The good:
Total Concentration (ppm) = total concentration measures both the particles
and ions present in the sample.
Ionic Concentration (ppm) = ionic concentration is measured by first
removing the particles from the sample using ultra-centrifugation.
An ultracentrifuge capable of producing up to 602,000 G-forces is used to
separate the particles from the ions in the sample colloid. For more
details on this equipment see: Beckman L8-80M
Total and ionic concentrations are measured using Atomic Emission
Spectroscopy (AES). The instrument used to make this measurement vaporizes
the sample in a plasma operating at 10,000 degrees Centigrade and then
measures the spectral emission lines generated by the atoms in the sample.
An Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) produces the temperatures required to
vaporize the sample. The instrument is called an ICP-AES and is
manufactured by Varian. For more details on this state-of-the-art
scientific instrument see: Varian Liberty II ICP-AES
Particle Concentration (ppm) = particle concentration is calculated by
subtracting ionic ppm from total ppm.
Particle Size Distribution = Dynamic light scattering is employed to
produce a plot and a table showing how the particle sizes are distributed
across a size range from 0.4 nm to 10,000 nm. For each peak in the
distribution a percentage of total volume is calculated to indicate what
percentage of the total particle volume is attributed to the particles of
that specific size.
The instrument used to make the particle size distribution measurements is
the Nano Series Zetasizer (Nano ZS) made by Malvern Instruments of the U.
K. For more details on this instrument see: Malvern NANO-ZS
Particle Surface Area Calculation - Using the particle concentration (ppm)
and particle size volume percentage for each size peak in the distribution,
the particle surface area can be calculated for each volume peak. The total
surface area is the sum of the areas calculated for each volume size peak
in the distribution and is expressed as square centimeters. The Colloid
Surface Area table can be used to convert the concentration (ppm) for a
given size particle into the surface area value.
Colloidal Science Laboratory, Inc.
213 Irick Road
Westampton, NJ 08060
609-267-2065
The bad:
Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM (for particle size and
characterization analyses);
[Completely worthless for this application, "Industry Standard".....for
*other* industries]
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (for precise determinations of silver
concentrations)
[That'll do for *total silver* but not ionic/particulate ratios]
Natural-Immunogenics Corp.
3265 W. McNab Rd.
Pompano Beach, FL 33069
[Ode]
At 05:24 AM 11/18/2007 +0000, you wrote:
I would like to have my CS tested for purity/particle size/ppm. What is
the best lab to send it to?
Thanks
Steve
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG Free Edition.
Version: 7.5.503 / Virus Database: 269.16.0/1137 - Release Date:
11/18/2007 5:15 PM
--
The Silver List is a moderated forum for discussing Colloidal Silver.
Instructions for unsubscribing are posted at: http://silverlist.org
To post, address your message to: silver-list@eskimo.com
Address Off-Topic messages to: silver-off-topic-l...@eskimo.com
The Silver List and Off Topic List archives are currently down...
List maintainer: Mike Devour <mdev...@eskimo.com>
