RE: [Vo]: Re: Optics question
Thanks for the prompt reply. I want one of these: http://www.wiredathomeblog.com/blog/laser_dlp/index.html (Texas Instruments DLP arrays switch in 2uS and the mirrors are still larger than optical wavelengths.) A related question: As the micromirrors shrink to sizes below the wavelength of visible light, we must now do some signal processing to create what is really a hologram rather than just a pixel map. Is that kind of processing done now? Is it feasible in the future? The semiconductor industry already creates "phase masks" that account for the wave properties of light at around 32 nm, so the projected image on the silicon is the precise layout they want, but I guess that takes quite a bit of computer power, not feasible in real time. -Original Message- From: Mike Carrell [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Saturday, January 06, 2007 7:44 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]: Re: Optics question The answer is almost certainly no. Decades ago,while at the Sarnoff laboratories of RCA, TI had a study of their DLP optics going, one of several. Because of the small deflection angle of the mirrors, it was very, very tricky to effectively focus the light from the source on the mirror array, without losing a lot of the light. RCA's results were not accepted in the end; I don't know how it is done now in the commercial units. 'Recycling' the dumped light is apt to be very tricky indeed. It is wasteful, and the lifetime of the HID lamps is limited and its replacement is expensive -- so there is an appreciable expense in operating a DLP TV. The intensity of each pixel is controlled by the duty cycle of its mirror, which has to switch very fast indeed between on and off. Laser illumination would solve some problems and might be used for DLP theater projection, which is gaining momentum. Using three DLP arrays might be advantageous there also, avoiding the use of a color wheel. Mike Carrell > > > In a digital light processing (DLP) display, a light source (soon to be a > tri color laser) projects on an array of movable mirrors. The light for > the > dark parts of the image are sent to a beam dump. That seems wasteful. Is > it possible to collect that light and re-introduce it into the primary > source? > > Hoyt Stearns > Scottsdale, Arizona US > http://HoytStearns.com > > > > This Email has been scanned for all viruses by Medford Leas I.T. > Department. >
[Vo]: Re:[VO]: Hydro Hub
BlankRobin wrote.. What do you think of this:- http://www.aquasonics.com/tech.html ? http://www.h2ovap.com/annual-report.php?atnavid=2 http://ezekielproject.org/desalinate.shtml Howdy Robin, Depends on what will happen now.. lloks ike Aquasonics was acquired by h2ovap. Notice Ezekiel project mentions an Australian project.. how is it going ? The problem with this process appears to be the same problem at Carslbad Caverns.. scraping carbonates off the walls takes all the fun out of work. Richard Blank Bkgrd.gif Description: GIF image
Re: [Vo]: Hydro Hub
In reply to Jed Rothwell's message of Sat, 6 Jan 2007 11:28:22 -0500 (GMT-05:00): Hi, [snip] >Robin van Spaandonk writes: > >>>That is not true. If the RO process is 40 times more efficient than MSF (as >>>it was in some situations, in some locations), then even though 60% of the >>>heat used to generate the electricity is wasted, the overall efficiency is >>>still far ahead of MSF. This is similar to the use of heat pumps instead of >>>gas fired furnaces for space heating. >> >>No it isn't. The energy cost for MSF can be essentially zero, when attached >>to a >>thermal power plant, because that heat is normally thrown away anyway. > >Ah, I see your point. However, RO might be a good choice in areas served by >wind power or nuclear power, especially at night. Yes, as long as there is an energy surplus, and a water shortage, there can be a place for RO. However if plug in hybrids become widely used, then the disparity in power usage between day and night may largely disappear. BTW Shuaiba's design specs. are 150 GL / annum from a 780 MW power plant. If we assume that the power plant is operational 365 days a year (best case), then it produces about 22 L of water in addition to the production of every kWh of energy. Based on my consumption of electricity, this would also easily supply my water needs. [snip] Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ Competition provides the motivation, Cooperation provides the means.
[Vo]: Re: Optics question
The answer is almost certainly no. Decades ago,while at the Sarnoff laboratories of RCA, TI had a study of their DLP optics going, one of several. Because of the small deflection angle of the mirrors, it was very, very tricky to effectively focus the light from the source on the mirror array, without losing a lot of the light. RCA's results were not accepted in the end; I don't know how it is done now in the commercial units. 'Recycling' the dumped light is apt to be very tricky indeed. It is wasteful, and the lifetime of the HID lamps is limited and its replacement is expensive -- so there is an appreciable expense in operating a DLP TV. The intensity of each pixel is controlled by the duty cycle of its mirror, which has to switch very fast indeed between on and off. Laser illumination would solve some problems and might be used for DLP theater projection, which is gaining momentum. Using three DLP arrays might be advantageous there also, avoiding the use of a color wheel. Mike Carrell In a digital light processing (DLP) display, a light source (soon to be a tri color laser) projects on an array of movable mirrors. The light for the dark parts of the image are sent to a beam dump. That seems wasteful. Is it possible to collect that light and re-introduce it into the primary source? Hoyt Stearns Scottsdale, Arizona US http://HoytStearns.com This Email has been scanned for all viruses by Medford Leas I.T. Department.
Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets
In reply to Michel Jullian's message of Sat, 6 Jan 2007 17:24:05 +0100: Hi, [snip] >Thanks for confirming Stephen, your maths look ok to me; > >What you call "waste" heat can be turned into useful backwards radiation with >a proper reflector can't it? I even wonder if a thermonuclear engine producing >just heat could not be turned into an efficient photon drive. P.S. It seems it >could, according to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_photonic_rocket While true that a photonic rocket is most efficient if all the fuel mass is converted to photons, it may not be true if that isn't possible. IOW all our current fuel sources only convert a tiny fraction of the mass into energy. This is even true of nuclear reactions. (Not true however of anti-matter reactions). So if we are stuck with a fuel that is largely going to end up as dead weight, then perhaps we are better off ejecting it out the exhaust, rather than hanging on to it, and trying to accelerate it further. Ejecting it has the further advantage that we get a much larger thrust for the same energy expenditure. Sorry, I don't feel like breaking my brain trying to do the math on this one. ;) [snip] Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ Competition provides the motivation, Cooperation provides the means.
Re: [VO]:Re: Hydro Hub
In reply to RC Macaulay's message of Sat, 6 Jan 2007 07:35:43 -0600: Hi Richard, [snip] >BlankInteresting comparison between R-O and MSF Triple flash distillation >methods of desal. Thankfully, we have both processes. Each process has it's >benefits and advantages. > > Our tiny manufacturing company struggles with research in methods of reducing > the mineral content of brackish and seawater prior to entering the > pre-filters of the R-O membrane trains. One of the functions of a water > vortex is it's ability to create a vacuum when the spin is induced by > mechanical means. We have closely studied the MSF processes and the > comparative efficencies vs R-O, in particular , the temperature differentials > between the flash stages. One of our test setups include a two stage Lazell > Flow Nozzle ( expander rather than a throat venturi effect). The purpose is > to determine if we can get the flash without the added cost of heating. >Hmmm.. a sort of a hybrid MSF- RO.. (sounds like the lyrics to RAP music. >) What do you think of this:- http://www.aquasonics.com/tech.html ? Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ Competition provides the motivation, Cooperation provides the means.
[Vo]: Optics question
In a digital light processing (DLP) display, a light source (soon to be a tri color laser) projects on an array of movable mirrors. The light for the dark parts of the image are sent to a beam dump. That seems wasteful. Is it possible to collect that light and re-introduce it into the primary source? Hoyt Stearns Scottsdale, Arizona US http://HoytStearns.com
RE: [Vo]: Low-Heat-to-Electricity Conversion
An "AHA" post on one of the STEORN ( http://www.steorn.net ) forums brought up the point that not only does their motor produce energy, but when run in reverse is a non-thermal energy sink ( it doesn't get hot ). When thinking of powering laptop computers and cell phones with unlimited energy devices, the problem becomes heat dissipation rather than saving the battery, so now using a reverse STEORN motor, we need an efficient device to collect heat from high power semiconductor devices and convert it to mechanical energy to squirt into a STEORN sink (so your cell phone remains cool). Any Ideas? Hoyt Stearns Scottsdale, Arizona US http://HoytStearns.com -Original Message- From: DonW [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] S http://pesn.com/Radio/Free_Energy_Now/shows/2007/01/06/9700221_Eneco_thermal _electric/ ENECO Engineering Low-Heat-to-Electricity Conversion for Market ENECO chips could replace the Stirling engine in Stirling Energy System's (SES) commercial solar arrays, producing electricity at approximately twice the efficiency but at half the cost. Inversely, if electricity is applied to the die, a refrigeration effect is evoked, potentially going down as low as minus 200°C. This, likewise, has a wide range of commercial applications, such as cooling computer systems. ENECO envisions harnessing the heat produced in a laptop motherboard, for example, and then using that energy to cool the essential components.
[Vo]: Low-Heat-to-Electricity Conversion
http://pesn.com/Radio/Free_Energy_Now/shows/2007/01/06/9700221_Eneco_thermal _electric/ ENECO Engineering Low-Heat-to-Electricity Conversion for Market ENECO chips could replace the Stirling engine in Stirling Energy System's (SES) commercial solar arrays, producing electricity at approximately twice the efficiency but at half the cost. Inversely, if electricity is applied to the die, a refrigeration effect is evoked, potentially going down as low as minus 200°C. This, likewise, has a wide range of commercial applications, such as cooling computer systems. ENECO envisions harnessing the heat produced in a laptop motherboard, for example, and then using that energy to cool the essential components. "The science is done", says Brown. "Now we just need to engineer this for production," The company was established in 1991 by Hal Fox in connection with cold fusion research being performed by Pons and Fleishmann at the University of Utah. ENECO was tasked with finding a way of efficiently harnessing low-level heat. In order to be feasible, cold fusion needed a method of converting low-level heat into electricity.
Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets
In reply to Michel Jullian's message of Sat, 6 Jan 2007 10:27:41 +0100: Hi, [snip] >Aren't photon rockets supposed to be the most efficient of all? > >Michel Yes, however the thrust is worthless, particularly when considering Earth to space vehicles. Perhaps I should have said "...be far and away the most efficient practical way...". What I was trying to get at, is the fact that it would be far more efficient than going through a conversion process and then using e.g. an ion drive. > >- Original Message - >From: "Robin van Spaandonk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >To: >Sent: Friday, January 05, 2007 9:46 PM >Subject: Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets > > >> In reply to Jed Rothwell's message of Thu, 04 Jan 2007 15:56:22 -0500: >> Hi, >> [snip] >>>None. But suppose only CF is made practical, and the temperature is >>>limited to, say, 1000 deg C. I suppose that would call for a two- or >>>three-stage approach, starting with heat to electricity. >>> >> Not necessarily. It is becoming evident that when CF actually occurs, alpha >> particles are the usual nuclear product. It may become possible to arrange >> for >> them to be ejected directly rather than undergoing any form of conversion at >> all. Multi-MeV alphas would yield a very interesting specific impulse, and >> also >> be far and away the most efficient way of utilizing the fuel. >> >> Regards, >> >> Robin van Spaandonk >> >> http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ >> >> Competition provides the motivation, >> Cooperation provides the means. >> Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ Competition provides the motivation, Cooperation provides the means.
Re: [Vo]: Re: Evaporating Dirac's Sea
On 1/6/07, Jones Beene <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Like it ! ... except for the choice of the word "evaporate" as it can imply that the epo somehow disappears. But, it actually would. You drag one of the pair out of the orthogonal dimensions by striking the leading edge of the Planck time increment with the field, which, BTW, might be present although the epo wave equation cannot change faster than 10 ^24 s. As the epo wave rotates and encounters this field, some are phase shifted into our dimension. The pair literally destruct leaving some vectorial fraction of 1.022 MeV of energy in our 3d space. I don't think anyone has considered this one. The magnetic field would be pumping energy from another dimension. I'm thinking about writing Hotson to get his take on this idea. You know, he never addressed magnetism. ;-) Hmmm, I wonder if this could damage our 3d space? Terry
[Vo]: Re: Evaporating Dirac's Sea
Do PM ou devices evaporate Dirac's sea? Terry Like it ! ... except for the choice of the word "evaporate" as it can imply that the epo somehow disappears. Another slightly misleading connotation comes from the use of "negative energy" because the "negative" part most likely refers to a spatial constraint (reciprocal space) rather than a "real" energy deficit (i.e. being in another dimension, or at least on the interface and therefor virtual as opposed to real). Positive energy in reciprocal-space looks to us like it could be negative energy. But in both cases, there probably are few better short descriptors to use, so why quibble. If my slant on this is correct, "evaporate" could be changed to "renormalize". Which has its own problems, and that only means any short verbalization is going to be misleading in some way. Let me add a couple of other thoughts to this putative situation - i.e the possibility of achieving OU by cohering positive energy in real space from the "wave action" of the epo field, which is ebbing and flooding on the interface of our 3-space and Dirac's "reciprocal space" (which can be a 4th spatial dimension, or else just a mathematical abstraction). How does one raise-a-sail in your reciprocal space, PAM? Is the answer blowing in the wind? Here are some winch-handles for leverage: 1) The laws of thermodynamics in our 3-space will likely hold, so there should be a cooling of the OU device which is commensurate with electrical power or torque which is extracted from "free" rotation or motion - and that cooling may be a limiting factor in how much energy can be extracted. This may be the best way of detecting that some progress is being made in experiments, however. 2) The so-called "neutrino" (at least one of the varieties) may be involved in this process. IOW there is a neutrino variety (I hesitate to broaden this hypothesis too much, so as to avoid encompassing the electron-antineutrino which could be a different beast) ... and which variety can be best described as NOT a particle at all but a "disrupted travelling wave" in the epo field. 3) The neutrino started out as a kludge and total "fiction" - an invented particle which was used to balance the books of nuclear energy events, where lesser energy was seen in our 3-space than should have been there. It has proved to be a pretty accurate fiction in many respects, and the idea stuck, and has been expanded in many ways. Here is a decent web site dedicated to the discovery of neutrin and its (occasionally seen) MASS and and its (occasionally seen) OSCILLATION: http://www.phys.hawaii.edu/~jgl/nuosc_story.html ...they seem to change identities from massless, perhaps due to the "negative energy" to massive. This can be possilby due to stimulation, or this can happen slowly over time, as neutrinos travel away from the nuclear event which created them). IOW a solar-neutrino can seem to become 'massive' and interact with matter when the epo wave (which is what they really are) is disrupted into 3-space, following which: real matter is affected) IMHO, and this is more of a semantics issue, there is/was NEVER any 'real' mass to the neutrino - no matter how it oscillates since it is all-wave and zero particle in our 3-space, but unlike the photon, which has mass-energy in our 3-space no matter what it does, the mass-energy of the neutrino must be "force" by a field effect or passage of time (i.e. "time" is a field). 4) A magnetic field may disprupt the normally hidden wave pattern in the solar neutrino flux (which is propagating as traveling-waves in the epo field and normally does not interact with matter, without that "sail" which is the temporary disruption) OK - why attempt to be verbally precise with something which is unproven, and perhaps even a mathematical abstraction, and at the expense of confusing a complicated situation... anyway? hmmm nomen est numen ? If math can be precise, then why can't just words can get us part of the way there ? Jones
[Vo]: Evaporating Dirac's Sea
Assuming you can get positive energy from a permanent magnet, could the aligned spins of electrons be shifting the spin phase of PAMD's epos? Could the field's effect on the leading edge of Planck time's increment cause an orthogonal diversion of the positron? While dragging it's mated electron with it, is the negative energy of the epo converted to positive energy? We think of negative energy to be a "lower" energy state; but, suppose it's simply a path the oscillating epos take. A slight rotation of the spin might change the sign of the energy state converting negative energy into positive energy. Do PM ou devices evaporate Dirac's sea? Terry
Re: [Vo]: For Jed's CF-powered Mars Mission
A stone falling to the ground accelerates without a propellant. Harry Jones Beene wrote: > Needs Zero propellant, like a putative photon (laser) drive, but > presumably (if we can believe anyone who lives next to Disneyland) with > a bit more specific impulse (a few quadrillion times more) > > > United States Patent 6,347,766 Woodward , et al. February 19, 2002 > > -- > Method and apparatus for generating propulsive forces without the > ejection of propellant > > Abstract > Mach's principle and local Lorentz-invariance together yield the > prediction of transient rest mass fluctuations in accelerated objects. > These restmass fluctuations, in both principle and practice, can be > quite large and, in principle at least, negative. They suggest that > exotic space time transport devices may be feasible, the least exotic > being "impulse engines", devices that can produce accelerations without > ejecting any material exhaust. Such "impulse engines" rely on inducing > transient mass fluctuations in conventional electrical circuit > components and combining them with a mechanically coupled pulsed thrust > to produce propulsive forces without the ejection of any propellant. The > invention comprises a method of producing propellant-less thrust by > using force transducers (piezoelectric devices or their magnetic > equivalents) attached to resonant mechanical structures. The force > transducers are driven by two (or more) phase-locked voltage waveforms > so that the transient mass fluctuation and mechanical excursion needed > to produce a stationary thrust are both produced in the transducer itself.
[Vo]: For Jed's CF-powered Mars Mission
Needs Zero propellant, like a putative photon (laser) drive, but presumably (if we can believe anyone who lives next to Disneyland) with a bit more specific impulse (a few quadrillion times more) United States Patent 6,347,766 Woodward , et al. February 19, 2002 -- Method and apparatus for generating propulsive forces without the ejection of propellant Abstract Mach's principle and local Lorentz-invariance together yield the prediction of transient rest mass fluctuations in accelerated objects. These restmass fluctuations, in both principle and practice, can be quite large and, in principle at least, negative. They suggest that exotic space time transport devices may be feasible, the least exotic being "impulse engines", devices that can produce accelerations without ejecting any material exhaust. Such "impulse engines" rely on inducing transient mass fluctuations in conventional electrical circuit components and combining them with a mechanically coupled pulsed thrust to produce propulsive forces without the ejection of any propellant. The invention comprises a method of producing propellant-less thrust by using force transducers (piezoelectric devices or their magnetic equivalents) attached to resonant mechanical structures. The force transducers are driven by two (or more) phase-locked voltage waveforms so that the transient mass fluctuation and mechanical excursion needed to produce a stationary thrust are both produced in the transducer itself. -- Inventors: Woodward; James (Anaheim, CA), Mahood; Thomas (Irvine, CA) Appl. No.: 09/549,475Filed: April 14, 2000 -- Current U.S. Class: 244/62 ; 244/158.1; 244/171.5 Current International Class: B64G 1/22 (20060101); B64G 1/40 (20060101); H04R 23/00 (20060101) Field of Search: 244/62,172,158R,53R 60/203.1 Other References Woodward, "A New Experimental approach to Mach's principle and relativistic graviation" Foundations of physics letters, vol. 3, No. 5 1990..
[Vo]: Re: Tilt-Slab Solar Collector
A 4 inch thick concrete slab poured flat on the ground with embedded steel pipe doubling as reinforcing and water ducts, weighing about 50 pounds per square foot can be tilted up using hydraulic jacks. An easy task to install "glazing" adaptors in it before pouring. Styrofoam insulation panels attached to the back will allow its mass to provide added thermal storage. Hinging it at the bottom for tilt optimization using hydraulic cylinders is optional. Not much chance a 120 mph breeze will blow it away, especially if a portion of the bottom is buried in the ground, with an insulated 5,000 gallon concrete water storage tank behind it. My concrete contractor is charging me $3.75 per square foot (labor & materials) for 450 square ft (42 square meters) of sidewalk and an entryway pad. Fred
Re: [Vo]: Hydro Hub
Robin van Spaandonk writes: >>That is not true. If the RO process is 40 times more efficient than MSF (as >>it was in some situations, in some locations), then even though 60% of the >>heat used to generate the electricity is wasted, the overall efficiency is >>still far ahead of MSF. This is similar to the use of heat pumps instead of >>gas fired furnaces for space heating. > >No it isn't. The energy cost for MSF can be essentially zero, when attached to >a >thermal power plant, because that heat is normally thrown away anyway. Ah, I see your point. However, RO might be a good choice in areas served by wind power or nuclear power, especially at night. I believe there was a nuclear powered MSF/electric plant, or maybe only proposals for one (I do not recall). See: http://www.iaea.org/OurWork/ST/NE/NENP/NPTDS/Projects/nd/index.html - Jed
Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets
Thanks for confirming Stephen, your maths look ok to me; What you call "waste" heat can be turned into useful backwards radiation with a proper reflector can't it? I even wonder if a thermonuclear engine producing just heat could not be turned into an efficient photon drive. P.S. It seems it could, according to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_photonic_rocket Regarding long-range deadliness of the light beam I imagine it can be avoided by making it sufficiently uncollimated while keeping cos phi losses at an acceptable level. Besides I don't think the problem is photon-specific, any high-energy beam will be dangerous. Michel - Original Message - From: "Stephen A. Lawrence" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: Sent: Saturday, January 06, 2007 3:54 PM Subject: Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets > > > Michel Jullian wrote: >> Aren't photon rockets supposed to be the most efficient of all? > > Right. From the point of view of someone on the rocket, for ordinary > fuel, when a piece of fuel of mass dm is ejected, the momentum gained is > > dP = v_e dm > > so > > dP/dm = v_e > > For a photon rocket, if we use "v" for "nu" = frequency and "l" for > "lambda" = wavelength, then the momentum and energy of one photon is > >dP = h/l > >dE = h v > > and the mass-equivalent of the energy of that photon (which is the mass > the ship actually "loses" when the photon shoots out the exhaust) is > >dm = dE/c^2 = hv/c^2 > > So for a photon rocket, > >dP/dm = c^2 dP/dE = c > > and, of course, for ordinary fuel v_e < c so the photon rocket's always > more efficient, in terms of the amount of momentum gained for a given > amount of reaction mass consumed. > > But that doesn't take account of the amount of waste heat you generate > making the photons, nor does it take account of the fixed mass of the > equipment you need to carry to make the photons. Chemical rockets are a > lot simpler than high powered lasers. > > And speaking of lasers, you don't want to stand in back of a high-thrust > photon rocket -- not even far, far in back of it! Its "exhaust" is > likely to be a multi-gigawatt laser. > > >> >> Michel >> >> - Original Message - >> From: "Robin van Spaandonk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >> To: >> Sent: Friday, January 05, 2007 9:46 PM >> Subject: Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets >> >> >>> In reply to Jed Rothwell's message of Thu, 04 Jan 2007 15:56:22 -0500: >>> Hi, >>> [snip] None. But suppose only CF is made practical, and the temperature is limited to, say, 1000 deg C. I suppose that would call for a two- or three-stage approach, starting with heat to electricity. >>> Not necessarily. It is becoming evident that when CF actually occurs, alpha >>> particles are the usual nuclear product. It may become possible to arrange >>> for >>> them to be ejected directly rather than undergoing any form of conversion at >>> all. Multi-MeV alphas would yield a very interesting specific impulse, and >>> also >>> be far and away the most efficient way of utilizing the fuel. >>> >>> Regards, >>> >>> Robin van Spaandonk >>> >>> http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ >>> >>> Competition provides the motivation, >>> Cooperation provides the means. >>> >> >
[Vo]: Re: Hydro Hub
Add this thought into the mix... It is much more energy efficient to "atomize" (so-called) water into a mist or fog than it is to perform any form of true distillation. The advantage is perhaps in the range of orders of magnitude -say 100-1 (guess). Problem is - this does not imply that you get rid of any minerals since the atomized water mist will have the original mineral content entrained in the small droplets. However and this more of a query - is there any lower size range which is available for very small droplet size - which will expel some of the mineral content when used in a situation where other forces are applied? Thinking in particular about spraying an extremely fine mist through a crossed magnetic or magnetic-electic field such that an MHD effect will concentrate minerals in one vector and allow partially purified water to exit in another RC Macaulay wrote: Interesting comparison between R-O and MSF Triple flash distillation methods of desal. Thankfully, we have both processes. Each process has it's benefits and advantages. Our tiny manufacturing company struggles with research in methods of reducing the mineral content of brackish and seawater prior to entering the pre-filters of the R-O membrane trains. One of the functions of a water vortex is it's ability to create a vacuum when the spin is induced by mechanical means. We have closely studied the MSF processes and the comparative efficencies vs R-O, in particular , the temperature differentials between the flash stages. One of our test setups include a two stage Lazell Flow Nozzle ( expander rather than a throat venturi effect). The purpose is to determine if we can get the flash without the added cost of heating. Hmmm.. a sort of a hybrid MSF- RO.. (sounds like the lyrics to RAP music. ) Richard
Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets
Michel Jullian wrote: Aren't photon rockets supposed to be the most efficient of all? Right. From the point of view of someone on the rocket, for ordinary fuel, when a piece of fuel of mass dm is ejected, the momentum gained is dP = v_e dm so dP/dm = v_e For a photon rocket, if we use "v" for "nu" = frequency and "l" for "lambda" = wavelength, then the momentum and energy of one photon is dP = h/l dE = h v and the mass-equivalent of the energy of that photon (which is the mass the ship actually "loses" when the photon shoots out the exhaust) is dm = dE/c^2 = hv/c^2 So for a photon rocket, dP/dm = c^2 dP/dE = c and, of course, for ordinary fuel v_e < c so the photon rocket's always more efficient, in terms of the amount of momentum gained for a given amount of reaction mass consumed. But that doesn't take account of the amount of waste heat you generate making the photons, nor does it take account of the fixed mass of the equipment you need to carry to make the photons. Chemical rockets are a lot simpler than high powered lasers. And speaking of lasers, you don't want to stand in back of a high-thrust photon rocket -- not even far, far in back of it! Its "exhaust" is likely to be a multi-gigawatt laser. Michel - Original Message - From: "Robin van Spaandonk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: Sent: Friday, January 05, 2007 9:46 PM Subject: Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets In reply to Jed Rothwell's message of Thu, 04 Jan 2007 15:56:22 -0500: Hi, [snip] None. But suppose only CF is made practical, and the temperature is limited to, say, 1000 deg C. I suppose that would call for a two- or three-stage approach, starting with heat to electricity. Not necessarily. It is becoming evident that when CF actually occurs, alpha particles are the usual nuclear product. It may become possible to arrange for them to be ejected directly rather than undergoing any form of conversion at all. Multi-MeV alphas would yield a very interesting specific impulse, and also be far and away the most efficient way of utilizing the fuel. Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ Competition provides the motivation, Cooperation provides the means.
[VO]:Re: Hydro Hub
BlankInteresting comparison between R-O and MSF Triple flash distillation methods of desal. Thankfully, we have both processes. Each process has it's benefits and advantages. Our tiny manufacturing company struggles with research in methods of reducing the mineral content of brackish and seawater prior to entering the pre-filters of the R-O membrane trains. One of the functions of a water vortex is it's ability to create a vacuum when the spin is induced by mechanical means. We have closely studied the MSF processes and the comparative efficencies vs R-O, in particular , the temperature differentials between the flash stages. One of our test setups include a two stage Lazell Flow Nozzle ( expander rather than a throat venturi effect). The purpose is to determine if we can get the flash without the added cost of heating. Hmmm.. a sort of a hybrid MSF- RO.. (sounds like the lyrics to RAP music. ) Richard Blank Bkgrd.gif Description: GIF image
[Vo]: [Vo]: Re: Solar-Thermal vs Photovoltaic Collectors
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) concrete forms: In the mid 1970s I debugged boiler problems in a factory that made the Styrofoam "logs" that were ~4 ft wide by about a foot thick and 16 ft long that weighed about 65 pounds. Easy to set on end to cure before hot-wire cutting into panels, planks, or blocks etc. http://www.benchmarkfoam.com/benchmark/poly/default.asp http://www.benchmarkfoam.com/benchmark/products/cforming.asp Bubble- Wrap runs about $0.07 per square foot in rolls up to 4 feet wide by 250 feet long. http://www.packagingprice.com/forms/product_listing.cfm?CategoryID=10108&CFID=421578&CFTOKEN=76025033 Fred A solar-thermal collector using a heat engine for power generation offers many advantages over photovoltaic collectors. They can be built "from the ground up" by the "do-it-yourselfer" using precast concrete storage tanks (such as precast septic tanks) for water-heat storage allowing use of "heat depleted" water for comfort heating and act as a support for the solar collector. Styrofoam (polystyrene) blocks or boards can be used for insulation, and forms for monolithic pour concrete, where the Styrofoam forms can be dissolved out of a poured tank using acetone or gasoline etc. Dirt can be used for added support against wind, and protection of the foam insulation. Bubble-Wrap used for "thermopane" over blackened metal roofing sheets can achieve temperatures of 140 F (600 Rankine) or more. Low power water-circulating pumps and PVC plumbing allows long lasting system reliability. Even with a 2% overall power generation efficiency the cost per Kilowatt-hour is attractive even with ready-mix concrete costing $100.00 per cubic yard. delivered. Fred
[Vo]: Re: Solar-Thermal vs Photovoltaic Collectors
A solar-thermal collector using a heat engine for power generation offers many advantages over photovoltaic collectors. They can be built "from the ground up" by the "do-it-yourselfer" using precast concrete storage tanks (such as precast septic tanks) for water-heat storage allowing use of "heat depleted" water for comfort heating and act as a support for the solar collector. Styrofoam (polystyrene) blocks or boards can be used for insulation, and forms for monolithic pour concrete, where the Styrofoam forms can be dissolved out of a poured tank using acetone or gasoline etc. Dirt can be used for added support against wind, and protection of the foam insulation. Bubble-Wrap used for "thermopane" over blackened metal roofing sheets can achieve temperatures of 140 F (600 Rankine) or more. Low power water-circulating pumps and PVC plumbing allows long lasting system reliability. Even with a 2% overall power generation efficiency the cost per Kilowatt-hour is attractive even with ready-mix concrete costing $100.00 per cubic yard. delivered. Fred
Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets
Aren't photon rockets supposed to be the most efficient of all? Michel - Original Message - From: "Robin van Spaandonk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: Sent: Friday, January 05, 2007 9:46 PM Subject: Re: [Vo]: Cold fusion powered rockets > In reply to Jed Rothwell's message of Thu, 04 Jan 2007 15:56:22 -0500: > Hi, > [snip] >>None. But suppose only CF is made practical, and the temperature is >>limited to, say, 1000 deg C. I suppose that would call for a two- or >>three-stage approach, starting with heat to electricity. >> > Not necessarily. It is becoming evident that when CF actually occurs, alpha > particles are the usual nuclear product. It may become possible to arrange for > them to be ejected directly rather than undergoing any form of conversion at > all. Multi-MeV alphas would yield a very interesting specific impulse, and > also > be far and away the most efficient way of utilizing the fuel. > > Regards, > > Robin van Spaandonk > > http://users.bigpond.net.au/rvanspaa/ > > Competition provides the motivation, > Cooperation provides the means. >
[Vo]: Fw: [BOBPARKS-WHATSNEW] What's New Friday January 5, 2007
HAPPY NEW YEAR! -Forwarded Message-from Akira Kawasaki >From: What's New <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >Sent: Jan 5, 2007 1:42 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [BOBPARKS-WHATSNEW] What's New Friday January 5, 2007 WHAT'S NEW Robert L. Park Friday, 5 Jan 07 Washington, DC 1. THE JUNKMAN: EXXON USES MILLOY TO DOWNPLAY GLOBAL WARMING. The Union of Concerned Scientists released a report on Wednesday describing Exxon Mobil's efforts to manipulate public opinion on Global Warming. In doing so the report further exposes the role of Steven J. Milloy, the notorious "Junkman" who wrote Junk Science Judo (CATO, 2001), and a column for Fox News. WN reported a year ago that Milloy, who masquerades as a fearless debunker of bad science, in real life works for oil and tobacco giants http://bobpark.physics.umd.edu/WN06/wn020306.html . 2. AGE: DOES THE PARK SERVICE KNOW HOW OLD THE GRAND CANYON IS? Somewhere between six thousand and six million years is as close as they can come. The six million year figure comes from adding up the ages of the geologic strata exposed on the canyon walls. You get six thousand years by adding up the "begats" in the Old Testament until you get back to Noah. So which is it? Three years ago, bookstores in Grand Canyon National Park began selling "Grand Canyon: A Different View," approved by the Park Service. The book explains that runoff from Noah's flood carved the canyon http://bobpark.physics.umd.edu/WN04/wn010204.html . A promised review of whether the book should be sold in the Park stalled "over issues of church and state." Whoa! Geology is not church or state, it's science. Mary Bomar, Director of the National Park Service since October, should be called on to keep this silly religious tract out of National Park bookstores. 3. VALUES: SO WHAT DOES THE CONSTITUTION SAY ABOUT TAKING OATHS? The new Congress began on a note of monumental unimportance: the first Muslim elected to Congress, Keith Ellison, took the oath of office on the Koran (or is it Quran). The person who acquitted himself professionally was the rare-books librarian at the Library of Congress, Mark Dimunation, who came up with Thomas Jefferson's personal copy of the Koran for Ellison to use. Rep. Goode (R-VA) objected that an oath on the Koran would violate "traditional American values." The Constitution requires an "oath or affirmation" from the President, but two presidents, Hoover and Pierce, chose to affirm rather than swear. "Swear not at all," Jesus said. "Yes should mean yes, no should mean no." 4. TERRORISM 2007: PAT ROBERTSON HAS BEEN TALKING TO GOD AGAIN. During a recent prayer retreat, God told him that a terrorist attack on the U.S. late in 2007 will result in a "mass killing". Robertson relayed God's message to "The 700 Club" on Tuesday. "The Lord didn't say nuclear, but I do believe it will be something like that." "I have a relatively good track record," he said. "Sometimes I miss." It's not clear whether God mumbles, or Robertson takes poor notes, but maybe in the future he could take along a recorder. He once asked God to unleash hurricanes on sinful Florida, but if sin leads to hurricanes, Florida has been sinful since they began keeping weather records. THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND. Opinions are the author's and not necessarily shared by the University of Maryland, but they should be. --- Archives of What's New can be found at http://www.bobpark.org What's New is moving to a different listserver and our subscription process has changed. To change your subscription status please visit this link: http://listserv.umd.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=bobparks-whatsnew&A=1
