Greeting to all good CS makers and users, On Sun,5 Apr at 22:15 Reid Smith posted an interesting theory on why steam rises to the sky. He has proposed that the negative ions in the steam are repelled by the earths neg. charge and attracted by the ionospheres pos. charge. This is true as far as he went . Steam is hot air with highly aggitated molecules of water in it. This air is expanded and has less density than the cool air around it. Being less dense it is forced up because its Vapor Partial Pressure is lower than the VPP of the cool air. This is also what makes hot air balloons rise. When the water is heated high enought to produce steam electrons will be striped from atoms and we will have negatively charged atoms (or molecules) and negative loose electrons zapping around. The negative charges will repel each other ( like charges repel and un-like charges attract each other) ,the repelling causes expansion of the heated steam. As Reid said ,the negative ions and negative loose electrons will also be repelled by the earths negative charge and attracted by the ionospheres positive charge. As an interesting aside I took some 001ppm distilled water and heated it while measuring the ionic activity. It went up (ionizing the Hydrogen and oxygen atoms) and went down when I froze it in the freezer. It did not go back to 001ppm because some of the electrons did not find an atom to attach to, it only went back to 003ppm. If I were to stir it and apply an intense UV light to it ,it would slowly get back to 001ppm. Remember , nothing was added to the water except heat and then the heat energy was removed. Thanks for your post Reid ,it was enjoyable. Bob Lee -- oozing on the muggy shore of the gulf coast [email protected]
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