American Fire Sprinkler Association [http://www.firesprinkler.org/]
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AFSA Technical Update
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A newsletter dealing with codes and other technical issues
November 27, 2013
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Steel Piping Less than 1-inch
"We are currently on a modular housing project where a full NFPA 13 system is
being
in installed. The first floor system, which was installed by the modular housing
contractor, is supplied with sidewall sprinkler heads with 1 in. lines that
drop
into the basement. Those 1 in. lines are tied into branch lines in the basement.
The problem in question is that the housing contractor, in some locations, used
a 1 in. x 1/2 in. cast 90 elbow with a 1/2 in. x 4 in. to 6 in. nipple with a
1/2
in. coupling to supply the sprinkler head. Is this allowed?"
We have reviewed NFPA 13, 2013 edition as the applicable standard. Our informal
interpretation is that this is not allowed for new installations.
Section 8.15.20.1 states, "In new installations expected to supply sprinklers
below
a ceiling, minimum 1 in. outlets shall be provided." Several exceptions for
provided
in this section utilizing bushings but that does not apply for this instance.
The
industry does use 2 in. sprinkler extensions that can cause some confusion due
to
the 1/2-in. diameter. The confusion stems from the 1-in. minimum allowed for
steel
pipe. NFPA 13 does not have a similar size restriction on fittings. There is a
technical basis identified in NFPA 13 supporting the use of short extension
fittings.
There is an allowance for the use of short sections of 1/2-in. pipe. This
allowance
is for revamping an existing system noted in Section 8.15.20.5. So, even though
a 4 in. section of 1/2-in. pipe is at the branch line fitting, the hydraulic
impact
would be similar regardless of the location in the drop nipple. This is the
basis
for allowing a fitting with a 1/2-diameter, usually called a sprinkler
extension.
Although the standard does not address sprinkler extensions, it may be
appropriate
to limit its use to a single sprinkler extension. The manufacturer's
instruction
sheet for these extensions may have limitations on the maximum length permitted
and the orifice sizes of the sprinklers. Hydraulic calculations should give you
an indicator if sprinkler extensions will work as installed. A public input was
made for using sprinkler extension fittings for the 2016 edition of NFPA 13. It
proposes that the outlet diameter of the extension fitting shall be equal to the
inlet diameter of the sprinkler, a single extension fitting up to a maximum of
2 in. in length, the extension fitting is included in the hydraulic
calculations,
and the requirements would not apply where the sprinkler is listed for use with
the extension nipple. This is not a final rule and still has to make it through
the standards making process. Since this system is not being revamped and this
is
a new installation, the NFPA 13 standard does not allow the 4 in. to 6 in.
nipples
to be used as described in your question above.
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Technical Update is prepared by the Technical Services Dept. of the AFSA: Vice
President
of Engineering and Technical Services Roland Huggins, a PE registered in fire
protection
engineering; Phill Brown, a NICET IV certified automatic sprinkler technician
and
NFPA Certified Fire Protection Specialist (CFPS) and Tom Wellen, a PE registered
in fire protection engineering. This is provided with the understanding that
the
AFSA assumes no liability for this opinion or actions taken on it and they are
not
to be considered the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.
Copyright 2012, American Fire Sprinkler Association.
All Rights Reserved
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