For a simple crystal oscillator the two word answer might be "Leeson's model". That of course is a cop out since it clearly defines multiple things that contribute to phase noise.
Bob
And Leeson's model is basically the same as Edson's model, circa 1950
(Edson: Vacuum Tube Oscillators) with 1/f noise added. However,
crystals have "excess noise" above and beyond simple thermal noise.
There is no model, you just have to characterize the crystal.
Rick Karlquist N6RK
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