Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks *--Jeremy L. Gibbs* Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
RE: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
Disabling the data rates is the preferred method of doing this. A few WLAN vendors (Aerohive and Ubiquiti are the ones I know of for sure) allow you to set a Min RSSI value. If a client’s SNR drops too low for X number of TU’s, then AP will deauth the client to…persuade them to pick a different AP From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 3:31 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU Subject: Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression This is the GTAC solution guide to probe suppression. I will report if it helps with sticky clients or not. This is assuming there is enough RF from surrounding AP's. https://gtacknowledge.extremenetworks.com/articles/Solution/Issues-with-clients-staying-with-an-Access-Point-that-has-bad-signal-Sticky-Clients -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 2:49 PM, Jim Glassford <jmgl...@iup.edu<mailto:jmgl...@iup.edu>> wrote: Hi, Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the opening on, disabling lower data rates. This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf><http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. thanks! jim On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available per SSID. Thanks, Chris Adams Director, Network & Telecom Services Division of Information Technology University of North Georgia E-Mail: chris.ad...@ung.edu<mailto:chris.ad...@ung.edu> | Office: (706) 867-2891<tel:%28706%29%20867-2891> From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU<mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU> Subject: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
This is the GTAC solution guide to probe suppression. I will report if it helps with sticky clients or not. This is assuming there is enough RF from surrounding AP's. https://gtacknowledge.extremenetworks.com/articles/Solution/Issues-with-clients-staying-with-an-Access-Point-that-has-bad-signal-Sticky-Clients *--Jeremy L. Gibbs* Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 2:49 PM, Jim Glassford <jmgl...@iup.edu> wrote: > Hi, > > Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the > opening on, disabling lower data rates. > > This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz > disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps > > <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> > <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> > > Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? > > We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. > Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. > > thanks! > jim > > > > On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: > > We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available > per SSID. > > > > > > Thanks, > > > > Chris Adams > > > > Director, Network & Telecom Services > > Division of Information Technology > > University of North Georgia > > E-Mail: <chris.ad...@ung.edu>chris.ad...@ung.edu | Office: (706) 867-2891 > > > > *From:* The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [ > mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU > <WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU>] *On Behalf Of *Jeremy Gibbs > *Sent:* Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM > *To:* WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU > *Subject:* [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression > > > > Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients > at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a > lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more > desirable AP's in the area. > > > > I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear > what others have experienced. > > > > Thanks > > > > > *-- Jeremy L. Gibbs* > > Sr. Network Engineer > Utica College IITS > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > <http://www.educause.edu/groups/>http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
RE: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available per SSID. Thanks, Chris Adams Director, Network & Telecom Services Division of Information Technology University of North Georgia E-Mail: <mailto:chris.ad...@ung.edu> chris.ad...@ung.edu | Office: (706) 867-2891 From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU Subject: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. smime.p7s Description: S/MIME cryptographic signature
Re: [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
Hi, Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the opening on, disabling lower data rates. This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. thanks! jim On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available per SSID. Thanks, ** Chris Adams Director, Network & Telecom Services Division of Information Technology University of North Georgia E-Mail: chris.ad...@ung.edu <mailto:chris.ad...@ung.edu>| Office: (706) 867-2891 *From:*The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] *On Behalf Of *Jeremy Gibbs *Sent:* Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM *To:* WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU *Subject:* [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks *-- Jeremy L. Gibbs* Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
In my testing so far (limited), it appears to work better then disabling various data rates. But for now I am just testing in a few small areas with high AP density. My worry is clients who are on the fringe of all APs would end up being bounced around, creating a worse problem than poor data rates or low signal strength. *--Jeremy L. Gibbs* Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS T: (315) 223-2383 F: (315) 792-3814 E: jlgi...@utica.edu http://www.utica.edu On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 3:48 PM, Hinson, Matthew P < matthew.hin...@vikings.berry.edu> wrote: > Disabling the data rates is the preferred method of doing this. A few WLAN > vendors (Aerohive and Ubiquiti are the ones I know of for sure) allow you > to set a Min RSSI value. If a client’s SNR drops too low for X number of > TU’s, then AP will deauth the client to…persuade them to pick a different AP > > > > *From:* The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto: > WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] *On Behalf Of *Jeremy Gibbs > *Sent:* Friday, November 20, 2015 3:31 PM > *To:* WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU > *Subject:* Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and > Probe Suppression > > > > This is the GTAC solution guide to probe suppression. I will report if it > helps with sticky clients or not. This is assuming there is enough RF from > surrounding AP's. > > > > > https://gtacknowledge.extremenetworks.com/articles/Solution/Issues-with-clients-staying-with-an-Access-Point-that-has-bad-signal-Sticky-Clients > > > > > > *-- Jeremy L. Gibbs* > > Sr. Network Engineer > Utica College IITS > > > > On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 2:49 PM, Jim Glassford <jmgl...@iup.edu> wrote: > > Hi, > > Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the > opening on, disabling lower data rates. > > This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz > disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps > > <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> > <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> > > Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? > > We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. > Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. > > thanks! > jim > > > > On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: > > We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available > per SSID. > > > > > > Thanks, > > > > Chris Adams > > > > Director, Network & Telecom Services > > Division of Information Technology > > University of North Georgia > > E-Mail: chris.ad...@ung.edu | Office: (706) 867-2891 > > > > *From:* The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [ > mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU > <WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU>] *On Behalf Of *Jeremy Gibbs > *Sent:* Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM > *To:* WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU > *Subject:* [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression > > > > Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients > at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a > lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more > desirable AP's in the area. > > > > I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear > what others have experienced. > > > > Thanks > > > > > *-- Jeremy L. Gibbs* > > Sr. Network Engineer > Utica College IITS > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE > Constituent Group discussion list can be found at > http://www.educause.edu/groups/. > > ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
RE: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
That’s what I observed too. Deauth frames have no information element for specifying that the client was disconnected due to insufficient signal strength. So many clients will just keep trying to reconnect ad infinitum. Disable those lower data rates and they’ll figure it out on their own. Though for some of our outdoor APs, I have found that setting a 10dB SNR threshold for deauthentication works rather well. Disabling the data rates is the carrot, SNR-based deauthentications are the hammer. From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 4:02 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU Subject: Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression In my testing so far (limited), it appears to work better then disabling various data rates. But for now I am just testing in a few small areas with high AP density. My worry is clients who are on the fringe of all APs would end up being bounced around, creating a worse problem than poor data rates or low signal strength. -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS T: (315) 223-2383 F: (315) 792-3814 E: jlgi...@utica.edu<mailto:jlgi...@utica.edu> http://www.utica.edu On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 3:48 PM, Hinson, Matthew P <matthew.hin...@vikings.berry.edu<mailto:matthew.hin...@vikings.berry.edu>> wrote: Disabling the data rates is the preferred method of doing this. A few WLAN vendors (Aerohive and Ubiquiti are the ones I know of for sure) allow you to set a Min RSSI value. If a client’s SNR drops too low for X number of TU’s, then AP will deauth the client to…persuade them to pick a different AP From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU<mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU>] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 3:31 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU<mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU> Subject: Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression This is the GTAC solution guide to probe suppression. I will report if it helps with sticky clients or not. This is assuming there is enough RF from surrounding AP's. https://gtacknowledge.extremenetworks.com/articles/Solution/Issues-with-clients-staying-with-an-Access-Point-that-has-bad-signal-Sticky-Clients -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS On Fri, Nov 20, 2015 at 2:49 PM, Jim Glassford <jmgl...@iup.edu<mailto:jmgl...@iup.edu>> wrote: Hi, Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the opening on, disabling lower data rates. This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf><http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf> Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. thanks! jim On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available per SSID. Thanks, Chris Adams Director, Network & Telecom Services Division of Information Technology University of North Georgia E-Mail: chris.ad...@ung.edu<mailto:chris.ad...@ung.edu> | Office: (706) 867-2891<tel:%28706%29%20867-2891> From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU<mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU> Subject: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCA
RE: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression
I believe in allowing the client to make the decision. Even with limiting the suppressed probe responses or deauthing; there can be times when a client could experience issues. We allow 12, mandatory 18. Limit the transmit power on both radios. The issue I see with many sticky clients are that they look at RSSI and not retry, by lowering the power of your radio you are coaxing them with their natural mechanism. I would be interested in how your testing is going and the procedures you are using. Since I see behaviors change so often between devices and drivers I have a hard time trusting the testing I do with what gear I have. From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jim Glassford Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 1:49 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU Subject: Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] [Ext] Re: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Hi, Jeremy, we have not used probe suppression but Chris thanks for the opening on, disabling lower data rates. This Cisco best practice, last updated Jan 2015, page 18 shows 2.5GHz disabled up to 12Mbps and 5GHz disabled up to 24Mbps <http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/technology/wlc/82463-wlc-config-best-practice.pdf><https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.cisco.com_c_en_us_td_docs_wireless_technology_wlc_82463-2Dwlc-2Dconfig-2Dbest-2Dpractice.pdf=BQMDaQ=6vgNTiRn9_pqCD9hKx9JgXN1VapJQ8JVoF8oWH1AgfQ=rYfqH_8oTvcXxRxUI3x3m3Y7Nwgir7tnuoGbdZsrUM4=E_zwhga6Nlt-VFSnYjcN1ymYdenAMZ_aem8Vjmb0614=CMbfPt69Mw-gh88bXXADWMAhHcac3NGTvjkwEiqd6Ro=> Curious if any have taken this many lower speeds off line? We have disabled 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 on 2.5GHz. Just started toying a little disabling 6 and 9 on 2.5 and 5GHz. thanks! jim On 11/20/2015 2:07 PM, Chris Adams (IT) wrote: We have typically achieved this by disabling lower data rates available per SSID. Thanks, Chris Adams Director, Network & Telecom Services Division of Information Technology University of North Georgia E-Mail: chris.ad...@ung.edu<mailto:chris.ad...@ung.edu> | Office: (706) 867-2891 From: The EDUCAUSE Wireless Issues Constituent Group Listserv [mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU] On Behalf Of Jeremy Gibbs Sent: Friday, November 20, 2015 2:05 PM To: WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU<mailto:WIRELESS-LAN@LISTSERV.EDUCAUSE.EDU> Subject: [WIRELESS-LAN] Sticky Clients and Probe Suppression Has anyone ever used probe suppression and force dissociation of clients at a particular RSS value? This feature was just introduced and we have a lot of "sticky" clients that don't like to roam even though there are more desirable AP's in the area. I have enabled it on a handful of AP's for testing, but would like to hear what others have experienced. Thanks -- Jeremy L. Gibbs Sr. Network Engineer Utica College IITS ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.educause.edu_groups_=BQMDaQ=6vgNTiRn9_pqCD9hKx9JgXN1VapJQ8JVoF8oWH1AgfQ=rYfqH_8oTvcXxRxUI3x3m3Y7Nwgir7tnuoGbdZsrUM4=E_zwhga6Nlt-VFSnYjcN1ymYdenAMZ_aem8Vjmb0614=h6bZWJfO1tkdNRX-tsSvTWp_FyFE8aGrVjBAYvUvbq8=>. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.educause.edu_groups_=BQMDaQ=6vgNTiRn9_pqCD9hKx9JgXN1VapJQ8JVoF8oWH1AgfQ=rYfqH_8oTvcXxRxUI3x3m3Y7Nwgir7tnuoGbdZsrUM4=E_zwhga6Nlt-VFSnYjcN1ymYdenAMZ_aem8Vjmb0614=h6bZWJfO1tkdNRX-tsSvTWp_FyFE8aGrVjBAYvUvbq8=>. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.educause.edu_groups_=BQMDaQ=6vgNTiRn9_pqCD9hKx9JgXN1VapJQ8JVoF8oWH1AgfQ=rYfqH_8oTvcXxRxUI3x3m3Y7Nwgir7tnuoGbdZsrUM4=E_zwhga6Nlt-VFSnYjcN1ymYdenAMZ_aem8Vjmb0614=h6bZWJfO1tkdNRX-tsSvTWp_FyFE8aGrVjBAYvUvbq8=>. ** Participation and subscription information for this EDUCAUSE Constituent Group discussion list can be found at http://www.educause.edu/groups/.
