Attila,
On 01/09/2016 09:25 PM, Attila Kinali wrote:
On Sat, 9 Jan 2016 10:19:05 +0800
Li Ang <lll...@gmail.com> wrote:
In some article, I see people use a D-flipflop to sample the input
signal with reference clock. When you want implement a mixer what's the
difference between D-flipflop and XOR gate?
A D-Flipflop is a rather weird mixer. I have not done the calculation,
but i'm pretty sure that the output is not exactly what you'd expect
it from a normal mixer (namely having half the energy at the frequeny
difference and half at the sum).
It's not that wierd. It's a sampler, and thus it acts like a mixer as if
the signal is spikes, which is just another interpretation of the
Nyquist frequency aliasing. Meta-stability however creates an
"interesting" aspect.
An XOR gate on the other hand, produces a very nice spectrum, given
you input two clean square wave signals.
Indeed.
An interesting variant of the XOR gate as being used as a mixer is when
you build a rubidium. One synthesis approach being used is to divide the
5 MHz OCXO signal with 16 to get 312,5 kHz. Then XORing it with 5 MHz
produces as one of it's mirror signals 5,3125 MHz which is then fed with
a step-up signal of 60 MHz or 90 MHz into the SDR diode in the cavity.
A third digital phase-detector is the SR flip-flop. It avoids the 180
degree phase property (really a triangle wave signal) of the XOR, but
give a 360 degree phase sawtooth. This can be helpful in certain lock-up
conditions.
The phase-frequency detector of the 4046 and the like has additional
flip-flops to remember slipped cycles and forcing the frequency to
regain that. Those provide a strong frequency lock mechanism with a
phase detector in one.
When you refer high speed CMOS XOR gate, do you mean 74LVC1G86?
Generally speaking: Faster CMOS better than slower CMOS in terms of phase noise.
(Though, I have yet to see actual measurements of this)
Single gate chips better than multi gate chips.
(no interference through the power supply of the different sub-parts)
Well, you should wire the other parts into passive mode.
Cheers,
Magnus
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