"Conceptual integrity is *the* most important consideration in
system design." -- Frederick Brooks, 1975
"... I combined these cool features in a way that makes sense to me
as a postmodern linguist, not in a way that makes sense to the
typical Modernistic computer scientist. Recall
"... as we looked from those headless, slime-coated shapes to
the loathsome palimpsest sculptures and the diabolical dot
groups of fresh slime on the wall beside them-- looked and
understood what must have triumphed and survived down there in
the Cyclopean water city of that nighted,
>From "Merge and the Strong Minimalist Thesis" by Noam Chomsky, et. al.
(2023):
"Your knowledge of language is *infinite*, but your memory is *finite*.
Your knowledge of language therefore can't be just a list of memorized
sentences. A central component of any theory of language, then,
involves
Dan M. Kahan, "Misconceptions, Misinformation, and the Logic of
Identity-Protective Cognition" (May 24, 2017):
"On issues that provoke identity-protective cognition,
the members of the public most adept at avoiding
misconceptions of science are nevertheless the most
culturally polarized.
Rod McKuen, "Stanyon Street:
"But there is little salvage to be had
in bent and broken nails
and things that might have been ..."
The Raku Study Group
June 2nd, 2024 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show us what you've got,
ask and answer
John Keats, "Endymion" (1818):
"Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth,
Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o'er-darkened ways
Made for our searching ... "
The Raku Study Group
"Social theory is largely a game of make-believe in which we pretend,
just for the sake of argument, that there's just one thing going on:
essentially, we reduce everything to a cartoon so as to be able to
detect patterns that would be otherwise invisible. As a result,
all real progress in social
"The dilemma of the critic has always been that if he
knows enough to speak with authority, he knows too
much to speak with detachment."
-- Raymond Chandler, "A Qualified Farewell" (early 1950's)
The Raku Study Group
April 21, 2024 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
An informal
"I do not think that society ought to maltreat men of genius as it has
done hitherto; but neither do I think it should indulge them too far,
still less accord them any privileges or exclusive rights whatsoever;
and that for three reasons: first, because it would often mistake a
charlatan for a man
Margaret Masterman, "The Nature of a Paradigm" (1970):
"This pre-scientific and philosophic state of affairs sharply
contrasts, however, with *multi-paradigm science*, with that state
of affairs in which, far from there being no paradigm, there are
on the contrary too many. (This
And this:
> March 10th, 2024 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Should've read "8pm in the UK".
On 3/7/24, Joseph Brenner wrote:
> Note: Here in the US, we are about to "spring ahead" one mooorre time,
> and the 1pm I'm referring to is an hour earlier than man
Note: Here in the US, we are about to "spring ahead" one mooorre time,
and the 1pm I'm referring to is an hour earlier than many of you expect.
"It's becoming increasingly unusual to read a report of a new
technology or scientific discovery that doesn't breathlessly
use the phrase 'it
Would this trick help? You can define a "subset" that restricts
values to the uint16 range:
my subset FussyUint16 of Int where 0 ..^ 2¹⁶;
my FussyUint16 $x;
$x = -1;
## Type check failed in assignment to $x; expected FussyUint16
but got Int (-1)
"Over the years, executives have backed their desire to
eliminate programmers with staggering funds. Dozens of
simplistic schemes have been heaped with money and praise
on the promise-- as yet not kept-- of going directly from
sales proposal to a working data-processing system. But
John Dewey, "Logic: The Theory of Inquiry" (1938):
"... the more developed this field becomes,
the more pressing is the question as to
what it is all about."
The Raku Study Group
February 4th, 2024 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can,
"New research from the University of Washington finds that a
natural aptitude for learning languages is a stronger predictor of
learning to program than basic math knowledge, or numeracy."
-- About the paper "Relating Natural Language Aptitude to
Individual Differences in
Jean-Paul Sartre, "Existentialism is a Humanism" (1946):
"Who, then, can prove that I am the proper person to impose, by
my own choice, my conception of man upon mankind? I shall
never find any proof whatever; there will be no sign to convince
me of it. If a voice speaks to me, it is
Edward Gibbon, "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire":
"Thus our tender minds, fettered by the prejudices and habits of
a just servitude, are unable to expand themselves, or to attain
that well-proportioned greatness which we admire in the ancients."
The Raku Study
"Such fullness in that quarter overflows
And falls into the basin of the mind
That man is stricken deaf and dumb and blind,
For intellect no longer knows
Is from the Ought, or knower from the Known--"
William Butler Yeats,
"A Dialogue of Self and Soul" (1933)
The Raku Study Group
December 3,
"... we not only wanted to fix things that we already knew were
suboptimal, but we also wanted to do a better job of responding to
cultural change, because we simply don't know what we'll want in the
future. So we though about how best to future proof a computer
language, much of the current
"All types of knowledge ultimately mean self-knowledge." -- Bruce Lee (1971)
The Raku Study Group
October 22, 2023 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show us what you've got,
ask and answer questions, or just listen and lurk.
Perl and programming in
"[Steven Mithen] describes the cultural
revolution that took place about 40,000 years ago and
that introduced complex multi-part tools and the
elements of higher culture, including art, religion, and
more complex forms of social organization. How to
account for this explosion of
"Don't move your feet until the next beat comes--
One of the laws says pause between,
Though I would hate to make the game seem mean ...
Listen now to the sound of the Drum--
And don't forget we're nothing yet but water."
-- "The Drum" (1974) by Slapp Happy
The Raku Study Group
Dashiell Hammett, "The Dain Curse" (1929):
"Nobody thinks clearly, no matter what they pretend.
Thinking's a dizzy business, a matter of catching as
many of those foggy glimpses as you can and fitting
them together the best you can. That's why people
hang on so tight to their
"A choice architect has the responsibility for organizing the
context in which people make decisions. ... There are many parallels
between choice architecture and more traditional forms of
architecture. A critical parallel is there is no such thing as a
'neutral' design. ... As good
"Perseverance of one's own culture does not require
contempt or disrespect for other cultures."
(Commonly attributed to Cesar Chavez)
The Raku Study Group
August 6, 2023 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show us what you've got,
ask and answer
Hey, anyone looking for a Raku meeting?
"My brain hurts!"
-- Gumby
The Raku Study Group
July 23, 2023 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show us what you've got,
ask and answer questions, or just listen and lurk.
Perl and programming in
>From David Byrne's "How Music Works" (2012):
"I had an extremely slow-dawning insight about
creation. That insight is that context
largely determines what is written, painted,
sculpted, sung or performed. That doesn't
sound like much of an insight, but it's
actually the
References:
Try something like this, perhaps:
$x ~~ s:i/ ^ (.*?) '' .*?
"The modernist architects and urban planners declared that 'less is
more,' to quote the famous twentieth-century architect Ludwig Mies
van der Rohe, streamlining designs to the point of turning cities
into exercises in geometry and repetition, with an endless succession
of avenues, street blocks,
"In the game of life and evolution there are three players at the
table: human beings, nature, and machines. I am firmly on the side
of nature. But nature, I suspect, is on the side of the machines."
George B. Dyson, "Darwin Among the Machines" (1997)
The Raku Study Group
June 4, 2023 1pm
"I definitely feel that there is something rotten in the
realm of programming. There is a lot of discussion, but
somehow I think that most of it misses the point. There
are too many fads, too many quick solutions, a too
wide gap between theory and practice."
-- Peter Naur,
"The thing about Computer Science is that it's not a Science,
and it's not about Computers. The disicipline that's about
computers is called Electrical Engineering. And Computer
Science isn't a science, because for the most part we don't
do experiments to find out what reality is like."
--
"So, is 'genius' the only way to explain it?
No, I'm sure there's something I can learn, even from a genius."
-- Bakuman (2008-12), Vol 3, Ch 23, "Conceit and Kindness"
Tsugumi Ohba & Takeshi Obata, trans. Tetsuichiro Miyaki
The Raku Study Group
April 16, 2023 1pm in California, 8pm
"The bloom is off the rose for the big tech companies.
We no longer hear so much gushing about putting a library
into everyone's hands, social media as a means of empowering
people to challenge their governments, or tech innovators who
make our lives better by disrupting old industries."
"The rarest of gifts in men, that on the one hand they should have
clear, firm ideas of their own, and, on the other, that they should
be able to accomodate themselves to the ideas of men differing from
them and give them their due ..."
-- Fritz Brupbacher on James Guillaume, from "No Gods, No
"We live surrounded by a chaos of undifferentiated factoids
and half-formed allusions, and in the absence of convincing
structural links, we rely on, search for, or imagine flashes,
intuitions, hovering conceptual affinities, and hyperbolic
recurrences that can be explained only by
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "The Destiny of Nations" (1817):
"But some there are who deem themselves most free
When they within this gross and visible sphere
Chain down the winged thought, scoffing ascent,
Proud in their meanness; and themselves they cheat
With noisy emptiness of
George Sand to Gustave Flaubert, November 29th, 1866:
"I have never ceased to wonder at the way you
torment yourself over your writing. Is it
just fastidiousness on your part? There is so
little to show for it... As to style, I
certainly do not worry myself, as you do, over
"Hermes the messenger helps us glimpse the powerful archetypal
connections between magic, tricks, and technology. But the god
does not bloom into a genuine Promethean technomage until he
heads south, across the wine dark sea, to Egypt. Here, in the
centuries before the birth of Jesus, the
"Looking up at the purple panorama
of the galaxy highway,
a shooting star pierces my heart"
-- "Macross 7" (1994), "Seventh Moon" by Fire Bomber,
The Raku Study Group.
January 1st, 2023 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show us what you've got,
"Is it any wonder if we at last grow distrustful, lose
patience, and turn impatiently away? That this Sphinx
teaches us at last to ask questions ourselves?"
-- Nietzsche, "Beyond Good and Evil", trans. Helen Zimmern
The Raku Study Group
December 18, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
An
On the next few Sundays, I've got some schedule conflicts, so I've got
to skip holding the Raku Study Group when we usually would on December
4th.
Instead the next meeting will be on December 18th, and after that
we'll most likely do one on New Years Day itself, January 1st, 2023.
"They're all like 20-year old single Silicon Valley men, of course
they're afraid of commitment."
-- Matt S. Trout, on the pletheroa of Javascript libraries
"ES6: Almost an Acceptable Perl5?" (2017)
The Raku Study Group: An informal meeting: drop by when you can, show
us what you've got,
"The FSF software distribution has added a third tape. The old
Compiler tape has been split into a Languages and a Utilities
tape. Some software has also moved from the Emacs tape to the other
two tapes ..." --"GNU's Bulletin" (1992)
The Raku Study Group
November 6, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm
"None of us can fully realize what the
minds of corporations are, any more than
one of my brain-cells can know what the
whole brain is thinking."
-- C. S. Peirce, "Man's Glassy Essence" (1892)
The Raku Study Group
October 23, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom
Now I tell you a secret
Don't hammer on the keys
For a little pianissimo
is always bound to please.
-- Marlene Dietrich & Hollander Victor,
"Naughty Lola" (1930)
The Raku Study Group
October 9, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
"Excursions in Number Theory" by Ogilvy and Anderson (1966):
"Until recent years the binary system was looked upon
as something of a mathematical curio of only
theoretical importance. Suddenly it has become
indispensable, and would have had to be developed in a
hurry had it not
"Ventnor's father had been destroyed for
gadgeteering and it was apparent that this
tendency had been carried forward to the next
generation. Worse, although latent, the
characteristic was predominent and increasing."
Philip E. High, "These Savage Futurians" (1967)
The Raku Study
"Look out honey, 'cause I'm using technology
Ain't got time to make no apology"
-- Iggy Pop, "Search and Destroy" (1973)
The Raku Study Group
August 21, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK, 4am in Bali
Zoom meeting link:
Walt Whitman, "Democratic Vistas" (1871):
"... ahead, though dimly yet, we see, in vistas,
a copious, sane, gigantic offspring."
The Raku Study Group
August 7, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
"Coevolution and symbiosis are fundamentally about relationships, and
those change over time. A pet rat, a lab rat, a plague of rats and
rats of unusual size all have different relationships with human
beings, but they're all rats, and we're all humans."
Frank Landis, "Hot Earth Dreams" (2016)
"The sciences, even the best,-- mathematics and astronomy,--
are like sportsmen, who seize whatever prey offers, even
without being able to make any use of it."
--Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Plato, or, the Philosopher"
The Raku Study Group
July 10, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the
Frederick P. Brooks, from the additional material in the 1995
edition of "The Mythical Man-Month" (1975):
"Much more is known today about software engineering than
was known in 1975. Which of the assertions in the original
1975 edition have been supported by data and experience?
Let's try that again, without the typo on the date in the message body:
it's on Sunday, June *5th*.
"Language is an artifact."
Guru Lou Fonghoo
Step 35 of the 85 steps of Fonghoosim (1972)
The Raku Study Group
June 5th, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
"Language is an artifact."
Guru Lou Fonghoo
Step 35 of the 85 steps of Fonghoosim (1972)
The Raku Study Group
June 6th, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83136957677?pwd=WXRSRkZ0SjZ4aGNJZ2l1OWM3OExqQT09
Passcode: 4RakuRoll
RSVPs are
Colin McPhee, "A House in Bali" (1944-47):
"Beside the palm-leaf books which he had been working on the day
before there lay a little fan of blossoms.
"How do you honour books in America? Durus asked as he set a
lamp on the table. A large mantis flew out of the dark and
Herbert A. Simon, "The Sciences of the Artificial" (1969):
"Since there are now many such devices in the world, and since the
properties that describe them also appear to be shared by the human
central nervous system, nothing prevents us from developing a natural
history of them. We can study
Jane Jacobs, "The Death and Life of Great American Cities"
"Cities are an immense laboratory of trial and error, failure and
success, in city building and city design. This is the laboratory in
which city planning should have been learning and forming and testing
its theories. Instead the
"I could see the writing on the wall.
It was my handwriting."
Jean Michel-Basquiat,
"Downtown 81"
The Raku Study Group
April 10, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88273860585?pwd=eks5ZWFrNmdrTGF3VWFNVWtENkxmUT09
Paul Linebarger, "Psychological Warfare" (1947):
"Europeans described light, hard-hitting *numerically
inferior* cavalry as a 'numberless horde' because
Mongol agents whispered such a story in the
streets. To this day most Europeans do not appreciate
the lightness of the forces nor the
> March 13, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Sorry, but thanks to the magic of "daylight savings time",
1pm in California is an hour earlier today, and that
"9pm in the UK" should've said 8pm.
Randall Munroe, "Excel Lambda":
"The Church-Turing thesis says that all ways of
computing are *equally* wrong."
https://xkcd.com/2453/
The Raku Study Group
March 13, 2022 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
Poul Anderson, "Harvest the Fire" (1995):
"Why this jagged distribution of greatness?
The incidence of innate abilities could
scarcely vary that much. The social
situation, the _Zeitgeist_-- were such
phrases anything but noises?"
The Raku Study Group
February 17, 2022 1pm in
Lera Boroditsky, "How does our language shape the way we think" (2009):
We have collected data around the world: from China, Greece,
Chile, Indonesia, Russia, and Aboriginal Australia. What we
have learned is that people who speak different languages do
indeed think differently and that
David Auerbach, "Bitwise: A Life in Code" (2018):
"As a child, I had been drawn to computers because they were
free of society's tortuous value systems. Ironically, I now
live in a world where computers are the thoughtless arbiters of
those very same value systems. They have come to
Gary Snyder, "A Space in Place" (1996), "Language Goes Two Ways":
" 'Wild' alludes to a process of self-organization
that generates systems and organisms ... Wildness can
be said to be the essential nature of nature. As
reflected in consciousness, it can be seen as a kind
of open
Heraclitus, translated by William Harris:
From many things comes oneness, and out of oneness
comes many things.
The hidden harmony is better than the obvious.
The Raku Study Group
January 2, 2021 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
James Baldwin, "The Fire Next Time" (1963):
"In all jazz, and especially the blues, there is something tart
and ironic, authoritative and double-edged. White Americans seem
to feel that happy songs are happy and sad songs are sad, and
that, God help us, is exactly the way most white
Ibsen, "Peer Gynt" (1867):
"'Go round about', said the Boyg. So I must."
The Raku Study Group
November 21, 2021 1pm in California, 9pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/86710457729?pwd=NDRDd0V2ek9DZ1RKLzlPRUtWek1aQT09
Passcode: 4RakuRoll
RSVPs are useful, though not
That's a thought, but we haven't tried that one yet.
On 11/7/21, Walt Pang wrote:
> Is there a youtube channel for recording this?
>
> regards.
>
> On Mon, Nov 8, 2021 at 1:00 AM Joseph Brenner wrote:
>
>> > 11/07 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
>>
>>
> 11/07 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Oops. Actually more like 7pm in the UK.
On 11/4/21, Joseph Brenner wrote:
> Susan Sontag's "On Camp" (1964):
>
> "Camp taste is a kind of love, love for human
>nature. It relishes, rather than judges, the li
{"has a Q"}; default
>> {"no match"}}
>>
>> Regex object coerced to string ...
>>
>> I did have a place in the earlier discussion. I eventually realized that
>> if I thought of junctions as analogous to regular expressions, then it
>> was
>
Susan Sontag's "On Camp" (1964):
"Camp taste is a kind of love, love for human
nature. It relishes, rather than judges, the little
triumphs and awkward intensities of 'character.'"
The Raku Study Group
11/07 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
> ... we'd need to go
> through detailed, calm, measured discussion if we're to minimize
> the pain it seems we'll inevitably endure pain to dig ourselves out
> of the hole we'd be in.
Yes, this could be a bad one.
Yes, thanks, I'd managed to forget that we had a go-round on this one
six months ago, even though that one came out of the Raku Study Group
I run.
I'm actually finding this one profoundly depressing, but I probably
shouldn't get into it. My thoughts are running along lines like "how
is it
Susan Sontag's "On Camp" (1964):
"Camp taste is a kind of love, love for human
nature. It relishes, rather than judges, the little
triumphs and awkward intensities of 'character.'"
The Raku Study Group
11/07 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
Joseph Brenner wrote:
> Andy Bach wrote:
>> Joseph Brenner wrote:
>>> I'd thought that that [this] would confirm that both elements were Int:
>>> say do given all(3,7) { when Int { "both are Int" }; default {"not
>>> similar"} };
>&
;both are Int" }; default
> {"not similar"} };'
> not similar
>
> $ raku -e ' say do given all(3,7) { when Int { $_ }; default {"not
> similar"} };'
> all(3, 7)
>
> $ raku -v
> This is Rakudo version 2020.05.1 built on MoarVM version 2020.05
> _
A given/when construct using a junction isn't quite doing what I'd expect.
I'd thought that that would confirm that both elements were Int:
say do given all(3,7) { when Int { "both are Int" }; default {"not
similar"} };
## not similar
But this does what I thought it would:
say so do
Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself 6" (1892):
"Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic,
And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones
and narrow zones ..."
The Raku Study Group
October 24th, 2021 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
Douglaus Englebart "Augmenting Human Intellect" (1962):
"Although the size of the step a human being can take
in comprehension, innovation, or execution is small in
comparison to the over-all size of the step needed to
solve a complex problem, human beings nevertheless do
solve complex
Joseph Brenner wrote:
> And now Jonathan Worthington has announced that the new
> Multi-dispatch mechanism is done... any bets on whether
> any of this behavior will change?
I don't see any change in this behavior using a fresh build from github.
Like I was saying:
> If the two [multis] are defined in different modules I suspect you
> could get some strange behavior that would be hard to debug.
> It's not always immediately obvious in what order two things were
> defined.
Here's an example, scattered across four files, which
I've also
"over 3";
};
say "2: ", check_range(2); # 2: under 5
say "7: ", check_range(7); # 7: over 3
say "4: ", check_range(4); # 4: under 5
}
On 9/25/21, Brad Gilbert wrote:
> On Sat, Sep 25, 2021 at 2:30 PM Joseph Brenner wrote:
>
&
type. All subsets "of" the same type
> are sorted by the order they are written.
>
> The ambiguity it talks about is when two candidates have the same level of
> type for a given input. For example Str and Int for an IntStr.
>
>
> On Fri, Sep 24, 2021, 1:32 AM Joseph Brenn
This code uses multi dispatch with constraints that are ambiguous
in a few cases, because there's some overlap in the lists of
monsters and heroes: 'mothera' and 'godzilla'.
my @monsters = < godzilla mothera ghidora gammera golem
wormface >;
my @heroes = < beowulf bluebeetle
t;
> You overlooked a mistype. The subset expects "wuhn", you pass "whun"
> instead. Guess, the subset is wrong about it. :)
>
> Best regards,
> Vadim Belman
>
>> On Sep 22, 2021, at 8:39 PM, Joseph Brenner wrote:
>>
>> In this code I'm usin
E.K. Rand, "Founders of the Middle Ages" (1928):
You begin to remove accretions, you peel and peel,
till nothing is left-- nothing but the knife, the own
peculiar knife, of the peeler.
The Raku Study Group
September 26, 2021 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
In this code I'm using multi-dispatch with a subset type that
makes string values special: "wuhn", "tew" and "thuree".
use Test;
multi sub whats_my_type (Str $item) {
return "This is a Str: $item";
}
subset GoofyNum of Str where { $_ eq any( 'wuhn', 'tew', 'thuree' ) };
Sun Ra "Enlightenment" (1956):
"The Sound of Joy is Enlightenment
Space, Fire, Truth is Enlightenment ...
Strange Mathematics, Rhythmic Equations"
The Raku Study Group
September 12, 2021 1pm in California, 8pm in the UK
Zoom meeting link:
Gil Scott-Heron "I'm New Here" (2010):
No matter how far wrong we've gone
We can always turn around ...
Turn around, turn around, turn around
And you may come full circle
And be new here again
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eV_astp3BjM
The Raku Study Group
Sunday
References:
In-Reply-To:
toddandma...@zoho.com wrote:
> If you go to https://docs.raku.org/ and look up your variable,
> scroll down and look for "type graph", it will tell you what
> your variable is a member of.
Yes, that's right. For any particular case, you could check the
type graphs
Given and example like this:
class A {}
class B is A {}
class D is B {}
say D.^parents(); # ((B) (A))
say D.^parents( :all ); # ((B) (A) (Any) (Mu))
So, I conclude that Any and Mu are "hidden" as far as ^parents is concerned.
According to the documentation, ^mro_unhidden does this:
There are some object types that are "compatible" in certain ways, for example:
o You can do arithmetic operations on any Numeric types, a Rat
minus and Int just works (and gives you a Rat).
o You can do set operations on any of the QuantHash types
(and some other things, like
Kim Stanley Robinson, "Ministry of the Future" (2020):
"Ideology, n. An imaginary relationship to a real situation.
In common usage, what the other person has, especially when
systematically distorting the facts.
"But it seems to us that an ideology is a necessary feature of
There's this much:
https://docs.raku.org/language/variables#index-entry-$$CIRCUMFLEX_ACCENT
> If you have self-declared a parameter using $^a once, you may refer to it
> using only $a thereafter.
But it doesn't go anywhere near far enough. You *had better* to
refer to it as $a or you'll get
Okay, so my central confusion here has to do with not
understanding that the caret gets used *only once* in
a construct like this:
my $cb = {
do if ($^a eq $^b) {
"$a";
} else {
"$a & $b";
}
};
say $cb( 'a', 'b' );
After $^a is
Here's a simple use of a callback that just works:
my $cb = {
"$^a & $^b";
};
say $cb('a', 'b'); # a & b
Just as an aside, it's interesting that this would be an error:
say $cb('a', 'b', 'c');
# Too many positionals passed; expected 2 arguments but got 3
The
Paul Krugman, "Peddling Prosperity" (1994):
"... there is a circularity: the network of
support and reinforcement that makes a technology
fully productive is both a cause and a result of
that technology's widespread use. So a new
technology, no matter how marvelous, may have
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