RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp
I have a blank page appearing when a null forward is returned. How is your input page attribute in the validator form set? May be Struts is trying to forward to a null forward so blank page appears. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Lunes, 21 de Junio de 2004 11:20 a.m. To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a blank jsp page. It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and "Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the ActionForm should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation after that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() returns errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just a blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Here is my JSP <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> username: password: My STRUTS-CONFIG My ActionForm /** * Form bean for the user signon page. */ public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { private String password; private String username; public LogonForm(){ password = ""; username = ""; } //getters and setters are here public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); return errors; } Thanks in advance! -Lynne - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] NOTA DE CONFIDENCIALIDAD Este mensaje (y sus anexos) es confidencial, esta dirigido exclusivamente a las personas direccionadas en el mail y puede contener informacion (i)de propiedad exclusiva de Interbanking S.A. o (ii) amparada por el secreto profesional. Cualquier opinion en el contenido, es exclusiva de su autor y no representa necesariamente la opinion de Interbanking S.A. El acceso no autorizado, uso, reproduccion, o divulgacion esta prohibido. Interbanking S.A no asumira responsabilidad ni obligacion legal alguna por cualquier informacion incorrecta o alterada contenida en este mensaje. Si usted ha recibido este mensaje por error, le rogamos tenga la amabilidad de destruirlo inmediatamente junto con todas las copias del mismo, notificando al remitente. No debera utilizar, revelar, distribuir, imprimir o copiar este mensaje ni ninguna de sus partes si usted no es el destinatario. Muchas gracias. - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ActionForm returning blank jsp
I have a blank page appearing when a null forward is returned. How is your input page attribute in the validator form set? May be Struts is trying to forward to a null forward so blank page appears. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Lunes, 21 de Junio de 2004 11:20 a.m. To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a blank jsp page. It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and "Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the ActionForm should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation after that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() returns errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just a blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Here is my JSP <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> username: password: My STRUTS-CONFIG My ActionForm /** * Form bean for the user signon page. */ public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { private String password; private String username; public LogonForm(){ password = ""; username = ""; } //getters and setters are here public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); return errors; } Thanks in advance! -Lynne - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] NOTA DE CONFIDENCIALIDAD Este mensaje (y sus anexos) es confidencial, esta dirigido exclusivamente a las personas direccionadas en el mail y puede contener informacion (i)de propiedad exclusiva de Interbanking S.A. o (ii) amparada por el secreto profesional. Cualquier opinion en el contenido, es exclusiva de su autor y no representa necesariamente la opinion de Interbanking S.A. El acceso no autorizado, uso, reproduccion, o divulgacion esta prohibido. Interbanking S.A no asumira responsabilidad ni obligacion legal alguna por cualquier informacion incorrecta o alterada contenida en este mensaje. Si usted ha recibido este mensaje por error, le rogamos tenga la amabilidad de destruirlo inmediatamente junto con todas las copias del mismo, notificando al remitente. No debera utilizar, revelar, distribuir, imprimir o copiar este mensaje ni ninguna de sus partes si usted no es el destinatario. Muchas gracias. - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ActionForm returning blank jsp
One thing I noticed is that on your JSP the is inside the -- it should be vice-versa -- the needs to be inside the I have seen cases of a blank JSP when I am forwarding to an invalid or unknown page. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks for your help, Frank. I tried changing my code to match yours and unfortunately got the same results...a blank (empty) jsp page. It is so weird that it works in my LogonAction class but not the ActionForm. I have used the ActionErrors class a hundred times in ActionForms and this one is no different that any other. I have a feeling that something is wrong in the web.xml since my code looks right. -Lynne -Original Message- From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:44 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp Sorry, I didn't see that tag. Hmm, I'm not sure then. One thing I notice is that the code in your ActionForm adding the errors looks a little different than what I have, not sure it would matter though. Here's what I have: errors.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE, new ActionError("messages.userIDBlank", "UserID")); Frank From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:34:04 -0500 Yes, it is literally returning a blank document. The errors should be displayed in the jsp using the tag. -Original Message- From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:30 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp When you say the JSP is blank, do you mean you are literally getting a blank document back, or do you simply mean the errors are not being displayed? If the later, I don't see anywhere that you are displaying the errors. Trying adding the following before your form: From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:20:02 -0500 I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a blank jsp page. It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and "Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the ActionForm should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation after that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() returns errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just a blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Here is my JSP <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> username: password: My STRUTS-CONFIG My ActionForm /** * Form bean for the user signon page. */ public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { private String password; private String username; public LogonForm(){ password = ""; username = ""; } //getters and setters are here public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); return errors; } Thanks in advance! -Lynne - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] _ From 'will you?' to 'I do,' MSN Life Events is your resource for Getting Married. http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=married - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___
RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp
Thanks for your help, Frank. I tried changing my code to match yours and unfortunately got the same results...a blank (empty) jsp page. It is so weird that it works in my LogonAction class but not the ActionForm. I have used the ActionErrors class a hundred times in ActionForms and this one is no different that any other. I have a feeling that something is wrong in the web.xml since my code looks right. -Lynne -Original Message- From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:44 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp Sorry, I didn't see that tag. Hmm, I'm not sure then. One thing I notice is that the code in your ActionForm adding the errors looks a little different than what I have, not sure it would matter though. Here's what I have: errors.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE, new ActionError("messages.userIDBlank", "UserID")); Frank >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp >Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:34:04 -0500 > >Yes, it is literally returning a blank document. >The errors should be displayed in the jsp using the tag. > > >-Original Message- >From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] >Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:30 AM >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp > > >When you say the JSP is blank, do you mean you are literally getting a >blank > >document back, or do you simply mean the errors are not being displayed? >If > >the later, I don't see anywhere that you are displaying the errors. Trying >adding the following before your form: > > > > > > > > > > > > >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp > >Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:20:02 -0500 > > > >I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a > >blank > >jsp page. > >It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" >and > >"Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered > >something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the > >ActionForm > >should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation > >after > >that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in > >system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() > >returns > >errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, >just > >a > >blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. > > > >Here is my JSP > > > ><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> > ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> > ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> > ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> > > > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> > > >marginheight="0" class=bg> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > username: > > > > > > > > > > password: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >My STRUTS-CONFIG > > > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> > > > > > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonAction" > >name="logonForm" > >scope="request" > >validate="true" > >input="/logon.jsp"> > > > > > > > > > >My ActionForm > > > >/** > > * Form bean for the user signon page. > > */ > >public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { > > > > private String password; > > private String username; > > > > public LogonForm(){ > > password = ""; > > username = ""; > > } > > > >//getters and setters are here > > > >public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpSe
RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp
Sorry, I didn't see that tag. Hmm, I'm not sure then. One thing I notice is that the code in your ActionForm adding the errors looks a little different than what I have, not sure it would matter though. Here's what I have: errors.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE, new ActionError("messages.userIDBlank", "UserID")); Frank From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:34:04 -0500 Yes, it is literally returning a blank document. The errors should be displayed in the jsp using the tag. -Original Message- From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:30 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp When you say the JSP is blank, do you mean you are literally getting a blank document back, or do you simply mean the errors are not being displayed? If the later, I don't see anywhere that you are displaying the errors. Trying adding the following before your form: >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp >Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:20:02 -0500 > >I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a >blank >jsp page. >It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and >"Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered >something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the >ActionForm >should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation >after >that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in >system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() >returns >errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just >a >blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. > >Here is my JSP > ><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> > >marginheight="0" class=bg> > > > > > > > > username: > > > > > password: > > > > > > > > > > > > >My STRUTS-CONFIG > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> > > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonAction" >name="logonForm" >scope="request" >validate="true" >input="/logon.jsp"> > > > > >My ActionForm > >/** > * Form bean for the user signon page. > */ >public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { > > private String password; > private String username; > > public LogonForm(){ > password = ""; > username = ""; > } > >//getters and setters are here > >public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest >request) >{ > ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); > > if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) > errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); > > if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) > errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); > > > return errors; >} > > >Thanks in advance! >-Lynne > >- >To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > _ From 'will you?' to 'I do,' MSN Life Events is your resource for Getting Married. http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=married - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] _ From will you? to I do, MSN Life Events is your resource for Getting Married. http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=married - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp
Yes, it is literally returning a blank document. The errors should be displayed in the jsp using the tag. -Original Message- From: Frank Zammetti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, June 21, 2004 9:30 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp When you say the JSP is blank, do you mean you are literally getting a blank document back, or do you simply mean the errors are not being displayed? If the later, I don't see anywhere that you are displaying the errors. Trying adding the following before your form: >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp >Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:20:02 -0500 > >I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a >blank >jsp page. >It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and >"Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered >something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the >ActionForm >should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation >after >that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in >system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() >returns >errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just >a >blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. > >Here is my JSP > ><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> ><%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> >marginheight="0" class=bg> > > > > > > > > username: > > > > > password: > > > > > > > > > > > > >My STRUTS-CONFIG > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonForm"> > > >type="biz.books.logon.LogonAction" >name="logonForm" >scope="request" >validate="true" >input="/logon.jsp"> > > > > >My ActionForm > >/** > * Form bean for the user signon page. > */ >public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { > > private String password; > private String username; > > public LogonForm(){ > password = ""; > username = ""; > } > >//getters and setters are here > >public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest >request) >{ > ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); > > if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) > errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); > > if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) > errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); > > > return errors; >} > > >Thanks in advance! >-Lynne > >- >To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > _ >From 'will you?' to 'I do,' MSN Life Events is your resource for Getting Married. http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=married - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: ActionForm returning blank jsp
When you say the JSP is blank, do you mean you are literally getting a blank document back, or do you simply mean the errors are not being displayed? If the later, I don't see anywhere that you are displaying the errors. Trying adding the following before your form: From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: "Struts Users Mailing List" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ActionForm returning blank jsp Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2004 09:20:02 -0500 I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a blank jsp page. It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and "Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the ActionForm should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation after that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() returns errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just a blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Here is my JSP <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> username: password: My STRUTS-CONFIG My ActionForm /** * Form bean for the user signon page. */ public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { private String password; private String username; public LogonForm(){ password = ""; username = ""; } //getters and setters are here public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); return errors; } Thanks in advance! -Lynne - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] _ From will you? to I do, MSN Life Events is your resource for Getting Married. http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=married - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ActionForm returning blank jsp
I am having a problem with my ActionForm validate() method returning a blank jsp page. It is a very simple logon.jsp with only two required fields "username" and "Password" The ActionForm validates that the user has in fact entered something in both fields. If the user has left a field blank, the ActionForm should return an error, "please enter a username", etc. All validation after that is performed in the logonAction execute() such as "user not found in system", "invalid username, password" etc. The LogonAction execute() returns errors to the logon.jsp as it should. My logonForm however, does not, just a blank (empty) jsp page. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Here is my JSP <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" language="java" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %> username: password: My STRUTS-CONFIG My ActionForm /** * Form bean for the user signon page. */ public class LogonForm extends ActionForm { private String password; private String username; public LogonForm(){ password = ""; username = ""; } //getters and setters are here public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors(); if ((username == null) || (username.length() < 1)) errors.add("username", new ActionError("error.noUsername")); if ((password == null) || (password.length() < 1)) errors.add("password", new ActionError("error.noPassword")); return errors; } Thanks in advance! -Lynne - To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]