One of the reasons the implementation of the suppression of leap seconds
was placed so far in the future is that GLONASS is said to rely on the
current implementation of UTC. I wonder, if the international authorities
decided to suppress a negative leap second but Russia decided that GLONASS
couldn
h
daylight saving time and let people work out a schedule they decide is the
best compromise between summer and winter.
Gerard Ashton
On Tue, Nov 15, 2022 at 5:27 AM Poul-Henning Kamp
wrote:
>
> Clive D.W. Feather writes:
>
> > Stick with what people are used to, which is (
If you want to go all the way back, Sumerian clay tablets arranged numbers
in a grid that looked a lot like a modern spreadsheet, and one unit in a
given column was equivalent to 60 units in the column immediately to the
right.
-Original Message-
From: LEAPSECS [mailto:leapsecs-boun...@lea
time label.
TAI(NPL), on the other hand, is not a label used by officials, so its
status as contemporaneous or adjustable is undefined except in the mind of
some private individual that decided to use the notation.
Gerard Ashton
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Of course Brooks Harris is free to define proleptic UTC any way he pleases
within the confines of a document he has control over, including a post to
this mailing list. But I think the term "proleptic UTC", outside the
confines of a document that gives it a proprietary definition, could mean a
vari
r date
and time of day at quasi-Greenwich, where each day consists of exactly
86,400 SI seconds?
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message-
From: LEAPSECS [mailto:leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com] On Behalf Of Steve
Allen
Sent: Wednesday, October 15, 2014 11:07 AM
To: Leap Second Discussion Li
Steffen Nurpmeso wrote:
> This approach would satisfy all parties: humans can continue to enjoy the
cultural achievement of a clock that exactly describes their home planet,
and engineers can use TAI for satisfying airplane schedule calculations for
businessmen.
"Businessmen" can keep whatever ti
I think lots of contracts for the use of computers where time matters, such
as online auction sites, contain language that the parties agree to use the
time as maintained on a particular computer system, such as the electronic
auction site's computers.
-Original Message-
From: LEAPSECS [ma
Sorry, but I disagree with Tony Finch. The time period from June 30, 2012,
7:59:60 to June 30, 2012, 8:00:00, Eastern Daylight Time, did occur in the
United States and any end user requiring such precision was legally obliged
to observe it.
-Original Message-
From: LEAPSECS [mailto:leapsec
Tony Finch wrote
> Right, and this is good for many purposes, e.g. recording times of events
now or in the past. However for events in the future (meetings etc.) you
need to record a time and a place, because the UTC offset and time zone
rules are not predictable.
Even better, local time can be u
ISO 8601 is expensive; I obtained a copy before they started making it hard
to find copies on the web. The wording of the standard is convoluted. Does
anyone know if there is a highly-reputable, readable description of the
standard that explains the extent to which the various choices are required,
The current relationship that UT1 must satisfy is given on page 78 of the
3rd ed. of the Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac (among
other places). I've modified it to live with the typesetting limitation of a
mail list:
ERA(t) = 2 pi (0.7790572732640 + 1.00273781191135448 t)
Where
In US law (see http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/260a ) the time
observed in each time zone is referred to as the standard time, even when
the time is advanced during the summer. Obviously the language of the law
differs from common usage.
Gerry Ashton
__
We all know that "Greenwich Mean Time" is commonly used to describe UTC,
UT1, and various similar time scales. Please check if I have estimated
correctly.
-The easternmost point of the London district of Greenwich is a the
intersection of two roads, Maze Hill and Charlton Way. The coordinates are
This link was embedded in a newsletter to American amateur radio operators:
http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2014/db0128/DA-14-88
A2.pdf
Instructions for commenting are provided here:
http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-14-88A1.pdf
Gerard Ashton
"
Excel may silently employ in searches.
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message-
From: leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com
[mailto:leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com] On Behalf Of Daniel R. Tobias
Sent: Sunday, January 19, 2014 10:35 AM
To: Leap Second Discussion List
Subject: Re: [LEAPSECS] Future time
are the
chances the software designers considered all these scenarios?
Gerard Ashton
PS: (I'm fudging the minutes due to imperfect memory) Dispatched on an
ambulance call at 2:30 AM. Returned to quarters 2:15 AM.
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vital signs, and an automatic defibrillator does not advise any shock, the
person can be declared dead in the field and need not be transported to the
hospital. So synchronization of watches takes on new importance.
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message-
From: leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com
E. G. Richards in "Mapping Time: The Calendar and its History" mentions the
church was leary of negative numbers, and Hindu-Arabic numerals. He suggests
one possible reason being that most of the people who could do arithmetic
with Roman numerals were clergy, and they didn't want to lose their
near
I think Matsakis's post illustrates an important point: who is in charge?
Since no authority is in clear control of the definition of the Julian and
Gregorian calendars, no authority is in a position to demand that December
31, 2000, be regarded as the last day of the 20th century. In the absence o
a fixed duration in SI seconds and use the
2011 value, the Gregorian calendar will be off by a day in about 3000 years.
Whether it is reasonable to suppose any decision about leap seconds will
endure for 3000 years is another issue.
Gerard Ashton
e physical processes progress to the same degree. UT1 is
satisfactory for most event
recording and planning purposes.
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message-
From: leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com
[mailto:leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com] On Behalf Of Harlan Stenn
Sent: Wednesday, May 08, 2013 10:36 P
nd by running a fake
leap second into a test system
that is sitting in a lab doing nothing but keep time. But a realistic test
requires that the system under test
be running a load as similar as possible to production systems.
Gerard Ashton
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time it is medium-precision systems that failed; the
coarse systems like Windows desktop systems that invoke their NTP client
once a week did fine, and did fine when interfacing with medium-precision
systems if the medium-precision systems were operating at all.
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message
30/July 1?
Will the people in charge of the new group of vulnerable systems be any more
trustworthy than those in charge of the systems that failed?
Gerard Ashton
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for making false promises?
Gerard Ashton
-Original Message-
From: leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com
[mailto:leapsecs-boun...@leapsecond.com] On Behalf Of Poul-Henning Kamp
Sent: Sunday, July 01, 2012 2:04 PM
To: Leap Second Discussion List
Subject: Re: [LEAPSECS] telescope systems saw the
So summarizing what I find in Steve's paper, and only concerning the
pointing of the telescope and not the reporting results from the scope,
large telescopes with guidance systems from the 1970s and 1980s have a guide
camera field of view of 3 arcminutes, or a bit more. So if the telescope was
aime
] On Behalf Of Steve Allen
Sent: Friday, June 08, 2012 9:58 AM
To: Leap Second Discussion List
Subject: Re: [LEAPSECS] Telescope pointing
On 2012 Jun 8, at 04:32, Gerard Ashton wrote:
> The list often discusses the fact that astronomers need UT1. Does
> anyone know astronomer's requ
The list often discusses the fact that astronomers need UT1. Does anyone
know astronomer's requirement for pointing accuracy. Does anyone know of a
document that discusses how astronomers receive ΔUT1 and incorporate it in
telescope pointing systems. (For telescope, read any astronomical instrument
Using the USA as an example, the constitutional provision giving the federal
government
authority over standards of weight and measure arguably gives it authority
over time-of-day.
Their success in regulating time zones and legal recognition of UTC as the
basis of time
tends to confirm this authori
offsets or boundaries.
This suggest a desire for an algorithm that accepts as input a latitude
and longitude of a point of interest, and a set of boundaries, and
determines which of the regions the point of interest falls in. Does
anyone know of such an algorithm?
Gerard Ashton
2) for the vast majority of minutes, jump suddenly
from second 59 to second 0 without stopping on second 60.
Of course, such a watch would not really be analog, it would be digital
with the display
being by means of hands rather than Arabic numerals.
Ger
On 1/21/2012 9:13 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
In message<4f1ac413.1010...@comcast.net>, Gerard Ashton writes:
Consider US eastern daylight time, June 30, 2012.
[...]
This will make certain time computations quite intricate.
Representing the time as a simple floating point number may
l
will make certain time computations quite intricate.
Representing the time as a simple floating point number may
lead to unexpected results.
Gerard Ashton
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rement errors made by the local device.
Gerard Ashton
On 1/20/2012 2:18 PM, Michael Sokolov wrote:
Steve Allen wrote:
TAI can be derived from UTC, GPS and other broadcast timescales, so
availability is fine.
Indications have been that BIPM will disagree violently with that
statement.
And
roach would be to
subtract the transmission delay from the first-received
server to the server that decides who won. It's difficult to predict
what applications might require awareness of much
shorter transmission delays.
Gerard Ashton
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For the smallest time resolution required, we might suppose that at some
point in the
future there might be a need to account for transmission delay from one part
of a computer to another. The smallest location that I can imagine being of
interest even in a future computer is the diameter of a hy
Please check my reasoning:
The westernmost point of the London Borough of Greenwich appears to
be at the intersection of the A200 and Deptford Church Street, which
is west longitude 0° 1' 24". That corresponds to 5.6 seconds of time.
Assuming the last possible leap second is in 2017, and that on
On 1/10/2012 12:06 PM, Ian Batten wrote:
But unfortunately, UK civil time does not include a DST indicator
Is there a law or rule that specifies how UK civil time ought to be written?
Where can we examine the law or rule to see if there is a DST indicator
or not?
If there is no rule, how is th
On 1/9/2012 3:14 PM, Ian Batten wrote:
And you do this not by looking up sunset in an almanac, a newspaper, a website,
but by performing a calculation that relies on UTC-plus-leapseconds? Could you
give me more detail of this?
> ...
No one has yet provided even the beginnings of the suggesti
On 1/9/2012 2:40 PM, Ian Batten wrote:
So long as those all tick the same thing, its relationship to the rotation of
the earth is, +/- several hours, irrelevant. No-one cares what the
relationship between their watch/clock/computer and the sun is at anything
other than the grossest scale
Th
On 1/9/2012 10:55 AM, Ian Batten wrote:
pace all the bizarre claims about bear hunting
There are a number of laws and rules related to sunset and sunrise,
including hunting, turning headlights on
in automobiles, and being present in parks. No reliable evidence has
been presented as to whether
the legally binding national time
scale.
(Where legally binding means if you show up for a mandatory appointment
with a government agency later that the required time, effectively
reckoned from the
broadcast time scale, you will be punished.)
Gerard Ashton
On 1/5/2012 7:03 PM, Poul-Henning
I don't think the original poster had this in mind, but there is a
Revised Julian Calendar which is described
in Wikipedia, and is equivalent to the Gregorian Calendar until AD 2800.
It has been adopted by
some Orthodox churches. It was defined at a church meeting in the 1920s
(before the change
If the proposed change goes through, we will need a new term, perhaps
"proleptic UTC2017", for
post-2017 UTC extended backwards by subtracting as many minutes of 60 SI
seconds as desired.
Gerry Ashton
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Although statements of birthdays are seldom accompanied by explicit
statements of the
time zone, the place of birth is usually available so the time zone can
be reconstructed.
As for what is recorded on a birth certificate, there is no telling what
might be recorded;
there are more than 14,000 k
There are certain examinations that will test persons ability to perform
navigation
and land surveying calculations without the aid of the computer. In most
cases
the questions are kept secret, so only a select few will know whether
the question
pool will be affected by a leap second change. The
A question that arose at the Wikipedia "Leap second" article is what is
the voting procedure
for the 2012 Radiocommuication Assembly? What percent must vote in the
affirmative?
Is it the required percent of member states, member states present, or
member states
that vote (where an abstention is
It would be OK if
- the "heartbeats" occur much more frequently than 1 per second
- the 1 second without a heartbeat criteria is arbitrary, and causing
a false alarm because the actual period without a heartbeat is,
for example, 998 ms.
Gerard Ashton
On 10/1/2011 12:23 PM, Paul S
possible that day.
Gerard Ashton
On 10/1/2011 5:16 AM, Paul Sheer wrote:
I am busy implementing some heartbeat monitoring code between two
machines. The spec calls for a 1 second recovery.
Basically if I get no heartbeats for 1 full second then I should
consider the peer system to have failed.
To
rd of Weights and
Measures".
So is the calendar a standard of measure? If not does the US federal
government
have authority to regulate it? Maybe it is a power that belongs to the
50 states.
Gerard Ashton
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might or might not be
accompanied by a de jure adoption.
In the worst case, one will be adopted for most interactions, but a few
legal interactions will follow the other.]
Gerard Ashton
On 9/24/2011 11:52 AM, Nero Imhard wrote:
On 2011-09-20, at 09:11, Ian Batten wrote:
On 19 Sep 2011, at
ision required for sunrise
and sunset calculations, and timepieces, to satisfy the hunter who doesn't want
to get caught. Then there is the question of the hunter who
wishes to voluntarily obey the rules, even if he/she was sure
of not getting caught. I expect minute precision would suffice
fo
On 9/21/2011 7:59 AM, Daniel R. Tobias wrote:
On 21 Sep 2011 at 7:53, Ian Batten wrote:
hunting sunrise, hunting sunset, hunting daylight and hunting
night all return zero hits.
I don't really think that the presence or absence of enforced
penalties for failing to precisely adhere to sunrise/s
urthouse, but the details of the case, such as
how many minutes elapsed from the close of legal hunting hours to the
time of the offense could be contained
on a tape recording of the trial, perhaps never having been put in text
form.
Of cou
polls of
hunters and/or
game wardens.
Gerard Ashton
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On 9/20/2011 12:18 PM, Warner Losh wrote:
On Sep 20, 2011, at 9:51 AM, Gerard Ashton wrote:
On 9/20/2011 11:24 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
In message<4e78aa49.5060...@comcast.net>, Gerard Ashton writes:
On 9/20/2011 5:53 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
Earth orientation is one factor
On 9/20/2011 11:24 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
In message<4e78aa49.5060...@comcast.net>, Gerard Ashton writes:
On 9/20/2011 5:53 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
Earth orientation is one factor in the time of sunrise and sunset, and
that is important
at perhaps minute precision for many pu
On 9/20/2011 5:53 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
B) Earth Orientation is not important at sub-half-hour precision.
I think a more precise statement of this is that earth orientation at
sub-half-hour precision
does not seem to be a requirement for most recurring events that are
scheduled at
a fixe
On 9/18/2011 7:02 PM, Tom Van Baak wrote:
This may or may not be a boundary condition. The fundamental
system engineering problem is that there are two different types
of time, two kinds of clock.
Rob,
You keep saying this, but there's only one kind of clock and
one kind of time. When you get
On 8/18/2011 4:30 AM, mike cook wrote:
Could this be a good argument for getting parking ticket offences
thrown out?
Under current rules, UTC is an approximation to mean solar time at some
meridian that passes through the grounds of the Royal Observatory,
Greenwich (although not necessar
Wikipedia can be edited by almost anyone, but the regulars there will
look to
see if any change is supported by a citation to a reliable published
source, since there is
no mechanism to establish that a particular contributor has any relevant
qualifications. So a change is likely to stick, if an
One does not use the 100 Hz tone, one counts doubled ticks in
the first 16 seconds of each minute. Right now ticks 9, 10, and
11 are doubled, so DUT1 is -0.3 s. See
http://www.nist.gov/pml/div688/grp40/wwv_format.cfm#ut1
for more details.
I made an error when I wrote WWVB, I meant WWVH.
Of cours
It is not necessary, at least in the case of WWV and WWVB, to have special
equipment beyond a short wave radio to decode DUT1. It can be done by
ear. Timings of sun and star observations can be done with a hand-operated
stop watch to a precision of 0.1 s, the same precision as DUT1. (Not
to say th
On 4/11/2011 2:50 PM, Tony Finch wrote:
Rob Seaman wrote:
No. The words "Universal Time" will be ambiguous. Under any given
circumstances listeners will ask whether their usage in a document
refers to the redefined UTC, or to the original UTC (documents are
forever), or to some other variatio
On 2/21/2011 10:49 AM, Paul Sheer wrote, in part:
No, it's my own idea.
Hereby released to the world:
"2010-02-21 09:40:27 -0600 L0024"
I hereby name it "timestamp L-format".
It solves the problem of absolutely specifying a future time where you
don't know how many leap seconds there will be
On 2/19/2011 10:24 AM, Joe Gwinn wrote, in part:
I have not been following the proposal in detail, but a key issue to
the POSIX community is that their timescale must be implementable in a
totally isolated machine, one having no GPS or internet access.
There are other requirements as well. Th
This is not just a computing issue it is a time keeping issue. People
frequently apply time zones
to times mentally, so there should be an integer number of hours between
the internationally
accepted basis for time and the civil time in any particular place.
Countries that ignore this will
suff
Sovereign states have some degree of control over civil time; the
remaining control is
in the control of individuals, either through personal whims or
voluntary collective
action. The IAU, ITU, BIPM, ISO, and all the rest do not have control
over civil timekeeping
because the weights and measur
Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
History has shown that very few, if any, governments have been unable
to carry through their more or less well thought out policies in this
area.
Well, it can be difficult to identify government policies; various
office holders and agencies tend to scurry about
follow
On 2/8/2011 9:51 AM, Clive D.W. Feather wrote:
Gerard Ashton said:
A secular change to civil time that would be perceptible without the aid
of a clock has
never been introduced,
How about those places that moved timezone permanently.
A single permanent time zone change is not a secular
On 2/8/2011 6:42 AM, Tony Finch wrote:
On Mon, 7 Feb 2011, Rob Seaman wrote:
Tony Finch wrote:
the whole point of universal time is that it's the default timscale
for civil use and only specialists should need anything else.
Stephen should add this to the consensus building list.
Does that m
On 2/7/2011 2:49 PM, Tony Finch wrote:
On Mon, 7 Feb 2011, Finkleman, Dave wrote:
This discussion exposes the fact that we don't all have to work in the
same reference frame or time system - as long as we understand what we
are using and make it clear to users.
Though the whole point of univer
On 2/3/2011 9:00 AM, Clive D.W. Feather wrote:
Warner Losh said:
SI
- the SI-second is a standardised unit of measurement
- the SI-second is currently defined as a fixed number of transitions
of a caesium atom
- the current definition of the SI-second was ratified in 1967
Agreed. I'd also add
The point below should be
* definition: UTC-1972-day - a duration of 86399, 86400, or 86401 seconds.
On 2/2/2011 8:50 PM, Stephen Colebourne wrote:
* definition: UTC-1972-day - a duration either 86400 SI-seconds or
86401 SI-seconds long
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According to the 2008 edition of the NIST Special Publication 811, page
8, day, hour, and minute "are not part of the SI" but "are accepted by
the CIPM, and thus by this Guide, for use with the SI." So I guess that
makes them CIPMFUWSI days, hours, and minutes.
Gerry Ashton
___
On 2/2/2011 1:44 PM, Stephen Colebourne wrote:
You're reading more into the statement than is intended by trying to
interpret them as a time-scale or clock. I'm defining a unit of
SI-based-minute that is a multiple of 60 of the unit SI-second. No
more no less.
I think when trying to list stateme
On 2/2/2011 11:47 AM, Stephen Colebourne wrote:
Statements so far - disgree or add please (in particular something on
UT1/UT/etc as I will only get it wrong...):
General:
- the terms seconds, minutes, hours and days are overloaded, thus
pedantic and explicit terms are used here
SI
- the SI-seco
Change and add:
- the solar-day is a commonly used unit of measurement
- TAI and parallel time scales have been defined so that in modern
times the difference between
an atomic day and a solar day is not perceptible without the aid of
timepieces. Popular acceptance
of atomic days as a basis of
On 2/1/2011 3:24 PM, Michael Deckers wrote, in part:
On 2011-02-01 11:35, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
How could the unpredictable difference TAI - UTC be a
problem if everybody (including every computer) just kept UTC?
Michael Deckers.
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It may not have been your intention, but from now on I will hear whatever
you type in a particular accent.
Gerry Ashton
On 2/1/2011 5:09 AM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
In message, Mark Calabretta writes:
OK Tom, I'm prepared to accept those odds. I'll give you $16
if you correctly predict the
ch. Before
that, the time
scale will be the biological clock of the person recording the event,
reduced by an estimate
of the recorder's longitude to Greenwich.
Gerry Ashton
On 1/29/2011 5:31 PM, Stephen Colebourne wrote:
On 29 January 2011 15:06, Gerard Ashton wrote:
I suggest the follow
I suggest the following replacement for parts of the the Instant
description. I offer the replacement because the wording of
UTC-SLS clearly only applies after 1 January 1972, and that
scale should be regarded as undefined prior to that date.
This is the Javadoc for Instant, the most widely used
On 1/29/2011 3:27 AM, Stephen Colebourne wrote, in part:
It is my opinion, coming from an open source background, that if the
body currently defining leap seconds stops doing so with less than
100% consensus, then the leap second defining process would be forked.
Some other person/body/open sour
On 1/28/2011 5:47 PM, Rob Seaman wrote (in part):
Civil time is based on the synodic day. Interval timekeeping requires a
different timescale. Pretending one is the other is not a requirement.
Rob
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-second precision
without needing sub-second accuracy.
Gerard Ashton
On 1/28/2011 3:42 PM, Tom Van Baak wrote, in part:
I partly ask because for the class of users who are willing to be
close enough to UTC (say within 1 second), there are no leap
second issues, ever. This covers most users on the
When it comes to finding a standard to smooth UTC in order to hide leap
seconds for purposes of the Java Instant class, I would be tempted to
find a computer architecture that handles leap seconds properly, and
propose a standard that can be implemented as easily as possible on that
architectur
The issue I have with the Java classes explained by Stephen Colebourne
is the use of UTC-SLS. This is a proposal that exists on an individual's
web site. The existence and reputation of the website are subject to the
future actions of the individual. It is also available as an inactive
IETF dra
I was talking to the IT manager for a town in Connecticut, USA. I asked
if town residents could pay taxes and fees online. He said they could. I
asked how they knew if a deadline had been met and whether late
penalties should be added. He said that the town officials were lenient,
and if the pa
In this list, various time problems that people have learned to live
with without really solving are sometimes mentioned, in order to put the
leap second problem into perspective. I would like to mention one more.
A company has its employees fill out a time sheet on a computer (or
equivalently
The ball dropping in Times Square illustrates an exacerbation of
something that has always been true. It is not possible in the USA, now
that digital TV is pervasive, to broadcast a truly "live" event. The
ball must drop with an accuracy of about 1 second to satisfy a million
people who are pre
There have been allusions to computer systems other than POSIX which
recognize leap seconds. I thought I would point out a partial example of
one.
The z/Architecture Principles of Operation (descendant of the
System/370) explains in chapter 4 the operation of the time of day clock.
The publi
The idea that consumer grade WWVB receivers will become obsolete
supposes that legal time will be a fixed (except for daylight savings
time) offset from UTC, and UTC continues to include leap seconds. If
WWVB were to broadcast the proposed TI instead of UTC, the old receivers
would display TI-b
Poul-Henning Kamp made some inquiries about how quickly Rob could review
code. I suggest this question misses a few important items.
1. Documentation. If the documentation for any given system claims UTC
agrees with UT1 or GMT within 0.9 s, there is the danger that some
programmer who only loo
If ISO does publish a standard, I hope they distribute it better than
they did ISO 8601. In that case, they made it absurdly expensive, and
then published a free summary of it on their website claiming it was the
best way to write dates, but left out so many important details that
anyone who re
One effect I recall from the Y2K prevention effort actually relates to
29 February 2000. There was considerable discussion among programmers as
to whether that date existed or not, and there was enough disagreement
among the computer language manuals and the like that programmers lost
confidenc
On 12/10/2010 10:15 AM, Peter Vince wrote:
Hello Paul,
I'd be interested if you have some examples of of Y2K bugs that
were fixed before they became a problem. In my very limited
experience, I wasn't affected by any, nor aware of them.
Peter
On 10 December 2010 01:55, Paul Sheer
I find it remarkable that one group of time users chose a
particular time dissemination mode (GPS) and made the typical
array of poor decisions / errors with software. They also
create a rather arbitrary demand of obtaining correct UTC
within 5 minutes of installing hardware that has been
sitting o
Rob Seaman wrote in part:
Actually, there is a failure of the current scheme in the document. A
notary is per country/state pair. But about a third of the U.S.
states and presumably many provinces in other countries are split by
timezones
Notaries are usually allowed to
Rob Seaman wrote in part:
Creating an ID that is guaranteed unique is not a trivial task,
especially if (as one suspects is true here) a central server is out
of the question.
I'm not familiar with the details of OID, but in general, it would be
desireable to have the option to perfor
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