Hi Hui Zhang,

> in the paper CSAC was described that it is based on CPT technology
> My question is the SA.3x(or SA.2x) also used this method?

Yes. Here's another good read; and it also includes photos of the inside of 
your SA.33:

http://www-users.york.ac.uk/~jke1/Atomic_Clocks/Papers/Commercial%20CPT.pdf

> In my impression the SA.3x series clock is called Rubidium clock,
> and the SA.45 is a real Cesium CSAC?

Your use of the phrase "real cesium" may be the source of your confusion. The 
SA.3x uses rubidium and the SA.4x uses cesium. They are all real atoms. These 
modern MAC / CSAC atomic standards compete with high-end DOCXO quartz 
oscillators with respect to factors like temperature, stability, and drift. 
They do not compete with traditional laboratory rubidium or cesium standards.

You may be thinking that because some CPT clocks use cesium instead of rubidium 
that they are special or more accurate, but this is not the case. None of these 
compact low-power  laser / VCSEL / CPT -based frequency standards are primary 
standards.

/tvb

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jar Sun via time-nuts" <[email protected]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Saturday, October 07, 2017 8:27 PM
Subject: [time-nuts] Question about SA.33 Rb clock


Dear group: I have got a SA.33 Rb module from a second hand GPS clock, at first 
it works well, but soon after it was damaged that beacuse I was trying to 
install a heat sink on it, unfortunately I used screws which its size too long, 
so maybe the screws drilled into inside Rb lamp or inside circuit something? I 
don't know.
I am not expecting this Rb can be receoveyed, I am just hope there is no some 
martirial hamfully leaked out. TVB gave me some information about this Rb 
module and a papers on this website:
http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/ptti/2002papers/paper52.pdf
I have read the paper for two times, but I am confused now, the paper described 
a principle of CSAC clock in 2002, in the papger CSAC was described that it is 
based on CPT technology, and the CPT is based on a VCSEL and a very small 
Cesium Cell and other implement necessarily. My question is the SA.3x(or SA.2x) 
also used this method? In my impression the SA.3x series clock is called 
Rubidium clock, and the SA.45 is a real Cesium CSAC? So if SA.3x or SA.2x used 
the technique which mentioned in paper52, can we say there is some Cesium 
material in SA.3x? I am totally confused, do anyone can give me some advice? 
Any information will be appreciated, Thanks a lot.
Regards.
Hui Zhang
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