Hi Tom and Magnus: Thanks for your reply and informations. I was wrong about 
all SA.3x things, I thought SA.3x was a traditional Rb87 optically pumped 
structure rather than CPT concept clock, because I noticed that SA series 
consums more power(5W at locked), not less power consumption(less 100mW) on the 
paper of CSAC. Another mistake I made was that I thought only Cs could be used 
in CSAC or MAC. Thanks for pointing that out, now I'm clear ith that. Regards. 
Hui Zhang On 2017-10-13 00:06 , Tom Van Baak Wrote: Hi Hui Zhang, > in the 
paper CSAC was described that it is based on CPT technology > My question is 
the SA.3x(or SA.2x) also used this method? Yes. Here's another good read; and 
it also includes photos of the inside of your SA.33: 
http://www-users.york.ac.uk/~jke1/Atomic_Clocks/Papers/Commercial%20CPT.pdf > 
In my impression the SA.3x series clock is called Rubidium clock, > and the 
SA.45 is a real Cesium CSAC? Your use of the phrase "real cesium" may be the 
source of your confus
 ion. The SA.3x uses rubidium and the SA.4x uses cesium. They are all real 
atoms. These modern MAC / CSAC atomic standards compete with high-end DOCXO 
quartz oscillators with respect to factors like temperature, stability, and 
drift. They do not compete with traditional laboratory rubidium or cesium 
standards. You may be thinking that because some CPT clocks use cesium instead 
of rubidium that they are special or more accurate, but this is not the case. 
None of these compact low-power  laser / VCSEL / CPT -based frequency standards 
are primary standards. /tvb ----- Original Message ----- From: "Jar Sun via 
time-nuts" <time-nuts@febo.com> To: <time-nuts@febo.com> Sent: Saturday, 
October 07, 2017 8:27 PM Subject: [time-nuts] Question about SA.33 Rb clock 
Dear group: I have got a SA.33 Rb module from a second hand GPS clock, at first 
it works well, but soon after it was damaged that beacuse I was trying to 
install a heat sink on it, unfortunately I used screws which its size too long, 
 so maybe the screws drilled into inside Rb lamp or inside circuit something? I 
don't know. I am not expecting this Rb can be receoveyed, I am just hope there 
is no some martirial hamfully leaked out. TVB gave me some information about 
this Rb module and a papers on this website: 
http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/ptti/2002papers/paper52.pdf I have read the paper 
for two times, but I am confused now, the paper described a principle of CSAC 
clock in 2002, in the papger CSAC was described that it is based on CPT 
technology, and the CPT is based on a VCSEL and a very small Cesium Cell and 
other implement necessarily. My question is the SA.3x(or SA.2x) also used this 
method? In my impression the SA.3x series clock is called Rubidium clock, and 
the SA.45 is a real Cesium CSAC? So if SA.3x or SA.2x used the technique which 
mentioned in paper52, can we say there is some Cesium material in SA.3x? I am 
totally confused, do anyone can give me some advice? Any information will be 
appreciated, Thanks a 
 lot. Regards. Hui Zhang _______________________________________________ 
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