authors the book has. */ public int getNumberOfAuthors() { return this.authors.size(); } } Code for BookAction.java is: import javax.servlet.http.*; import org.apache.struts.action.*; /* The action for the creation of a book. @author [EMAIL PROTECTED] */ public final class BookAction extends Action { /** @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request (if any) @param req The non-HTTP request we are processing @param res The non-HTTP response we are creating @return Return an ActionForward instance describing where and how control should be forwarded, or null if the response has already been completed. */ public ActionForward perform(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res
Re: newbie to struts - confirm hierachy( packages - webapps)!!
I decided to NOT use the Struts.jar, but instead use the Struts source files, and then add my own directories below the classes directory for that particular web app. That way I could tweak Struts and have a better way of replacing updates to the classes. My setup is like this: 1) Struts framework - /struts/org/apache/struts etc... with my classpath pointing to /struts 2) My framework - /vnu/com/vnu/ etc... with my classpath pointing to /vnu 3) My classes for the particular web app - WEB-INF/classes/com/mywebapp/actions WEB-INF/classes/com/mywebapp/forms WEB-INF/classes/com/mywebapp/globals WEB-INF/classes/com/mywebapp/models WEB-INF/classes/com/mywebapp/taglib with the classpath pointing to WEB-INF/classes - Original Message - From: Chuck Amadi To: Craig R. McClanahan ; Petr Jiricka Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2001 5:31 AM Subject: newbie to struts - confirm hierachy( packages - webapps)!! Hi, i have constructed a web app within my file system as follows:- C:\jakarta-tomcat-3.2.1\webapps\struts-bbnpa\WEB-INF\classes\logon\LogonForm.java The struts-bbnpa is were im placing all my work. thus the examples custom and logon packages are beneath my classes directory. Thus is this the correct procedure as im about to venture into JDBC Project (Postgresql) and im not sure weather the packages are one level above \WEB-INF dir. Any suggestions and confirmation extremely welcomed. Cheers inadvance. Chuck (Graduate Systems Programmer) -- The views expressed by the sender of this message don't necessarily represent those of Brecon Beacons National Park Authority. This message is intended for the addressee(s) only and is sent in confidence; if you receive it in error, please can you let us know (at [EMAIL PROTECTED]) and then destroy all copies. Nid yw'r farn a fynegir gan anfonwr y neges hon o anghenraid yn adlewyrchu barn Awdurdod Parc Cenedlaethol Bannau Brycheiniog. Neges yw hon a fwriadwyd ar gyfer y derbynnydd/derbynyddion yn unig ac fe'i hanfonir yn gyfrinachol; os ydych yn ei dderbyn mewn camgymeriad, a fyddech gystal â rhoi gwybod i ni (yn [EMAIL PROTECTED]) ac yna dilëwch bob copi.
Re: newbie to struts - confirm hierachy( packages - webapps)!!
Some people like to keep the source Java files at a separate location, and then have Ant copy them over to the classes directory, but mixing the class and java files in the same folder works too. Personally, when using a package hierarchy for my classes, I tend to just name things .\logon\Form.java But, yes you should either put your packages class files below the classes directory, or in a JAR in the lib folder. For development at least, you probably just want to put them under classes. We put these under the WEB-INF folder so that they cannot be directly accessed by a client program (e.g. Web browser), only by the application. Chuck Amadi wrote: Hi, i have constructed a web app within my file system as follows:- C:\jakarta-tomcat-3.2.1\webapps\struts-bbnpa\WEB-INF\classes\logon\LogonForm.java The struts-bbnpa is were im placing all my work. thus the examples custom and logon packages are beneath my classes directory. Thus is this the correct procedure as im about to venture into JDBC Project (Postgresql) and im not sure weather the packages are one level above \WEB-INF dir. Any suggestions and confirmation extremely welcomed. Cheers inadvance. Chuck (Graduate Systems Programmer) --
Re: newbie to struts - confirm hierachy( packages - webapps)!!
jeez. You are up early! - Original Message - From: Ted Husted [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2001 6:30 AM Subject: Re: newbie to struts - confirm hierachy( packages - webapps)!! Some people like to keep the source Java files at a separate location, and then have Ant copy them over to the classes directory, but mixing the class and java files in the same folder works too. Personally, when using a package hierarchy for my classes, I tend to just name things .\logon\Form.java But, yes you should either put your packages class files below the classes directory, or in a JAR in the lib folder. For development at least, you probably just want to put them under classes. We put these under the WEB-INF folder so that they cannot be directly accessed by a client program (e.g. Web browser), only by the application. Chuck Amadi wrote: Hi, i have constructed a web app within my file system as follows:- C:\jakarta-tomcat-3.2.1\webapps\struts-bbnpa\WEB-INF\classes\logon\LogonForm .java The struts-bbnpa is were im placing all my work. thus the examples custom and logon packages are beneath my classes directory. Thus is this the correct procedure as im about to venture into JDBC Project (Postgresql) and im not sure weather the packages are one level above \WEB-INF dir. Any suggestions and confirmation extremely welcomed. Cheers inadvance. Chuck (Graduate Systems Programmer) --
Re: Newbie to struts - jdbc/dbtags
Hi Ted , it did thanks. Ted Husted wrote: You can configure Postgresql in the struts-config.xml, and then use the same datasource with the Jakarta Taglibs JDBC. Works like a charm. Struts uses org.apache.struts.action.DATA_SOURCE as the datasource identifier (see Action.java). kuma.cra wrote: Hi, im a newbie to struts basically applying the examples and reading the documentation (mvc). I am about to connect a psql datasource (Postgresql, luinx OS) database to a struts mvc utilizing a database URL . Thus is there a ActionForm example and what level if i have to create a ActionForm class i.e /WEB-INF/classes/custom/ActionForm or can i create a package above WEB-INF as at the moment i am creating/modifying examples from the taglib's and packaging them under mt Struts-bbnpa (my re-named struts app's. -- Ted Husted, Husted dot Com, Fairport NY USA. -- Custom Software ~ Technical Services. -- Tel 716 737-3463. -- http://www.husted.com/about/struts/
Re: Newbie to struts - jdbc/dbtags
Hi, im a newbie to struts basically applying the examples and reading the documentation (mvc). I am about to connect a psql datasource (Postgresql, luinx OS) database to a struts mvc utilizing a database URL . Thus is there a ActionForm example and what level if i have to create a ActionForm class i.e /WEB-INF/classes/custom/ActionForm or can i create a package above WEB-INF as at the moment i am creating/modifying examples from the taglib's and packaging them under mt Struts-bbnpa (my re-named struts app's.
Re: Newbie to struts - jdbc/dbtags
You can configure Postgresql in the struts-config.xml, and then use the same datasource with the Jakarta Taglibs JDBC. Works like a charm. Struts uses org.apache.struts.action.DATA_SOURCE as the datasource identifier (see Action.java). kuma.cra wrote: Hi, im a newbie to struts basically applying the examples and reading the documentation (mvc). I am about to connect a psql datasource (Postgresql, luinx OS) database to a struts mvc utilizing a database URL . Thus is there a ActionForm example and what level if i have to create a ActionForm class i.e /WEB-INF/classes/custom/ActionForm or can i create a package above WEB-INF as at the moment i am creating/modifying examples from the taglib's and packaging them under mt Struts-bbnpa (my re-named struts app's. -- Ted Husted, Husted dot Com, Fairport NY USA. -- Custom Software ~ Technical Services. -- Tel 716 737-3463. -- http://www.husted.com/about/struts/
Re: Newbie to Struts
Standard JSP tags behave the same way in a Struts application as they do in any other web application. You might want to check a general JSP resource, such as the JSP-INTEREST archives at: http://archives.java.sun.com/archives/jsp-interest.html Hope this helps. -- Martin Cooper Tumbleweed Communications - Original Message - From: "JeanX" [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: "struts-user" [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, February 26, 2001 10:13 PM Subject: Newbie to Struts Hi struts-user, Can anybody tell me how to use jsp:include tag in a application under struts framework. I was puzzled this problem for a dog's age. Thx a lot. :=) Best regards, JeanX pacificnet.com(GZ)