Pranam Vyavasāya (व्यवसाय) refers to “endeavour” and is used to describe Goddess Umā, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.3 <https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/shiva-purana-english/d/doc226067.html>.—Accordingly, as the Gods eulogized Umā (Durgā/Satī) with devotion:—“[...] you are the essential feature of five elements. You are Justice in those who uphold justice. You are endeavour personified (i.e., *vyavasāya*— *vyavasāyasvarūpiṇī*). Of the Ṛgveda you are the invocation; of the Yajurveda you are the blending knot of the mantras; of Sāmaveda you are the song and of the Atharvaṇa Veda you are the measure of time, you are the final goal”.
Vyavasāya (व्यवसाय).—1 Effort, exertion, energy, industry, perseverance; करोतु नाम नीतिज्ञो व्यवसायमितस्ततः (*karotu nāma nītijño vyavasāyamitastataḥ*) H.2.14. 2) Resolve, resolution, determination; मन्दीचकार मरण- व्यवसायबुद्धिम् (*mandīcakāra maraṇa- vyavasāyabuddhim*) Ku.4.45 'the thought of resolving to die'; व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिः (*vyavasāyātmikā buddhiḥ*) Bg.2.41; व्यवसायोऽस्मि ( *vyavasāyo'smi*) 1.36. 3) An act, action, performance; व्यवसायः प्रतिपत्तिनिष्ठुरः (*vyavasāyaḥ pratipattiniṣṭhuraḥ*) R.8.65. 4) (*a*) Business, employment, trade. (*b*) Following a particular profession or trade. 5) Conduct, behaviour. 6) Device, stratagem, artifice. 7) Boasting. 8) Name of Viṣṇu. 9) Of Śiva. B G Verse 2.41 Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body) <https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/shrimad-bhagavad-gita/d/doc419738.html> व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिर् एकेह कुरु-नन्दन । बहु-शाखा ह्य् अनन्ताश् च बुद्धयोऽव्यवसायिनाम् ॥ ४१ ॥ *vyavasāyātmikā buddhir ekeha kuru-nandana *| *bahu-śākhā hy anantāś ca buddhayo'vyavasāyinām* || 41 || *vyavasāya-ātmikā*–of a resolute nature; *buddhiḥ*–intelligence; *ekā*– one-pointed; *iha*–on this path of *bhakti*;*kuru-nandana*–O child of the Kurus; *bahu-śākhāḥ*–many-branched;*hi*–certainly; *anantāḥ*–endlessly; (infinity) *ca*–and;* buddhayaḥ*–the intelligence; *avyavasāyinām*–of the irresolute (opposed to *bhakti*). O son of the Kuru <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kuru#vaishnavism> dynasty, the resolute intelligence of those who are on this path of *bhakti <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/bhakti#vaishnavism>* is one-pointed, but the intelligence of those who are averse to *bhakti* branches endlessly. भोगैश्वर्य-प्रसक्तानां तयापहृत-चेतसाम् । व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिः समाधौ न विधीयते ॥ ४४ ॥ *bhogaiśvarya-prasaktānāṃ tayāpahṛta-cetasām *| *vyavasāyātmikā buddhiḥ samādhau na vidhīyate* || 44 || Those who are attached to enjoyment and opulence, and whose minds have been captured by these flowery words, do not attain the resolute intelligence for exclusive absorption (*samādhi <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/samadhi#vaishnavism>*) in Śrī Bhagavān <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/bhagavan#vaishnavism>. यद् अहङ्कारम् आश्रित्य न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे । मिथ्यैव व्यवसायस् ते प्रकृतिस् त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ॥ ५९ ॥chap 18 *Vyavasāya <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/vyavasaya#hinduism>* means determinate cognition in the form of “this is a disease due to predominance of *vāyu <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/vayu#ayurveda>*” or “this is the particular medicine for a particular disease”.[1] <https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/essay/philosophy-of-charaka-samhita/d/doc369715.html#note-e-130143> Akṣapāda <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/akshapada#hinduism> uses this term in the definition of perception in order to characterize it as determinate ( charaka Samhita) KR IRS 9221 On Mon, 8 Feb 2021 at 20:28, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < [email protected]> wrote: > AGRICULTURE- KRISHI- VYAVASAYAM. > > In 1970’s I think, a Tamil film was released with name *Vyavasayi* acted > by late MGR and KR Vijaya. It was a success film. I was in Tamilnadu at > that time. I could gather in *Tamilnadu Vyavasayam meant Agriculture.* > > In Malayalam VYAVASAYAM meant Industry. For agriculture, it is KRISHI in > Malayalam. > > In recent years I have seen people who bring up cattle for their products > and sell are named as KSHEERA KARSHAKAN in Kerala. Earlier it was > Palkachavadakkaran in Malayalam. > > Gradual changes in the meaning of words and contexts appear in course of > time in all languages. *At one time Malayalam words Achhi and Nair meant > husband and wife and was decent*. However now a day these words are least > used and not felt so decent among many. People prefer using words Bharya > and Bharthavu instead. > > There are many people interested in Agriculture. Through generations it > is there. There are agricultural colleges and many after studying comes > with innovative ideas. Many like to have agriculture as their profession > after graduation and post -graduation. They physically like to work rather > than supervising. We can see such persons in the Karshika rangam program of > Kerala Doordarshan. Similar programs are in Pothigai Tamil channel also. > > This is a good trend. *Recently while travelling in train I came across > a software engineer resigned and took up the business profession of silk > sari sales as desired by his father to continue his trade*. > > It comes to my remembrance of a person completed his law degree and after > continuing as Lawyer for short time took the profession as a builder in > Trivandrum. A very successful builder. > > But there are few who believe something like - Pathayam Perum, Chakki > kutthum, Amma veikkum, Jnan unnum. (The granary would deliver paddy, > servant lady would make it rice, mother would cook and I WILL EAT). Olden > days it meant simply idling people. *In the present context it does not > mean, totally idling, but will do only easy works* for a short time. > Probably a genetic nature. > > While working with earth God gives immunity to the body from bacteria, > worms, dirt etc. More over physical strength to work is gained by continued > working. *So as telling- Nithya thozhil abhyasa*m continued working gives > ease of work .In boyhood days I used to help father along with brothers > for cultivation in our dryland. Later we went for jobs, the brother in > native started cultivation in Paattam method. > > Today situation has changed. Many live in flats or small grounds and towns > and cities. Large cultivation area is in rural villages only. > > Agricultural produce is a must for our survival. I recollect a period with > money inflow from foreign countries in Kerala, with less agricultural > produce, the moment items like Banana, spinach etc arrive in market, paying > through the nose the seeing, the rich purchasing them in Kerala. Today that > condition is not there. On those days it was usual comment- *Cheerayellam > panakkarkku (Spinach is for the rich)* > > There are different methods of cultivations with its own positives and > negatives. Always cultivation cannot go profitable. There could be losses > due to natural calamities. Some people directly employ workers and look > after their agriculture. These people involve by working with the > employees. Sometimes their quantum may be lesser on compulsion by workers > telling that he should only guide. > > Some people give the land for Paattam (lease). In the case of paattam, the > owner gets a % of produce as kind or cash. In the case of oatti, a large > amount is given to owner by the party carrying out cultivations. After a > period they had to return the land. In the case of lease, the land can be > taken back from the person, if his up keeping or cultivation is not > satisfactory. > > Some produces comes automatically. Not much care is required other than > removing unnecessary growths. The Tamarind, the Jack fruit etc are of the > type. Some require lesser attention like mango trees, coconut trees, > aracanut trees etc. They require manure, watering etc occasionally. Some > produces require constant care like paddy, vegetables etc. But the > produce comes from the plant. The labour, manure are the expense of the > owner. If the owner is lucky by god’s grace he will have much more produce. > > > Concentrated attention is required for spices, and the profit is also much > more. But everywhere we cannot grow what we desire. Earth will not > betray. > > On those days many parents having practically no job and managing with > income from properties used to give their profession as Krishi > (agriculture) while admitting children to school. > > With mechanical aids, cultivation is less difficult now. Whatever be the > cultivation, physical labour is reduced more than 50% comparing to olden > days. > > One of my officers was commenting while popularising computer in 1990’s- *The > day is not far off when a computer will do all agricultural manual jobs. > This is going to be in the near future*. I read recently a robot > controlling herds of goats. The Goats too like the robots. > > Concluding with a legend- Once two persons agreed to have common > cultivation. One of them was less intelligent. The other tried to make > advantage of him. The agreement was made. The upper portion of the produce > would be taken by the intelligent. The portion inside the ground by the > other. The intelligent decided the cultivation as Plantain. *All the > plantains were taken by the intelligent. The less intelligent was fooled.* > > > The less intelligent thought- He cannot fool me every time. He said he > will decide the cultivation this time. The intelligent had to agree. He > said, he will take this time also what grows up thinking less intelligent > cannot think much. The less intelligent had consulted elders already for > the cultivation depending upon intellegent’s option. He suddenly said- > Cultivation is ELEPHANT YAM. Tit of tat. He took all elephant yams and > gave leaves for the intelligent. > > Writer- R. Gopala Krishnan, 70, retired AGM, Telecom, Trivandrum dated > 21-11-2013. *Reposted after editing on 8-2-2021. * > > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "iyer123" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/2144340885.3152567.1612796286454%40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/2144340885.3152567.1612796286454%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZopSYYWbh89doh7O%3D5eRU0pSekZ%2BFmQtBSN0uUw31rCE8w%40mail.gmail.com.
