The articles described below are now available individually on
Didier's site (thanks, Didier !!), at:
<http://www.ko4bb.com/getsimple/index.php?id=manuals&dir=03_App_Notes_-_Proceedings/2_Phase_noise_measurement_references_Steinmetz>
Attila has them available as a single, ~32MB ZIP file (probably
temporarily -- thanks, Attila !!), at:
<http://time.kinali.ch/Phase_noise_measurement_references.zip>
Enjoy!
Charles
Since there seems to be some interest in DIY phase noise test sets,
I put together the following list of references relevant to such a
project, with some comments.
Note that the "dual source" quadrature method is not the only
practical way to make sensitive phase noise
measurements. Interested DIY-ers should also look at the "delay
line discriminator" method. It is substantially simpler, although
its ultimate noise floor is typically not as good as the "dual
source" method. But it may well be good enough, depending on the PN
of the oscillators you are measuring.
(1) Correlation_based_PN_measurements_RUBIOLA_2000: Describes a
system for making interferometer-based PN measurements, for a lower
noise floor.
(2) HP_AN150-4_SA_noise_measurements_1974 [see especially pp.
19-25]: A good introduction to using a spectrum analyzer to
characterize the phase noise of oscillators.
(3) HP_AN246-2_PN_measurement_with_HP_3585A: A good introduction
to the advantages and limitations of using a spectrum analyzer to
characterize the phase noise of oscillators. For those fortunate
enough to own an HP 3585A or B, this reference provides much useful
information about using this particular instrument.
(4) HP_art_of_phase_noise_measurement_SCHERER_1985: An excellent
introduction to the subject. Explains the operation, advantages,
and disadvantages of the "dual source" and "delay line discriminator" methods.
(5) HP_Phase_Noise_Measurement_Techniques_2000: More detailed
treatment than the Scherer 1985 reference, including direct PN
measurements with SAs, as well as the "dual source" and "delay line
discriminator" methods. Provides specific sensitivity/noise floor
information about various HP instruments.
(6) HP_phase_noise_seminar_1985: Even more detail than the two
references above. Discusses four different measurement methods in
substantial detail and provides specific sensitivity/noise floor
information about various HP instruments.
(7) Low_cost_phase_noise_measurement_Wenzel: Describes a
practical, low-cost "dual source" PN measurement system, with links
to schematics of the building blocks. Provides useful insight into
calibration.
(8) Measurement_of_frequency_PN_AM_noise_WALLS_NIST: More
theoretical treatment, discussing five PN measurement systems.
(9)
Phase_and_AM_noise_measurement_in_frequency_domain_LANCE_etal_1984:
Another theoretical treatment of both dual source and single source
measurement methods, including a dual delay line system to improve
the noise floor.
(10) Phase_detector_with_low_flicker_noise_BARNES_etal_NIST_2011:
Describes a DIY double-balanced mixer phase detector using
diode-connected 2N2222 transistors. [Note that only the flicker
noise is improved -- the white noise floor is actually significantly
higher than with DBMs using diodes. NB: There are much better
transistors than the 2N2222 for this application.]
(11)
Phase_Noise_Measurement_Using_Phase_Lock_Technique_Motorola_AN1639_1999:
A good general treatment of the "dual source" quadrature method,
including insights into avoiding a number of sources of error.
(12/13/14)
Phase_noise_measurement_with_amateur_instruments_2010_(Italian)
[and English translations]: Slides from a presentation by Eraldo
Sbarbati, I4SBX (SK) to Italian hams. Practical orientation.
(15) Phase_Noise_Measurements_NELSON_NIST_2011: Slides from a
conference presentation. More a discussion of the finer points of
PN measurements, less about the basics.
Oops, missed one:
(16) DEMPHANO_phase_noise_measurement_fixture_MAKHINSON_CQ_1999:
DIY construction article for a "dual source" quadrature test fixture
that the author uses as a front end for an HP 3585A spectrum analyzer.
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