Re: [Tutor] input string to own console stdin
On 15/11/17 22:16, Eddio 0141 wrote: > Hi. > I've been searching on google about inputting to own stdin and press enter > but so far i haven't found anything at all. You need to give us a bit more context. This doesn't look like standard library stuff so which package are you using? (Is that what chatterbot is?) Also without seeing the code that doesn't work we can only make wild guesses about whats going wrong. One thing to consider is that if (as I assume) you are trying to talk to another process from Python you need to be sending your data on stdout for it to be read on the other process' stdin. You will also need to ensure that Pipes are switched on in subprocess and that your execution environment is piping your stdout to their stdin. eg you start chatterbot with something like: $ python myscript.py|chatterbot or $ chatterbot < python myscript.py But show us your code, it will make life easier for all of us. > i have tried this > [ > https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8475290/how-do-i-write-to-a-python-subprocess-stdin > ] > but even it doesn't give me an syntax error, it did absolutely nothing. See, even that question doesn't make sense, since you *read* from stdin not write to it. It sounds like a fundamental concepts kind of thing... -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input Files
niyanax...@gmail.com wrote:
> How do I know write the loop code for the table for both inputfiles,
> Table1.txt and Table2.txt and make a third table from the elements
> multiplied in table1.txt and table2.txt. I'm trying to Check the size of
> the two tables to make sure they both have the same number of rows and
> columns o If the tables are not the same size print an error message
> Once you have read the data from each file create a third table The
> elements in the third table are the result of multiplying each element in
> the first table by the corresponding element in the second table:
> thirdTable [i] [j] = firstTable[i] [j] * secondTable[i] [j
>
>
> Here is my code so far:
> def main():
[snip]
Did you write this code yourself? I'm asking because
> for i in range(row):
> for j in range (column):
> table[i] [j] = int(table[i] [j]) # convert the string to
> an integer print(" %3d" % (table[i] [j]), end = " ")
the snippet above already loops over a single table. Assuming you have three
tables called table1, table2, and table3 you can replace the
> table[i] [j] = int(table[i] [j])
part with
table3[i][j] = table2[i][j] * table3[i][j]
As you see all values in table3 are overwritten and thus don't matter.
Therefore you can cheat and instead of building it from scratch with two
for-loops just read "Table 2.txt" a second time.
>def main():
>print("Table One")
>(row1, column1, table1) = readInput("Table 1.txt")
>print("Table Two")
>(row2, column2, table2) = readInput("Table 2.txt")
# add code to compare row1 with row2 and column1 with column2 here
(row3, column3, table3) = readInput("Table 2.txt") # sic!
# add the table multiplication code here
This is not idiomatic Python, but once you have the script working in that
basic form we can show you how to improve it with some of the cool features
Python has to offer.
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Re: [Tutor] input python 3.3
Ian D Wrote in message: > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > When making an amendment to a post, please reply to that post; don't start a new thread, especially with a new subject. And please post in text, not html. Others have answered your question, but I wanted to point out that in 2.x, the program really has no idea what type of value will be returned to input (). Could easily be float, int, tuple, list, Nonetype, or thousands of other things, including many exceptions. With 3.x it's a string, and the programmer remains in control. -- DaveA ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input python 3.3
On 04/02/14 09:01, Ian D wrote: I used to use 2.7 and the input was pretty when inputting a numeric value, it would just get cast to an int. Just to be picky it would get converted to an int not cast as an int. casting and converting are two very different things. casting means treat a bit pattern in memory as if it is a particular type regardless of how that bit pattern got there. Converting to a type changes the bit pattern to give a value that is in some way related to the original's meaning. To give a simple example of the difference: var = '2' # the character two castVar = ord(2)# treat the character as an int convVar = int(var) # convert '2' to 2 casting is often done in C/C++ because it is common to return a pointer to a piece of data and the programmer has to tell the compiler how to treat that data. It looks like a conversion so casting is often mistaken for conversion. But they are not the same. (And C++ confused the issue further by introducing "dynamic casts" which often are conversions!) Sorry to be picky but failing to understand the difference has caused many a bug in C programs and I've suffered enough pain to be sensitive! :-) Seems a backwards step unless (and am sure this is the case)it is beneficial in so many other ways? Peter has explained why the v2 Python input() was a bad idea. Explicit conversion is much safer. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input python 3.3
Ian D wrote:
> Hello
>
> I used to use 2.7 and the input was pretty when inputting a numeric value,
> it would just get cast to an int.
>
> Seems that 3.3 I have to cast each input so :
> float(num1 = input("Enter a number")
You mean
num1 = float(input("Enter a number"))
> Is this just they way it is now? Is there a way to get back to just
> typing:
> num1 = input("Enter a number ")
> in python 33.
>
> Seems a backwards step unless (and am sure this is the case)it is
> beneficial in so many other ways?
input() in Python 2 did not just recognize numbers, it allowed you to
evaluate an arbitrary Python expression. For example:
$ touch important_file
$ ls
important_file
$ python
Python 2.7.2+ (default, Jul 20 2012, 22:15:08)
[GCC 4.6.1] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> input("Enter a number: ")
Enter a number: __import__("os").remove("important_file")
>>>
$ ls
Oops, the file is gone. I'm sure you can see why this is dangerous.
Therefore the recommendation for Python 2 is to use raw_input() instead of
input() -- and for Python 3 raw_input() was renamed to the more obvious
input().
You can get the old input() behaviour with
num1 = eval(input(...))
which is still dangerous, but makes the risk more obvious.
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Re: [Tutor] input loop
On 01/09/13 22:53, Nick Wilson wrote: Enter command: print -- Code Price Quant Value -- The bit above needs to be printed once, at the start TPW 2.00 5 10.00 This bit needs to be repeated for each share type -- Total cost: 10.00 == And this bit needs to be printed once at the end after doing the calculations. **(This is all even when displayed in Wing101) That will depend on fonts used etc. If you really need it aligned neatly I recommend using html and displaying it in a browser, but its a lot more work that way! PROMPT_FOR_COMMAND = 'Enter command: ' PROMPT_FOR_CODE = 'Enter share code to add: ' PROMPT_FOR_PRICE = 'Enter share price: ' PROMPT_FOR_QUANTITY = 'Enter share quantity: ' Were you ever a COBOL programmer by any chance? def main(): """This is the main function for the program, ie, this function is called first when the program is run""" There is nothing in Python that will run this first. You need to call it explicitly. This is often done inside a name test clause: if __name__ == "__main__": main() command = input(PROMPT_FOR_COMMAND).lower() if command == 'add': return portfolio.append(process_add_code(portfolio)) Are you sure you want to return here? That will terminate the main function without saving portfolio. You may want to create a menu system where you repeatedly ask for input until quit is selected. if command == "print" and len(portfolio) <= 1: print_portfolio_table(portfolio) return main() if command == "quit": print(MESSAGE_GOODBYE) HTH -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input loop
On 1/9/2013 17:53, Nick Wilson wrote: > Hi, Welcome. Please start over with a text message. Your html email is useless to me, and probably most people on this newsgroup. 5 10.00--Total cost: 10.00==**(This is all even when displayed in Wing101)So thats all fine, but I'm wanting muiltiple more rows printed underneath with other shares and their prices etc. Getting stuck on that, I know i'll need a for loop to iterate over the input but still wanting to get some help.here's the rest of the code so far.PROMPT_FOR_COMMAND = 'Enter command: 'PROMPT_FOR_CODE = 'Enter share code to add: 'PROMPT_FOR_PRICE = 'Enter share price: -- DaveA ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input into lists?
Hey Dave, you're right. I worked through this with a for loop and set the
contents of a dict's key as the input.
Thanks!
Leam
On Thu, Aug 15, 2013 at 8:28 PM, Dave Angel wrote:
> leam hall wrote:
>
> > I'm trying to take input from a file (CSV spreadsheet) and use the first
> > line inputs (header) as the names of lists. So far I'm not successful.
> :)
> >
> > How do I take line_list[0], the result of "line.split(',')" and use it as
> > the name of a list? Does that make sense?
> >
>
> No, it doesn't make sense. You're trying to define a variable that has
> a name determined not by your source, but by a name in line 0 of the csv
> file. How then are you going to use that variable?
>
> There are two possibilities: Either you actually know those names and
> are using them in your code, or the names won't be known till runtime.
>
> If the latter, then make a dictionary of lists,
>
> mydict = {}
> for item in line_list:
> mydict[item] = []
>
> and then populate those lists from each line of the file.
>
> Now, if you're sure you know what the names are to be, then:
>
> names = mydict["name"]
> addresses = mydict["address"]
>
> or whatever.
>
>
>
>
> --
> DaveA
>
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
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Mind on a Mission
Re: [Tutor] Input into lists?
leam hall wrote:
> I'm trying to take input from a file (CSV spreadsheet) and use the first
> line inputs (header) as the names of lists. So far I'm not successful. :)
>
> How do I take line_list[0], the result of "line.split(',')" and use it as
> the name of a list? Does that make sense?
>
No, it doesn't make sense. You're trying to define a variable that has
a name determined not by your source, but by a name in line 0 of the csv
file. How then are you going to use that variable?
There are two possibilities: Either you actually know those names and
are using them in your code, or the names won't be known till runtime.
If the latter, then make a dictionary of lists,
mydict = {}
for item in line_list:
mydict[item] = []
and then populate those lists from each line of the file.
Now, if you're sure you know what the names are to be, then:
names = mydict["name"]
addresses = mydict["address"]
or whatever.
--
DaveA
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Re: [Tutor] Input into lists?
On 13/08/13 16:46, leam hall wrote: I'm trying to take input from a file (CSV spreadsheet) and use the first line inputs (header) as the names of lists. So far I'm not successful. :) Have you tried the csv module? Usually you use a dictionary keyed by the first line values though. But i#'m sure you could tweak it to generate separate lists if thats really what you need. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
Thanks for everything. I'll keep this in mind as I continue coding.___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On Tue, Sep 18, 2012 at 1:23 PM, Scott Yamamoto
wrote:
>
> 1) expect: raw_input to assign the variable to ""
> 2)No output to stderr; has a loading symbol after hitting enter without input
> (tried both input and raw_input)
> Doesn't affect active interpreter. Only affects the screen with the run
> option.
> 3)
Except for a bug your code worked for me in Python 2.7.3.
> def simulation():
> import random
> from random import randrange
> from time import sleep
You're not using randrange, plus you should move the imports to the
top of your module.
> gender = raw_input("Gender: male/female \n")
> if gender != "male" or "female":
> gender = "male"
This is the bug. You have the test expression "expr1 or expr2" where
expr1 is "gender != male" and expr2 is "female". A non-empty string is
always True by definition, so your test amounts to "expr1 or True",
which means the "if" block always executes.
> Mlist = ["Jacob", "Mason", "William", ...]
> Flist = ["Sophia", "Isabella", "Emma", ...]
> Llist = ["Smith", "Johnson", "Williams", ...]
Consider moving these lists out of the function. They can all go
nicely in a dict, which you can set as a default argument.
> username = raw_input("Input your full name: \n")
> if username == "":
> if gender == "male":
> username = random.choice(Mlist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
> else:
> username = random.choice(Flist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
Using a dict for the names eliminates the need to test gender here. For example:
import random
import time
names = {
"male": [
"Jacob", "Mason", "William", "Jayden", "Noah", "Michael",
"Ethan", "Alexander", "Aiden", "Daniel", "Anthony",
"Matthew", "Elijah", "Joshua", "Liam", "Andrew", "James",
"David", "Benjamin", "Logan",
],
"female": [
"Sophia", "Isabella", "Emma", "Olivia", "Ava", "Emily",
"Abigail", "Madison", "Mia", "Chloe", "Elizabeth", "Ella",
"Addison", "Natalie", "Lily", "Grace", "Samantha", "Avery",
"Sofia", "Aubrey",
],
"last": [
"Smith", "Johnson", "Williams", "Jones", "Brown", "Pavis",
"Miller", "Wilson", "Moore", "Taylor", "Anderson", "Thomas",
"Jackson", "White", "Harris", "Martin", "Thompson", "Garcia",
"Martinez", "Robinson",
],
}
def simulation(names=names):
print "Welcome to The World."
time.sleep(1)
print "Now Loading..."
time.sleep(1.5)
# Intro page
gender = raw_input("\nGender [male|female]:\n").strip()
if gender not in ("male", "female"):
gender = "male"
username = raw_input("Input your full name:\n")
if not username:
username = " ".join(
random.choice(n) for n in (names[gender], names["last"]))
print "\nUsername: %s. Gender: %s." % (username, gender)
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
0) using mobile yahoo mail
1) expect: raw_input to assign the variable to ""
2)No output to stderr; has a loading symbol after hitting enter without input
(tried both input and raw_input)
Doesn't affect active interpreter. Only affects the screen with the run
option.
3)
def simulation():
import random
from random import randrange
from time import sleep
print "Welcome to The World."
sleep(1)
print "Now Loading..."
sleep(1.5)
#Intro page
print
gender = raw_input("Gender: male/female \n")
if gender != "male" or "female":
gender = "male"
Mlist = ["Jacob", "Mason", "William", "Jayden", "Noah", "Michael", "Ethan",
"Alexander", "Aiden", "Daniel", "Anthony", "Matthew", "Elijah", "Joshua",
"Liam", "Andrew", "James", "David", "Benjamin", "Logan"]
Flist = ["Sophia", "Isabella", "Emma", "Olivia", "Ava", "Emily", "Abigail",
"Madison", "Mia", "Chloe", "Elizabeth", "Ella", "Addison", "Natalie", "Lily",
"Grace", "Samantha", "Avery", "Sofia", "Aubrey"]
Llist = ["Smith", "Johnson", "Williams", "Jones", "Brown", "Pavis", "Miller",
"Wilson", "Moore", "Taylor", "Anderson", "Thomas", "Jackson", "White",
"Harris", "Martin", "Thompson", "Garcia", "Martinez", "Robinson"]
username = raw_input("Input your full name: \n")
if username == "":
if gender == "male":
username = random.choice(Mlist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
else:
username = random.choice(Flist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
print
print "Username: %s. Gender: %s." % (username,gender)
simulation()___
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On Sep 18, 2012 10:02 AM, "Oscar Benjamin" wrote: > > > On Sep 18, 2012 7:14 AM, "Steven D'Aprano" wrote: > > Apologies for gmail screwing up your name. I wish I could use mutt on this machine. Oscar ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On Sep 18, 2012 7:14 AM, "Steven D'Aprano" wrote: > > On Tue, Sep 18, 2012 at 12:04:22AM -0400, Dave Angel wrote: > > Somehow you managed to put your other message in its own thread, instead > > of adding to this one. > > Not all mail clients support threading, either when receiving or > sending. > > But my mail client, mutt, shows Scott's emails threaded correctly. > Perhaps your mail client is broken? What are you using? Mutt goes above and beyond a correct implementation of threading by using heuristics to fix broken threads. I know it parses the subject line but I'm not sure what else it uses. The upshot is that if you use mutt you won't see the same thing that would be shown in a client that has a strict interpretation of threading (unless you disable the heuristics in your muttrc). Oscar ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On 09/18/2012 02:12 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Tue, Sep 18, 2012 at 12:04:22AM -0400, Dave Angel wrote:
>> On 09/17/2012 11:11 PM, Scott Yamamoto wrote:
>>> I've been trying to find possible erros with input(such as NameError or
>>> SyntaxError) to handle them with an except clause. however, I've found
>>> that hitting enter/return while prompted without inputting creates some
>>> kind of problem.
>> username = raw_input("Input a username: ")
>>> Input a username: #hits enter, encounter problem here. Loops forever or
>>> something
>>>
>>> Using python for ios
>>>
>> Somehow you managed to put your other message in its own thread, instead
>> of adding to this one.
> Not all mail clients support threading, either when receiving or
> sending.
>
> But my mail client, mutt, shows Scott's emails threaded correctly.
> Perhaps your mail client is broken? What are you using?
>
>
I'm using Thunderbird 14 on Linux, and I'd love help in diagnosing why
some messages get properly threaded, and some do not. For example, I've
seen several of your replies (not a very big fraction) apparently start
new threads. And I've seen many other messages which didn't get in the
proper place in the thread, appearing at the same level as the message
they were replies to.
I will be upgrading to latest Thunderbird, but I'm planning on
installing a new Linux on a new hard disk, and haven't really gotten
started yet.
>> What version of Python are you running? If it's 2.x, and if you're
>> using input(),
> Given that the OP clearly shows
>
> username = raw_input("Input a username: ")
>
> I think that we can safely assume that he is not using 2.x's input :)
>
His first message showed one line, typed in the interpreter, with no
clear statement of environment or problem. However, the statement did
mention the input function. I'd have disbelieved it except that...
His second message specifically changes to input. Here it is again, for
our confusion:
"""Didnt show up at first. Result was an eof error (using input not raw_input)
Found with interactive interpreter
"""
I would have been replying to that one, except that it apparently
started a new thread, as did his third message. That third one went
back to using raw_input, but it was a reply to my message stating the
hazards of input on Python 2.x
--
DaveA
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On Mon, Sep 17, 2012 at 09:19:41PM -0700, Scott Yamamoto wrote:
> 2.7.2 on python for ios(platform is darwin)
> problem reoccured
What problem? Your code works for me.
Please describe:
1) what you expect to happen
2) what actually happens
3) if there is a traceback, COPY AND PASTE the ENTIRE traceback, do not
summarise or abbreviate it.
> Script:
>
> import random
> username = ""
> def playername():
> global username
> Mlist = ["name1","name2","name3"]
> Flist = ["name4","name5", "name6"]
> Llist = ["Lname1","Lname2","Lname3"]
> username = raw_input("input your desired username: ")
> if username == "":
> username = random.choice(Mlist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
> playername()
> Doesnt return the error during run
> Attempting implementation of try results in indentation errors in later lines
That's because your attempt to implement try is broken.
But why are you using a try? If your function has a bug, FIX THE BUG,
don't just cover it up with a try...except.
--
Steven
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On Tue, Sep 18, 2012 at 12:04:22AM -0400, Dave Angel wrote:
> On 09/17/2012 11:11 PM, Scott Yamamoto wrote:
> > I've been trying to find possible erros with input(such as NameError or
> > SyntaxError) to handle them with an except clause. however, I've found
> > that hitting enter/return while prompted without inputting creates some
> > kind of problem.
> username = raw_input("Input a username: ")
> > Input a username: #hits enter, encounter problem here. Loops forever or
> > something
> >
> > Using python for ios
> >
>
> Somehow you managed to put your other message in its own thread, instead
> of adding to this one.
Not all mail clients support threading, either when receiving or
sending.
But my mail client, mutt, shows Scott's emails threaded correctly.
Perhaps your mail client is broken? What are you using?
> What version of Python are you running? If it's 2.x, and if you're
> using input(),
Given that the OP clearly shows
username = raw_input("Input a username: ")
I think that we can safely assume that he is not using 2.x's input :)
--
Steven
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
2.7.2 on python for ios(platform is darwin)
problem reoccured
Script:
import random
username = ""
def playername():
global username
Mlist = ["name1","name2","name3"]
Flist = ["name4","name5", "name6"]
Llist = ["Lname1","Lname2","Lname3"]
username = raw_input("input your desired username: ")
if username == "":
username = random.choice(Mlist) + " " + random.choice(Llist)
playername()
Doesnt return the error during run
Attempting implementation of try results in indentation errors in later lines___
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
On 09/17/2012 11:11 PM, Scott Yamamoto wrote:
> I've been trying to find possible erros with input(such as NameError or
> SyntaxError) to handle them with an except clause. however, I've found
> that hitting enter/return while prompted without inputting creates some kind
> of problem.
username = raw_input("Input a username: ")
> Input a username: #hits enter, encounter problem here. Loops forever or
> something
>
> Using python for ios
>
Somehow you managed to put your other message in its own thread, instead
of adding to this one.
What version of Python are you running? If it's 2.x, and if you're
using input(), then you're doing a (hazardous) eval on whatever the user
types. So if the user doesn't type a valid expression, or if that
expression doesn't evaluate to a number, you'll get some exception.
Clearly, you want raw_input(), which is looking for a string, and
doesn't mind empty strings from the user.
It would be useful (in the future) if you clearly stated what version of
Python you're using, what exactly was included in your script, and what
exception you got, with full traceback. Much more useful to diagnose
than a vague - "some kind of problem."
--
DaveA
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Re: [Tutor] Input handling?
Didnt show up at first. Result was an eof error (using input not raw_input) Found with interactive interpreter___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
Have a look at the Windows/Unix/Linux solution posted in the ActiveState
Python Recipes, (a fantastic resource),
here<http://code.activestate.com/recipes/134892/> -
a bit long winded maybe but it works fine under Linux and Windows for me.
It's pretty much based on the standard docs solution as already mentioned
for Linux/Unix. It use the tty and termios modules in Unix/Linux and the msvcrt
module in Windows, again, as already mentioned.
BgEddy
On 1 October 2011 11:00, wrote:
> Send Tutor mailing list submissions to
>tutor@python.org
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> Today's Topics:
>
> 1. Re: Input (Steven D'Aprano)
> 2. Re: guess age programme (please help) (Steven D'Aprano)
> 3. fake defrag revisited (R. Alan Monroe)
> 4. Re: guess age programme (please help) (Alan Gauld)
>
>
> ------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Sat, 01 Oct 2011 12:36:57 +1000
> From: Steven D'Aprano
> To: tutor@python.org
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] Input
> Message-ID: <4e867cc9.3050...@pearwood.info>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
>
> Cameron Macleod wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > When you type
> >
> > Input("\n\nPress The Enter Key To Exit")
> >
> > it forces you to press the enter key to close the program. Why is it the
> > enter key instead of e.g. the 'esc' key?
>
> Because the convention is that you use the Enter key to ENTER
> information. That's why it is called Enter.
>
> Your question is kind of like asking "Why do you use a screw driver for
> driving screws, instead of a socket wrench?"
>
> In all terminals I know of, the user's input is collected in a buffer
> until the Enter key is pressed. Until then, what the user types isn't
> available to the caller. This is how raw_input (Python 2) and input
> (Python 3) work.
>
> If you want to read the user's input character by character, as they are
> typed, it is actually quite tricky, but it can be done. You can install
> a full-blown GUI tool kit, like wxPython or Tkinter, and use that. Or
> you can use the curses module, which is a bit lighter than Tkinter but
> still pretty heavyweight. For Linux, there's a FAQ:
>
>
> http://docs.python.org/faq/library.html#how-do-i-get-a-single-keypress-at-a-time
>
> On Windows, you can use msvcrt.getch().
>
>
> --
> Steven
>
>
> --
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Sat, 01 Oct 2011 14:13:43 +1000
> From: Steven D'Aprano
> To: tutor@python.org
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] guess age programme (please help)
> Message-ID: <4e869377.5030...@pearwood.info>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
>
> Hi Adrian,
>
> ADRIAN KELLY wrote:
> > Hi all,
> > can anyone help me with the attached programme.
>
> I'd love to, but I can't open it :(
>
> If the truth be known, I could open it if I spent the time and effort.
> But that actually is significant time and effort: in my email, your
> attachment looks like this:
>
> Content-Type: application/octet-stream
> Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
> Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="guess age_game(broken)"
>
>
> DQpwcmludCgiXHRXZWxjb21lIHRvICdHdWVzcyBNeSBOdW1iZXInISIpDQpwcmludCgiSSdtIHRo
>
> aW5raW5nIG9mIGEgbnVtYmVyIGJldHdlZW4gMSBhbmQgMTAwLiIpDQpwcmludCgiVHJ5IHRvIGd1
>
> ZXNzIGl0IGluIGFzIGZldyBhdHRlbXB0cyBhcyBwb3NzaWJsZS5cbiIpDQoNCiMgc2V0IHRoZSBp
>
> bml0aWFsIHZhbHVlcw0KYWdlID0gMzUNCmd1ZXNzID0gIiAiDQp0cmllcyA9IDUNCg0KIyBndWVz
>
> c2luZyBsb29wDQp3aGlsZSBndWVzcyAhPSBhZ2U6DQogICAgDQogICAgZ3Vlc3MgPSBpbnB1dCgi
>
> VGFrZSBhIGd1ZXNzOiAiKQ0KICAgIGlmIGd1ZXNzID4gYWdlOg0KICAgICAgICBwcmludCAiTG93
>
> ZXIuLi4iLHRyaWVzLCJsZWZ0Ig0KICAgIGVsc2U6DQogICAgICAgIHByaW50ICJIaWdoZXIuLi4i
>
> LHRyaWVzLCJsZWZ0Ig0KICAgICAgICAgICAgDQogICAgdHJpZXM9dHJpZXMtMQ0KICAgDQoNCnBy
>
> aW50ICJcblxuWW91IGd1ZXNzZWQgaXQhICBUaGUgYWdlIHdhcyIsIGFnZSwiaXQgb25seSB0b29r
>
> IHlvdSAiK2B0cmllc2ArIiBhdHRlbXB0cyB0byBnZXQgaXQiDQoNCiAgDQppbnB1dCAoIlxuXG5Q
> cmVzcyB0aGUgZW50ZXIga2V5IHRvIGV4aXQuIikNCg==
>
>
> I hope you understand why I don't care enough to go to the time and
> effort of saving it to a file, decoding it,
Re: [Tutor] Input
Cameron Macleod wrote:
Hi,
When you type
Input("\n\nPress The Enter Key To Exit")
it forces you to press the enter key to close the program. Why is it the
enter key instead of e.g. the 'esc' key?
Because the convention is that you use the Enter key to ENTER
information. That's why it is called Enter.
Your question is kind of like asking "Why do you use a screw driver for
driving screws, instead of a socket wrench?"
In all terminals I know of, the user's input is collected in a buffer
until the Enter key is pressed. Until then, what the user types isn't
available to the caller. This is how raw_input (Python 2) and input
(Python 3) work.
If you want to read the user's input character by character, as they are
typed, it is actually quite tricky, but it can be done. You can install
a full-blown GUI tool kit, like wxPython or Tkinter, and use that. Or
you can use the curses module, which is a bit lighter than Tkinter but
still pretty heavyweight. For Linux, there's a FAQ:
http://docs.python.org/faq/library.html#how-do-i-get-a-single-keypress-at-a-time
On Windows, you can use msvcrt.getch().
--
Steven
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Re: [Tutor] Input
You could also use something like pygame to wait and test for keypresses Bodsda (Top post is phone limitation, sorry) Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device -Original Message- From: Mark Lybrand Sender: tutor-bounces+bodsda=googlemail@python.org Date: Fri, 30 Sep 2011 13:27:27 To: Cc: Subject: Re: [Tutor] Input ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
There is apparently a livewires package that may be of someuse.
On Sep 30, 2011 1:25 PM, "Dave Angel" wrote:
> On 09/30/2011 03:24 PM, Cameron Macleod wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> When you type
>>
>> Input("\n\nPress The Enter Key To Exit")
>>
>> it forces you to press the enter key to close the program. Why is it the
>> enter key instead of e.g. the 'esc' key?
>>
>>
>
> The input() function (not the Input()) function accepts a line of text
> from the user. That line is terminated by a newline, generated by the
> enter key.
>
> If you're trying to just wait for an "any-key", I don't know of any
> portable way to do it. There is a way in Windows, however.
>
>
>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
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Re: [Tutor] Input
On 09/30/2011 03:24 PM, Cameron Macleod wrote:
Hi,
When you type
Input("\n\nPress The Enter Key To Exit")
it forces you to press the enter key to close the program. Why is it the
enter key instead of e.g. the 'esc' key?
The input() function (not the Input()) function accepts a line of text
from the user. That line is terminated by a newline, generated by the
enter key.
If you're trying to just wait for an "any-key", I don't know of any
portable way to do it. There is a way in Windows, however.
--
DaveA
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Re: [Tutor] input and raw input
you can use an re split...
import re
a=raw_input("Enter the number of your class in the school:")
regex = re.compile("[ ,]") #sets the delimeters to a single space or comma
m = regex.split(a)
if you want to use any white space character than you can use "[\s,]"
2010/9/23 Ahmed AL-Masri
> Hi,
> any one have an idea about how we can input many number in the one time and
> change it to list.
> for example:
>
> a=input("Enter the number of your class in the school:") # the number
> can be enter as: 12,13,14 or 12 13 14 with a space in between.
>
> now how I can put these numbers into list like b=[12,13,14] with len( a )
> =3
>
> I tried with that but it's working only for a numbers less than 10 ex.
> 1,2,3 or 1 2 3 but it's not when I go for numbers higher than 10 like in
> example above.
>
> a=raw_input("Enter the number of your class in the school:")
> m=[]
> for I range (len( a)):
> if a[I]==',':
> pass
> elif a[I]==' ':
> pass
> else:
> m.append(a[I])
> m=map(float,m)
> print m;print len( m )
> >> [1,2,3]
> >> 3
>
> looking forward to seeing your help,
> regards,
> Ahmed
>
>
>
>
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Re: [Tutor] input and raw input
Brian Jones wrote:
> No need for the 're' module. Even in the case where both can be used
> together, you can still just use string methods:
>
s
> '12, 13 14'
s.replace(',', '').split(' ')
> ['12', '13', '14']
I think to replace "," with " " and then split() without explicit separator
is slightly more robust. Compare:
>>> s = "12,34, 56 789"
>>> s.replace(",", " ").split()
['12', '34', '56', '789']
>>> s.replace(",", "").split(" ")
['1234', '56', '', '789']
Peter
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Re: [Tutor] input and raw input
> > any one have an idea about how we can input many number in the one time and
> > change it to list.
> > for example:
> >
> > a=input("Enter the number of your class in the school:") # the number
> > can be enter as: 12,13,14 or 12 13 14 with a space in between.
> >
> > now how I can put these numbers into list like b=[12,13,14] with len( a ) =3
>
> A string has a method split(); that may help you.
> In your case, where you want either a space or a comma as a separator, it
> depends whether both can be used at the same time. If not, you can check for
> the occurrence of one or the other separator and run split() with the correct
> separator. If both can occur in the same line, you may want to use the regex
> module instead: re.split()
>
> No need for the 're' module. Even in the case where both can be used
> together, you can still just use string methods:
>
> >>> s
> '12, 13 14'
> >>> s.replace(',', '').split(' ')
> ['12', '13', '14']
Good point.
To be finicky, you'll probably want to replace ',' by ' ' and let split work on
whitespace instead of a single space. In case of tabs or a 12,13,14 input.
> > I tried with that but it's working only for a numbers less than 10 ex.
> > 1,2,3 or 1 2 3 but it's not when I go for numbers higher than 10 like in
> > example above.
> >
> > a=raw_input("Enter the number of your class in the school:")
> > m=[]
> > for I range (len( a)):
> > if a[I]==',':
> > pass
> > elif a[I]==' ':
> > pass
> > else:
> > m.append(a[I])
> > m=map(float,m)
> > print m;print len( m )
> > >> [1,2,3]
> > >> 3
> >
> > looking forward to seeing your help,
> > regards,
> > Ahmed
> >
> >
> >
> > ___
> > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
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>
> --
> Brian K. Jones
> My Blog http://www.protocolostomy.com
> Follow me http://twitter.com/bkjones
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Re: [Tutor] input and raw input
On Sat, Sep 25, 2010 at 9:40 AM, Evert Rol wrote:
> > any one have an idea about how we can input many number in the one time
> and change it to list.
> > for example:
> >
> > a=input("Enter the number of your class in the school:") # the number
> can be enter as: 12,13,14 or 12 13 14 with a space in between.
> >
> > now how I can put these numbers into list like b=[12,13,14] with len( a )
> =3
>
> A string has a method split(); that may help you.
> In your case, where you want either a space or a comma as a separator, it
> depends whether both can be used at the same time. If not, you can check for
> the occurrence of one or the other separator and run split() with the
> correct separator. If both can occur in the same line, you may want to use
> the regex module instead: re.split()
>
No need for the 're' module. Even in the case where both can be used
together, you can still just use string methods:
>>> s
'12, 13 14'
>>> s.replace(',', '').split(' ')
['12', '13', '14']
> hth,
>
> Evert
>
>
> > I tried with that but it's working only for a numbers less than 10 ex.
> 1,2,3 or 1 2 3 but it's not when I go for numbers higher than 10 like in
> example above.
> >
> > a=raw_input("Enter the number of your class in the school:")
> > m=[]
> > for I range (len( a)):
> > if a[I]==',':
> > pass
> > elif a[I]==' ':
> > pass
> > else:
> > m.append(a[I])
> > m=map(float,m)
> > print m;print len( m )
> > >> [1,2,3]
> > >> 3
> >
> > looking forward to seeing your help,
> > regards,
> > Ahmed
> >
> >
> >
> > ___
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Re: [Tutor] input and raw input
> any one have an idea about how we can input many number in the one time and
> change it to list.
> for example:
>
> a=input("Enter the number of your class in the school:") # the number can
> be enter as: 12,13,14 or 12 13 14 with a space in between.
>
> now how I can put these numbers into list like b=[12,13,14] with len( a ) =3
A string has a method split(); that may help you.
In your case, where you want either a space or a comma as a separator, it
depends whether both can be used at the same time. If not, you can check for
the occurrence of one or the other separator and run split() with the correct
separator. If both can occur in the same line, you may want to use the regex
module instead: re.split()
hth,
Evert
> I tried with that but it's working only for a numbers less than 10 ex. 1,2,3
> or 1 2 3 but it's not when I go for numbers higher than 10 like in example
> above.
>
> a=raw_input("Enter the number of your class in the school:")
> m=[]
> for I range (len( a)):
> if a[I]==',':
> pass
> elif a[I]==' ':
> pass
> else:
> m.append(a[I])
> m=map(float,m)
> print m;print len( m )
> >> [1,2,3]
> >> 3
>
> looking forward to seeing your help,
> regards,
> Ahmed
>
>
>
> ___
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
"ANKUR AGGARWAL" wrote
Suppose i am taking input or various variables like
a=raw_input("...") //hello
b=raw_input("")//hi
but i want to run a common function when input is hello
so instead of
if a=="hello":
fun()
then again for b and then again for c then d and so on i have to
apply the
code for the specific variable ,
i want to run the function whenever in the code input is "hello"
i am wondering is there is any way like
if input=="hello":
fun()
I don;t see how that changes from the previous example except
you changed a to input?
However I think you are asking about processing a collection
of data values (which happen to have been produced by raw_input()
but could equally have been read from a file).
The pattern for that case is the for loop:
for data in data_collection:
if data == "hello":
fun()
Or if you want to collect the results:
results = [fun() for data in data_collection if data == "hello"]
How you get the data into data_collecton I leave as an excercise! :-)
--
Alan Gauld
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
On Tue, Sep 14, 2010 at 6:45 AM, ANKUR AGGARWAL wrote:
> Suppose i am taking input or various variables like
> a=raw_input("...") //hello
> b=raw_input("")//hi
> c=raw_input("...")//hello
> d=raw_input("..")//hello
> but i want to run a common function when input is hello
> so instead of
> if a=="hello":
> fun()
> then again for b and then again for c then d and so on i have to apply the
> code for the specific variable ,
> i want to run the function whenever in the code input is "hello"
> i am wondering is there is any way like
> if input=="hello":
> fun()
> i hope you get my point.. Help me out please
> Thanks in advance
How about this design pattern:
def hello():
print "Hello World!"
prompt = "..."
s = raw_input(prompt)
while s:
if s == "hello":
hello()
elif s == "quit":
break
s = raw_input(prompt)
cheers
James
--
-- James Mills
--
-- "Problems are solved by method"
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
ANKUR AGGARWAL wrote on 09/13/2010 04:45:41 PM:
> Suppose i am taking input or various variables like
> a=raw_input("...") //hello
> b=raw_input("")//hi
> c=raw_input("...")//hello
> d=raw_input("..")//hello
> but i want to run a common function when input is hello
>
> so instead of
> if a=="hello":
> fun()
> then again for b and then again for c then d and so on i have to apply
the code for the specific variable ,
> i want to run the function whenever in the code input is "hello"
> i am wondering is there is any way like
> if input=="hello":
> fun()
> i hope you get my point.. Help me out please
You put your inputs into a list and see if "hello" is in the list.
inputlist=[a,b,c,d]
if "hello" in inputlist:
fun()
or if you want to run fun() once for every "hello" you can then loop over
the list.
inputlist=[a,b,c,d]
for inputitem in inputlist:
if "hello" == inputitem:
fun()
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
Please try and reply to the list instead of just me. raw_input did not the trick. fruit.count is the next exercise. Oke, I deleted the initialazion and change teller into letter. Roelof Should be alright now.. Hmmm Can you paste your exact code AND the error you're getting? As I understand you never get the prompts, right? Nick ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input problem
On 08/22/2010 09:35 PM, Roelof Wobben wrote:
Hello,
I made this programm :
def count_letters(n,a):
count = 0
for char in n:
if char == a:
count += 1
return count
fruit=""
letter=""
fruit= input("Enter a sort of fruit: ")
teller = input("Enter the character which must be counted: ")
x=count_letters (fruit,letter)
print "De letter", letter , "komt", x , "maal voor in het woord", fruit
The problem is that I can't have the opportuntity for input anything.
I use python 2.7 on a Win7 machine with as editor SPE.
Roelof
Also, you have a typo in your code (teller instead of letter) so fix
that too :)
A couple more comments:
- You don't have to initialize fruit and letter. Doesn't make sense in
this context.
- Although I can see you made the count_letters() function as an
exercise, there is a build in method of string that accomplishes the
same effect.
Try x=fruit.count(letter)
- Give a bit of thought about what would happen if someone enters a
whole string instead of a character for letter. How should your program
accommodate that?
Nick
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
On 8/22/10, Roelof Wobben wrote:
>
> Hello,
>
>
>
> I made this programm :
>
>
>
> def count_letters(n,a):
> count = 0
> for char in n:
> if char == a:
> count += 1
> return count
>
> fruit=""
> letter=""
> fruit= input("Enter a sort of fruit: ")
> teller = input("Enter the character which must be counted: ")
> x=count_letters (fruit,letter)
> print "De letter", letter , "komt", x , "maal voor in het woord", fruit
>
>
>
> The problem is that I can't have the opportuntity for input anything.
Try replacing the two lines where you say "input" with "raw_input" and
see if that works.
>
> I use python 2.7 on a Win7 machine with as editor SPE.
>
>
>
> Roelof
>
>
>
--
Have a great day,
Alex (msg sent from GMail website)
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Re: [Tutor] input problem
On 08/22/2010 09:35 PM, Roelof Wobben wrote:
Hello,
I made this programm :
def count_letters(n,a):
count = 0
for char in n:
if char == a:
count += 1
return count
fruit=""
letter=""
fruit= input("Enter a sort of fruit: ")
teller = input("Enter the character which must be counted: ")
x=count_letters (fruit,letter)
print "De letter", letter , "komt", x , "maal voor in het woord", fruit
The problem is that I can't have the opportuntity for input anything.
I use python 2.7 on a Win7 machine with as editor SPE.
Roelof
You are using Python 2.x, so you should use raw_input() instead of input().
Note that in Python 3.x, raw_input() has been renamed to just input(),
with the old 2.x input() gone.
Nick
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
Thanks for try but print without () does not work at all, at least in newer
version of python (3.1)
Anyway source of problem is now discovered: Komodo Edit tool, in Python
shell (IDLE) everything works fine. Perhaps anyone has any ideas why?
On Mon, Feb 15, 2010 at 10:02 PM, Grigor Kolev wrote:
> В 10:06 -0500 на 15.02.2010 (пн), bob gailer написа:
> > Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
> >
> > > Hello All,
> >
> > Hello.
> >
> > Suggestion for future questions - just include enough to identify the
> > problem. We don't need to know that this is from a tutorial or what the
> > exercise is. Also (at least I prefer) plain text without formatting or
> > color.
> >
> > Sufficient therefore is:
> >
> > ---
> > using Python 3.1:
> > text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> > number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "test4.py", line 2, in
> > number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> > ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10:
> > ---
> >
> > Now carefully read the message "invalid literal for int()". This tells
> > you the argument to int is not a string representation of an integer.
> > There is nothing wrong with input()!
> >
> > Since we don't know what you typed at the input() prompt we can't
> > diagnose it further. One way to solve problems like these is to capture
> > and print the output of input():
> >
> > text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> > snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> > print snumber
> >
> > A good robust alternative is to try int() and capture / report the
> failure:
> >
> > text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> > snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> > try:
> > number = int(snumber)
> > except ValueError:
> > print(number, "is not an integer.")
> > else:
> > print (text * number)
> >
> Try this:
> >>>text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> Type in some text:"some text"
> >>>snumber = int(input("How many times should it be printed?"))
> How many times should it be printed?3
> >>>print text*snumber
> --
> Grigor Kolev
>
>
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
В 10:06 -0500 на 15.02.2010 (пн), bob gailer написа:
> Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
>
> > Hello All,
>
> Hello.
>
> Suggestion for future questions - just include enough to identify the
> problem. We don't need to know that this is from a tutorial or what the
> exercise is. Also (at least I prefer) plain text without formatting or
> color.
>
> Sufficient therefore is:
>
> ---
> using Python 3.1:
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "test4.py", line 2, in
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10:
> ---
>
> Now carefully read the message "invalid literal for int()". This tells
> you the argument to int is not a string representation of an integer.
> There is nothing wrong with input()!
>
> Since we don't know what you typed at the input() prompt we can't
> diagnose it further. One way to solve problems like these is to capture
> and print the output of input():
>
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> print snumber
>
> A good robust alternative is to try int() and capture / report the failure:
>
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> try:
> number = int(snumber)
> except ValueError:
> print(number, "is not an integer.")
> else:
> print (text * number)
>
Try this:
>>>text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
Type in some text:"some text"
>>>snumber = int(input("How many times should it be printed?"))
How many times should it be printed?3
>>>print text*snumber
--
Grigor Kolev
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
On 15 February 2010 15:15, Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
> Code:
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> print (text * number)
> Output:
> Type in some text: some
> How many times should it be printed? 5
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "test4.py", line 2, in
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'How many times should
> it be printed? 5'
>
> That is exactly how it looks like. It is happening all the time when I run
> program in Komodo Edit, but in IDLE everything works fine (interpreter is
> the same):
>
> Python 3.1.1 (r311:74483, Aug 17 2009, 17:02:12) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]
> on win32
> Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> Type in some text: some
number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> How many times should it be printed? 5
print (text * number)
> somesomesomesomesome
> For your suggestion
> Code:
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> try:
> number = int(snumber)
> except ValueError:
> print(ssnumber, "is not an integer.")
> else:
> print (text * snumber)
>
>
> Output:
> Type in some text: some
> How many times should it be printed?5
> How many times should it be printed?5 is not an integer.
> On Mon, Feb 15, 2010 at 4:06 PM, bob gailer wrote:
>>
>> Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
>>
>> > Hello All,
>>
>> Hello.
>>
>> Suggestion for future questions - just include enough to identify the
>> problem. We don't need to know that this is from a tutorial or what the
>> exercise is. Also (at least I prefer) plain text without formatting or
>> color.
>>
>> Sufficient therefore is:
>>
>> ---
>> using Python 3.1:
>> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
>> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
>>
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>> File "test4.py", line 2, in
>> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
>> ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10:
>> ---
>>
>> Now carefully read the message "invalid literal for int()". This tells you
>> the argument to int is not a string representation of an integer. There is
>> nothing wrong with input()!
>>
>> Since we don't know what you typed at the input() prompt we can't diagnose
>> it further. One way to solve problems like these is to capture and print the
>> output of input():
>>
>> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
>> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
>> print snumber
>>
>> A good robust alternative is to try int() and capture / report the
>> failure:
>>
>> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
>> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
>> try:
>> number = int(snumber)
>> except ValueError:
>> print(number, "is not an integer.")
>> else:
>> print (text * number)
>>
>> --
>> Bob Gailer
>> 919-636-4239
>> Chapel Hill NC
>>
>
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist - tu...@python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
This is a known bug with Komodo (see
http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=71319).
The developers are working on it, by the looks of things.
--
Rich "Roadie Rich" Lovely
Just because you CAN do something, doesn't necessarily mean you SHOULD.
In fact, more often than not, you probably SHOULDN'T. Especially if I
suggested it.
10 re-discover BASIC
20 ???
30 PRINT "Profit"
40 GOTO 10
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
Code:
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
print (text * number)
Output:
Type in some text: some
How many times should it be printed? 5
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test4.py", line 2, in
number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'How many times should
it be printed? 5'
That is exactly how it looks like. It is happening all the time when I run
program in Komodo Edit, but in IDLE everything works fine (interpreter is
the same):
Python 3.1.1 (r311:74483, Aug 17 2009, 17:02:12) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]
on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
Type in some text: some
>>> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
How many times should it be printed? 5
>>> print (text * number)
somesomesomesomesome
>>>
For your suggestion
Code:
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
try:
number = int(snumber)
except ValueError:
print(ssnumber, "is not an integer.")
else:
print (text * snumber)
Output:
Type in some text: some
How many times should it be printed?5
How many times should it be printed?5 is not an integer.
On Mon, Feb 15, 2010 at 4:06 PM, bob gailer wrote:
> Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
>
> > Hello All,
>
> Hello.
>
> Suggestion for future questions - just include enough to identify the
> problem. We don't need to know that this is from a tutorial or what the
> exercise is. Also (at least I prefer) plain text without formatting or
> color.
>
> Sufficient therefore is:
>
> ---
> using Python 3.1:
>
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "test4.py", line 2, in
> number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
> ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10:
> ---
>
> Now carefully read the message "invalid literal for int()". This tells you
> the argument to int is not a string representation of an integer. There is
> nothing wrong with input()!
>
> Since we don't know what you typed at the input() prompt we can't diagnose
> it further. One way to solve problems like these is to capture and print the
> output of input():
>
>
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> print snumber
>
> A good robust alternative is to try int() and capture / report the failure:
>
>
> text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
> snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
> try:
> number = int(snumber)
> except ValueError:
> print(number, "is not an integer.")
> else:
> print (text * number)
>
> --
> Bob Gailer
> 919-636-4239
> Chapel Hill NC
>
>
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
> Hello All,
Hello.
Suggestion for future questions - just include enough to identify the
problem. We don't need to know that this is from a tutorial or what the
exercise is. Also (at least I prefer) plain text without formatting or
color.
Sufficient therefore is:
---
using Python 3.1:
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test4.py", line 2, in
number = int(input("How many times should it be printed? "))
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10:
---
Now carefully read the message "invalid literal for int()". This tells
you the argument to int is not a string representation of an integer.
There is nothing wrong with input()!
Since we don't know what you typed at the input() prompt we can't
diagnose it further. One way to solve problems like these is to capture
and print the output of input():
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
print snumber
A good robust alternative is to try int() and capture / report the failure:
text = str(input("Type in some text: "))
snumber = input("How many times should it be printed?")
try:
number = int(snumber)
except ValueError:
print(number, "is not an integer.")
else:
print (text * number)
--
Bob Gailer
919-636-4239
Chapel Hill NC
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Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
Yaraslau Shanhin wrote:
Hello All,
I am working with Python tutorial in wiki and one of the exercises is as
follows:
Ask the user for a string, and then for a number. Print out that string,
that many times. (For example, if the string is hello and the number is 3 you
should print out hellohellohello.)
Solution for this exercise is:
text = str(raw_input("Type in some text: "))
number = int(raw_input("How many times should it be printed? "))print
(text * number)
Since in Python raw_input() function was renamed to input() according
to PEP 3111
Re: [Tutor] Input() is not working as expected in Python 3.1
On Mon, Feb 15, 2010 at 8:23 AM, Yaraslau Shanhin <
yaraslau.shan...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hello All,
>
> I am working with Python tutorial in wiki and one of the exercises is as
> follows:
>
> Ask the user for a string, and then for a number. Print out that string,
> that many times. (For example, if the string is hello and the number is 3 you
> should print out hellohellohello.)
>
> Solution for this exercise is:
>
> text = str(raw_input("Type in some text: "))
> number = int(raw_input("How many times should it be printed? "))print (text *
> number)
>
>
>
> Since in Python raw_input() function was renamed to input() according to PEP
> 3111
Re: [Tutor] Input validation
2009/9/3 Albert-Jan Roskam : > Hi, > > I'm wondering what is the most common method of input validation. See the > example below. > -Is the code below the most common/recognizable way something like this is > done? > -Which of the options #1 and #2 is the preferred method? Option #2 looks less > esoteric, but #1 seems better when you have to check for several data types > simultaneously. > > Thanks! > Albert-Jan > > import os.path, textwrap > > def main(param): > if validate_input(param) == "LT": > return param[-1] > elif validate_input(param) == "FILE": > f = open(param, "rb").readlines() > return " ".join(f) > elif validate_input(param) == "STR": > return textwrap.wrap(param) > else: > print "Invalid input!" > return None > > def validate_input (param): > if param.__class__ in (list, tuple): #option 1 > return "LT" > elif isinstance(param, str): # option 2 > if os.path.isfile(param): > return "FILE" > else: > return "STR" > else: > return None > > print main(param=[1,2,3]) > print main(param="d:/temp/txt.txt") > print main(param="yeah but yeah, but no") > print main(param=1.0) > > > > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - tu...@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > isinstance can take a tuple of types: def validate_input (param): if isinstance(param, (list, tuple)): #option 1 return "LT" elif isinstance(param, str):# option 2 if os.path.isfile(param): return "FILE" else: return "STR" else: return None Also, file-type objects aren't instances of str... -- Rich "Roadie Rich" Lovely There are 10 types of people in the world: those who know binary, those who do not, and those who are off by one. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input validation
"Albert-Jan Roskam" wrote I'm wondering what is the most common method of input validation. Any and all of the methods will work in different situations but its generally best to use duck typing and try to write code that works for any type as far as possible. Then use exceptions to catch the ,erm, exceptions... So you could do try: param.readlines() except AttributeError: # not a file like object try param.uppercase() except AttributeError: # not a string And so on. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
"Brain Stormer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > Thanks for the file direction method but how do I get the names of > the files > so I can use it inside my program. I'm not sure I understand. Thepoint of using redirection is that your code doesn't need to know anything about the files, it just reads/writes to/from stdin/stdout. The OS connects the bits together at runtime. >> Easier to use file redirection: >> >> python test.py < inputfile > outputfile So you can provide any name you like for inputfile and outputfile when you execute the program. If you want the program to read/write to a specific file then use the standard open()/read/write functions Or am I missing something? Alan G. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
Actually, Let me take that back with the raw_input comment since it is not
the idle issue but I didn't want to the program to be interactive so I
didn't want to wait for someone to put the information and press enter.
Thanks for the file direction method but how do I get the names of the files
so I can use it inside my program.
On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 2:57 PM, Alan Gauld <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>
> "Brain Stormer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote
>
> >I have a python program which works fine when run using idle but I
> >would
> > like call the program from the terminal.
> >
> > python test.py -i inputfile -o outputfile
>
> Easier to use file redirection:
>
> python test.py < inputfile > outputfile
>
> The -i flag in particular might conflict with Pythons own -i option.
>
> > I tried with raw_input but that only works in idle.
>
> What makes you think that?
> raw_input is the normal way to get input from stdin.
>
> Can you explain what you did and what the result was?
> Perhaps with a short code example?
>
> Try this for example:
>
>
>
> name = raw_input('What's your name? ')
> print "hello", name
>
>
>
> That can be run in IDLE or in a command window
> or using file redirection as described above.
>
> Tell us how you get on...
>
>
> --
> Alan Gauld
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld
>
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
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Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
"Brain Stormer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote
>I have a python program which works fine when run using idle but I
>would
> like call the program from the terminal.
>
> python test.py -i inputfile -o outputfile
Easier to use file redirection:
python test.py < inputfile > outputfile
The -i flag in particular might conflict with Pythons own -i option.
> I tried with raw_input but that only works in idle.
What makes you think that?
raw_input is the normal way to get input from stdin.
Can you explain what you did and what the result was?
Perhaps with a short code example?
Try this for example:
name = raw_input('What's your name? ')
print "hello", name
That can be run in IDLE or in a command window
or using file redirection as described above.
Tell us how you get on...
--
Alan Gauld
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld
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Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
I used the optparse module since that is exactly what I wanted. Here is my
code:
import sys
from optparse import OptionParser
import os
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("-i", "--input", dest="infile",
help="input FILE to convert", metavar="FILE")
parser.add_option("-o", "--output", dest="outfile",
help="output FILE to convert to", metavar="FILE")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if not os.path.isfile(options.infile):
print "Input files does not exit...Quitting"
sys.exit()
elif os.path.isfile(options.outfile):
print "Output file exists, Remove it first"
sys.exit()
Thanks everyone.
On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 1:14 PM, <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> look at the OptParse module, with this u can easily realize such things.
> http://docs.python.org/lib/module-optparse.html
>
>
> On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 12:55:07PM -0400, Brain Stormer wrote:
> > I have a python program which works fine when run using idle but I would
> > like call the program from the terminal.
> >
> > python test.py -i inputfile -o outputfile
> >
> > I tried with raw_input but that only works in idle. Can this be
> achieved?
> > Thanks
>
> > ___
> > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
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Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 12:55 PM, Brain Stormer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I have a python program which works fine when run using idle but I would > like call the program from the terminal. > > python test.py -i inputfile -o outputfile > > I tried with raw_input but that only works in idle. Can this be achieved? > Thanks > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor Please see: http://www.faqs.org/docs/diveintopython/kgp_commandline.html >From the book: Dive into Python. Source code examples from the book: http://diveintopython.org/download/diveintopython-examples-4.1.zip Happy Programming! -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m Kid on Bus: What are you gonna do today, Napoleon? Napoleon Dynamite: Whatever I feel like I wanna do. Gosh! ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
i think you need to try : cat input.txt | /usr/bin/python test.py >output.txt > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input and output files from terminal
look at the OptParse module, with this u can easily realize such things. http://docs.python.org/lib/module-optparse.html On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 12:55:07PM -0400, Brain Stormer wrote: > I have a python program which works fine when run using idle but I would > like call the program from the terminal. > > python test.py -i inputfile -o outputfile > > I tried with raw_input but that only works in idle. Can this be achieved? > Thanks > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
Kent Johnson wrote:
> Ricardo Aráoz wrote:
>
>> _validChars = {
>> 'X' :
>> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890'
>> , '9' : '1234567890'
>> , '-' : '-1234567890'
>> , 'A' :
>> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>> , '!' : 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'}
>> _validKeys = _validChars.keys()
>
>
>> while maskChar not in _validKeys :
>
> There is no need to make _validKeys, you can write
> while maskChar not in _validChars
> which is actually more efficient, in general, because it is a hash table
> lookup instead of searching a list.
>
> Kent
>
Thanks Kent, I'll wait to see if there are more corrections and re-post
the corrected code.
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Re: [Tutor] Input
"Tiger12506" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote >> Of course I know and use reg. exps., the point of the function is >> not to >> validate input but to force the proper input. > > So? Are you going to try to tell me that you can force particular > input > without actually determining if its valid or not first? ;-) regex is great for testing strings but the function posted tests each character as it is input. Using regex you would need to test the complete string after it was entered before getting a reliable result. I think thats the difference. Alan G. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
Tiger12506 wrote: >> Of course I know and use reg. exps., the point of the function is not to >> validate input but to force the proper input. > > So? Are you going to try to tell me that you can force particular input > without actually determining if its valid or not first? ;-) > > Just a thought. > Are you going to try to tell me that it is better to check if ONE character is valid with a reg.exp. that with a simple 'in' statement? The purpose of the code is not to check input but to force it a character at a time according to an input mask, it's a common enough concept. Just do a bunch of raw_inputs inscribed in while loops with their validations, then do it with this function and check the readability of your code (not to talk about the length). Anyway it was presented as a help for those who want it and as an exercise program to be improved and learn from. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
> Of course I know and use reg. exps., the point of the function is not to > validate input but to force the proper input. So? Are you going to try to tell me that you can force particular input without actually determining if its valid or not first? ;-) Just a thought. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
Ricardo Aráoz wrote:
> _validChars = {
> 'X' :
> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890'
> , '9' : '1234567890'
> , '-' : '-1234567890'
> , 'A' :
> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
> , '!' : 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'}
> _validKeys = _validChars.keys()
> while maskChar not in _validKeys :
There is no need to make _validKeys, you can write
while maskChar not in _validChars
which is actually more efficient, in general, because it is a hash table
lookup instead of searching a list.
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] Input
Tiger12506 wrote: > Try regular expressions in the re module. This should make this code below > much much simpler. Downside is you have to learn a slightly different > syntax. Upside is - regular expressions are very powerful. > Of course I know and use reg. exps., the point of the function is not to validate input but to force the proper input. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input
Try regular expressions in the re module. This should make this code below
much much simpler. Downside is you have to learn a slightly different
syntax. Upside is - regular expressions are very powerful.
> Last week someone had an issue with raw_input() and how to get input for
> a number. So I remembered my CP/M times and got to think of a little
> function I had there. The function is lost and my time is scarce but I
> made a little effort and here you have the results. It has loads of room
> for improvement and probably a few bugs but it's a starting point, and
> it should guarantee that you get the input you need.
> You just define your mask and the functions checks the input
> accordingly, it returns a string.
> You might improve it by displaying the mask, e.g. for mask = '.99'
> you might see in the screen .__ or for mask = '999-AAA::' you'd
> see ___-___::___ so the user will know the format of what's expected of
> him, also a beep on incorrect entry might prove nice.
>
> HTH
>
> ---
> import msvcrt
>
> _validChars = {
>'X' :
> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890'
>, '9' : '1234567890'
>, '-' : '-1234567890'
>, 'A' :
> 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>, '!' : 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'}
> _validKeys = _validChars.keys()
>
> def maskInput(mask, separators = True) :
>lmask = list(mask)
>lmask.reverse()
>usedMask = []
>retInput = ''
>c = ''
>maskChar = lmask.pop()
>try :
>while maskChar not in _validKeys :
>if separators :
>retInput += maskChar
>msvcrt.putch(maskChar)
>maskChar = lmask.pop()
>except IndexError : pass
>
>c = msvcrt.getch()
>while c != chr(13) :
>if maskChar and maskChar not in _validKeys and c in
> _validChars[lmask[-1]] :
>if separators :
>retInput += maskChar
>msvcrt.putch(maskChar)
>usedMask.append(maskChar)
>maskChar = lmask.pop()
>if usedMask and c == '\b' :
>try :
>if maskChar :
>lmask.append(maskChar)
>maskChar = usedMask.pop()
>retInput = retInput[:-1]
>msvcrt.putch(c)
>msvcrt.putch(' ')
>msvcrt.putch(c)
>while usedMask[-1] not in _validKeys :
>if maskChar :
>lmask.append(maskChar)
>maskChar = usedMask.pop()
>if separators :
>retInput = retInput[:-1]
>msvcrt.putch(c)
>msvcrt.putch(' ')
>msvcrt.putch(c)
>except IndexError : pass
>elif maskChar and c in _validChars[maskChar] :
>retInput += c
>msvcrt.putch(c)
>try :
>usedMask.append(maskChar)
>maskChar = lmask.pop()
> # while maskChar not in _validKeys :
>except IndexError :
>maskChar = ''
>c = msvcrt.getch()
>return retInput
>
> if __name__ == '__main__' :
>invar = maskInput('-.99')
>print
>print invar
>
>
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Re: [Tutor] input file encoding
> Not sure what you mean by "standard encoding" (is this an Ubuntu > thing?) but essentially whenever you're pulling stuff into Python As it was lined out by others I was printing to a linux terminal which had the encoding set to UTF-8. Therefore and for further processing of the data I had to open it with the right encoding. > In this case, assuming you have files in iso-8859-1, something > like this: > > > import codecs > > filenames = ['a.txt', 'b.txt', 'c.txt'] > for filename in filenames: >f = codecs.open (filename, encoding="iso-8859-1") This piece of code did the trick. After a short adaption I had exactly what I wanted to achive. Thanks you for your help. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input file encoding
Tim Golden wrote: > Ah, I see. I'm so used to Windows where there is, technically an encoding > for the console window, but you can't really do anything about > it (apart from the awkward chcp) and it isn't really in your face. I > do *use* Linux sometimes, but I don't really think in it :) Actually you would run into the same problems on Windows if you tried to print UTF-8 or Unicode data. The only reason the Windows encoding is not in your face is that enough data is in ascii/latin-1/cp1252 that you can coast along in blissful ignorance. As soon as you have to deal with text in Japanese/Chinese/Korean/Russian/Turkish/Arabic/Greek/Hebrew/Thai/Klingon/etc you will have a rude awakening and a quick lesson in encoding awareness. Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input file encoding
Kent Johnson wrote:
> Tim Golden wrote:
>> Not sure what you mean by "standard encoding" (is this an Ubuntu
>> thing?)
>
> Probably referring to the encoding the terminal application expects -
> writing latin-1 chars when the terminal expects utf-8 will not work well.
Ah, I see. I'm so used to Windows where there is, technically an encoding
for the console window, but you can't really do anything about
it (apart from the awkward chcp) and it isn't really in your face. I
do *use* Linux sometimes, but I don't really think in it :)
>> Tim Golden
>># you could do this:
>># text = text.encode ("utf-8")
>>print repr (text)
>
> No, not repr, that will print with \ escapes and quotes.
I knew that (no, honestly ;). Since I wasn't sure what
the OP was after, I was using repr to *show* the escapes
and quotes really to indicate that he may not have wanted
them! (All right, I'll shut up now). Thanks for clarifying,
Kent.
TJG
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Re: [Tutor] input file encoding
Tim Golden wrote:
> Tim Michelsen wrote:
>> Hello,
>> I want to process some files encoded in latin-1 (iso-8859-1) in my
>> python script that I write on Ubuntu which has UTF-8 as standard encoding.
>
> Not sure what you mean by "standard encoding" (is this an Ubuntu
> thing?)
Probably referring to the encoding the terminal application expects -
writing latin-1 chars when the terminal expects utf-8 will not work well.
Python also has a default encoding but that is ascii unless you change
it yourself.
> In this case, assuming you have files in iso-8859-1, something
> like this:
>
>
> import codecs
>
> filenames = ['a.txt', 'b.txt', 'c.txt']
> for filename in filenames:
>f = codecs.open (filename, encoding="iso-8859-1")
>text = f.read ()
>#
># If you want to re-encode this -- not sure why --
This is needed to put the text into the proper encoding for the
terminal. If you print a unicode string directly it will be encoded
using the system default encoding (ascii) which will fail:
In [13]: print u'\xe2'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
: 'ascii' codec can't encode
character u'\xe2' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
In [14]: print u'\xe2'.encode('utf-8')
â
># you could do this:
># text = text.encode ("utf-8")
>print repr (text)
No, not repr, that will print with \ escapes and quotes.
In [15]: print repr(u'\xe2'.encode('utf-8'))
'\xc3\xa2'
And he may not want to change text itself to utf-8. Just
print text.encode('utf-8')
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] input file encoding
Tim Michelsen wrote:
> Hello,
> I want to process some files encoded in latin-1 (iso-8859-1) in my
> python script that I write on Ubuntu which has UTF-8 as standard encoding.
Not sure what you mean by "standard encoding" (is this an Ubuntu
thing?) but essentially whenever you're pulling stuff into Python
which is encoded and which you want to treat as Unicode, you need
to decode it explicitly, either on a string-by-string basis or by
using the codecs module to treat the whole of a file as encoded.
In this case, assuming you have files in iso-8859-1, something
like this:
import codecs
filenames = ['a.txt', 'b.txt', 'c.txt']
for filename in filenames:
f = codecs.open (filename, encoding="iso-8859-1")
text = f.read ()
#
# If you want to re-encode this -- not sure why --
# you could do this:
# text = text.encode ("utf-8")
print repr (text)
TJG
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Re: [Tutor] Input from and output to a file
govind goyal wrote:
> hi,
>
> 1) I want to read data not from but from a file which is in
> specified directory.
> 2) I want to redirect my output(which is by default STDOUT) to a file.
>
> Can anybody suggest these queries?
One way to redirect stdin and stdout is just to do it on the commandline:
python myscript.py < myinput.txt > myoutput.txt
It is easy to read and write files in Python:
f = open('myinput.txt')
data = f.read()
f.close()
gets the contents of myinput.txt into data
f = open('myoutput.txt', 'w')
f.write(data)
f.close()
writes the contents of data to myoutput.txt.
There are many variations on this, any good tutorial will cover file I/O.
It is also possible to directly assign to sys.stdin and sys.stdout but
I'm not sure that is the best solution for you...
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] Input mask for console?
The chosen solution was posted by kent... he said getpass.getpass(). As far as a "sample" password... how do I display something I was asking how to hide? =P >>> Enter Password: "nothing seen here" =D On 9/14/06, Tiago Saboga <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Em Quarta 13 Setembro 2006 21:55, Chris Hengge escreveu:> nevermind.. figured it out.. Thanks. Hi Chris,It's not just for you, but I'd like to make a comment. When you write to thislist, remember that other people read your questions too, and may beinterested in the answers. By the way, I've learned a lot here just by reading the q&a. But if we want it to be really useful to everybody, weshould try to post good questions (in your case, it was ok, but it could bebetter: you could have given the example of the password in the first mail) *and* post the choosen solution.Thanks!Tiago.>> On Wed, 2006-09-13 at 19:48 -0400, Kent Johnson wrote:> > Chris Hengge wrote:> > > I need either a way to mask the input from a console, or a method to > > > not display the typed characters to the screen. Someone point me in the> > > right direction?> >> > getpass.getpass() ?> >> > Kent> >> > ___ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor>> ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.orghttp://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input mask for console?
Em Quarta 13 Setembro 2006 21:55, Chris Hengge escreveu: > nevermind.. figured it out.. Thanks. Hi Chris, It's not just for you, but I'd like to make a comment. When you write to this list, remember that other people read your questions too, and may be interested in the answers. By the way, I've learned a lot here just by reading the q&a. But if we want it to be really useful to everybody, we should try to post good questions (in your case, it was ok, but it could be better: you could have given the example of the password in the first mail) *and* post the choosen solution. Thanks! Tiago. > > On Wed, 2006-09-13 at 19:48 -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > > Chris Hengge wrote: > > > I need either a way to mask the input from a console, or a method to > > > not display the typed characters to the screen. Someone point me in the > > > right direction? > > > > getpass.getpass() ? > > > > Kent > > > > ___ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input mask for console?
I'm assuming I can use that like
usrpass = getpass.getpass(raw_input("Password: "))
On Wed, 2006-09-13 at 19:48 -0400, Kent Johnson wrote:
> Chris Hengge wrote:
> > I need either a way to mask the input from a console, or a method to not
> > display the typed characters to the screen. Someone point me in the
> > right direction?
>
> getpass.getpass() ?
>
> Kent
>
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Re: [Tutor] Input mask for console?
nevermind.. figured it out.. Thanks. On Wed, 2006-09-13 at 19:48 -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > Chris Hengge wrote: > > I need either a way to mask the input from a console, or a method to not > > display the typed characters to the screen. Someone point me in the > > right direction? > > getpass.getpass() ? > > Kent > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input mask for console?
Chris Hengge wrote: > I need either a way to mask the input from a console, or a method to not > display the typed characters to the screen. Someone point me in the > right direction? getpass.getpass() ? Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input with default value option
>> With raw_input(), it allows to input value. Can it be used to input value
>> with default value option?
>>
> response = raw_input("Enter some data:")
> if not response: response = "default value"
This is one of the few places where I do use the short-circuit evaluation
trick:
val = raw_input('> ') or myDefault
I reads well (IMHO) and works pretty much safely.
Alan G
Author of the learn to program web tutor
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Re: [Tutor] input with default value option
> With raw_input(), it allows to input value. Can it be used to input
> value with default value option?
Hi Phon,
We can build your own function to do this. Bob showed how to set up code
so that the default's taken if the user just presses enter in his reply.
Let's take a look at it again:
###
response = raw_input("Enter some data:")
if not response: response = "default value"
###
We can capture this as a function that takes in a question and a default
answer:
##
def ask(question, default):
response = raw_input(question)
if not response:
response = default
return response
##
And now we have something that acts like raw_input(), but also gives the
user the ability to get a default:
##
>>> ask("favorite color?", "Blue. No yellow -- aaaugh!")
favorite color?red
'red'
>>> ask("favorite color?", "Blue. No yellow -- aaaugh!")
favorite color?
'Blue. No yellow -- aaaugh!'
>>>
##
(In the second call to ask(), I just pressed enter.)
Does this make sense?
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Re: [Tutor] input with default value option
Keo Sophon wrote:
> Hi,
>
> With raw_input(), it allows to input value. Can it be used to input value
> with default value option?
>
response = raw_input("Enter some data:")
if not response: response = "default value"
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
> Another newbe question! I use "while True: " to evaluate an
> expression, I see that you used while 1: .. what's the diffrence if
> any?!
Python only provided boolean literal values (True, False) relatively
recently.
Long time Python programmers, especially those with a C background(*)
are used to writing 1 to mean True. It's a hard habit to break. But it means
exactly the same as True and since True is usually more readable its
probably
better to use that. (In theory Python could change to make 1 and True non
compatible, but in truth thats extremely unlikely because it is such a
deeply embedded tradition and huge amounts of existing code would break!)
(*)
Strictly speaking the numeric definition is based on 0 being False and True
being "non-zero". Thus C programmers used to do this:
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE !FALSE
This left the numeric value of TRUE up to the compiler, in most cases it
would
be 1 but in some cases it could be -1 or very occasionally MAXINT (0x)
This led to strange behaviour such as:
if ((1-2) == TRUE) { // works in some compilers not in others!}
The correct way was to compare to FALSE or just use the result as a value:
if (2-1) {//this always works}
Pythons introduction of boolean type values should have gotten round all
that but unfortunately it doesn't:
>>> if (1-2): print 'True'
True
>>> if True: print 'True'
True
>>> if (1-2) == True: print 'True'
>>>
So unfortunately Pythons implementation of Boolean values is only
half True(sorry couldn't resist!:-). In a true boolean implementation
any non zero value should test equal to True...
No language is perfect!
HTH,
Alan G
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
At 11:28 AM 12/23/2005, Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote: >On 12/23/05, Panagiotis Atmatzidis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Hello Dany :-) > > > > On 12/23/05, Danny Yoo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >[...] > > > > > > > > > Hello Bob and Panagiotis, > > > > > > It might be good to make this number-reading thing a function, just to > > > make it easier to reuse (and test!) it. Let's call this input_number() > > > for the moment. > > > > > > ### > > > def input_number(prompt): > > > """Reads an integer from the next line of input.""" > > > while 1: > > > x = raw_input(prompt) > > > if x.isdigit(): > > > return int(x) > > > else: > > > print 'Boo' > > > ### >[...] > > > I added one more behavior so that input_number continues to ask > until it's > > > satisified by a number. Hope this helps! > > > > Yes, it really helps a lot. Now I can proceed with my script!! >[...] > >Another newbe question! I use "while True: " to evaluate an >expression, I see that you used while 1: .. what's the diffrence if any?! In this case, no difference. True and False are Python boolean constants, and also a subset of integer. So one may print True + 1 and see 2. Conditional statements (while, if, elif) and the if clause of list comprehensions and generator expressions expect an expression that will be treated as True if not empty and False if empty. From the L:angRef: "In the context of Boolean operations, and also when expressions are used by control flow statements, the following values are interpreted as false: None, numeric zero of all types, empty sequences (strings, tuples and lists), and empty mappings (dictionaries). All other values are interpreted as true." ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote:
> Hello,
>
> Can someone provide me with an error checking example about an x
> variable that needs to be number only? I used something like:
>
> def useridf():
> print ""
> print "WARNING: If you don't understand why this must be unique,
> exit and read the manual."
> print ""
> userid = input("x : ")
>
> I know that "input" accepts only numbers, but I don't want the program
> to break if someone puts other chars in it. I want to, print "Only
> numbers are accepted." which is easy. But still I can't understand how
> to do the check using if/elif/else statements.
Another way to do this is to use raw_input() to get the input as a
string, then just try to convert it to an int and catch any exception.
This also works well encapsulated into a function:
def getInt(prompt):
while 1:
s = raw_input(prompt)
try:
return int(s)
except ValueError:
print 'Only numbers are accepted'
This approach will accept negative numbers as well as positive:
>>> def getInt(prompt):
... while 1:
... s = raw_input(prompt)
... try:
... return int(s)
... except ValueError:
... print 'Only numbers are accepted'
...
>>> getInt('x: ')
x: ae
Only numbers are accepted
x: -4
-4
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
On 12/23/05, Panagiotis Atmatzidis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Hello Dany :-) > > On 12/23/05, Danny Yoo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: [...] > > > > > > Hello Bob and Panagiotis, > > > > It might be good to make this number-reading thing a function, just to > > make it easier to reuse (and test!) it. Let's call this input_number() > > for the moment. > > > > ### > > def input_number(prompt): > > """Reads an integer from the next line of input.""" > > while 1: > > x = raw_input(prompt) > > if x.isdigit(): > > return int(x) > > else: > > print 'Boo' > > ### [...] > > I added one more behavior so that input_number continues to ask until it's > > satisified by a number. Hope this helps! > > Yes, it really helps a lot. Now I can proceed with my script!! [...] Another newbe question! I use "while True: " to evaluate an expression, I see that you used while 1: .. what's the diffrence if any?! -- Panagiotis ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
At 11:16 AM 12/23/2005, Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote:
>Hello there,
>
>Thank you for the prompt response.
>
>On 12/23/05, bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>[snip]
> > print input("x ; ")
> > and enter "Hello world"
>
> >>> x = input("x: ")
>x: hello world
>Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "", line 1, in ?
> File "", line 1
> hello world
> ^
>SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing
>
>Just did.. and as you can see I get an error. I know because I read so
>in the tutorial I mentioned before.. I mean that it says so.. now I am
>taking the first steps into programming, hence I don't really know if
>there's another reason for input to break upon chars.
Enter "hello world" including the quotes.
input expects a Python expression.
hello world is not a Python expression
"hello world" is
[snip]
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
Yeah works you're right. :-)
On 12/23/05, bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> At 11:16 AM 12/23/2005, Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote:
> >Hello there,
> >
> >Thank you for the prompt response.
> >
> >On 12/23/05, bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >[snip]
> > > print input("x ; ")
> > > and enter "Hello world"
> >
> > >>> x = input("x: ")
> >x: hello world
> >Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "", line 1, in ?
> > File "", line 1
> > hello world
> > ^
> >SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing
> >
> >Just did.. and as you can see I get an error. I know because I read so
> >in the tutorial I mentioned before.. I mean that it says so.. now I am
> >taking the first steps into programming, hence I don't really know if
> >there's another reason for input to break upon chars.
>
> Enter "hello world" including the quotes.
> input expects a Python expression.
> hello world is not a Python expression
> "hello world" is
> [snip]
>
>
--
Panagiotis
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
Hello Dany :-)
On 12/23/05, Danny Yoo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > x = raw_input("x : ")
> > if x.isdigit(): # ensure input is a number
> >y = int(x) # convert to integer
> > else:
> >print 'Boo"
>
>
> Hello Bob and Panagiotis,
>
> It might be good to make this number-reading thing a function, just to
> make it easier to reuse (and test!) it. Let's call this input_number()
> for the moment.
>
> ###
> def input_number(prompt):
> """Reads an integer from the next line of input."""
> while 1:
> x = raw_input(prompt)
> if x.isdigit():
> return int(x)
> else:
> print 'Boo'
> ###
>
>
> Does this work? Let's try it informally:
>
> ##
> >>> input_number('number please: ')
> number please: 1
> 1
> >>> input_number('number please: ')
> number please: 1234
> 1234
> >>> input_number('number please: ')
> number please: 1st
> Boo
> number please: 74
> 74
> >>>
> ##
>
> I added one more behavior so that input_number continues to ask until it's
> satisified by a number. Hope this helps!
Yes, it really helps a lot. Now I can proceed with my script!!
Thank you for the reply,
Best Regards,
Panagiotis
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
Hello there,
Thank you for the prompt response.
On 12/23/05, bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> At 10:15 AM 12/23/2005, Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote:
> >Hello,
> >
> >Can someone provide me with an error checking example about an x
> >variable that needs to be number only? I used something like:
> >
> > def useridf():
> > print ""
> > print "WARNING: If you don't understand why this must be unique,
> >exit and read the manual."
>
> You ask the user to exit but you don't tell him how to do that!
>
> > print ""
> > userid = input("x : ")
> >
> >I know that "input" accepts only numbers
>
> How did you "know" that? Try this:
> print input("x ; ")
> and enter "Hello world"
OSX atma ~ $ python
Python 2.3.5 (#1, Mar 20 2005, 20:38:20)
[GCC 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1809)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> x = input("x: ")
x: hello world
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in ?
File "", line 1
hello world
^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing
Just did.. and as you can see I get an error. I know because I read so
in the tutorial I mentioned before.. I mean that it says so.. now I am
taking the first steps into programming, hence I don't really know if
there's another reason for input to break upon chars.
>>> x = input("x: ")
x: 12
>>>
>
> Truth is input() "accepts" anything and attempts to evaluate it as a
> Python expression. If that fails it raises an exception.
Okay.
>
> You should use raw_input() instead. This takes any input and returns
> it as a character string.
I already use raw_input for alphanumeric characters.
> x = raw_input("x : ")
> if x.isdigit(): # ensure input is a number
>y = int(x) # convert to integer
> else:
>print 'Boo"
Thank you for the sample code.
>
> >, but I don't want the program
> >to break if someone puts other chars in it. I want to, print "Only
> >numbers are accepted." which is easy. But still I can't understand how
> >to do the check using if/elif/else statements.
>
>
Best Regards,
Panagiotis
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
> x = raw_input("x : ")
> if x.isdigit(): # ensure input is a number
>y = int(x) # convert to integer
> else:
>print 'Boo"
Hello Bob and Panagiotis,
It might be good to make this number-reading thing a function, just to
make it easier to reuse (and test!) it. Let's call this input_number()
for the moment.
###
def input_number(prompt):
"""Reads an integer from the next line of input."""
while 1:
x = raw_input(prompt)
if x.isdigit():
return int(x)
else:
print 'Boo'
###
Does this work? Let's try it informally:
##
>>> input_number('number please: ')
number please: 1
1
>>> input_number('number please: ')
number please: 1234
1234
>>> input_number('number please: ')
number please: 1st
Boo
number please: 74
74
>>>
##
I added one more behavior so that input_number continues to ask until it's
satisified by a number. Hope this helps!
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Re: [Tutor] Input checking [letters or numbers]
At 10:15 AM 12/23/2005, Panagiotis Atmatzidis wrote:
>Hello,
>
>Can someone provide me with an error checking example about an x
>variable that needs to be number only? I used something like:
>
> def useridf():
> print ""
> print "WARNING: If you don't understand why this must be unique,
>exit and read the manual."
You ask the user to exit but you don't tell him how to do that!
> print ""
> userid = input("x : ")
>
>I know that "input" accepts only numbers
How did you "know" that? Try this:
print input("x ; ")
and enter "Hello world"
Truth is input() "accepts" anything and attempts to evaluate it as a
Python expression. If that fails it raises an exception.
You should use raw_input() instead. This takes any input and returns
it as a character string.
x = raw_input("x : ")
if x.isdigit(): # ensure input is a number
y = int(x) # convert to integer
else:
print 'Boo"
>, but I don't want the program
>to break if someone puts other chars in it. I want to, print "Only
>numbers are accepted." which is easy. But still I can't understand how
>to do the check using if/elif/else statements.
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Re: [Tutor] input/output redirection
* Lane, Frank L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [2005-09-08 09:49]: > Hi List, > > I wanted to take the stdout of a process and redirect it to stdin of a > python script, then after playing with the input in the script I want to > send it back to stdout (all of this to be done while the original > process runs happily along). I can't seem to figure out the correct > syntax if this is possible. > > e.g. > > C:\> runner.exe | script.py > C:\> runner.exe > script.py # this overwrites your script!:-) I use fileinput for most of my stdin text processing. It also give me the flexibility of using it as a pipe OR assigning a wordlist of files to the script instead. http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.1/lib/module-fileinput.html import fileinput for line in fileinput.input(): process(line) -- David Rock [EMAIL PROTECTED] pgp3RtUbUyLUC.pgp Description: PGP signature ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input/output redirection
On Thu, 8 Sep 2005, Lane, Frank L wrote: > I wanted to take the stdout of a process and redirect it to stdin of a > python script, then after playing with the input in the script I want to > send it back to stdout (all of this to be done while the original > process runs happily along). I can't seem to figure out the correct > syntax if this is possible. > > e.g. > > C:\> runner.exe | script.py Hi Frank, You've almost got it. The syntax above should have worked. But the problem here is that you're running into a problem with the way Windows runs Python scripts. Alan Gauld ran into this a few weeks ago: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2005-August/041019.html You may need to put a CMD wrapper around the Python script. Apparently, this makes Windows pleased enough to let it be used as part of a shell pipeline. The thread above should mention the workaround to get things working. Best of wishes! ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input/output redirection
Lane, Frank L wrote: > Hi List, > > I wanted to take the stdout of a process and redirect it to stdin of a > python script, then after playing with the input in the script I want to > send it back to stdout (all of this to be done while the original > process runs happily along). I can't seem to figure out the correct > syntax if this is possible. > > e.g. > > C:\> runner.exe | script.py > C:\> runner.exe > script.py # this overwrites your script!:-) > > e.g. > > #!/usr/bin/env python > import re > > while 1: > packet = sys.stdin.read() In the previous line, all input is read which is not ideal. Depending on the input a single line or part of it should be read so that the script can start working before runner.exe finishes. Now, once you have a workable chunck of the input, you can happily process it and write it out. > if field in packet: > # change it and put it back on the command window and get the > next bunch of stuff > sys.stdout.write() In the previous line, write is called with no arguments. It should recieve the string to output. > I hope my question/intention is clear. The given code is not a working example. It would help if the code was more complete. Javier ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] input()
> Matrix = input("Matrix=")
> error=input("error=")
> alpha= input("alpha=")
> using Macpython it works fine but when I use a terminal all I get
is
> a blank line.
Can you tell us a bit more about how you areusing MacPython
and the terminal?
Macpython has a console which presents a Python prompt and you type
the commands as shown. If you want to run the program at the Terminal
you have two options:
1) write the program into a text file using vi, emacs, BB EDit or
similar.
Then run the fuile using python:
$ python myscript.py
or
2) type python and type the commands in at the >>> prompt.
To use the script in the way you describe below you must go with
option (1)
and create a text file with the program in.
> When I try to enter at the command line I get this
> Matrix=error=alpha=
This actually looks like you are using a script file but then just
hiting
enter when prompted. Are you actually typing any input at the Terminal
prompt?
If so is it showing up anywhere?
> Also I need to redirect any output from the program into another
file,
> which is why I used the terminal in the first place. So, I guess I
have
> two problems
> 1. How do I redirect output using Macpython?
Thats difficult and I wouldn't even try. Running the program script
at the Termninal is the way to go.
> 2. How do I use input() while using a terminal?
First can you start Python in command prompt mode - so you get the >>>
prompt?
If so does using input() work there?
Second try a very simple program that asks the user for their name
and says hello back:
name = raw_input("What's your name? ")
print "Hello", name
[ Notice I used raw_input which is safer than input from a security
point
of view, but you don;t need to worry too much about that just yet.]
Does that work as expected?
If so type it into a plain text file called hello.py
and try running it from the Terminal prompt by typing
python hello.py
Does that work?
Tell us how you get on.
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web tutor
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld
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Re: [Tutor] input()
Hi!
I don't have a Mac and so I don't know Macpython.
on Fri, 29 Apr 2005 07:55:20 -0500 Servando Garcia <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote :
-
Servando Garcia > Hello and thanks in advance.
Servando Garcia > I am trying to prompt the user for some input. I need
three values
Servando Garcia > from the user so,I used input() like so;
Servando Garcia > Matrix = input("Matrix=")
Servando Garcia > error=input("error=")
Servando Garcia > alpha= input("alpha=")
Servando Garcia > using Macpython it works fine but when I use a terminal
all I get is
Servando Garcia > a blank line. When I try to enter at the command line I get
this
Servando Garcia > Matrix=error=alpha=
Here on my sun i get the following:
>>> a=input("hello=")
hello=5+6
>>> a
11
When calling help on input the result is the following:
>>> help(input)
Help on built-in function input:
input(...)
input([prompt]) -> value
Equivalent to eval(raw_input(prompt)).
So the inputvalue is evaluated in python.
Using raw_input() gives back the entered value:
>>> a=raw_input("hello=")
hello=myInput
>>> a
'myInput'
Perhaps this work's also on a Mac
Servando Garcia > Also I need to redirect any output from the program into
another file,
Servando Garcia > which is why I used the terminal in the first place. So, I
guess I have
Servando Garcia > two problems
On a UNIX-Shell two programms are connected via the "|" - Pipe.
The first one writes to stdout ( sys.stdout or print ) and the second
reads from stdin
Servando Garcia > 1. How do I redirect output using Macpython?
Servando Garcia > 2. How do I use input() while using a terminal?
Servando Garcia >
Servando Garcia > ___
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Servando Garcia > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Servando Garcia >
--- end --
HTH
Ewald
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Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
> >To help you out. You need some sort of error checking to be sure that
> >within your given range you won't get something like a math domain
> >error.
> >
> >
> Yes, I thought that:
> try:
> #function
> exception:
> pass
Hi Ismael,
Python's keyword for exception handling is 'except', so this can be
something like:
###
try:
some_function()
except:
pass
###
... Except that the 'except' block should seldom be so vacant like that.
*grin* There are two things we should try to do when exception handling:
handle only what we need, and report exception information when we do.
We really want to get the system to handle only domain errors, and
otherwise let the exception raise errors. But because the block above
catches every Python error, even silly things like misspellings, it will
sweep programmer errors under the carpet.
For example, the code snippet:
###
>>> def sqrt(x):
... return y**0.5 ## bug: typo, meant to type 'x'
...
>>> try:
... sqrt("hello")
... except:
... pass
...
###
tries to make it look like we're catching domain errors, but the
overzealous exception catching disguises a really silly bug.
We can make the exception more stringent, so that we only catch domain
errors. According to:
http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-exceptions.html
there's are a few standard exceptions that deal with domains, like
ArithmeticError, ValueError, or TypeError.
Let's adjust the code block above so we capture only those three:
###
>>> try:
... sqrt("hello")
... except (ArithmeticError, ValueError, TypeError):
... pass
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 2, in ?
File "", line 2, in sqrt
NameError: global name 'y' is not defined
###
Also, it might be a good idea to print out that a certain exception
happened, just so that you can tell the user exactly what's causing the
domain error. The 'traceback' module can help with this:
http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-traceback.html
For example:
###
try:
1 / 0
except:
print "There's an error!"
###
tells us that some wacky thing happened, but:
###
import traceback
try:
1 / 0
except:
print "Error:", traceback.format_exc()
###
tells us that the error was caused by a ZeroDivisionError.
Best of wishes to you!
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Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
Ismael Garrido wrote: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > >> Quoting Ismael Garrido <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: >> >> >> >>> I am trying to make a program that will plot functions. For that, I >>> need >>> to be able to get an input (the function to be plotted) and execute it. >>> > > > > > >So you want the user to be able to type something like "f(x) = > sin(2*x)" and > >then your program will plot it --- is that correct? > > Yes, that's what I want. I can understand you fear. Check out this post that Danny made in October I found it very helpful. http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2004-October/032364.html This one by kent at the same time was good too. http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2004-October/032340.html I felt this was a very good and helpful. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
I have grown to like VPython as the curve attribute really seems to do the trick. If you get it working on a Tkinter canvas, I would like to see the code as I haven't quite found a way to plot points on to one of those. A simple graph function in VPython... (it isn't the whole thing, believe me...) It already is more powerful than most graphing calculators--see except comment. def graphit(function): m = curve(color=color.blue) x = -15 while -15<=x<=15: try: m.append(pos=(x,eval(function),0)) except: m = curve(color=color.red) # This is to catch domain errors and keep the curve from connecting points across asymptotes x = x+0.05 # Yes it might be too high a precision, but I usually use 0.005 I would like to see the executable. I don't know anything about Qbasic 4.5, so I don't know if I could view the source, etc... Tell me if you want cut and paste or attachment to see the program. By the way, I don't want to give the impression that I'm anything much better than a newbie myself. I just have a big mouth It might help setting it up. It supports x functions and polar graphs as well. Perhaps for the future I will try 3d graphs, since VPython supports 3d. Hah! There's something I don't remember Tkinter Canvas being able to do. Jacob > Jacob S. wrote: > > >eval() is good and it can be done using it. > >I wrote a -- IMHO -- really great functiongraphing program using vpython. > >If you would like to see it, just reply and say so. > > > > > Out of curiosity, I would like to see your program. There's always > something to learn (and even more so for me, being a newbie) > > >Please tell me what you are using to plot the points. (big grin) Vpython, > >wxpython, what? > >I'm curious--it's just someone else is working on a project that I'm working > >on... > > > > > At the moment, nothing :-s > I'm learning Phyton, and I thought that this would be an interesting > challenge. For what I've seen, Tkinter's Canvas 'could possibly' do the > job. I still have to try it out. In case that didn't work, I was > thinking in looking through wxpython. > > > >To help you out. > >You need some sort of error checking to be sure that within your given range > >you > >won't get something like a math domain error. > > > > > Yes, I thought that: > try: > #function > exception: > pass > > > >If you want more suggestions, ask > >Please, tell me how you're doing. It sounds interesting. > > > > > At the moment, I have almost nothing. After John Fouhy's replies I have > rewritten the few lines I had at least three times :o) > It will be simple, I intend to support viewing specific parts of the > function (instead of a fixed view), multiple graphs, perhaps an option > to save/load functions. I first made a program like this in Qbasic 4.5, > and thought doing it again in Python with an interface and more advanced > options may be very entretaining. :-) I can send you the source/exe if > you want (sadly you can't choose what you want to see in the exe > version, the function must be hard-coded). > > Thanks > Ismael > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
Jacob S. wrote: eval() is good and it can be done using it. I wrote a -- IMHO -- really great functiongraphing program using vpython. If you would like to see it, just reply and say so. Out of curiosity, I would like to see your program. There's always something to learn (and even more so for me, being a newbie) Please tell me what you are using to plot the points. (big grin) Vpython, wxpython, what? I'm curious--it's just someone else is working on a project that I'm working on... At the moment, nothing :-s I'm learning Phyton, and I thought that this would be an interesting challenge. For what I've seen, Tkinter's Canvas 'could possibly' do the job. I still have to try it out. In case that didn't work, I was thinking in looking through wxpython. To help you out. You need some sort of error checking to be sure that within your given range you won't get something like a math domain error. Yes, I thought that: try: #function exception: pass If you want more suggestions, ask Please, tell me how you're doing. It sounds interesting. At the moment, I have almost nothing. After John Fouhy's replies I have rewritten the few lines I had at least three times :o) It will be simple, I intend to support viewing specific parts of the function (instead of a fixed view), multiple graphs, perhaps an option to save/load functions. I first made a program like this in Qbasic 4.5, and thought doing it again in Python with an interface and more advanced options may be very entretaining. :-) I can send you the source/exe if you want (sadly you can't choose what you want to see in the exe version, the function must be hard-coded). Thanks Ismael ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
I wondered when someone would ask something like this. eval() is good and it can be done using it. I wrote a -- IMHO -- really great functiongraphing program using vpython. If you would like to see it, just reply and say so. Pros and cons of calculating all first: pro - easier to read code con - user may feel insecure while the points are being calculated -- for example, say you type in a big, complicated function, and while the computer sits there and calculates the points, the user might feel that something is wrong. On the other hand, if you calculate each point on its own, points are immediately put on the screen so your user knows that the thing is working (if you get my drift) Please tell me what you are using to plot the points. (big grin) Vpython, wxpython, what? I'm curious--it's just someone else is working on a project that I'm working on... To help you out. You need some sort of error checking to be sure that within your given range you won't get something like a math domain error. Ex. y = 'sqrt(x)' x = -15 while -15<=x<=15: print eval(y) Gives you something like Traceback blah, blah ... Math domain error If you want more suggestions, ask Please, tell me how you're doing. It sounds interesting. HTH, Jacob Schmidt > Hello > > I am trying to make a program that will plot functions. For that, I need > to be able to get an input (the function to be plotted) and execute it. > So, my question is, how do I use the input? I have found no way to > convert the string to some kind of executable code. > > I did research the problem. And found two things, first, an > unsatisfactory solution from: > http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52217 > The code there, by means I cannot understand at all, executes a string > as code. To be usable I have to make my code a huge string. It is not > very elegant. > > The second possible solution I found was using eval, compile and/or > exec. But I do not understand what do they do, or how to use them, for > the matter. > > Related to the program I intend to do, which design would you say is > more intelligent: one that first calculates the whole function, stores > it, and then plots it; or one that calculates-plots-calc.-plot, and so on? > > Thanks for any information, and for your time. > Ismael > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Quoting Ismael Garrido <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: (Newbie looking scared) That's kind of hard for me... Parsing it myself is too complex for me. Also, I hoped Python's math would do the job for me, so I wouldn't have to make what's already done in Python. Writing (and understanding) grammar is probably easier than you think --- once you get over the syntax. And they are fantastically useful things for doing any sort of parsing. But no matter.. If you are interested in learning about parsing, I suggest looking at pyparsing - it is IMO the easiest of the Python parsing frameworks. It has an example that implements a four-function calculator so that would get you off in the right direction. http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net/ Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
You can you the exec statement to execute Python code from a string. The string could be from user input. So for example a user could input 'x*x' and you could do >>> inp = 'x*x' >>> func='def f(x): return ' + inp >>> func 'def f(x): return x*x' >>> exec func >>> f(3) 9 Now you have f(x) defined as a regular function and you can plot it the same as a function you wrote in your code. The user will have to use whatever variable name you expect. And this is a huge security hole, you shouldn't do it if you don't trust the users. Kent Ismael Garrido wrote: Hello I am trying to make a program that will plot functions. For that, I need to be able to get an input (the function to be plotted) and execute it. So, my question is, how do I use the input? I have found no way to convert the string to some kind of executable code. I did research the problem. And found two things, first, an unsatisfactory solution from: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52217 The code there, by means I cannot understand at all, executes a string as code. To be usable I have to make my code a huge string. It is not very elegant. The second possible solution I found was using eval, compile and/or exec. But I do not understand what do they do, or how to use them, for the matter. Related to the program I intend to do, which design would you say is more intelligent: one that first calculates the whole function, stores it, and then plots it; or one that calculates-plots-calc.-plot, and so on? Thanks for any information, and for your time. Ismael ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
Quoting Ismael Garrido <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> (Newbie looking scared) That's kind of hard for me... Parsing it myself
> is too complex for me. Also, I hoped Python's math would do the job for
> me, so I wouldn't have to make what's already done in Python.
Writing (and understanding) grammar is probably easier than you think --- once
you get over the syntax. And they are fantastically useful things for doing any
sort of parsing. But no matter..
> For what I understood of Mr. Clarke's mail, eval() would do the job (in
> spite of the security problem, I'm not concerned about that). Is that
> correct? I guess I'll go read about that a bit more.
Yeah, probably. For example:
>>> from math import *
>>> x = 3
>>> y = 2
>>> eval("2*x + 3*sin(x + y)")
3.1232271760105847
Note that if I had done "import math" instead of "from math import *", it would
not have worked, because "sin" would not have been defined.
So you could do something like:
def evalAt(function, x):
""" Evaluate a function (as a string) at a given point. """
return eval(function)
# This is equivalent to: evalAt = lambda function, x: eval(function)
myFun = "2*x + 3*sin(x + y)"
evalFunction = lambda x: evalAt(myFun, x)
xPoints = [x / 1.0 for x in xrange(1)]
yPoints = map(evalFunction, xPoints)
One problem with this approach is that you are required to use 'x' as the
variable when you are typing in your function.
Oh, to answer your other question: It is almost certainly better to calculate
the points first, and then plot them.
--
John.
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Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Quoting Ismael Garrido <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: I am trying to make a program that will plot functions. For that, I need to be able to get an input (the function to be plotted) and execute it. > > >So you want the user to be able to type something like "f(x) = sin(2*x)" and >then your program will plot it --- is that correct? Yes, that's what I want. >Maybe you could parse it yourself? I have found SimpleParse quite easy to use >--- http://simpleparse.sourceforge.net/ . You will need to write your own >grammar to describe functions (Newbie looking scared) That's kind of hard for me... Parsing it myself is too complex for me. Also, I hoped Python's math would do the job for me, so I wouldn't have to make what's already done in Python. For what I understood of Mr. Clarke's mail, eval() would do the job (in spite of the security problem, I'm not concerned about that). Is that correct? I guess I'll go read about that a bit more. Thanks for your replies. Ismael ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Input to python executable code and design question
Eep.
On Mon, 10 Jan 2005 13:04:33 +1300, Liam Clarke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I think you're looking for eval() - but that's a big security hole,
> and wouldn't handle f(x) notation overly well, unless you parse like
> John said.
>
>
> On Mon, 10 Jan 2005 12:52:24 +1300 (NZDT), [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Quoting Ismael Garrido <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> >
> > > I am trying to make a program that will plot functions. For that, I need
> > > to be able to get an input (the function to be plotted) and execute it.
> > > So, my question is, how do I use the input? I have found no way to
> > > convert the string to some kind of executable code.
> >
> > So you want the user to be able to type something like "f(x) = sin(2*x)" and
> > then your program will plot it --- is that correct?
> >
> > Maybe you could parse it yourself? I have found SimpleParse quite easy to
> > use
> > --- http://simpleparse.sourceforge.net/ . You will need to write your own
> > grammar to describe functions --- something like this, I guess:
> >
> > eqn := fname, '(', varlist, ')=', expr
> > varlist := var, (',', var)*
> >
> > expr := atom, (binop, atom)?
> > atom := var / (fun, '(', expr, ')') / num
> > fun := 'sin' / 'cos' / 'tan' / ...
> >
> > var := char
> > fname := char+
> > num := digit+
> > binop := '+' / '*' / '/' / '-'
> >
> > char := [a-zA-Z]
> > digit := [0-9]
> >
> > although you will need to work on that to get the precedence right and avoid
> > undesired recursion and the like. SimpleParse will give you a tree (made of
> > nested tuples) representing your function. You can then have a go at
> > converting
> > the tree to a function.
> >
> > I guess the standard way to do this would be something like:
> >
> > def convert(node):
> > functionName = node[0]
> > children = node[1]
> > if functionName == '*':
> > return convert(children[0]) * convert(children[1])
> > elif functionName == '+':
> > ...
> >
> > But you may be able to come up with something more clever.
> >
> > Hope this helps.
> >
> > --
> > John.
> > ___
> > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> >
>
>
> --
> 'There is only one basic human right, and that is to do as you damn well
> please.
> And with it comes the only basic human duty, to take the consequences.
>
--
'There is only one basic human right, and that is to do as you damn well please.
And with it comes the only basic human duty, to take the consequences.
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